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/ 


I 


MORFORD’S 


Short-Trip  Guide 

TO 

AMERICA. 

{UNITED  STATES  AND  DOMINION  OF  CANADA,) 


By  HENRY  MORFORD, 

AUTHOR  OR  THE  “ SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE  TO  EUROPE,’’  “ OVSR-SKA,” 
“PARIS  IN  ’67,”  ETC. 


NEW  YOUR: 

CHARLES  T.  DILLINGHAM. 

BOSTON: 

LEE  <fc  SHEPARD. 

LONDON : 

TRUBNER  & CO., 

AND 

W.  m SMITH  & SON. 


Entered  at  Stationers’  Hall,  London— all  rights  reserved. 
Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  ISTT, 

By  HEKRY  MORFORB, 

In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congresa,  at  Washington,  D.  O. 


F,  l^KbmTT  & Co,,  Printers,  Pearl  and  Fine  St.,  Kew  Yor2u 


‘?/7-  S 

hi  Hi 


4- 

ADTERTISEMENT 

TO  THE  SEVENTH  EDITION. 


Ill  the  preparation  of  the  seventh  edition  of  the  Short- 
Trip  Guide  to  America,”  necessarily  most  of  the  features 
which  had  won  it  so  much  of  commendation  and  success  in 
previous  editions,  have  been  retained;  though  many  varia- 
tions have  been  found  necessary,  from  the  constant  changes 
of  routes,  widening  of  space  covered  by  railway  transit,  alter- 
ations  and  improvements  in  cities,  &c.  Some  entirely  new 
and  important  routes  have  been  added,  and  completions  of 
only  less  consequence  made  in  others.  Most  of  the  very 
close  particulars  given  last  year  with  reference  to  the  City  of 
Philadelphia,  have  been  retained  as  permanently  useful-  and 
especial  attention  has  been  paid  to  the  very  latest  alterations 
m the  City  of  New  York.  Southern  and  Western  routes 
have  also  been  materially  remodeled  and  extended;  and  the 
various  new  railway  connections  with  the  main  line  crossin <r 
the  Continent  to  the  Pacific,  will  he  found  carefully  noted” 
as  well  as  the  improvements  and  alterations  made  by  the 
last  three  years  in  the  strange  City  of  the  Golden  Gate.  It 
is  believed  that,  taken  all  in  all,  the  “Short-Trip  Guide” 
for  1877  will  be  found  reasonably  complete,  and  thoroughly 
welcome  to  the  large  body  of  native  and  foreign  travelers  to 
whose  convenience  it  may  mini&ter. 

New  York  and  London> 

June,  1877. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 


Index jf: 

Dis'j  ancks,  Time  and  Fares Xiv 

Cost  and  Tmn  of  Short  American  Trips 7 

Puepakations  for  the  Trip  to  America 17 

AFiiat  to  1)0  and  Avoid  on  Shipboard 30 

3^e ll-Time  at  Sea 40 

New  York  City,  Harbor  and  Suburbs 42 

liOUTE  No.  1. — Northern — New  York  to  Niagara  and  Canada 02 

“ No.  2. — Northern — New  York  to  Niagara  and  Canada 83 

**  No.  3 —Northern — New  York  to  Saratoga,  Lake  George,  &c.  91 

“ No.  4. — Eastern— New  York  to  Boston,  by  New  Haven, 

Providence,  &c 103 

“ No.  5. — Eastern — jSoston  to  Portland  and  Canada 124 

“ No.  6. — Northern  and  Eastern  — Boston  to  White  Moun- 
tains, &c 129 

“ No.  7. — Northern  and  Eastern — New  York  to  White  Moun- 
tains, &c 136 

“ No.  8. — Near  Western — New  York  to  Philadelphia 144 

“ No.  9. — Western  and  Southern — Philadelphia  to  Baltimore, 

Washington  and  lliehmond 162 

“ No.  9|. — Special  Yirginian— Baltimore  or  Washington  to 

Virginia  Cities,  Springs  and  Mountains 189 

“ No.  9| — Western  and  South-Western — Washington  or  Bal- 
timore, to  Chicago  and  St,  Louis 189Z 

“ No.  10. — South- Western— Richmond  to  Charleston,  Savan- 
nah, New  Orleans,  &c 190 

“ No.  11.— South  - Western — Washington  or  Richmond  to 

Nashville  and  New  Orleans 195 

No.  11|. — Southern  — Richmond  to  Charleston,  Savannah, 

and  Florida  Resorts : 196cj 

No.  12. — Western— New  York  or  Philadelphia  to  Cincinnati 

and  (Chicago 197 

No.  13.— Western— New  York  to  Chicago.  &c 206 

“ No.  14. — Western— Cincinnati  to  Louisville,  St.  Louis  and 

Chicago 217 

“ No.  45. — Northern  and  Western — Buffalo  to  Chicago,  by 

Lake  Shore 226 

“ No.  16. — Northern— New  York  or  Philadelphia  to  Coal  and 

Oil  Regions 228 

“ No.  17.— Canadian  and  Western— Niagara  to  Detroit  and 

Chicago 231 

“ No.  18 — North-Western  — Chicago  to  St  Paul  and  Lake 

Superior  237 

“ No.  19. — Canadian — Niagara  to  Toronto,  Ottawa,  Montreal, 

Quebec,  &c 241 

No.  20.— Canadian— Niagara  to  Toronto,  Montreal  and  Que- 
bec, by  Steamers 257 

“ No.  21.— Far  Western— Chicago  to  Omaha,  Salt  LakeOity 

and  San  Francisco 261 

Off  Route  and  Minor  Places 277 

^Steamship  Lines  and  Banking  Houses — 

Ameuicax  Hotels  for  Travellers — • 

Reminders  to  Ramblers — — 


INDEX 


[P1.AC1S  AND  ROUTES.  FOR  PLACES  THEMSELVES,  SEE  FIGURES  IN  HEAVY 
TYPE  ; FOR  PLACES  NOT  FOUND  IN  THIS  INDEX,  SEE  “-OFF- 
ROLYE  AND  MINOR  PLACES,”  PRECEDING.J 


A 

Acapulco,  Mex.,  273. 

AGiromlack  Mountains,  97,  100. 
Adrian,  Mich.,  227,  235. 

Akron,  Ohio,  2^0. 

Alameila  (and  Warm  Springs), 
Cal.,  271,  273. 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  70. 

Albion,  Mich.,  235. 

Albion,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Alexandria,  Ya.,  183, 185,  195. 
Alkali,  Neb.,  269. 

Allegheny  City,  Pa.,  200. 
Allegheny  Mountains,  109. 
Allegheny  Springs,  Va.,  195. 
Allentown,  Pa.,  208. 

•Alliance,  0.,  210. 

Altoona,  Pa.,  199. 

Alton  Bay,  N.  II , 125,  129. 

Alton,  111.,  224,  239,  261,  263. 
Alton,  N.  II.,  129. 

Amador,  Cal.,  274. 

Amherst,  Mass.,  139. 

Ammonoosuc  Falls,  N.  H.,  134. 
Anchorage,  Ky.,  217. 

Andover,  North,  Mass,  124. 
Annapolis  Junction.  Md.,  171. 
Annapolis,  Md.,  1G8, 171. 

Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  235. 
Appomattox,  Va.,  195. 

Aquia  Creek,  Va.,  183, 185. 
Argenta,  Nev.,  272. 

Arlington  House,  Va.,  182. 
Arnprior,  Can.,  243. 

Acthabasca  (Junction),  Can.,  128, 
251. 

Ashland,  Iowa,  263. 

Ashland,  Ky.,  217. 

Aspen,  Utah,  271. 

Aspinwall,  Cent.  Amer.,  273. 
Athens,  N.  Y.,  70. 


Athens,  O.,  203. 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  191. 

Atlantic,  Iowa,  264. 

Atlantic  City,  N.  J.,  150,  160. 
Attleboro,  Mass.,  110. 

Auburn,  Cal.,  273. 

Auburn,  N.  Y.,  76. 

Augusta,  Ga.,  191. 

Augusta,  Me.,  127. 

Au  Sable  River,  N.  Y.,  100. 

Austin,  Iowa,  238,  261,  262. 

Austin,  Nev.,  269. 

Australia  (to;,  273. 

15. 

Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y.,  91. 
Baltimore,  Md.,  1G4.  198,  201— 
Fort  McHenry,  165  — Monu- 
ments, 165  — Streets,  . 165— 
Public  Buildings,  166— Churches 
106— Lit.  Inst.,  166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels,  167— Cemeteries, 

167— Excursions,  168  — Longer 
Excursions,  168,  169,  170. 
Bangor,  Me.,  127. 

Barry  town,  N.  Y.,  68. 

Batavia,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Bathurst,  N.  B.,  260. 

Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  235. 

Battle  Mountain,  Nev.,  272. 

Bay  City,  Mich.,  240. 

BeaupoVt,  Can.,  253. 

Beaverton,  Can.,  242. 

Becancour,  Can.,  128. 

Bedford  Springs,  Pa.,  199. 

Bel- Air,  Md  , 168. 

Belle  Air,  O.,  202. 

Belleville,  Can.,  243. 

Bellows  Falls,  Vt.,  140. 

Belmont,  Mo.,  220. 

Belmont,  Nev.,  269. 


11 


INDEX. 


Beloit,  Wis.,  238. 

Berkeley  Sprinjjs,  Va.,  lS9a. 
Bergen  Tunnel,  N.  J.,  83. 

Berlin,  Can.,  232,  242. 

Bethlehem,  N.  H.,  134. 

Bethlehem,  Pa.,  208. 

1 Beverley,  N.  J.,  150. 

Biddeiord.  Me.,  125. 

Big  Oak  Flat  Koute,  Cal.,  2767?. 

Big  Trees  of  Calaveras,  CaI.,27Ga. 
276/1. 

Big  Trees  of  Mariposa,  Cal.,  276i. 
Big  Tunnel,  Va  , 195. 

Biugliarnton,  N.  Y.,  76,  87« 

Bird’s  Point,  Mo.,  221. 
Birmingham,  Pa.,  200. 

Bismarck,  Mo.,  221. 

Bitter  Creek,  Wyo„  271. 

Black  River,  Can.,  128. 
Bladensburg,  Md.,  171. 

Blairsville,  Pa.,  200. 

Bloody  Pond,  N.  Y.,  95. 
Bloomington,  111.,  224,  261,  262, 
263. 

P.Ioomsbury,  N.  J.,  207. 

Boca,  Cal., 273. 

Boise  City,  Idaho,  268,  269. 
Bonsack’s,  Va.,  195. 

Boone,  Iowa,  262. 

Boonton,  N.  J.,  228. 

Bordentown,  K.  J.,  148,  ISO, 
160. 

Boston,  107,  110,  115,  251— 
Streets,  117— Public  Grouudp, 
117  — Antiquities,  117  — Pui'lic 
Pmildings,  118— Monuments,  119 
—Churches,  119— Libraries  and 
Lit.  Inst.,  119— Theatres,  120— 
Hotels,  120— Excursions,  120— 
Harvard  University,  ] 20— Wash- 
ington Head  Quarters,  121— 
Mount  Auburn  Cemetery,  121— 
Longer  Excursions,  121,  122. 
Bothwell,  Can.,  232. 

Bound  Brook,  N.  J.,  206. 

Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  219. 
Bowmanville,  Can  , 242. 

Bradford,  Mass.,  124. 

Branch  Intersection.  Pa.,  198. 
Branchville,  S.  C.,  191. 

Brandywine  Greek,  Pa.,  162. 
Brattleboro,  Vt , 140. 

Breckenridge,  Minn.,  239. 
Bridgeport.  Ct.,  103. 

Bridgeton,  N.  J..  150, 159. 

Brighton,  Cal.,  274. 

Brighton,  Mass.,  107. 


Bristol,  Pa.,  148. 

Bristol,  Tenn.,  195. 

Brockport,  N.  Y.,  77 
Brockvilie,  Can.,  24b. 

Brooklyn  connection  with  New 
York)— Streets,  47  — Churches, 
50— Public  Buildings,  51— Hotels 
63— Theatres,  54— Churches  for 
Service,  54 — Public  Grounds.  55, 
67— Prospect  Park,  57— Green- 
wood Cemetery,  57— Excursions 
57,  68— Navy  Yard,  58. 

Brown's,  Can.,  246. 

Brown  University,  109, 

Bryan,  Wyo.,271. 

Buckingham,  Can.,  246. 

Bucyrus,  O.,  210. 

Budd’s  Lake,  N.  J.,  60,  228. 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  89,  232,  234, 
240. 

Buford,  Wyo  , 270. 

Bull  Bun  (Battle-field',  Va.,  183. 
Bulstrode,  Can.,  128,  251. 

Bureau,  111.,  263. 

Burhevilie  (Junction),  Va.,  195. 
Burliugton,  Jowa,  215,  238,  239, 
261,263,204. 

BurlingU)n,  N.  J..  150,  160. 
Burlington,  Vt.,  100,  lOl,  140. 
Bush  River  Bridge,  Md.,  164 

€. 

Cacouna,  Can.,  255. 

Cairo,  111.,  194,  205,  216,  22  0. 
Caldwell,  N.  Y.,  95. 

Caledonia,  N,  Y.,  77. 

Caledonia  Springs,  Can.,  246. 
California  Junction,  Iowa,  264, 205. 
Cadicoon,  N.  Y.,  86. 

Calistoga  (Springs),  Cal.,  2767. 
Camden,  N.  J.,  148,  1 60,  159. 
Camel’s  Hump  Mountain,  Vt.,  100. 
Canandaigu.i,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Canton,  ().,  210. 

Cape  Cod,  Mass.,  122. 

Cape  Elizabeth,  Me.,  125. 

Cape  Ma7,  N.  J.,  150.  IGO* 

Cape  Rouge,  Can.,  253. 

Cape  Vincent,  N.  Y.,  243. 

Carbon,  Wvo.,  266. 

Caroondale,  Pa.,  270. 

Carillon,  C.tn.,  246. 

Carleton  Place,  Can.,  243,  245. 
Carlin,  Nev.,  272. 

Carlisle,  Pa , 198. 

Carson,  Nev.,  269. 


INDEX. 


ill 


Carter,  Utah,  271. 

Cascade  Bridge,  N.  Y.,  87. 

Casey,  Iowa,  264. 

Castie  Hock,  Utah,  271. 

Casiletoa,  N.  Y.,  70. 

Castleton,  Vt.,  loi. 

Catawissa,  Pa.,  209. 

Catskill  Landing,  >!.  Y.,  CS. 
Catskill  Moumaiii  House,  G9. 

Cave  City,  Ky.,  218. 

Cayuga,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  215, 238, 261 , 
263. 

Central  City,  Col.,  266. 

Centre  Harbor,  N.  H.,  102,  130, 
138. 

Chambersburg,  Pa.,  183, 198. 
Champapjn,  III.,  224. 

Charles  City,  Iowa,  238. 

Charles; on.  Mo.,  22l. 

Charleston,  S.  C.,  18S,  189. 
ChariesLuwii,  Va.,  1896, 

Charlotte  Town,  P.  E.  I.,  259. 
Charlottesville,  Va.,  183,  195. 
Chatham,  Can.,  232. 

Chattano  :>^a,  Tenn.,  191,  196* 
Chaudiere,  Junction,  can.,  128, 
254,  255, 256. 

Chaudiere  Palls,  Can.,  244,  253. 
Chelsea,  Mass.,  122. 

Chenoa,  111.,  224. 

Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  74. 

Chester,  N.  J.,  228. 

Chester,  Pa.,  162. 

Chester,  Va.,  186. 

Cheyenne.  Wyo.,270,  274. 
Chicago,  111.,  201,  205,  2 1 2 , 220, 
223,  225,  227,  234,  236,  238,  239. 
Chicamauga,  Tenn.,  190. 

China  (to,  273. 

Chinese  Camp,  Cal.,  274. 
Cincinnati.  O.,  201,  202,  204, 
205,  210,  216,  221,  223,  227. 
Claremont,  Vt.,  140. 

Clear  field.  Pa.,  199. 

Cleveland,  O.,  201,  202,  203,  205, 
210,  216,  2 2 6,  240. 

Clinton,  Iowa,  261. 

Clyde,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Clyde,  ()’.,  227. 

Coal  Regions  of  Pennsylvania, 
207,  2C8,.229. 

Coatesville.  Pa.,  197. 

Coburg,  Can.,  242. 

Cohoes  Fails,  N.  Y.,  71. 

Colborne,  Can.,  243. 

Cold  Spring,  N.  Y.,  66. 


Colfax,  Cal.,  27.3. 

Collins’  Bay,  Can.,  243. 

Colmar,  Iowa,  238. 

Coloma,  Cal.,  270. 

Coliimnia,  Ind.,  211. 

Columbia,  Pa.,  198. 

Columbia,  S.  C.,  188,  191. 
Columbia  Springs  (route  to),  70. 
Columbus,  Ky.,  220. 

Columbus,  0.,  202,  210,  227. 
Columbu'a,  Neb.,  269. 
Communipaw,  N.  J.,  206. 

Como,  Can.,  247. 

Coney  Island,  N.  Y.,  58. 

Concord,  Mass.,  123.  136. 
Concord,  N.  H.,  124, 125,  1 37. 
Conemaugh  Station.  Pa.,  199. 
Contra  Costa,  Cal..  273. 

Conway,  N.  H.,  102,  129,  131, 
138. 

Conway  Valley,  N.  H.,  130. 
Cooperctown,  N.  Y.,  74. 

Corinne,  Ulah,  272. 

Corning,  N.  Y.,  77,  88b. 

Cornwall  Landing,  N.  Y.,  66. 
Corry,  Pa.,  89,  198,  226,  230. 
Coshocton,  0.,  202, 227. 

Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  ^62,  264. 
Covington,  Ky.,  204,  217. 
Coxsackie,  N.  Y..  70. 

Coultersville  Route,  Cal.,  276^. 
Crawlord  House.  N.  H.,  133. 

C esson.  Pa.,  199. 

Cresiliue,  O.,  210. 

Creston,  Wyo.,  271. 

Cri^fleld.  Md.,  163. 

Croton  River,  N.  Y.,  63. 

Culpepper,  Va.,  183. 

Cumberland,  Md.,  170,  201. 

Danvers,  No.,  Mass.,  124. 

Danville,  Can.,  128. 

Danville  Junction,  Me.,  127. 
Darien,  Ct.,  103. 

Davenport,  Iowa,  239,  263. 
Dayton,  O..  204,  210,  211,  227. 
Delaware  Water  Cap,  GO.  160, 
207,  229. 

Dennison,  0.,  202. 

Denver,  Col.,  274,  276m. 
Deposit,  N.  YL,  86. 

Des  Moines,  Iowa,  215,  262,  264. 
Detroit,  Mich.,  210,  211,  216,  227, 
O Q Q 940 

Devil’s  Gate',  Utah,  271. 


IV 


INDEX. 


Dexter,  Iowa,  2o4. 

Dixon,  111.,  261. 

Dobbs  Ferry,  N.  Y.,  63. 

Dorsey,  Md.,  171. 

Doucet’s  Landing,  Can.,  128. 
Dover,  Del.,  163. 

Dover,  N.  J.,  228. 

Dover,  N.  IL,  125,  129, 137. 
Downieville  Cal.,  270. 
DowningtoQ,  Pa.,  197. 

Drakesville,  N.  J.,  228. 

Dresden  Junction,  0.,  202. 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  239,  261. 

Duluth,  Minn.,  238,  240. 

Dundas,  Can.,  232a 
Dunkirk,  N.  Y.,  89,  226. 

Dunleith,  Iowa,  261. 

Dunville,  Can.,  232. 

Durham,  N.  H.,  125. 

Easton,  Pa.,  160,  207,  229. 

East  Penn.  Junction,  Pa.,  208. 
Elatontown,  N. ,).,  59. 

Ebensburg,  Pa.,  199. 

Echo  Canon  (and  CityX  Utah,  271. 
Echo  Lake,  N.  H.,  141. 

Ertiugham,  Ind.,  2056,  225. 

Elgin,  111.,  from  Chicago,  212  to  216. 
Elizabeth  City,  Va.,  169. 
Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  59,  145^  197, 
206. 

Elizabethport,  N.  J.,  149,  206. 

Elk  Grove,  Cal.,  274. 

Elkharr,  Ina.,  227. 

Elkhorn,  Neb.,  268 
Eikhorn,  Wis.,  237. 

Elko,  Nev.,  272 
Elkton,  Md.,  163. 

Ellicott’s  Mills,  Mtl.,  170. 

Ellis,  Cal.,  271. 

Elmira,  N.  Y.,  88, 198. 

Eminence,  Ky.,  217. 

Emporium,  Pa.,  230. 

Englewood,  111.,  262. 

Erie  Canal,  74. 

Erie,  Pa.,  198,  201,  22  6,  230,  240. 
Essex  Junction,  Vt.,  101. 
Evauston,  Utah,  271. 

Evansville,  Ind.,  219. 

Exeter,  N.  H.,  125. 

F. 

Fairfax  Court-House,  Ya.,  183. 
Fall  River,  Mass.,  113,  114. 


Falls  of  the  Ammonoosuc,  N.  H., 
134. 

Falls  of  the  Chaudiere,  Can.,  244. 

253.  ^ 

Falls  of  Cohoes,  N.  Y.,  71 . 

Falls  of  t le  Genesee,  N.  Y.,  77- 
Falls,  Glen  Ellis,  N.  II. , 131. 

Fails,  Glenn’s,  N.  Y.,  95. 

F.alls,  Kauterskiil,  N.  Y.,  69. 

Falls  of  Minnehaha,  Minn.,  239. 
Falls  of  Niagara,  77, 78,  242. 
Fails,  Passaic,  59,  84. 

Falls  of  the  Potomac,  I).  C.,  182. 
Falls,  Ptideau,  Can.,  244,  245. 

Falls  of  the  bawkiil,  N.  Y.,  86. 
Falls  of  St.  Anne,  Can.,  247. 

Falls  of  St.  Anthony,  Mum.,  239. 
Falls  of  Trenton,  N.  Y.,  75. 

Falls  of  the  Yo  Semite,  Cal.,  275. 
Farmington,  N.  U.,  129. 

Fishkili  Landing,  N.  Y.,  66. 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  140. 
Flemington.  N.  J.,  207^ 

Florence,  S.  C.,  189. 

Florida  Resorts,  I96r?,  1966 
Flume,  The  (and  House),  N.  H., 
142. 

Fonda,  N.  Y.,  74. 

Forest,  0.,  210. 

Fort  Bridger,  Utah,  267. 

Fort  Dodge,  Iowa.  262,  264 
Fort  Hamilton,  N.  Y.,  58. 

Fort  Howard,  Wis.,  261. 
FortMassasauga,  Can.,  257. 

Fort  Niagara,  N.  Y.,  257. 

Fort  Plain,  N.  Y.,  74, 

Fort  Saunders,  Wyo.,  270. 

Fort  Schuyler,  N.  Y.,  111. 

Fort  Sedgwick,  Neb.,  265. 

Fort  Snelling,  Minn.,  239. 

Fort  Washington,  Va.,  185. 

Fort  Wayne,  Ind-,  201,  211,  224, 
227,  235,  262, 

Fortress  Monroe,  Va.,  169. 

Four  Lakes,  Wis..  2.S8. 

Foxboro,  Mass.,  110. 
Framingham,  Mass.,  107. 
Franconia  Notcli,  N.  II. , 134. 
Frankford,  Pa.,  148. 

Franklinton,  Md.,  168. 

Frederick,  Md.,  170. 
Fredericsburg,  Va.,  185! 
Fredericton,  N.  13.,  259. 

Freehold,  N.  J..  149. 

Freeport,  111.,  237,  261,  263. 
Freeport,  Pa.,  200. 

Fremont,  0.,  227. 


INDEX, 


V 


Fremont,  Neb.,  268. 
Frenchman’s  Bay,  Can.,  242. 


O. 

Galena,  111.,  239. 

Galt,  Cal.,2T6A:. 

Galveston,  Texas,  192,  194. 
Gananoque,  Can.,  243. 

Garrison’s  Landing,  N.  Y.,  64. 
Gatineau  River,  Can,,  245. 
Genesee  Falls,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Geneva,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Genoa,  111.,  237. 

Georgetown,  Cal.,  270. 
Georgetown,  D.  c.,  1S2. 
Georgetown,  Mass.,  124. 
Germantown,  Fa.,  150. 

Geysers,  The,  Cal.,  27UA%  27 6Z. 
Girard,  Pa.,  226. 

Glen  Allen,  Mo.,  221. 

Glencoe,  Can.,  232. 

Glen  Cove,  L.  L,  61. 

Gfen  Ellis  Fails,  N.  II.,  131. 

Glen  House,  N.  H.,  131. 

Glenn's  Falls,  N.  Y.,  95. 
Goderich,  Can.,  232.  240. 

Golden  City,  Cal.,  266. 

Gold  Hill,  Nev.,  269. 

Goshen,  Va.,  189(^,  180e. 
Qordonsville,  Va.,  183,  186,  189^. 
Gorham,  N.  H.,  102,  137,251. 
Gosport  Navy  Yard,  Ya.,  169. 
Grafton,  Mass.,  107. 

Grand  Haven,  Mich.,  227,  235. 
Grand  Island,  Neb.,  269. 

Grand  Junction,  Iowa,  262. 
Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  235. 
Granger,  Utah,  267. 

Granite  Canon,  Wyo.,  270. 

Grass  Valley,  Cal.,  270. 

Great  American  Desert,  268. 
Great  Bend,  N.  Y.,  87,  229. 

Great  Falls,  N.  II.,  125. 

Great  Nevada  Sandy  Desert,  269. 
Great  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  268. 
Green  Bay,  Wis  , 215,  261. 
Greenbush,  N.  Y.,  70. 

Greenfield,  Mass.,  140. 
Greenport,  L.  I.,  61. 

Green  River,  Wyo.,  271. 
Greensboro,  N.  C.,  188. 
Greensburg,  Pa.,  200. 

Greenwich,  East,  R.  I.,  109. 
Greenwood  Lake,  N.  Y.,  85. 
Grenville.  Can.^  246. 


Grey  court,  N.  Y.,  85. 

Grimsby,  Can.,  231. 

Grinnell,  Iowa,  263. 

Groton,  Ct.,  108. 

Groton  Junction,  Mass.,  136,  140. 
Grout’s  Corners,  Mass.,  140. 
Guelph,  Can.,  232,  242. 
Gunpowder  Skiver  Bridge.  Md., 
164 

Hackettstown.  N.  J.,  60,  228. 

Ha  Ha  Bay,  Can.,  266. 

Halifax,  N.  s.,  250,  359. 
Hamilton,  Can.,  331,  241. 
Hamilton,  O.,  210. 

Hampton  Junction,  K.  J.,  207,  22a. 
Hampton,  N.  H.,  125. 

Hampton  and  Roads),  Va  , 169. 
Hancock,  N.  Y.,  88. 

Hannibal,  Mo.,  239. 

Hanover,  Md.,  171. 

Hanover,  Va.,  163. 

Harper’s  Ferry,  W.  Ya.,  170,  171, 
183,  189,  201. 

Hartford,  4;t.,  105. 
Harrisonburg,  Va.,  ISOjff. 
Harrisburg,  Pa.,  16U,  163,  198> 
209. 

Harvard  University,  120. 
Haverhill.,  Mass.,  124. 

Havana,  Cuba,  194. 

Havre  de  Grace,  Md.,  162,  1G3* 
Hawkesbnry,  Can.,  246. 

Hazard,  Wyo., 270. 

Hazleton,  Pa.,  209. 

Helena,  Nev.,  268. 

Henderson,  Ky.,  219. 

Herkimer,  N.  V.,  74. 

Hermitage,  the,  Tenn.,  219. 
Hickford  Junction,  Va.,  189. 
Highlands  of  Navesink,  59. 
Highlands  of  the  Hudson,  63. 
Hightstown,  N.  J.,  150. 

Hillsdale,  Mich.,  227. 

Hillsdale,  Wyo.,  270. 

Hoboken,  N.  J.,  68. 

Homewood,  Pa.,  210. 

Honesdale,  Pa.,  229. 

Hoosic  Tunnel,  Mass.,  136, 
Horicon,  Wis.,  237. 

Hornellsville,  N.  Y,,  89. 

Hudson,  Can.,  247. 

Hudson,  N.  Y.,  70. 

Hyannis,  Mass.,  122. 

Hyde  Park,  N.  Y.,  67. 


INDEX. 


ri 


I. 

Indiana,  Pa.,  200. 

India  (to),  273. 

INDIANOPOLIS,  Ind.,  205a.  218, 
223. 

lone  City.  Cal.,  274. 

Jowa  City,  Iowa,  263. 

Island  Pond,  127,  251,  2.53,  255. 

Isle  of  Slioals,  N.  H.,  125. 

Iron  Mountain,  Mo.,  221. 

Ironton,  Mo  , 221. 

Irvineton,  Pa.,  230. 

Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  88. 

J. 

Jackson,  Cal , 274. 
dackson,  Mich.,  235. 

Jackson,  Miss.,  194. 

Jacksonville,  111.,  224.  ' 

Jamaica,  L.  I.,  61. 

Jamesburg,  N.  J.,  149. 

Jamestown  (ruins),  Va.,  160. 
Janesville,  Wis.,  215,  237. 

Japan  (to),  273. 

Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  223. 
Jeffersonville,  Ind  , 21,8 
Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  144, 197. 
Jolinsonville,  Tenn.,  220. 
Johnstown,  Pa.,  199. 

Joliet,  111.,  224,  2G2^ 

Jonesville,  Midi.,  227. 

Julesburg,  Iseb.,  269. 

Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  227,  234,  2 35. 
Kauterskill  Falls,  69. 

Kearney  (and  Fort;  Neb.,  209. 
Keene,  N.  H.,  140. 

Keeseville,  N.  Y.,  108. 

Kelton,  Utah,  272. 

Kenosha,  Wis.,  237. 

Kennebunk,  Me.,  125. 

Kensington,  Pa.,  148. 

Keokuk,  Iowa,  239,  261,  262,  264. 
Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  70. 

Kingston,  Can.,  24 3 ^ 257. 
Kingston,  N.  Y.,  67. 

Kingsville,  S.  C.,  191. 

Kitiery,  Maine,  125. 

Knoxville,  Tenn.,  188, 195,  219. 
Komoka,  Can.,  232. 

li. 

Lachine,  Can.,  247. 

Lachine  Rapids^  Can.,  250. 


Lackawaxen,  N.  Y.,  80. 

L I Crosse,  Wis.,  239. 

Lafayette.,  Ind.,  211. 

Lafayette  College,  208. 

Lagrange,  Ky.,  217. 

Lake  Champlain,  99. 

Lake  Uonner,  Cal.,  27^. 

Lake  George,  95. 

Lake  Hopaicong.  60,  228. 

Lake  Maliopac,  60. 

Lake  Memphremagog,  Can.,  121 
138, 140. 

Lake  Pepin,  Minn.,  239. 

Lake  Ponchartrain,  La.,  194. 

Lake  Simcoe,  Can.,  242. 

Lake  St.  Charles,  Can.,  253,  254. 
Lake  St.  Clair,  233. 

Lake  St.  Louis,  Can.,  247. 

Lake  St.  Peter,  Can.,  12S. 

]..ake  Superior,  215,  240. 

Lake  Superior  Copper  Regions, 
240. 

Lake  Superior  Iron  Regions,  240. 
Lake  Tahoe,  Cal.,  276/. 

Lake  Winnepesankie,  125,  129- 
Lake  of  the  Two  Mountains,  Can., 
247. 

Lambertville,  N.  J.,  207. 

Lamokin  Junction,  Pa.,  1G2. 
Lancaster,  Pa.,  160,  197, 

L’Ance  a PEau,  Can.,  255. 
Lanesborough,  N.  Y.,  87. 

Lansing,  Mich.,  235. 
Lansingburgh,  N.  Y.,  71. 

Laporte,  Ind.,  227. 

La  Prairie,  Can.,  100. 

Laramie,  Wyo.,  270. 

La  Salle,  III.,  263. 

Lathrop,  (!al.,  273,  27Ga. 

Laurel,  Md.,  171. 

Lawrence,  Mass.,  122,  124, 13€ 
Lawrenceville,  Pa  , 200. 

Lawton,  Mich.,  236. 

Lazaretto,  The,  Pa.,  162. 

Lebanon,  Pa.,  198,  S.OO* 

Lebanon  Springs,  N.  Y.,  70. 
Leesburg,  Va.,  183. 

Leetonia,  O.,  210. 

Lennoxville,  Can.,  136. 

Le  Roy.  N.  Y.,  77. 

Lewes,  Del.,  163. 

Lewiston,  N.  Y.,  242,  257. 
Lewiston,  Pa.,  199. 

Lexington,  Ky.,  217. 

Lexington,  Va.,  181/. 

Lima,  O.,  211,  227. 

IuN£!OLN,  Neb.,  262. 


INDEX. 


Yii 


L»rslet,  Can.,  251. 

Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  74. 

Little  Rock,  Ark.,  2:i0. 

Littleton,  N.  11.,  102,  139,  140. 
Lock  Haven,  Pa.,  199,  230, 
Lockport,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Logansport,  liid.,  211,  224,  227. 
London,  Can.,  222. 

London,  O.,  203. 

Loner  Braneli,  N.  J.,  &9, 149,  150, 
161. 

LongSanlt  Rapids,  Can.,  240. 
Lookout  Mountain,  196. 

Lorette,  Can.,  253. 

L’Original,  Can.,  246. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  211,  217,  221. 
Loveland,  o.,  204. 

Lowell,  Mass.,  121, 124, 136. 
Lundy’s  Lane,  Can.,  81. 

Lyme,  Cr.,  108. 

Lyme,  E.  A S.,  Ct.,  108. 

Lynn,  Mas3.,^121,  122 
Lynchbiirgli,  Va  , 189^,  195*. 

Lyons,  N.  Y.,  77. 

m. 

Macon,  Ga.,  191. 

Madison,  l4.  J.,  228. 

Madison,  Wis.,  215,  237,  261. 
Major’s,  Gan  , 246. 

Malden,  N,  Y.,  68. 

Malden  (So.) Mass.,  122. 

Mallory  Town,  Can.,  243. 
Mammotli  Cave  of  Kentucky,  218. 
Manassas  Jum^tion,  Va.,  183,  195. 
Manchester,  N.  11.,  124,  137. 
Mankato.  Minn  , 238. 

Mansfield,  Mass.,  ilO. 

Mansfield,  0 , 210. 

Mantua  Junction,  Pa.,  197. 
Mannnkacliunk,  N.  J,,  228,  229. 
Marietta,  (>.,  204. 

Mariposa  Route,  Cal.,  2767{’. 
Marshall,  Iowa,  262. 

Marshall,  Mich.,  235. 

Martinsbnrg,  Va..  189«f. 

Martha’s  Vineyard,  Mass.,  123, 
Marquette,  Lake  .‘Superior,  240. 
Marysville,  Cal.,  270,  273. 

Mason  City,  Iowa,  262,  283. 
Massillon,  O.,  210. 

RlastHope,  N.  Y.,  86. 

McGregor,  Iowa,  238. 

M<iKenzie,  Tenri , 220. 

McPherson  (and  Fort),  Keb.,  269. 
Medford,  Mass.,  la-i. 


Medina,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Memphis  Junction,  Ky..  219. 
IRcmphis,  Tenn.,  194, 196,  219,  220. 
Mendota,  III.,  263. 

Meiidota  Junction,  Minn.,  238. 
Meredith  Village,  N.  H.,  101, 133. 
Meriden,  Ct  , I05-. 

Meridian,  Miss.,  196. 

Merrimac  River  and  Valley,  133. 
Michigan  City.  Mich.,  236. 
Middlehury,  Vt.,  101. 

Middletown,  N.  Y.,  85.  [104,  108. 
Midflhdowu,  (and  Portland),  CL, 
Milford,  Va.,  186. 

Millville,  N.  J.,  150. 

Milton,  Pa.,  229. 

Mil  I boro,  Va  . 189(?. 

Milroy,  Pa.,  199. 

Milwaukic,  Wis.,  215,  237,  239, 
261. 

Mineral  Point,  Mo,,  221. 

Mingo  .function,  O.,  202. 
Minneapolis,  Minn.,  238. 
Minnehaha,  ]\Iin..  238. 

Mississ'ppi,  Mouths  of,  194. 
Missouri  Valley  Junction,  Iowa, 
262. 

Mobile,  Ala-.,  19^3, 196. 

Modesta,  Cal.,  275. 

Mohawk  Valley,  N.  Y.,  73. 
Mokclnmne  Hill,  Cal.,  2T6/1;. 
MonmoiUh  Junction,  N.  J..  149. 
Monocacy  (and  Vaiiey),  Md.,  170. 
Monroeville,  O.,  227. 

Monson,  Mass.,  139. 

Monterey,  Cal,  273. 

MONTGoilEKT,  Ala.,  191,  19S, 
220. 

Moiiticello,  Va.,  183. 

Montmorcncl  Falls  of.  Can.,  253. 
lilontpelier,  Vt.,  140. 

Montreal.  Can.,  138,  242,  243, 
244,  245,  247,  253.  255,  257. 
Moosehead  l^ake,  127. 

Moreau  Station,  N.  V.,  95. 
Morrison,  III,  261. 

Morristown,  N.  J.,  60,  228o 
Morrow,  O.,  204. 

Moscow,  Iowa,  263. 

Mound  City,  III,  220. 

Mount  Holly,  N.  J.,  160, 

Jilount  Hope,  R.  I.,  113, 114. 

Mt.  Joy,  Pa.,  108 

Mt.  Lafayette,  N.  II.,  141, 143. 

Mt.  Mansfield,  Vt.,  100. 

Mountain  of  Rigaud,  The,  Cau., 
246. 


xili 


INDEX, 


Mount  Vernon,  Va.,  184 9 185. 

Mount  Washington,  N.  H.,  131, 
132. 

Mount  Webster,  N.  II.,  133. 

Mount  Willard,  N.  II.,  133. 

Murray  Bay,  Can.,  254. 

Muscatine,  Iowa,  263. 

Mystic,  Ct.,  109. 

N. 

Kaliant,  Mass,  121. 

Napanee,  Can.,  243. 

Narrowsburg,  N.  Y.,  86. 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  191,  219. 

Nashua,  Mass.,  122, 124. 

Natick,  Mass.,  107. 

Natural  Bridge,  Va.,  18^,  195, 

Nauvoo,  111.,  239. 

Nebraska  City,  Neb.,  262. 

Nevada,  Cal , 270. 

New  Alraaden  Mines,  Cal.,  273. 

Newark,  N.  J.,  59,  1 44,  197,  228. 

Newark,  O.,  202. 

New  Baltimore,  N.  Y.,  70. 

New  Bedlord,  Mass.,  122. 

New  Brighton,  8. 1.,  69. 

New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  146, 
197. 

New  Buffalo,  Mich.,  236. 

Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  67. 

Newburyport,  Mass.,  124. 

Newcastle  (and  Junction),  Del., 
163. 

Newcastle,  Pa.,  210. 

New  Durham,  N.  H.,  129. 

New  Haven,  Ct.,  104, 107. 

New  Li.sbon,  0 , 210. 

New  London,  Ct.,  108,  114,  136, 
139. 

Newmarket  Junction,  N.  n.,  125. 

Newmarket,  N.  II.,  125. 

New  Orleans,  La.,  192j  196. 
223,  239. 

Newport,  Ky  .,  204. 

Newport,  R.  I.,  111. 

Newport,  Vt.,  138, 140. 

Newton,  N J.,  228. 

New  Yofk  City,  4*2— Harbor,  43 
— Stt  eets.  47  — Museums,  48— 
Libraries,  48— Public  Galleries, 
48— Educational  Institutions,  49 
— Monuments,  60— Antiquities, 
.50— Churches,  61— Public  Build- 
ings,52— Commercial  Biiilding.s, 
63— Private  Dwellings, 54— Hotel 
Buildings  (Hoteis),54— Theatres, 


65— Churches  for  Service,  66-— 
Public  Grounds,  57 — Ferries,  57 
-Street-Car  Routes.  68— Cen- 
tral Park,  60— Prospect  Park, 
61  — Greenwood,  61a  — Exclu- 
sions, 616  to  61/. 

Niagara  Falls,  77,  78  , 242. 
Niagara  (Village),  N.  Y..  257. 
Niles,  Cal.,  273. 

Niles,  Mich.,  236. 

Norfolk,  Va.,  163  168. 

Norristown,  Pa.,  160. 

North  Adams,  Mass.,  140. 

North  Bend,  Neb.,  268. 

North  Platte,  Neb.,  269. 

Norwalk,  Ct.,  103. 

Norwich,  Ct.,  114,  136, 139. 

O. 

Oak  Hill,  N.  Y..  68. 

Oakland,  Cal,  273,  276a. 

Oakville,  Can.,  241. 

Oberlin,  O.,  227. 

Ogallala,  Neb,  269. 

Ogden,  Utah,  272,  275. 
Ogdensburgh,  N.  Y.,  76,  244,  245 
258 

Oil’city,  Pa.,  201,  230. 

Oil  Regions,  Pa.,  89,  201,  226,  236. 
Old  Mau  of  the  Mountain,  N.  H., 
141. 

Old  Point  Comfort,  Va  , 169. 
Oleopolis,  Pa.,  230. 

Omaha,  Neb.,  216,  223,  262,  2 6 5^ 
273. 

Ontonagon,  Lake  Superior,  240. 
Orange  Court  House,  Va.,  183. 
Orange,  N.  J.,  228. 

Oregon  City,  Oregon,  273. 

Orient,  L.  I.,  61. 

Orleans,  Island  of,  Can.,  254. 
Oroville,  Cal.,  273. 

Orville,  O.,  210. 

Osino,  Nev.,  272. 

Oswego.  N.  Y.,  76. 

Otsego  Lake,  N.  Y.,  74, 

Ottawa,  Can.,  243,  24  4,  250,  25«. 
Ottumwa,  Iowa,  262.  264. 

Overlook  Mountain  House,  67. 
Owatona,  Minn.,  233. 

Owego,  N.  Y.,  88. 

P. 

Paducah  (aud  Junction),  Ky.,  220 
PainesYille,  Pa.  226. 


INDEX. 


ix 


Palatine  Bridge,  N.  Y.,  74. 

palisade,  Nev.,  272. 

Palisades,  the  Hudson,  63. 

Palmer,  Mass.,  106, 139. 

Palmyra,  N.  Y.,  77. 

Panama,  Cent,  Amer.,  273. 

Paradise,  Idaho,  269. 

Paris,  Can.,  232. 

Parma,  Mich.,  235. 

Passaic  Falls.  59,  84. 

Paterson,  N.  J.,  58,  83. 

“awtucket,  R.  1.,  110. 

Peaks  ot  Otter,  Va.,  195. 

Pekin,  111.,  224. 

Pemberton,  N.  J..  150. 

Pensacola,  Fla.,  192. 

Peoria,  111.,  211,  224,  2G3. 

Pequop.  Nev,,272. 

Percy,  AVyo.,  270. 

Perth  Aniboy,  N.  J.,  149. 

Peterboro,  Can.,  243. 

Petersburg,  Ya..'  189. 

Petrolia,  Can.,  232. 

pHTLAOELPHi.i,  Pa.,  1 5 l-Strects, 
152— Public  Buildings,  153— An- 
tiquities, 154— Public  Ground'^, 
155— Fairmount.  165  — centen- 
nial Grounds,  156  — Ch  relies, 
159  — Librar  ies.  160  — Theatres, 
etc.,  160— Hotels,  16i— Route-' to 
Places  of  Interest,  161— Excur- 
sions, 161(Z— Navy  Yard,  I61*i— 
Arsenals,  161g?  — Laurel  Hill 
Cemetery,  16ic^— ThelVissahick- 
on,  161e— Germantown,  16i<?— 
Valley  Forge,  <%c.,  161/— Longer 
Excursions,  \Q\q. 

Philipsburg.  N.  J.,  207. 

■pictou,  N.  S.,  260. 

Pictured  Rocks,  Lake  Superior, 
240. 

Piermont,  N.  Y.,  63. 

Pike’s  Peak,  Col.,  266. 

Pilot  Knob.,  Mo.,  221. 

Pine  Bluffs,  Neb.,  270. 

Pinkham  Notch,  N.  H.,  131. 

Piihole  (and  Creek)  Pa.,  230. 

Pittsburg,  Pa.,  170,  200,  202, 
226,  262. 

Pittsfield,  Mass.,  139. 

Pi’tston,  Pa.,  208,  229. 

Placerville,  Cal.,  270. 

Plainfield,  Ct  .115. 

Plainfield. N.  J.,  206. 

Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  99. 

Plum  Creek,  Neb.,  269, 

Plymouth,  Ind.,  211. 


Plymouth,  Mass.,  122. 

Plymouth,  N.  II..  138. 

Plymouth,  Wis.,  238. 

Pointe-aux- Anglais,  Can.,  247, 
Point  Levi,  Can.,  128,  251,  254. 
Point  of  Rocks,  McL,  170,  189. 
Point  St.  Charles,  Can.,  249,  250. 
Pollard,  Ala.,  192. 

Pond  Creek,  111.,  263. 

Portage  City.  Wis  , 237. 

Portage.  N.  Y.,  89. 

Port  Deposit,  Md.,  162. 

Port  Hope,  Can.,  242. 

Port  Huron,  Mich.,  234. 

Port  Jervis,  N.  Y.,  85. 

Portland,  Me.,  102,  126.  250, 
251,  253,  255. 

Portland,  Oregon,  268,  273. 

Port  Sarnia,  Can  . 232. 
Portsmouth,  N.  II.,  125, 137. 
Portsmouth,  Va.,  (Naval  Depot), 
169. 

Port  Stanley,  Can..  232. 

Potomac  Falls,  U.  C.,  183. 

Potosi,  Mo.,  221. 

Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  67. 

Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis.,  215,  238, 
239. 

Prescott,  Can.,  243,  245,  258. 
Princeton,  N.  .7.,  147. 

Profile  House,  N.  U.,  134, 139,  140, 
141. 

Promontory  Point,  Utah,  272. 
Providence,  R.  L,  109, 115. 
Put-in-Bay  Islands,  (Lake  Erie), 
234. 

Putnam,  Ct.,  115. 

Q. 

Quebec,  Can.,  128, 138,  250,  J851, 
255,  256. 

Queenstoii,  Can.,  81,  257. 

Quincy,  111  , 224,  263 

R. 

Racine,  Wis.,  237. 

Rahway,  N.  J.,  140,  197. 
Raleigh,  N.  C.,  189. 

Ramapo  Gap  and  Valley,  N.  J., 
85. 

Ramsey,  Minn.,  238. 

Reading,  Mass..  124. 

Reading,  Pa.,  197,  198,  208,  209, 
229. 

Readville,  Mass.,  110. 


X 


INDEX. 


Eed  Bank,  K.  J.,  59. 

Ked  Wing^  Minn.,  239. 

IJeno,  Xev.,  273. 

Keiiova,  Pa.,  230. 

Rliinebeck,  Y.,  67. 

Bice  Lake,  Can.,  2J3. 

Bichmond,  Can.,  128,  251,  253,  255. 

Bichmond,  O.,  204. 

Bichmond,  Ya.,  169,  183,  186, 
205.  ’ 

Bidean  Falls,  Can.,  244,  245. 

Bidgeway  Junction.  IS".  C.,  180. 

Biviere  du  Loup,  Can.,  128,  251, 
253,  254,  256. 

Bochester,  N.  H.,  125,  129. 

Bochester,  Y.,  77. 

Bochester,  Pa.,  202,  210. 

Bockaway,  J. , 228. 

Bockbridge  Springs  and  Baths, 
Ya.,  189e,  189/. 

Bock  Island, 111  ,225, 239,261,263. 

Bockland  Lake.  63. 

Borne,  N.  Y.,  76. 

Bondout,  N.  Y.,  67. 

Bouse’s  Point,  Yt.,  100,  140, 
244,  250. 

Boutes : 

No.  1. — Northern.  New  York  to 
YTest  Point,  Catskill,  Albany, 
Troy,  IJtica,  Trenton  Falls,  Ro- 
chester and  Niagara  Falls— 62 
to  82. 

No.  2.— Northern.  New  York  to 
Paterson,  Upper  Delaware,  Up- 
per Susqueh^inna,  Binghamton, 
Elmira,  Buffalo  and  Niagara 
Falls  (Erie  Railway)— 83  to  90. 

No.  3 — Northern.  New  York  to 
Albany,  Saratoga,  Lake  George, 
Adirondack  Mountains,  Lake 
Champlain,  Yermont  cities,  and 
Montreal — 91  to  103. 

No.  4.— Eastern.  New  York  to 
New  Haven,  Hartford,  Spring- 
field,  Providence,  ^ Newport, 
New  London,  Stonington  and 
Boston  (options) — 103  to  123. 

No.  5 — ‘Eastern.  Boston  to  Ports- 
mouth, Portland,  White  Moun- 
tains, Quebec,  or  Montreal— 124 
to  128. 

No.  6 —Northern  and  Eastern. 
Boston  to  Lake  Winnepesaukie, 
White  Mountains,  Portland  and 
Canadian  cities — 129  to  135. 

7. — Northern  and  Eastern. 
New  York  to  New  London, 
Norwich,  Worcester,  New 
Hampshire  cities,  Lake  Win- 


nepesaukie and  theWhiteMoun- 
tains— 136  to  143. 

No.  8. — Near  Western  New  York 
to  New  Jersey  cities  and  Phila- 
delphia—144  to  161. 

No.  9. — Western  and  Southern. 
Philadelphia  to  Wilm’n  (Del.), 
Balt.,  Wash’n  and  llichm’d — 162 
to  188. 

No.  9>^. — Special  Yirginian.  Balt, 
or  Wash’n  to  Yirginia  Springs, 
Mountains,  &c.,  to  Lynchburg 
and  Richm’d— 189  to  1*89^. 

No.  9^. — Western  and  South- 
Western.  Wash’n  or  Balt,  to 
Cumberland,  Graft’n  andVYheel- 
ing  and  Chicago  and  St.  Louis. 

No.  10. — South-Western,  Richm  d 
to  Raleigh,  Wilm’n  (N.  C.), 
Charleston,  Atlanta,  Wontg, 
Mobile  and  N.  O — 189i  to  194. 

No.  11.— South-Western.  Rich- 

mond to  Lynchburg,  Knoxville, 
Chattanooga,  Mobile  and  Rew 
Orleans— 195  to  196. 

No.  11^2. — Southern.  Bichmrnd 
to  Charleston  or  Savannah,  and 
to  Jacksonville,  St.  Augustino 
and  Florida  Resorts — 196a,  1966. 

No.  12. — Western.  New  York  or 
Philadelphia  to  Harrisburg, 
Pittsburg.  Wheeling, Columbus, 
Cincinnati,  St.  Louis  or  Chica- 
go, (Penn.  R.R.)  197  to  205. 

No  ,13.— Western.  New  York  to 
Plainfield,  Somerville,  Easton, 
Allentown,  Harrisburg,  Pitts- 
burg, Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago, 
(Allentown  Route) — 206  to  216. 

No,  14. — Western.  Cincinnati  to 
Louisville,  Mammoth  Cave  of 
Ky.,  Nashville,  CaTo,  St.  Louis, 
and  Chicago— 217  to  225. 

No.  15. — Noithern  and  Western. 
Buffalo  to  Erie,  Cleveland,  To- 
ledo and  other  Ohio  cities,  Cin- 
cinnati or  Chicago — 226  to  227. 

No.  16. — Northern.  New  York  or 
Phila.  to  Dover,  Morristown, 
Del.  Water-Gap,  Coal,  Lumber 
and  Oil  Regions,  &c., — 228  to  230. 

No.  17.— Canadian  and  Western. 
Niagara  Falls  to  St.  Catherine’s, 
Hamilton,  Paris,  Loudon,  Cana- 
da, Oil  Regions,  Detroit,  Ann 
Arbor,  Kalamazoo  and  Chica- 
go—231  to  236. 

No.  18.— North-Western,  Chicago 
to  Racine,  Milwaukee,  Madison, 


INDEX, 


'll 


I^TAlrie  du  Cliien,  St.  Paul,  and 
Falls  ol  Minncliaha  and  St.  An- 
thony, (with  optional  return  by 
the  Mississippi  or  Lake  Supe- 
rior)—237  to  240. 

No.  19.— Canadian.  Niajrara  Falls 
to  St.  Catherine’s,  Hamilton, 
Toronto,  Kiii'rston,  Prescott, 
Ottawa,  Montreal,  Quebec  and 
the  Saguenay  Fiver— 241  to  206. 

No.  20.— Canadian.  Niagara  Falls 
to  Toronto,  Kingston,  Thousand 
Islands.  Kapids  of  the  St.  Law- 
rence, Montreal  and  Quebec,  by 
steamers  : and  to  Halifax,  St. 
John,  Fredericton,  Windsor, 
Sidney,  Shedlac,  Charlotte- 
Town,  Pictou  and  Bathurst.-— 
257  to  2(;o. 

No.  21.— Far  Western.  Chicago  to 
Connell  Bluffs,  Omaha,  Chey- 
enne, Ogden  Sail  Lake  City,  Sa- 
cramento, San  Francisco,  the 
Big  Trees,  Yosemite  Valley,  &c. 
—261  to  276;. 

Rupert,  Pa..  229. 

Rutland,  Vt..  101,  140. 

Rye  Beach,  N.  11.,  125. 


S. 

Sacramento,  Cal.,  273,  276a. 

S^aginaw,  Mich.,  234. 

Saguenay  River,  Can.,  255. 

Salamanca,  Pa.,  89,  226,  230. 

Salem,  Mass.,  122. 

Salem,  O.,  210. 

Salisbury,  Md.,  163. 

Salmon  Falls,  N.  H.,  125. 

Salmon-Trout  Lake,  Can.,  243. 

Salt  Lake  city,  Utah,  216,  223, 
275,  2'7Gd. 

San  Antonio,  Cal , 273. 

Sandusky,  O.,  202,  205,  210,  227. 

Sandwich  Islands,  273. 

Sandy  Hook,  59. 

San  Francisco,  Cab,  273,  27 Ca. 
—Streets,  2766.— Public  Build- 
ings, 2766.— Churches,  2766.— 
Theatres,  2766.— Hotels,  2766. — 
Kxcuisions,  276c — Lone  Moun- 
tain cenieiery,  276c  —Cliff  House 
276c.— Mission  Dolores,  276c.— 
Presidio  and  Fort  Point,  276c.— 
Longer  Excursions,  276c. 

San  Jose,  Cal.,  273,  276a. 


San  Luis,  Cal.,  2T3. 

San  Quentin,  Cal.,  273. 

Santa  Barbara,  (>al.,  273, 

Santa  I'e,  New  Mex.,  266. 

Saranac  Lakes,  N.  Y..  loo. 
Saratoga  Springs,  91,  92,  140. 
Saucclito.  Cal.,  273. 

Sault  St.  Marie.  240. 

Savage,  Md..  171. 

Savannah,  Ga.,  190. 

Saybrook  (and  J auction),  Ct.,  103. 
Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  74. 

Schooley’s  Mountain.N.J., 60,228. 
Schroon  Lake,  N.  Y.,  96 
Schuyler,  Neb.,  269, 

Scranton.  Pa.,  207,  208,  229. 
Seconnet  (Point),  R.  I.,  112. 
Sexton's  Junction,  Va  , 186. 
Sharon  Springs  (route  to).  74. 
Shasta  (and  Butte),  Cal.,  273. 
Shawangunk  Mt.,  N.  Y.,  85. 
Shediac,  N.  B.,  259. 

Shelbyville,  Ky.,  217. 

Sherbrooke.  Can.,  127. 

Sherman,  Wyo.,  270. 

Shohoia,  N.  Y.,  86. 

Sidney,  C.  B.,  259. 

Sidney,  Neb.,  270. 

Silver  City,  Idaho,  269. 

Sing  Sing,  N.  Y.,  63. 

Sioux  City,  Iowa,  262,  264. 
Skowhegan,  Me.,  127. 

Sloatsburg,  N.  Y.,  85. 

South  Amboy,  N.  J .,  149. 

South  Bend,  Ind.,  227,  235. 

South  Berwick  Junction,  Me.,  125. 
South  Pass,  Wyo.,  267. 

South  Reading  (Junction),  Mass., 
124. 

South  Trenton,  N.  Y.,  75. 

South  Vernon,  Vt.,  140. 
Somerville,  Mass.,  122. 

Somerville,  N.  J.,  207. 

Sonora.  Cal..  274. 

Sparta.  Ky.,  217. 

Spotswood,  N.  J.,  149. 
Springfield,  111.,  224,  227,  261, 
263. 

Springfield,  Mass.,  106. 
Springfield,  0.,  from  Xenia,  203. 
Staflbrd,  Ct.,  139. 

St.  Albans,  Vt.,  101,  244. 
Stamford,  Ct.,  103. 

Stanhope,  N.  J.,  228. 

St.  Anne’s,  Can.,  247,  264. 
Staunton,  Va..  lS9d. 

Stanstead,  Can.,  127. 


xii 


INDEX. 


St.  Anthony  (and  Falls  of),  Minn., 
215,  239. 

StaiTUca  Viaduct,  N.  Y.,  87. 
Staten  Island,  69. 

Staunton,  Va.,  186,  195. 

St.  Catharine's,  Can.,  231,  241. 
St.  Clair  River  and  Lake,  240. 

St.  Cloud.  Minn.,  239. 
Steubenville,  0.,  202,  210. 
Stevenson,  Ala , 219. 

St.  Grej^oire,  Can..  251. 

St.  Hyacinthe,  St.  Brune,  St. 
Hilaire,  St.  Lambert,  Can.,  128, 
250. 

St.  John,  Can..  100. 

St.  John,  N.  B.,  259. 

St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  223,  262,  264. 

St.  Lawrence  Rapids,  258. 

St.  Lawrence  River,  258. 

ST.  Louis,  Mo.,  194,  201,  205,  216, 
220,  22 1 , 227,  239,  261,  263. 

St.  Mary's,  Can.,  232. 

St.  Mary’s.  Wyo  . 270. 

Stbckton,  Cal  , 273,  2 76«,  276/^. 
Stoniiigton,  Ct..  109, 116. 

Stony  Point,  N.  Y.,  63. 

St.  Paul  Junction,  Minn,  238. 

ST.  Paul,  Minn.,  215,  238,  262. 
St.  Peter,  Minn.,  238,  239. 
Strasburg,  Va.,  183.  189j. 
Stroudsburg,  Pa.,  229. 

St.  Thomas,  Can.,  254. 

Sturgis,  Mich.,  227. 

Stuyvesant,  N.  V.,  70. 

Sufferu’s,  N.  J , 84. 

Summit  Station,  Cal.,  273. 
Summit,  Va.,  183. 

Sunbury,  Pa.,  199. 

Susquehanna.  N.  Y.,  87. 
Swampscott.  Mass.,  122. 
Sweetwater  Mining  Region,  Wyo., 
267. 

Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  76. 


Tideoute,  Pa.,  230. 

Titusville,  Pa.,  230. 

Tiverton,  R,  I..  114. 

Toano,  Nev.,  272. 

Toledo,  O.,  203,  205,  210,  211,  219. 

227,  235,  240. 

Toiiand,  Ct.,  139. 

Topeka,  Kas  , 223,  264,  276n. 
Toronto  Can.,  232,  241,  24J 
250,  257. 

Townsend,  Md.,  163. 

Tow'sontown,  Md.,  168. 

Trenton,  Can.,  243. 

Trenton  Falls.  75. 

Trenton,  N.  J.,  147,  150, 197. 
Troy,  N.  Y.,  71. 

Truckee.  Cal.,  273,  276. 

Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  196. 

Tyrone,  Pa.,  199. 


U. 


Uintah,  Utah,  271. 

Union  City,  Tenn.,  220. 

Union  College  (Schenectady, 


Y),  74. 

Unionville,  N.  H.,  129. 
University  of  Virginia,  183. 
Urbana.  0.,  from  Xenia,  203. 
Utica,  N.  Y.,  74. 


K. 


V. 

Valparaiso,  111.,  211.' 

Vandalia,  Ind.,  2056,  225. 
Venango.,  Pa,  201. 

Victoria  Bridge,  Can.,  249,  250. 
Vincennes,  Ind.,  205,  220. 
Vineland,  N.  J„  160. 

Virginia  City,  Nev.,  269. 
Virginia,  Nev.  268. 

Visalia,  Cal.,  273. 

Vallejo,  CaL,  276a,  276fc. 


T. 

Tadoussac,  Can.,  255. 
Tallahassee,  Fla.  190. 

Tarry!  own,  N.  Y.,  63. 

Terre  llautp,  Ind.,  205a. 

Thorold  Can.,  231,  241 
Thousand  Islands  (and  Lake),  St 
Lawrence  River,  258. 

Three  Rivers,  Can.,  128,  251. 
Throg’s  Neck.  N.  Y.,  111. 

Thurso,  Can.,  240. 

Ticonderoga,  N.  Y.,  98. 


W* 

Wadsworth,  Nev.,  273. 

Walla  Walla,  Oregon,  268. 
Wallingford,  Ct.,  105. 

Walton,  Ky.,  217. 

Wanatah,  Ind.,  211. 

Warrenton  (and  Junction),  Ta., 
183. 

Warsaw,  Ind..  211,  224. 

Wasatch,  Utah,  271. 

Washington,  D.  0.,  1 72  9201-Lo* 
cation,  172,  173-The  CapltoH^. 


INDEX, 


xiii 


174— President’s  House,  178, 
—Patent  Office,  178  — Depart- 
ments, 178,  179— Smithsonian 
Institute,  180— Public  Grounds, 

180—  Cliurclies,  181  — Theatres, 

181—  Hotels,  181— Excursions, 
181— Soldiers’  Home.  181— Navy 
Yard.  181— Congressional  Cem- 
etery. 181— Longer  Excursions, 
181, 182. 

Washington  Junction,  D.  C.,  171. 
Washington,  Iowa,  263. 
Washington  (Junction).  N.  J.,  228. 
Washington,  N.  J.  149. 

Washoe,  Nev.,  269. 

Waterford.  Ct.,  108. 

Waterloo.  Iowa,  261. 

Waterloo,  Ind.,  211. 

Waterloo,  N.  J.,  228. 

Watertown,  N.  Y.,  76,  243. 
Watkins  Glen,  N.  Y.,  88a. 
Waukegan,  111.,  237. 

Waverley,  Tenn.,  220. 
Waynesburg,  Pa.,  197. 

Weber  Canon,  (and  Station  and 
River),  Utah,  271. 

Webster,  Mass.,  115. 

Weir’s  Landing.  N.  H.,  137. 
Weldon,  N.  C..  188. 

Wells  (and  Humboldt  W.)  Nev., 
272 

Wells,  Me.,  125. 

Wells  River,  Vt.,  101,  138,  140. 
Wenona,  Mich.,  234. 

Westerley,  11. 1.,  109. 

West  Island.  R.  I.,  112. 

West  Liberty,  Iowa,  263. 

West  Newton,  Mass.,  107. 

West  Point.  N.  Y.,  61,  62,  65., 
West  Scarboro,  Me.,  125. 

Weyer’s  Cave,  Va..  189<?,  189g?. 
Wethersfield,  Ct.,  105. 

Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  201,  210,  227. 
Whitehall,  N.  Y.,  101, 140. 

White  House,  Va.,  188. 

White  Mountain  House,  N.  H., 
134. 

White  Mountains,  125,  127,  130  to 
133, 137,  141  to  143. 

White  Oak  Bottom,  Md.,  171. 
White  Pigeon,  Mich.,  227. 

White  Pine,  Nev.,  268. 

White  River  Junction,  Vt.,  102, 
138.  140. 

White  Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  184, 
186,  18 9«,  195. 

Wickford,  R.  I.,  109. 


Wilcox,  Pa.,  230. 

Wilkesbarre,  Pa.,  229. 

Willey  House,  N.  U.,133. 
William-and-Mary  College,  Va., 
from  Richmoud,  186. 

William’s  Bridge,  N.  Y.,  103. 
Williamsburg,  Va.,  from  Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Williamsport,  Pa.,  198,  229. 
Willimantic,  Ct,.  139. 

W’^ilmington,  Del.,  ICS^  197. 
Wilmington  Junction,  Mass.,  124. 
Wilmington,  N.  C.,  188,  189. 
Wilton,  Iowa,  263. 

Winchester,  Va.,  183,  lS9d, 
Windsor  (and  Locks),  Ct.,  105. 
Windsor,  Can.,  233. 

Windsor,  N.  S.,  259. 

Windsor,  Vt.,  140. 

Winnemucca,  Nev.,  272. 

Wollboro,  N.  H.,  129, 138. 
Worcester,  Mass.,  106*.  115, 
136. 

Wyandotte,  Kas , 264. 

Wyoming,  Nev.,  269. 

X. 

Xenia,  0.,  203. 

Y* 

Yale  College,  104. 

Yarmouth  Junction,  N.  H.,  102, 
127. 

Yarmouth,  Mass.,  122. 

Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  63. 

York,  Pa.,  198. 

Yorktown,  Va.,  from  Richmond, 
186. 

Yo  Semite  Valley,  Cal.,  276<x,  276i 
Ypsilauti,  Mich.,  234. 

Z* 

ZanesviUe,  O.,  202,  210,  227. 


The  Sho[t-I[ip  Guide  to  Ameiica, 


eOST  AND  TIME  OF  SHORT  AMERICAN  TRIPS. 

Several  important  questions  are  involved,  with 
Europeans,  and  especially  with  Englishmen,  in  the 
calculations  preceding  a trip  to  America:  so  that 
Whether  to  go  ? precedes  the  corresponding  queries, 
How  to  go  f and  Where  to  go  f The  distance  is 
known  to  be  great,  between  the  Old  and  New 
Worlds,  though  it  is  really  only  about  one-eighth  of 
that  around  the  globe. 

With  many  men  Time  is  the  great  object,  and 
the  want  of  it  the  great  hindrance ; though  they 
may  annually  spend  quite  as  much  of  it  as  would 
be  necessary  for  a Summer  tour  across  the  Atlantic, 
in  lingering  about  home  watering-places  and  sea- 
shore resorts,  re-visiting  the  often-seen  Lake  Coun- 
try, the  Welsh,  Irish  and  Scottish  Mountains,  etc., 
or  repeating  old  experiences  on  the  Rhine,  among 
the  Swiss  Alps  or  the  Pyrenees.  This,  too,  at  a time 
when  the  great  Continent  of  the  W^est  has  been  made 
so  much  more  broadly  accessible,  and  so  much  more 
closely  linked  to  that  of  Europe,  by  the  Pacific  Rail- 
road, the  Atlantic  Cable,  and  other  enterprises — 
when  the  late  great  civil  war  in  the  United  States 


a 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE 


has  necessarily  left  many  fields  worth  visiting  and 
relics  worth  gathering — and  when  steam-transit 
between  the  two  Continents  has  become  so  rapid 
and  reliable  that  the  ocean-passage  is  little  more 
than  that  of  a ferry.  This  false  idea  of  Time  is,  as 
already  said,  the  bugbear  which  hinders  many  of 
those  who  have  comparatively -liberal  means  and  a 
fair  proportion  of  leisure;  but  with  a far  greater 
number  of  those  who  love  Nature  in  her  varying 
moods  and  wide  differences,  and  who  desire  to  see 
the  different  peoples  of  the  world,  at  liome^ — Money 
is  the  anxiety,  the  want  of  it  the  hindrance,  and  the 
belief  that  a mint  is  necessary  for  anything  in  the 
shape  of  transatlantic  travel,  the  great  bugbear  which 
confines  them  to  one  continent. 

A large  proportion  of  this  is  a mistake,  originally 
induced  by  want  of  intelligent  inquiry,  and  material- 
ly added  to  by  the  exaggerations,  not  to  call  them 
falsehoods,  of  some  of  those  who  have  been  over  the 
desired  routes.  While  going  to  America’^  was 
principally  confined  to  the  wealthy  few  or  those 
driven  by  business  demands,  it  was  at  once  an  easy 
and  a tempting  thing  to  do,  to  add  to  the  supposed 
importance  of  what  had' been  done,  by  overstating 
the  cost  as  v/ell  as  enlarging  on  the  personal  adven- 
^ture  and  peril ; and,  truth  to  say,  the  habit  has  not  yet 
quite  died  out,  now,  when  the  many  follow  in  the  track 
of  the  few  and  detection  is  so  much  easier.  Many  a 
man,  of  quite  the  average  integrity,  but  who  supplies 
(as  he  believes)  the  center  at  home  of  an  admiring 


COST  AND  TIME  OF  TRIPS. 


9 


circle,  not  many  members  of  wbicli  are  likely  to  fol- 
low him  abroad — cannot  resist  the  temptation  to 
show,  when  he  returns,  that  he  has  been  doing,  in 
the  way  of  cost,  what  they  had  better  not  attempt  if 
they  do  not  wish  to  fail  miserably  ; and  it  is  just 
possible  that  there  have  been  members  of  the  oppo- 
site sex,  guilty  of  adding  to  the  misunderstanding 
by  corresponding  exaggerations  of  their  own  eleva- 
tion above  the  untraveled,  and,  consequently,  the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers  tel  ''  travelers’  stories,”  in  a pecuniary 
as  well  as  an  adventurous  point  of  view:  that  is  the 
truth,  briefly  stated;  and  those  stories  frighten  away 
many  who  would  else  enlarge  their  knowledge  of 
life  by  seeing  other  continents  than  their  own. 

Now  it  is  the  fact  that  the  European  can  spend 
much  money  in  America,  within  a very  brief  period 
and  without  going  over  any  wonderful  space,  if  he 
will;  just  as  in  travels  on  the  Continent,  years  ago, 
the  average  Englishman  spent  twice  as  much,  under 
the  same  circumstances,  as  any  man  of  any  other 
nation,  creating  in  different  minds  the  impression 
of  his  being  a prince  ” and  a fool  ” — until  the 
American  became  flrst  his  rival  and  then  his  ad- 
mitted superior,  in  the  detail  of  lavish  and  tasteless 
expenditure,  and  the  Englishman  who  made  any 
pretensions  to  common  sense,  taking  a lesson  from 
the  example,  comparatively  abandoned  the  field  of 
extravagance.  The  lavish  and  the  reckless  may  still 
pave  their  very  way  with  gold,  if  they  will — as  evi- 


10 


BEOEl^TBIF  GUIDE. 


denced  by  the  fact  that  a certain  well-known  Eng- 
lishman, spending  less  than  three  months  in  the 
United  States,  drew  upon  his  London  bankers 
during  his  absence,  for  nearly  i£3,000  : the  expend- 
iture all  the  more  notable,  because  the  tourist,  a 
markedly  free  liver  and  entertainer,  made  no  pur^ 
chases  of  consequence  for  preservation,  did  not  play, 
and  never  indulged  in  what  are  called  the  costly 
vices.’^  Others  have  followed,  in  different  approxi- 
mations, ranging  between  i£300  and  i£800  the  month 
of  absence;  though  it  is  to  the  credit  of  the  national 
wisdom,  to  say  that  these  instances  of  what  must  be 
considered  wasteful  expenditure  for  any  one  not  in 
possession  of  a princely  patrimony  or  a great  bank- 
ing-house, are  somewhat  rare. 

So  much  for  what  may  be  spent  in  very  brief 
tours,  by  those  who  can  afford  plenty  of  money,  or 
think  that  they  can  do  so  : now  for  what  may  be 
saved,  or  rather  for  the  question  upon  how  little 
these  brief  tours  may  really  be  made,  without  dis- 
comfort or  painful  compromise  of  position. 

Even  in  the  steerage,  on  some  of  the  best-appoint- 
ed lines,  passages  may  be  made  with  much  less  dis- 
comfort than  most  stay-at-home  people  suppose;  and 
it  is  not  at  all  certain  that  thousands  of  hardy  per- 
sons, limited  in  means,  who  spend  the  requisite 
amounts  of  time  and  money  on  very  questionable 
home-amusements,  approaching  to  vices,  might  not 
do  well  to  tempt  a little  rugged  life  in  the  forward 
parts  of  the  ships  that  carry  over  their  wealthy 


COST  AND  TIME  OF  TRIPS, 


11 


brothers  in  the  saloon-cabins.  For  on  the  best* 
lines  the  discomforts,  inconveniences  and  unhealth- 
iness of  steerage-passage,  have  all  been  materially 
ameliorated  within  the  past  three  or  four  years  : the 
sleeping  accommodations  on  many  of  them  are  en- 
durable if  no  more  ; the  food  is  almost  always  plen- 
tiful and  generally  excellent;  the  amount  of  amuse- 
ment enjoyed  is  always  greater  than  that  attainable 
by  the  better-lodged  people  at  the  stern  ; and  the 
safety  to  person  is  necessarily  the  same  except  under 
circumstances  of  gross  carelessness. 

Let  us  see,  for  the  benefit  of  those  very  limited 
in  means  and  still  desirous  to  see  a little  fragment 
of  the  New  World — what  would  be  the  absolute  cost 
of  doing  what  emigrants  of  both  sexes  and  all  coun- 
tries very  often  do  for  the  sake  of  spending  a few 
days  with  friends  in  the  places  of  nativity.  Say  that 
six  weeks’  time  is  attainable,  and  let  the  cost  of  that 
six  weeks  be  measured  as  carefully  and  yet  as  liber- 
ally as  possible. 

Steerage  passage  to  New  York,  £6  10s. — return, 
£6  10s.;  total,  £13.  Time  not  on  board  ship,  about 
three  weeks;  board,  for  that  time,  average  of  £1  15s. 
per  week,  £5  5s.  Expenses  of  sight-seeing  about 
New  York,  Boston  and  Philadelphia,  with  convey- 
ance to  each,  during  that  period,  £5.  Occasional 
necessary  conveyance,  the  feet  being  principally 
trusted  to,  £3.  Incidental  expenses,  liberally  cal- 
culated, £4.  Total,  £32.  £10  to  £12  more  would 

enable  the  cheap  tourist  to  visit  Niagara  Falls, 


13 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


greatest  of  American  natural  curiosities,  and  see  at 
least  one  or  two  cities  of  the  Queen’s  dominions  in 
Canada.  Grand  total,  with  that  included,  £42  to 
£45;  with  a certainty  that  any  economical  person, 
in  good  health  and  temper,  could  come  within  the 
smaller  sum  named,  and  even  reduce  it,  without 
other  inconvenience  than  carefully  adhering  to  the 
cheaper  rates  of  conveyance  corresponding  to  that  of 
the  ocean  transit. 

How  many  comparatively-poor  men  are  there  with 
longing  and  hopeless  desires  after  seeing  other  coun- 
tries than  their  own,  who  never  make  any  calcula- 
tion or  effort  to  such  an  end,  and  yet  who  could  and 
would  compass  it  if  they  fairly  understood  the  com- 
parative trifle  for  which  so  much  might  be  enjoyed! 

One  of  the  greatest  of  American  travelers,  Mr. 
Bayard  Taylor,  made  his  first  European  excursion 
under  ch'cumstances  quite  as  illiberal  as  anything 
here  indicated — “did  ” Great  Britain  and  a very  con- 
siderable portion  of  the  Continent  on  foot,  except 
with  rare  instances  of  riding,  and  remained  abroad 
something  like  two  years,  his  whole  expenditure 
being  only  about  |500  (say  £105),  and  the  fortunate 
result  of  his  travel  that  successful  volume  “ Views- 
a-foot;  or,  Europe  seen  with  Knapsack  and  Staff.” 
And  it  is  very  doubtful  whether  in  any  portion  of 
his  later  experience,  in  all  descriptions  of  ti’aveling 
“stati  ,”  up  to  that  of  Secretary  of  Legation  at  St. 
Petersburg,  he  has  ever  enjoyed  his  wanderings  bet- 
ter than  when  making  that  first  essay  as  a poor 


COST  AND  TIME  OF  TRIPS.  13 

boy.  As  a pleasant  pendant  to  which,  the  writer 
recalls  having  met,  not  many  months  ago,  in  the 
streets  of  New  York,  an  English  workman  from 
Sheffield,  spending  a little  of  his  moderate  surplus- 
earnings  in  seeing  what  he  called  a tidy  bit  of  the 
New  World,”  and  one  of  the  most  intelligent  of 
travelers  on  many  subjects  of  interest  and  enquiry 
—whose  expenditure,  as  given  by  himself,  would 
not  reach  within  ten  per  cent,  of  the  figures  above 
given,  while  he  was  healthy,  happy  and  entirely 
comfortable  in  what  his  saving  expenditure  allowed 
him  to  secure  and  enjoy. 

But  the  figures  already  given  represent,  of  course, 
the, minimum  possibility  of  travel  in  any  desirable 
part  of  America,  compatible  with  even  the  decencies 
ef  life,  without  too  many  of  its  comforts;  and,  it  is, 
equally  of  course,  with  that  class  of  people  standing 
midway  between  the  possible  steerage-passenger  and 
'Aie  traveler  en  prince,  that  we  have  next  and  princi- 
pally to  do.  The  most  important  question  of  this 
paper  is  — Vihat  need  he  the  expenses  and  the  time 
consumed  for  a certain  round,  of  a traveler  going 
first-class  and  demanding  all  the  comforts,  and  yet 
ndisposed  to  waste  money  on  costly  luxuries? 

To  answer  that  question,  then,  as  intelligibly  as 
^nay  be  consistent  with  brevity. 

For  six  to  seven  weeks’  absence  from  home,  visit- 
ng  New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore, 
Washington,  one  or  two  of  the  most  noted  water- 
ng-places,  Niagara  Falls,  and  one  or  two  of  the  cities 
>f  Canada — only 


14 


SHOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Ticket  to  New  York  and  return,  £36  to  £60 — say  | 
an  average  of  £48,  for  which  all  necessary  comfort  j 
and  quite  sufficient  “style”  can  be  secured.  Average 
board  of  the  three  weeks  off-ship,  £3  to  £4  per  week 

say  £10  10s.  Traveling  expenses,  railway  and 

carriage  fares,  etc.,  £30.  Maps,  pictures,  curio- 
sities, etc.,  (not  at  all  necessary,  but  inevitable), 
£10.  Incidental  expenses,  for  which  no  name  can 
be  given ; money  to  guides,  beggars,  stewards  and 
servants;  money  lost  and  wasted,  with  an  occasional 
indulgence  in  a luxury,  not  including  costly  wines 
or  “ society,”  gambling  or  other  vices— £15.  Total, 
£113  10s.  £12  to  £15  or  possibly  £18,  may  easily 

be  saved  from  this,  by  a very  careful  person,  leaving 
the  expenditure  about  £100;  and  a person  at  all  the 
reverse  of  careful  may  quite  as  easily  <idd  a corres- 
ponding sum,  making  the  expenditure,  with  no 
greater  amount  of  travel  or  sight-seeing,  £125  to 
£130. 

For  ten  weeks’  absence,  an  estimate  of  £50  addi- 
tional may  safely  be  made,  bringing  the  total  outlay 
up  to  say  £160  10s;  and  this  will  secure,  in  addition 
to  the  round  already  named,  an  extension  of  the 
tour  through  the  "White  and  Green  Mountains  of 
the  north-east,  with  Saratoga,  Lake  George,  and 
Lake  Winnepisaukie;  or  it  wilt  add  the  great  Coal 
Eegions  of  Pennsylvania,  Cincinnati,  and  other 
cit'^s  of  Ohio,  with  Chicago,  and  glimpses  of  the 
Mississippi  and  the  Great  Lakes. 

For  three  nionths’  (thirteen  or  fourteen  weeks) 


COST  AND  TIME  OF  TBIP8. 


15 


absence,  another  £50  may* be  added,  bringing  the* 
amount  up  to  say  ^200  or  £210 \ and  with  this  all 
the  foregoing  may  be  done,  with  the  addition  of  the 
^‘North-West,”  now  found  in  the  States  bordering 
the  Upper  Missouri,  with  the  Lake  Superior  region, 
and  a much  more  extended  visit  to  the  cities  of 
Canada,  and  the  natural  curiosities  of  the  Domin- 
ion; or,  it  will  enable  the  tourist  (if  the  season 
should  be  a proper  one  for  Southern  travel)  to  go 
southward  from  Washington  to  Kichmon^  Charles- 
ton, Savannah  and  New  Orleans,  with  their  inter- 
mediate towns  and  a general  view  of  what  is 
technically  known  in  the  United  States  as  “the 
South.” 

Four  months  will  add  to  this  £50  to  ^GO  of^j  ex- 
penditure, bringing  up  the  outlay  to  £200  or  i£280, 
and  permitting  the  pursuance  of  some  of  the  routes 
named,  more  at  leisure,  as  well  as  the  addition  of 
others  of  the  watering-places,  if  the  visit  is  paid  in 
the  proper  season.  And  within  the  same  time  may 
even  be  managed  a run  over  the  Pacific  Kailroad,  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  San  Francisco,  and  the  great  natural 
curiosities  of  California,  with  a view  of  the  Pacific 
— though  five  months  would  be  a more  rational  cal- 
culation for  the  whole  time  of  absence.  With  the 
California  route  added,  the  expenditure  will  be 
found  materially  increased  from  all  the  previous  cal- 
culations— say  £100  additional  for  that  alone;  the 
amount  necessary  for  the  four-to-five-months  trip, 
with  Pacific  excursion  crowning  it,  being  some- 
where within  the  range  from  £360  to  £380  or  .£400, 


IG 


SEOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


and  half  of  the  continent  travelled  over  in  that  time 
and  at  that  cost. 

At  this  point  the  phrase  ^‘short-trip”  may  be 
said  to  be  exhausted;  for  only  people  of  liberal 
means  and  abundant  leisure  are  likely  to  go  far 
beyond  in  any  one  visit,  and  to  them  these  calcula- 
tions possess  only  limited  interest;  though  even 
they  may  find  a certain  advantage  in  bestowing  that 
slight  amount  of  study  on  the  subject,  necessary  to 
secure  a proper  knowledge  of  time  to  be  spent  and 
money  used  to  the  best  purpose. 


PREPARATIONS  FOR  THE  TRIP  TO  AMERICA. 


The  following  paper,  like  some  of  the  others  to 
come  after  it,  is  especially  intended  for  those  who 
have  never  before  crossed  the  Atlantic;  and,  conse- 
quently, some  of  the  advice  tendered  in  it  may  seem 
very  primitive  to  those  who  have  already  taken 
their  degree,  however  low  a one,  in  the  academy  of 
traveling  experience.  The  suggestion  may  prop- 
erly be  added,  however,  that  even  some  of  those 
who  have  taken  that  degree  may  find  them.selves 
none  the  worse  for  reading  over  these  hints,  even  if 
they  do  so  to  dissent  from  them.  An  apology  may 
need  to  be  made,  too,  for  the  direct  and  conversa- 
tional style  adopted  in  this  and  some  other  papers  : 
the  aim  of  the  writer  is,  in  this  regard,  to  come  as 
near  as  possible  to  the  words  and  manner  that 
would  be  used  in  a personal  conversation,  with  one 
of  the  parties  doing  much  more  than  half  of  the 
talking. 

It  may  be  proper,  too,  with  reference  to  this  paper 
and  those  succeeding,  to  say  that  the  writer  speaks 
almost  entirely  from  personal  experience — and  that, 
where  that  experience  has  failed,  it  has  been  eked 
out,  not  often  through  the  means  of  books,  but 
from  the  personal  hints  and  relations  of  frequent 
and  experienced  travelers.  For  himself,  the  writer, 


18 


8H0BT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


in.  repeated  and  extended  travel  on  both  continents, 
has  made,  first  and  last,  nearly  all  the  mistakes 
against  which  in  the  present  instance  he  attempts 
to  guard  others,  and  felt  the  necessity  for  some  in- 
struction like  that  which  he  now  endeavors  to  im- 
part, on  almost  every  point  touched  upon.  So  much 
said,  the  promise  of  the  paper  must  be  kept,  in  a 
brief  but  comprehensive  list  of  rules  connected  with 
the  preparation  for  transatlantic  voyages,  and  es- 
pecially for  those  voyages  which  more  or  less 
imitate  Columbus. 

1st.  Decide  whether  you  can  afford  time  and 
money  to  go  at  all,  tahing  into  consideration  the 
before-urged  opportunities  for  economy.  Also,  de- 
cide whether,  in  going,  you  leave  too  much  of  anx- 
iety,  personal  or  pecuniary,  for  fair  enjoyment,  for 
there  is  an  old  adage  about  the  absentee  who  drags 
with  each  remove  a lengthening  chain,  and  there 
are  not  charms  enough,  even  in  the  natuial  scenery 
and  odd  character-studies  of  the  New  World,  to 
make  such  a trip  ‘‘pay,’’  when  the  heart  or  the  busi- 
ness-powers must  be  left  at  home.  So  much  decided, 
and  in  the  affirmative,  then 

2nd.  Having  made  up  your  mind,  stick  to  the 
resolution.  Arrange  your  time  of  going,  and  make 
everything  work  to  accommodate  that — not  leave 
that  to  accommodate  itself  to  everything.  Gener- 
* ally,  in  this  as  in  everything  else  in  life,  too  long 
anticipation  is  not  the  healthiest  or  the  most  profit- 
able, and  a voyage  not  canvassed  over  for  five  years 


PBEPABATIONS. 


19 


in  advance  is  likely  to  yield  more  pleasure  than  one 
submitted  to  that  length  of  speculation.  xVbove  all 
things  never  boast  that  you  are  going,  when  you 
fcave  merely  thought  of  going  and  made  no  definite 
decision;  as  unpleasant  consequences  may  often  re- 
sult, in  the  event  of  the  projected  voyage  being 
abandoned,  and  the  suspicion  may  sometimes  creep 
into  the  minds  of  acquaintances,  either  that  there 
,was  ‘‘bounce”  in  the  original  statement,  or  that 
some  heart-failure  at  the  last  moment  has  induced 
the  abandonment. 

3d.  Having  resolved  upon  time  of  going  and 
probable  duration  of  trip,  and  selected  the  line  of 
steamers  by  which  the  outward  voyage  is  to  be 
made,  do  not  permit  the  paltry  folly  of  wishing  to 
keep  a certain  number  of  pounds  for  a few  days 
longer  in  pocket,  to  prevent  the  early  taking  of  a 
passage.  The  best  state-rooms  of  any  favorite  steam- 
ship are  likely  to  be  first  taken  up ; and  even  in  the 
event  of  any  unexpected  hindrance  occurring,  there 
is  rarely  any  difficulty  in  disposing  of  a well-located 
berth,  while  most  of  the  companies,  at  any  time  be- 
fore the  “eleventh  hour,”  will  transfer  the  pass:n- 
ger  from  one  steamer  to  a later  one,  if  a change  of 
time  is  all  the  deviation  from  the  original  plan 
rendered  necessary, 

4th,  If  suddenly-occurring  events  happen  to 
have  changed  the  calculation  in  the  other  direction, 
and  the  plan  of  going  is  formed  almost  at  the  very 
moment  when  some  favorite  steamer  is  about  to 


20 


Snom^TBIP  GUIDE. 


sail,  never  heed  the  stories  so  likely  to  be  told,  that 
‘Hhe  steamer  is  full  and  you  cannot  get  a place!” 
There  is  nearly  always  room  for  ‘^one  passenger 
more,”  as  there  is  in  most  land  conveyan  es  ; and 
if  the  worst  comes  to  the  worst,  it  is  a very  rare  case 
when  some  of  the  officers  of  the  ship  cannot  be 
found  ready  to  give  up  a room  for  the  run,  at  the 
inducement  of  no-very-large  addition  to  the  price  of 
the  passage-ticket.  These  are  suggestions  for  ex- 
treme cases,  however  : as  before  said,  passage  had 
much  better  be  taken  early,  whenever  possible,  for 
reasons  already  stated  or  about  to  be. 

5th.  In  selecting  berths,  when  a good  opportu- 
nity for  choice  remains,  always  aim  to  get  as  near 
as  possible  to  the  midships  of  the  vessel — a consid- 
eration of  not  much  consequence  to  old  voyagers 
with  strong  nerves,  but  of  great  importance  to 
landsmen,  as  every  fo  jt  of  distance  from  the  waist 
increases  the  amount  of  motion  in  a heavy  sea;  and 
not  only  is  the  danger  of  sea-sickness  less  amid- 
ships, but  the  chances  of  having  sleep  broken  by 
the  pitch  ” of  a head  ” or  following  ” sea  are 
proportion  ably  decreased  when  so  located.  The 
same  principle  applies,  in  a less  degree,  to  the 
question  of  outside  or  inside  rooms  (those  inside  or 
outside  of  the  alleyways).  There  is  much  less  effect 
from  the  '^roll,”  in  a ^'beam  ” sea,  for  those  occupy- 
ing inner  berths  ; but  there  is  always  much  less 
light  for  reading  or  any  other  purpose,  and* the  one 
advantage  will  probably  balance  the  other,  except 


PnEPAItAJrONS. 


21 


ill  winter  passages,  when  the  inner  rooms  are  alto--' 
gether  preferable. 

6th.  No  giiide-book,  until  very  la'ely,  ever  con- 
tained a hint  of  the  advice  to  be  embodied  in  this 
paragraph;  and  yet  there  is  no  word  of  counsel,  of 
the  whole,  more  important.  Unless  that  miserable 
being,  a “man  of  letters,”  and  thus  compelled  to  be 
always  reading— there  are  few  intending  voyagers, 
male  or  female,  who  will  not  be  the  better  for  a lit- 
tle “reading  up”  as  to  any  country  about  to  be 
visited.  A fresh  glance  at  the  Atlas,  to  see  how  the 
different  sections  lie  and  the  relation  which  they 
bear  to  each  other,  is  almost  indispensable,  even  to 
some  of  us  who  flatter  ourselves  (before  we  think 
the  second  time)  that  we  learned  our  geography  in 
early  life,  and  have  kept  pretty  well  up  with  it  ever 
since.  This  rule,  as  already  hinted,  applies  to  travel 
and  to  travelers  in  all  countries,  but  to  no  other 
geographical  division  of  the  earth’s  surface  with  the 
same  force  as  to  the  New  World,  and  especially  to 
that  covered  by  the  Great  Republic  of  the  West, 
where  change  seems  the  rule,  and  where  the  altera- 
tions of  boundaries  and  names,  within  the  past  few 
years,  have  been  almost  as  startling  as  those  effected 
in  political  status  and  society.  Upon  the  relative 
positions  of  different  States,  the  names  of  their 
capitals  and  chief  cities,  their  rivers  and  natural 
wonders,  and  even  their  commercial  and  industrial 
features,  it  is  exceedingly  profitable  to  be  as  well  as 
possible  freshened  in  advance;  and  the  same  remark 


22 


SnOBTTRIP  guide. 


obviously  applies  with  equal  force  to  the  main  facts 
of  history  and  the  more  important  points  in  estab- 
lished or  current  literature.  And  to  the  latter  sug- 
gestion a few  words  of  particulars  may  be  added. 
Exactly  as  a man  from  the  New  World  would  find 
more  than  half  his  possible  pleasure  lacking,  visit- 
ing Great  Britain  without  possessing  any  compre- 
hensive knowledge  of  Shakspeare,  Scott,  Burns, 
Thackeray,  Moore,  Tennyson,  etc.,  or  France  with 
ho  acquaintance  with  Rousseau,  Voltaire,  Lamartine, 
Beranger,  Victor  Hugo,  Dumas,  etc. — so  the  visitor 
from  the  Old  World  to  the  New  must  be  lacking  in 
many  of  the  opportunities  for  observation,  social 
life  and  popularity,  who  fails  to  know  something  of 
Cooper,  Irving,  Hawthorne,  Longfellow,  Whittier, 
Bret  Harte,  Mark  Twain,  and  (especially  for  New 
England  travel)  Holmes,  Emerson  and  Lowell. 

7th.  Another  “ rubbing  up^' is  advisable  though 
not  absolutely  indispensable.  Thousands  of  ques- 
tions about  native  land,  its  physical  appearance, 
wealth,  working  of  government,  industrial  aspects, 
etc.,  are  constantly  asked  of  all  persons  on  their 
travels,  supposed  to  be  of  the  average  intelligence, 
by  foreigners  whom  they  chance  to  meet;  and  it  is 
decidedly  pleasant  as  well  as  proper,  not  to  be  three 
or  four  thousand  miles  from  home,  unable  to  answer 
the  simplest  questions  with  reference  to  things  oc- 
curring at  our  own  doors.  The  more  we  know  about 
our  own  land,  the  more  intelligent  and  agreeable 
travelers  we  shall  make^  and,  in  this  conneclion, 


PREPARATIONS. 


23 


8tli.  Throw  overboard  two  false  impressions,  to-' 
gether,  before  leaving*  Enrope.  Overboard  with  the 
idea,  at  once,  that  the  land  you  are  leaving  is  better 
than  all  others  in  every  regard,  so  that  nothing  can 
be  learned  abroad:  and  with  it  g-ive  the  go-by  to 
the  alternative  impression  that  you  have  nothing 
w^orth  asserting  and  even  boasting  about,  and  that 
W'hat  you  are  to  learn  abroad  will  stand  in  place  of 
the  previous  experience  and  pride  of  a life.  Each 
of  the  leading  European  countries  possesses,  at  this 
day,  many  things  uneqnaled  by  the  rest  of  the  world 
and  matters  of  legitimate  pride  to  her  citizens;  but 
she  is  almost  equally  sure  to  have  errors  and  defi- 
ciencies which  may  well  be  corrected  by  observa- 
tions among  other,  if  not  necessarily  wdser,  people. 
Every  tourist  going  abroad  should  carry  with  h m 
all  practical  knowledge  of  his  own  laud,  and  all 
well-founded  pride  in  it;  and,  at  the  same  time,’ he 
should  travel  with  eyes  and  ears  open  and  power  to 
divest  himself  of  ridiculous  national  vain-glory  pre- 
judicially shutting  away  all  beyond. 

And  now  to  a few  minor  particulars  belonging  to 
the  very  eve  of  starting,  and  still  important  enough 
to  deserve  place  and  number: 

fith.  Start  with  a confident  expectation  of  return- 
ing, and  yet  leave  property-interests  disposed  of  as 
if  no  return  was  likely  to  be  made.  There  is  really 
Lss  danger,  in  a given  number  of  day-,  in  going 
over-sea  than  in  most  railway-travel;  but  absences 
thus  involved  are  necessarily  much  longer  and  de- 


n SHORT- TRIP  G TUBE, 

IB  an  cl  additioDal  foretliought  in  at  least  one  or  two 
particulai's.  No  man  dies  the  sooner  for  making 
iiis  will,”  they  say;  and  certainly  no  man  travels 
less  comfortably  for  leaving  affairs  at  home  in  such 
a shape,  that,  if  he  does  not  return,  his  absence  will 
cause  the  least  possible  inconvenience  to  those  left 
behind.  And,  in  this  connection,  again, 

10th.  There  is  nothing  wiser  for  the  departing 
‘^^family-man,”  whatever  the  status  of  those  depend- 
ent upon  him,  than  an  investment  in  a moderate 
life-ai^surance,  with  an  additional  assurance  against 
accident.  Nothing  of  an  ear'hly  character  (the  re- 
ligious questions  will  naturally  suggest  themselves) 
adds  more  comfort  in  a storm  at  sea,  or  danger  in 
some  distant  land,  than  the  reflection  that  there 
Tv^ould  be,  at  least,  one  benefit  from  the  risk  ter- 
rcdnatiog  unfavorably : the  dear  ones  at  home  woidd 
he  pecuniarily  the  gainers  by  it, 

llth.  Arrange  baggage  compactly,  and  not  too 
extensively.  For  each  person  (male — the  ladies 
Vjill  m.ike  rules  for  themselves,  applying  what  hints 
m ly  chance  to  suit  them) — one  stout  leather  or 
wood-and-leather  trunk  of  30  to  3G  inches  by  16  to 
20  inches,  and  one  convenient  valise  for  carrying  in 
the  hand,  are  always  sufficient,  for  anything  less 
than  carrying  over  the  whole  personal  effects  with 
a view  to  resulence.  The  trunk  for  deposit  in  the 
great  cities,  in  the  event  of  expecting  to  return 
along  the  same  line — if  not,  unavoidably  to  be  car- 
ried aiong.  The  vahse  for  short  excursions  from 


PREPARATIONS, 


liose  great  centers  having  this  advantage — that  it 
can  be  carried  in  the  railway-carriage  or  cab,  while 
the  trunk  must  be  looked  after,  with  trouble  and 
expense.  Both  trunk  and  valise  should  be  plainly 
marked  with  name  and  residence — initials  not  al- 
ways enough  for  either  safety  or  convenience.  If 
the  trunk  is  small  enough,  for  the  sea- voyage,  to  find 
place  in  the  state-room,  all  the  better;  if  not,  care 
must  be  taken  that,  before  it  goes  into  the  hold,  all 
articles  are  taken  out  from  it  that  will  be  needed 
before  landing  on  the  other  side.  The  valise  will 
always  find  place  in  the  state-room,  of  course.  And 
this  brings 

12th.  The  important  question  of  Clothing,  with 
reference  to  which  a few  general  suggestions  may 
be  found  valuable.  The  point  of  view  here  taken  is 
especially  for  the  male  sex,  but  the  female  will  find 
it  easily  varied  to  their  requirements.  For  crossing 
the  North  Atlantic,  to  return  in  two  or  three  months, 
the  fir-i  requirement  is  a suit  of  thick  clothes,  so  old 
and  valueless  that  one  can  lounge  upon  the  deck  in 
them,  with  no  fear  of  damage.  (Dandyism  is  at  a 
discount  at  sea — a lesson  quickly  and  surely  learn- 
ed.) Clothing  thick,  because  sea  air  is  nearly  always 
damp,  and  generally  cold.  Then  as  thick  an  over- 
coat and  gloves  as  can  well  be  procured,  the  use  of 
which  will  become  patent,  either  off  the  Irish  coast 
or  among  the  fogs  and  possible  icebergs  of  the 
Banks  of  Newfoundland.  A thick  blanket,  rug,  or 
heavy  robe,  to  make  lounging  upon  deck  the  easier 


26 


SHORI  TEIP  GUIDE. 


and  warmer.  For  summer  travel  in  the  Northern, 
Middle  and  Western  States,  or  Canada,  a neat  travel- 
ing-suit of  Melton,  with  one  of  flannel  for  proceed- 
ing further  southward,  and  for  very  h jit  weather  in 
even  the  States  named.  A summer-overcoat  or 
wrap  of  waterproof  Melton  or  aqua-scutum — ^^not  so 
regularly  or  often  needed  as  in  the  British  Islands, 
but  indispensable.  Heavy-wool  under-clothing  for 
sea  use,  with  courage  enough  to  double  it  if  neces- 
sary ; for  American  hot  weather,  on  land,  lighter 
under-clothing  of  merino,  silk,  or  zephyr.  A dress- 
suit,  if  entrance  into  ^'society”  is  intended,  or  if 
there  is  plenty  of  room  in  the  trunks  ; as  clothing 
is  somewhat  high  in  America,  while  exceptionally 
tasteful  and  well  made — though,  candidly,  in  hurried 
trips  of  this  character,  the  traveling-suit  is  seldom 
shaken  off.  Figured  or  colored-wool  overshirts,  with 
high  throat,  collar  and  wristbands,  for  time  at  sea,  or 
for  any  temporary  camping-out  ’’  or  ‘‘  roughing-it  ” 
among  w'oods  or  mountains.  Plenty  of  linen  and 
white  goods,  to  avoid  being  at  the  ncvercy  of  the 
washerwoman  at  times  of  sudden  transit,  and  be- 
cause all  these,  as  well  as  all  hosiery  and  under- 
clothing, cost  more  in  the  United  States  than  in 
England.  Stout-soled, shoes — of  calf,  best.  Low- 
crowned  tourist-bat,  of  felt  (dress-hat  to  be  bought, 
if  necessary);  umbrella,  of  late  years  almost  as  in- 
dispensable on  the  western  side  of  the  Atlantic 
as  the  eastern  ; a good  opera-glass,  necessary  for 
catching  views  rapidly  and  correctly,  both  by  sea 


PREPARATION'S. 


27 


and  land,  and  more  convenient  if  not  too  large  for 
the  pocket  and  not  necessitating  the  prononce  strap. 

13th.  Make  such  arrangements,  if  possible,  that  a 
httle  longer  absence  than  that  contemplated  will  not 
work  serious  business  or  other  inconvenience,  as  the 
best  calculator  cannot  always  be  quite  sure  of  non- 
detention through  some  inflaence  or  action  bej^ond 
himself. 

14th.  Arrange  (as  before  suggested)  to  take  a lit- 
tle more  money  abroad  than  is  supposed  to  be  neces- 
sary for  either  time  or  distance;  but 

15th.  Carry  in  actual  money,  (English  gold,  or 
Bank  of  England  notes,  with  a trifle  of  silver)  only 
so  much  as  will  pay  expenses  on  ship-board  and  last 
during  the  few  days  that  may  happen  to  elapse  be- 
fore reaching  the  point  at  which  the  first  draft  is 
made  payable.  All  beyond  this  should  be  taken 
either  in  bills-of-exchange  on  bankers  in  one  or 
more  of  the  more  important  cities  to  be  visited,  or 
in  circular  letters-of-credit  to  corresponding  houses 
in  those  cities.  It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  say  that 
only  the  very  first-class  of  banking  houses,  at  home, 
should  be  dealt  with,  in  procuring  exchange  or  let- 
ters-of-credit, if  the  painful  possibility  of  finding 
oneself  abroad  without  funds,  is  to  be  avoided. 

IGth.  Take , some  letters  of  introduction,  when 
tendered,  and  to  the  right  persons;  but  depend  very 
little  upon  them,  except  in  some  business  point  of 
view.  The  fact  is  that,  without  any  discourtesy  to 
givers  being  intended,  letters  of  introduction  go  for 


28 


SHOBT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


less  ill  America  and  secure  less  consideration  addi- 
tional to  the  deportment  and  standing  of  the  bearer, 
than  in  auy  other  part  of  the  civilized  globe:  and 
they  should  be  understood  and  rated  accordingly. 
Added  to  whicli  may  be  set  down  that  in  no  other 
country  is  the  best  society  of  any  given  region  so  ac- 
cessible, the  letter  of  introduction  being  thus  ren- 
dered little  else  than  commercial  or  useless. 

17th.  Avoid  attempting  to  carry  over,  among  bag- 
gage, anything  that  can  be  construed  as  beyond  ne- 
cessary personal  use,  as  the  American  administration 
of  the  customs,  of  late  years,  is  stringent  to  oppres- 
siveness, and  a misunderstanding  on  ihat  point  may 
be  more  easily  avoided  than  removed.  (Articles 
most  watched  for  and  guarded  against  are  clothing, 
[new  an  i in  undue  quantity,]  silks,  linens,  laces, 
watches,  jewelry  and  precious  stones). 

18th.  Create  as  little  impression  as  possible,  on 
the  verge  of  departure,  of  feeling  that  some  event, 
moving  half  the  world,  is  taking  place  in  your  first 
leaving  your  native  land.  A sea- voyage,  now,  no  fur- 
ther than  America,  is  about  equivalent  to  atrip  from 
London  to  Edinburgh  or  Dundee,  fifteen  years  ago 
— and  not  much  more  than  was  the  transit  across 
the  channel  to  France,  at  the  distance  back  of  thirty 
or  fifty  years;  and  the  observing  world  is  generally 
coming  to  regard  it  in  that  light. 

19th  and  last.  If  possible,  go  on  board  before  the 
last  moment  of  sailing,  and  have  any  heavy  luggage 
on  board  even  earner.  Also,  if  possible,  make  any 


FREFARA  TIONS, 


20 


extended  tender  farewells  earlier  and  elsewhere  than 
on  the  crowded  deck  of  a steamer,  at  the  last  mo- 
ment, when  eyerybody  is  in  the  way  of  everybody 
else,  when  the  officers  naturally  wish  to  throw  over- 
board all  the  whiners,  and  when  there  is  a probabil- 
ity of  the  grief  of  departure  being  added  to  by  the 
worry  of  having  wife,  sister,  child  or  friend  tumbled 
into  the  river  at  the  landing-stage,  or  dropped  over 
between  tender  and  steamer  as  the  two  separate. 


WHAT  TO  DO  AND  AVOID  ON  SHIPBOARD^ 


The  advice  in  this  paper,  too,  will  be  set  down  di- 
dactically, and  much  of  it  will  be  considered  as  very 
elementary  by  those  who  have  once  or  oftener  cross- 
ed the  Atlantic.  In  the  meantime,  not  even  to  some 
of  them  will  the  maxims  be  found  unprofitable,  if 
attended  to — ^judging  by  the  very  large  number  of 
habitual  travelers  who  seem  to  happen  upon  the 
very  conditions  of  discomfort  and  imprudence,  as  if 
seeking  them. 

1st.  Perhaps  the  first  condition  of  comfort  in  a 
sea-voyage,  is  to  avoid  making  up  the  mind  as  to 
any  positive  time  at  which  the  voyage  must  be  con- 
cluded. To  look  across  the  three  thousand  miles  of 
the  Atlantic,  and  think  over  the  days  necessary  to 
traverse  it,  even  on  the  swiftest  vessel,  is  rather  dis- 
couraging than  the  reverse,  to  people  of  rapid 
thought  and  active  habit;  but  by  simply  avoiding 
any  definite  calculation,  and  considering  the  ship 
and  her  officers  and  crew  as  domg  their  ‘‘day’s 
work,”  the  amount  of  impatience  may  be  very  con- 
siderably reduced.  Creeping  ahead  a little  every 
day,  the  whole  voyage  will  soon  be  accomplished  : 
that  is  enough  to  know  and  enough  to  feel,  no  mat- 
ter what  anxieties  may  be  at  the  end. 

2d.  Perhaps  the  next  desideratum  is  to  avoid  any 


OJV  SIllPBOABI). 


31 


considerable  anxiety  as  to  the  voyage  being  a pros- 
perous one,  by  first  remembering  that  more  than  an 
hundred  runs  are  made  without  a single  accident, 
and  more  than  five  hundred  without  the  total  loss 
of  a vessel — and  then  falling  back  upon  that  pleas- 
ant recollection  that  you  have  not  the  affair  in 
charge,  any  way— that  (Providence  over  all,  and  al- 
ways to  be  remembered,  of  course,)  the  officers  and 
crew  of  the  ship  have  their  duty  to  do  and  are  very 
likely  to  do  it,  for  the  sake  of  their  own  lives  and 
the  property  committed  to  their  skill.  It  may  be 
straining  a point,  perhaps,  but  there  is  really  some 
philosophy  in  getting  into  the  state  of  mind  of 
the  droll  fellow  who  demonstrated  to  one  of  the 
“ anxious,”  in  a storm  at  sea,  that,  having  paid  their 
passage,  and  the  company  having  consequently  con- 
tracted to  take  them  across,  the  question  of  the 
ship’s  foundering  was  really  something  with  which 
they  (the  passengers ) had  nothing  to  do  ! This  may 
not  have  much  reassured  the  frightened  man,  but  it 
certainly  silenced  him  ; and  there  no  doubt  was 
more  than  a grain  of  earnest  in  the  old  trave  er’s 
philosophy  of  remembering  that  he  did  not  deer  the 
ship,  as  there  was  undoubtedly  comfortable  indo- 
lence in  it. 

3d.  It  is  not  wise  to  expect  too  much  on  ship- 
board, either  in  the  way  of  luxury,  or  even  of  positive 
comfort.  Ships,  at  the  largest,  are  small  as  com- 
: pared  with  hotels,  and  at  the  steadiest  are  shaky,” 
as  compared  to  private  dwellings,  except  when  the 


^32 


SBORTTRIP  GUTRE. 


lattei'  have  the  rarity  of  earthquakes  to  throw  them 
-off  the  perpendicular.  Plenty  of  gpod  food,  respect- 
able though  confined  sleeping-quarters,  and  attend- 
ance fair,  but  by  no  means  that  of  a first-class  hotel 
’ — these  are  all  that  ought  to  be  expected;  and  a very 
little  philosophy  makes  them  enough.  It  has  before 
been  said  that  “ dandyism  is  at  a discount,  at  sea  ; ” 
so  is,  or  ought  to  be,  finiclciness.  What  if  neither 
shaving,  nor  dressing,  nor  any  of  the  other  offices  of 
civilized  life,  can  be  done  quite  as  well  as  at  home  ? 
Nobody  notices  whether  they  are  scrupulously  per- 
formed, or  not ; and  some  of  the  neatest  of  men  , 
when  on  shore,  Vfhen  they  have  become  old  travel- 
ers, consent  to  be  slovenly  for  those  few  days  with- 
out serious  suffering.  The  golden  rule,  on  going  to 
sea,  is  : Expect  very  little,  and  he  prepared  to  hear 
-good-humoredly  with  it;  then,  if  ‘‘all  the  modern 
conveniences”  should  happen  to  present  themselves, 
as  is  not  at  all  likely,  they  will  afford  double  en- 
joyment, and  the  want  of  them  will  not  entail 
misery. 

4th.  Determine  to  be  as  jolly  as  health  will  allow, 
and  as  companionable  as  is  at  all  consistent  with  the 
temperament.  Join  in  all  practical  harmless  amuse- 
ments and  exercises,  with  the  result  of  making  your 
own  days  less  tedious,  and  producing  the  same 
effect  on  those  of  others.  One  jolly  fellow,  some- 
times, seems  to  leaven  up  a whole  ship-load  ; one  or 
two  glum  faces  act  like  a wet-blanket  on  all  con- 
cerned. There  is  a comradery  in  sea-going,  scarcely 


ON  SHIPBOARD. 


3S 


second  to  that  of  the  army ; and  some  of  the  pleas- 
antest friendships  of  years  originate  on  the  deck 
filled  with  comparative  strangers.  Quoits,  shovel- 
board,  chess,  draughts,  backgammon,  social  games 
at  cards,  all  these  supply  amusement  to  those  who 
will  take  part  in  them ; and  there  is  room  for  any 
amount  of  table  sociability  at  meals,  not  marred  but 
rather  increased  by  the  little  accidents  to  which 
breakfasting  or  dining  in  rough  weather  is  certainly 
subject. 

^th.  Make  friends,  early,  with  the  captain  and 
other  officers  of  the  ship,  so  far  as  they  will  permit; 
but  take  no  liberties  with  them,  and  carefully  avoid 
compromising  any  one  of  them  who  may  have  shown 
any  peculiar  fayor,  by  speaking  of  it  to  others  of  the 
ship^s  company  or  passengers.  Strictly  observe  those 
cardinal  rules  which  forbid  going  upon  the  bridge, 
talking  with  the  officers  when  on  duty,  or  distract- 
ing the  attention  of  the  quarter-masters  at  the 
wheel.  Avoid  getting  in  the  way  of  the  officers  at 
the  compa?s,  or  hindering  them  when  engaged  in 
that  most  important  event  of  the  day — taking  an 
observation.'^  Obey  them,  quietly  and  respectfully, 
when  they  give  a direction  calculated  to  secure  your 
safety  or  prevent  accident — even  if  the  reason  of  the 
order  should  not  be  fully  evident  to  a landsman. 
Don’t  inquire  any  oftener  than  is  unavoidable,  where 
the  ship  is  at  any  particular  moment,  what  a certain 
I movement  on  deck  means,  what  kind  of  weather  it 
is  going  to  be  during  the  next  twenty- four  liours ; 


u 


SHORI^TRIP  GUIDE. 


and  don’t  ask  the  men,  when  they  are  heaving  the 
log,  how  many  miles  an  hour  the  ship  is  going,  or 
don’t  expect  them  to  tell  the  truth  if  you  do ! Don’t 
get  in  the  way  when  hawsers  are  being  overhauled 
or  yards  braced;  and  don’t  wonder  if,  getting  in  the 
way  when  some  evolution  of  hauling  the  ropes  is 
going  on,  you  occasionally  trip  and  so  learn  what 
times  and  places  are  dangerous.  Don’t  attempt  to 
“help,”  at  any  time,  except  in  the  rare  event  of  an 
accident;  and  thus  “keeping  out  of  the  way,”  with- 
out losing  any  chance  of  observation  and  enjoyment, 
secure  the  friendship  of  the  officers,  the  respect  of 
the  crew,  and  the  gratitude  of  all  concerned. 

6th.  Make  friends  with  the  stewards,  at  once,  not 
only  by  treating  them  respectfully,-  but  by  speaking 
to  the  two  in  charge  of  your  particular  table  and 
state-room — requesting  their  attention  and  prom- 
ising them  the  due  douceur  at  the  end  of  the  voy- 
age. Half  a sovereign  each  to  the  saloon  and  lower- 
saloon  stewards,  and  say  a crown  to  the  “ boots,” 
with  half-a-crown  for  beer  to  the  captain  of  the 
watch  who  first  “ chalks”  you  when  you  break  the 
rules  of  the  ship  by  going  forward,  and  perhaps  half 
a dozen  shillings  to  persons  who  do  errands  for  you 
durieg  the  run — this,  reaching  not  much  more  than 
thirty  shillings  altogether,  is  quite  sufficient  to 
grease  the  wheels  of  service  and  make  welcome  then 
and  afterwards. 

Ttli.  Avoid  attempting  to  read  much,  at  sea,  how- 
ever interest  may  tempt  in  that  direction.  ILero 


SIIIPBOAED, 


05 


is  <‘i  motion  and  jar  of  the  vessel,  making  the  letters 
swim  and  damaging  head  and  opticmerves  to  a de- 
g*rec  needing -days  for  recovery.  Some  persons  can 
read  steadily, almost  without  injury;  others  cannot: 
it  is  never  best  to  try  the  experiment  when  it  can  be 
avoided.  And  there  is  rarely  much  occasion  : it  is  a 
poor  passage-list  in  which  more  amusement  cannot 
be  f >und  than  in  books,  for  the  short  period  con- 
sumed in  crossing  the  Atlantic. 

8th.  Keep  on  deck,  all  that  is  possible.  Half  the 
charm  of  going  to  sea  lies  in  the  pure,  fresh  air, 
except  in  very  stormy  weather.  The  air  of  lower- 
cabins  and  state-rooms  is  necessarily  more  or  le&s 
confined,  and  consequently  unhealthy;  while  the 
healthiest  atmosphere  in  the  world  comes  fresh  to 
the  lungs  from  blue  water.  There  is  far  less  danger 
of  sea-sickness,  too,  on  deck  than  below,  when  actual 
illness  does  not  enforce  confinement  to  the  berth ; 
and  the  thousand  sights  and  sounds  of  sea-life — 
sunrises,  sunsets,  moonlight,  storm-waves,  whales, 
porpoise-shoals,  passing  vessels,  observations,  log  and 
lead  heaving,  making  and  taking  in  sail,  signalling, 
etc.,  are  only  to  be  enjoyed  by  those  who  keep  the 
deck  as  persistently  as  possible.  And  this  is  even  ad- 
ditionally true  at  times  of  leaving  or  making  land ; 
approaching  port,  etc.,  opportunities  for  remark  and 
study,  lost  during  which  periods,  may  be  and  prob- 
ably will  be  lost  forever. 

9th.  Dress  warmly — quite  as  warmly  as  comfort 
demands,  and  err  on  the  safe  side  if  at  all.  Sea-air, 


80  - SIIORT^TRIP  GUIDE. 

thongh  healthy,  is  damp  and  deceptive  as  to  temper- 
ature. Nev^r  mind  the  appearance  ; put  on  the 
clothes. 

10th.  Take  much  exercise.  Want  of  occupation 
induces  long  sitting  at  table  and  hearty  eating;  and 
the  system  must  be  a strong  one  which  C':\n  endure 
this  for  days,  without  exercise,  and  yet  siitfer  no  in-' 
jury.  "When  there  is  not  too  much  sea  to  make  it 
possible,  at  least  a mile  or  two  should  be  walked 
every  morning,  and  a corresponding  space  in  the 
afternoon — the  long  cleared  decks,  or  the  alleyways, 
of  most  of  the  best  steamers,  rendering  this  amuse- 
ment of  exercise  easy  and  convenient. 

11th.  Aid  the  direction  last  named,  by  eating 
moderately  as  usual  habits  will  allow — either  by 
abridging  the  quantity  of  each  meal,  or  by  avoiding 
some  of  the  number.  Four  meals  per  day  are  usu-“ 
ally  provided — -breakfast,  lunch,  dinner  and  tea:  very 
often,  and  especially  when  there  is  any  tendency  to 
inactivity  of  the  system,  and  fever,  two  of  the  four 
may  be  profitably  omitted. 

12th.  Put  confidence  in  the  ship  ; believe,  for  the 
time  being,  that  the  ship  is  the  best  afloat.  If  you 
go  down  into  the  fire-room  (which,  by  the  w^ay,  is 
quite  as  well  kept  out  of),  don’t  fall  into  the  fancy 
that  so  large  a mass  of  fire  in  the  midst  of  a vessel 
must  inevitably  burn  her  ; vessels  are  especially  con- 
structed to  guard  against  that  danger,  and  iron  does 
not  take  fire  easily.  Don’t  be  alarmed  at  the  noises 
continually  coming  from  the  fire-room,  or  think  that 


ON  SHIPBOARD, 


87 


some  calamity  has  happened  there:  firemen  are  nor- 
mally noisy  as  well  as  grimy,  and  they  need  to 
speak  loudly  to  make  themselves  heard.  Don’t 
fancy,  in  short,  that  everything  \vill  go  wrong  unless 
you  attend  to  it,  except  in  one  particular;  and  that  is, 

13th.  Join  the  fire-police  of  the  ship,  and  stick  to 
the  organization.  Take  no  combustible  materials 
below  in  your  baggage — neither  matches  nor  danger- 
ous chemicals;  take  no  light  of  any  kind  below  the 
decks,  for  better  reason  than  because  there  is  a 
severe  punishment  for  any  proceeding  of  the  kind — 
the  all-powerful  reason  that  such  an  act  may  destroy 
your  own  life  and  the  lives  of  others.  On  this  point, 
watch  your  own  conduct  and  that  of  others,  and  no 
harm  is  likely  to  result  from  the  close  surveillance; 
though  any  discovery  made  should  always  be  com- 
municated quietly  to  some  person  in  charge,  and  not 
shouted  through  the  ship  so  as  to  create  a panic 
among  the  passengers. 

11th,  Never  go  forward  when  the  ship  is  pitching 
into  a heavy  sea:  there  is  always  danger  of  injury,  in 
such  an  experiment  by  a landsman,  and  very  often  of 
being  swept  overboard,  at  times  when  even  sailors  can 
scarcely  keep  footing  on  the  wet  and  slippery  decks. 
Never  stand  at  or  very  near  the  taffrail  (extreme 
stern)  in  correspondingly  heavy  weather,  as  there  is 
always  danger  of  the  ship  ‘‘jumping  out  from  under 
you^ — an  accident  which  sometimes  happens  to  ex- 
perienced seamen  who  stand  unguardedly  in  that 


SHOBTTBIP  GUIDE. 


S3 

dangerous  position.  Never  climb  upon  the  bul- 
warks, however  calm  the  sea;  for  there  is  no  know- 
ing at  what  moment  there  may  be  one  roll — enough 
to  finish  the  individual  voyage  very  unpleasantly. 

15th.  Never  attempt  to  go  up  or  down  one  of  the 
companion-ways  (stairs),  or  along  one  of  the  gang- 
ways, or  the  decks,  when  the  sea  is  heavy,  without 
making  as  much  use  of  the  hands  as  the  feet — hold- 
ing on  firmly  to  the  nearest  convenient  rail.  Broken 
ribs  or  limbs  are  sometimes  the  consequence  of  for- 
getfulness or  bravado,  on  this  point. 

16th.  In  the  event  of  illness  (other  than  sea-sick- 
ness), don't  take  nostrums,  or  trust  to  anything  in 
your  private  ‘^medicine-chest.’'  There  is  always 
one  surgeon,  or  more,  on  each  ship;  they  are  paid 
for  attending  to  the  health  of  passengers,  without 
charge  except  for  costly  medicine;  they  are  partic- 
ularly familiar  with  the  treatment  prudent  at  sea; 
and  it  is  very  often  the  case  that  medicines  upon 
which  dependence  can  be  placed  when  on  the  more 
stable  element,  prove  injurious  in  the  abnormal  con- 
dition of  never  being  entirely  quiet. 

17th.  If  sea-sick,  don't  fancy  the  disease  is  a mor- 
tal one.  Few  people  die  of  it,  though  many  (it  is  to 
be  feared)  are  rendered  vastly  uncomfortable.  Keep 
the  bravest  heart  and  the  strongest  determination 
possible,  against  the  great  foe;  and  above  all,  do 
not  join  the  noble  army  of  those  who  ask  to  be  mer- 
cifully “thrown  overboard’  as  a means  of  escaping 
the  torture.  Nobody  dares  obey  the  request — not 


OK  SHIPBOARD. 


39 


even  your  worst  enemy,  wlio  wishes  that  he  could ; 
and  if  it  should  he  obeyed,  the  chances  are  ten  to 
one  that  before  you  had  gone  down  ten  fathoms  in 
blue  Avater  the  cry  might  be  a different  one. 

18th.  Berths,  in  sea-going  ships,  are  mostly  sin- 
gle; and  yet  it  is  best,  especially  in  heavy  Aveather, 
to  have  a ied-fellow.  This  is  easily  found  in  the 
valise  or  Avell-iilled  carpet  bag,  which  packed  closely 
in  against  the  side-board,  the  Avould-be  sleeper  lying 
on  the  side  in  the  inner  part  of  the  berth,  Avill  gen- 
erally enable  him  to  lie  without  rolling,  eA'en  when 
the  ship  is  doing  her  Avorst  in  that  direction,  and 
secure  sleep  when  it  would  be  otherwise  impossible 
from  the  constantly- waking  motion.  An  alternative 
arrangement  of  almost  equal  excellence  in  rough 
Aveather,  though  not  alAA^ays  practicable — is  to  use  a 
broad  luggage-strap,  fastened  to  any  stanchion  at 
the  back  of  the  berth  and  then  buckled  around  the 
breast  of  the  Avould-be  sleeper. 

19th — and  more  important  than  any  of  the  pre- 
ceding. Eemember,  oftener  than  when  the  service 
is  read  on  Sabbath  morning,  that  there  is  a Hand^ 
Avistr  and  stronger  than  that  of  any  officer  of  the 
ship,  ruling  not  only  the  vessel,  but  the  Avaves  upon 
Avhich  she  rides  and  the  winds  and  other  elements 
which  may  place  her  in  peril. 


BELL-TIME  AT  SEA. 


^Passengers  by  any  of  the  transatlantic  steam- 
ers, or  on  any  other  extended  route  involving  the 
continual  change  of  longitude,  should  never  risk  in- 
juring their  time  pieces  by  setting  them  slower  or 
faster,  but  quietly  allow  them  to  run  down  imme- 
diately after  startings  and  keep  them  in  that  condi- 
tion, though  carrying  them  in  the  ordinary  upright 
position,  until  the  end  of  the  voyage.  They  will  be 
obliged,  meanwhile,  to  depend  upon  the  ship’s  bell,, 
with  occasional  glimpses  of  the  saloon-clock,  for  the 
requisite  knowledge  of  the  flight  of  time  during 
each  day,  to  prevent  a mental  vacuum  on  that  sub- 
ject, and  enable  them  to  make-  proper  preparation 
for  meals. 

A little  experience  of  the  use  of  the  bell,  however, 
is  necessary  for  putting  this  advice  into  ready  prac- 
tice ; and  the  following  brief  table  of  ^^bell-bime  at 
sea”  will  be  found  worth  an  hour  or  two  of  study,  io 
that  end;  one  fact  being  always  borne  in  mind: 
that  the  farther  eastward  the  faster  the  time,  and, 
the  farther  westward,  the  slower ; so  that  a steamer 
of  ordinary  speed  loses  about  half  an  hour  j)er  day 
of  the  running  time  with  which  she  is  charged,  in 
going  eastward,  and  gains  a corresponding  amount 
of  time  in  going  westward. 


BELL  TIME  AT  SEA, 


41 


Commencing  the  day  at  sea,  with  the  half-hour 
succeeding  midnight,  the  following  explanation  of 
the  ‘‘  bells’*  (i.  6.,  strokes  of  the  hell)  will  be  found 
easily  understood  and  quite  sufficient  for  practical 
use,  if  one  aid  to  the  memory  is  employed — the  re- 
collection that  the  odd  numbers  of  strokes  are  always 
half-hours,  that  the  even  numbers  are  always  hours, 
and  that  those  hours  which  can  be  divided  by  4 are 
always  represented  by  numbers  which  can  also  be 
divided  by  4. 


1 boll  

... 

o’clock, 

A.  M. 

1 bell  

2 bells 

...  1 

‘‘ 

2 bells 

1 “ 

3 “ 

...  \y^ 

(1 

a 

3 “ 

....  W 

4 “ 

...  2 

ii 

4 “ 

Q it  t 

5 “ ^ . 

. . - 2 

a 

u 

5 “ 

“ “ 

6 “ 

...  3 

It 

a 

6 

a 

7 “ 

...  3K 

li 

7 “ .... 

.... 

8 “ 

. ..  4 

(( 

(i 

8 “ 

4 tt  tt 

1 bell  

(( 

n 

1 “ 41/  “ “ 

2 bells 

. ..  5 

(t 

it 

2 “ 

5 “ “ 

3 “ 

...  5M 

(( 

(i 

3 “ .... 

....  “ 

4 “ 

. ..  6 

** 

4 “ 

6 “ “ 

5 “ 

... 

“ 

1 i 

Dbell  .... 

....  6)4  “ 

6 “ 

...  7 

ti 

a 

2 bells  .... 

7 tt  it 

7 “ 

... 

It 

li 

3 “ .... 

....  “ 

8 “ 

...  8' 

it 

it 

4 “ 

8 “ * 

1 boll  

. . . 8 

(t 

a 

1 bell  

8)^'  “ * 

‘2  bells 

. . . {) 

(( 

(( 

2 bells 

9 “ “ 

3 “ ..... 

...  9}^ 

It 

ii 

3 “ .... 

....  9)4 

4 “ 

...  10 

‘ ‘ 

li 

4 “ 

...  10  •*  “ 

5 

...  10)^ 

i ( 

5 “ .... 

....  lOM*  “ 

()  “ 

...  11 

It 

ti 

6 “ 

11  “ ‘ 

7 ‘‘  ..... 

...  11 M 

“ 

it 

7 “ .... 

....  11>^  “ 

8 “ 

...  l> 

noon. 

8 “ .... 

From  4 P.  :m.  to  8 P.  Ri.  instead  of  pr^^senting  an  iinbroken  succes* 
sion  of  bells  from  1 to  8,  is  divided  into  two  “Dog  Watches”— 4 to  6 
(“  first  dog-watch”)  and  6 to  8 (“second  dog-watch”)— in  order  to  pre- 
vent the  larboard  and  starboard  watches  of  sailors  being  on  duty 
during  the  same  hours,  one  day  after  another — as  they  would  be  if  they 
wore  continually  and  only  changed  once  every  four  houre. 


nE]N  YORK  CITY,  HARBOR  AND  SUBURBS. 

APPKOACH  AND  IIAllBOR. 

Land  is  generally  made,  approaching  the  harbor 
of  New  York,  from  any  vessel  coming  down  the 
Great  Circle,”  at  some  point  on  the  Long  Island 
coast,  at  starboard  or  right  of  the  ship  ; and  the 
time  may  be  anywhere  from  four  to  ten  hours  (in 
clear  weather)  before  crossing  the  bar  at  Sandy 
Hook,  the  entrance  of  the  Lower  Bay  of  New  York. 
After  first  sighting,  this  land  will  keep  in  sight — 
low  and  uninteresting,  the  course  of  the  vessel  be- 
ing nearly  parallel  with  the  shore,  and  at  a few 
miles  distance.  Pilots  are  taken  on  board  from 
small  schooners,  at  distances  varying  from  a few 
miles  from  the  coast  to  two  or  even  three  hundred — 
as  disasters  from  want  of  pilotage  off  this  port, 
many  years  ago,  have  induced  much  activity  and 
competition,  of  late  years. 

Two  or  three  hours  from  Sandy  Hook,  for  ships 
coming  down  the  Long  Island  coast,  and  as  a first 
sight  for  those  crossing  from  the  south,  are  made 
the  Highlands  of  Navesinh,  fine  bold  headlands  ap- 
proaching the  sea,  and  forming  one  point  of  the 
eastern  coast  of  New  Jersey.  These  hills  show  to 
excellent  advantage  on  a nearer  approach,  and  are 
very  imposing  when  the  Bar  at  Sandy  Hook  is  be- 


NE^V  YORK  CITY, 


43 


ing  crossed;  t^YO  square-tower  liglit-liouses  showing 
on  the  Highlands,  behind  the  long,  low  point  of 
wooded  sand  forming  the  Hook,  on  which  are  to  be 
seen  one  light-house  and  two  beacons,  with  a 
formidable  line  of  government  fortifications  in  pro- 
gress, near  the  outer  or  northern  end,  very  near  to 
which  the  skip  necessarily  passes  the  channel. 

Passing  the  Bar  and  running  up  the  Lower  Bay, 
the  New  Jersey  Highlands  continue  ahead  and  to 
the  left,  sloping  away  toward  Long  Branch  a few 
miles  southward  ; on  the  right  continues  Long 
Island,  with  the  still  lower  and  sandier  Coney  Is- 
fand  adjoining  it  in  front ; still  ahead  and  to  tho 
left  rise  the  hills  of  Staten  Island,  with  an  opening 
between  it  and  Long  Island  marking  the  Narrows, 
through  which  entrance  is  made  from  the  Lower  or 
Earitan  Bay  into  the  Upper  or  Bay  of  New  York 
proper. 

At  the  left,  four  or  five  miles  below  the  Narrows, 
is  passed  (if  there  is  no  occasion  to  make  its  nearer 
acquaintance)  the  New  York  Quarantine  — 
of  low  buildings  on  two  artificial  islands  built 
within  the  last  few  years  on  a shoal  known  as  the 
West  Bank  of  Eomer.  Passing  the  Narrows,  the 
fine  fortification  to  the  right,  on  Long  Island,  is 
Fort  Hamilton,  with  the  ruins  of  the  once  cele- 
brated Fort  Lafayette  standing  in  the  water  at 
some  distance  below  it — while  to  the  left  rises 
the  corresponding  bluff  of  Staten  Island,  crowned 
with  a light-house  and  fortifications,  with  a strong 


SHOUT  TRIP  GVIDE. 


new  structure,  Fort  Richmond,  standing  below  at 
near  the  water’s  edge. 

The  view  of  New  York  Bay,  after  passing  the  Nar- 
rows, is  considered  one  of  the  finest  of  its  character 
in  the  world,  and  should  never  be  lost  by  the  trav- 
eler enjoying  the  opportunity  for  the  first  time.  On 
the  right,  passing  up,  will  be  observed  the  Long 
Island  shore,  handsomely  shaded,  and  dotted  with 
the  residences  of  well-to-do  citizens  or  suburbans; 
and  on  the  left  Staten  Island  presents  much  higher 
ground,  landings  and  thriving  villages  near  the 
shore,  and  the  sides  of  the  hills  in  like  manner 
well  shaded  and  dotted  with  tasteful  residences. 
Some  six  miles  above  the  Narrows,  at  the  immedi- 
ate right,  the  monuments  of  Greenwood  Cemetery 
may  be  seen  covering  and  crowning  one  of  the 
Long  Island  hills  near  the  shore;  still  to  the  right, 
blit  ahead,  the  City  of  Brooklyn  its  many 

spires  and  wilderness  of  buildings  ; immediately 
ahead  rises  Governor's  Island,  with  its  round  fort, 
Castle  William,  and  its  long  ranges  of  barracks  and 
officeis’-quarters  ; and  as  Governor’s  Island  is  pass- 
ed, still  directly  ahead,  the  City  of  New  York  is 
seen,  stretching  right  and  left,  from  iti  lowest  point 
at  the  Battery,  up  the  East  and  North  rivers  (Long 
Island  Sound  and  the  Hudson),  each  line  show- 
ing a perfect  forest  of  the  masts  of  shipping,  and  the 
marked  deficiency  of  commanding  spires  partially 
I'elieved  by  the  nearness  and  grace  of  that  of  Trinity 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


45 


'liiu’cli  and  the  height  of  several  of  the  new  build- 
]gs  now  overtopping  the  city,  especially  the 
V'estern  Union  Telegraph  Building,  New  Post 
)ffice,  Tribune  Office,  Emning  Post  Office,  Equita- 
le  and  Mutual  Insurance  Buildings,  &c. 

From  this  point,  which  also  best  shows  the 
Brooklyn  Bridge,  Brooklyn  lies  a little  behind, 
t the  right;  Staten  Island  has  fallen  away  to  a 
inch  greater  distance  behind  and  at  the  left ; the 
[udson  Eiver  stretches  northward,  immediately 
heacl,  Long  Island  Sound  branching  away  eastward 
t an  acute  angle;  the  other  two  islands  of  the 
arbor,  so  far  unnamed,  Bedloe's  and  Ellis',  lie  at 
Dme  distance  to  the  left;  and  behind  them,  to  the 
'?ft  and  ahead,  on  the  west  or  New  Jersey  side  of 
ae  river,  may  be  prominehtly  seen  the  towns  of 
'ersey  City  and  Hoboken,  continual  high  landi 
ising  up-river  from  the  latter,  along  the  Hudson, 
:) wards  Fort  Lee  and  the  Palisades. 

It  is  also  at  this  point  that  the  traveler  visiting 
he  New  World  for  the  first  time  from  the  Old,  will 
nd  one  of  the  most  marked  of  sensations  in  observ- 
ig  not  only  the  immense  variety  of  shipping  and 
[le  flags  of  all  nations  at  the  wharves  and  in  the 
tream,  but  the  many  particulars  in  which  the 
.merican  river  and  ferry  craft  differ  from  those  of 
ny  other  nation — the  prevailing  color  being  white, 
nd  both  strength  and  grace  often  sacrificed  to 
; peed  and  temporary  convenience. 


46 


snoii  T^TRIP  G UIBK 

NEW  YORK  CITY  AND  BROOKLYN. 

As  will  already  have  been  observed,  the  City  o 
New  York  lies  at  the  junction  of  the  North  or  Hud 
son  Kiver  and  Long  Island  Sound  (familiarly  callec 
the  East  Eiver),  having  thus  the  best  of  opportuni 
ties  for  cleanliness  and  health,  which  are  by  n 
means  always  embraced  with  due  diligence  an< 
faithfulness — the  city  being  always  ineffectual! 
cleaned,  in  comparison  with  the  cost  to  the  people 
and  often  disgracefully  dirty.  In  effect,  Brooklyr 
immediately  opposite  on  the  southeast,  and  con 
nected  with  it  by  half-a-dozen  or  more  well-manage 
steam-fenies,  is  a part  of  the  same  city,  thoug 
lying  in  another  county,  and  bearing  a differen 
name;  while  nearly  th^  same  maybe  said  of  bot 
Jersey  City  and  Hoboken,  on  the  New  Jersey  shore 
and  reached  in  the  same  manner  by  ferry. 

Before  proceeding  to  explore  the  city  or  suburbf 
it  should  be  noted  that  carriage-service  in  Ne^ 
York  is  very  high  and  very  bad;  cab-service  bette 
and  improving,  though  by  no  means  up  to  tb 
European  standard — so  that  the  first  should 
almost  entirely  avoided,  and  the  latter  much  oftene 
foregone  in  favor  of  the  public  conveyances  tha 
they  would  be  in  any  city  of  the  Old  World.  Tb 
ferries  should  be  used  freely,  not  only  for  necessar 
crossings,  but  as  an  additional  means  of  studyin 
the  topography  of  the  harbor,  and  the  excellence  ( 
the  system.  For  most  directions  the  street  horse 


NEW  TORK  CITY. 


47 


ars  [see  directions  for  those  cars,  different  lines, 
>p.  58  and  59,  and  following]  run  regularly  and  well, 
nd  are  comfortable,  except  at  morning  and  evening 
tours,  bringing  too  great  crowds;  and  the  Elevated 
lailroad,  from  South  Ferry,  and  omnibuses  from  the 
Brooklyn  Ferries,  are  available  and  respectable. 

Of  the  Streets,  the  best  worth  noting  is  Broadway, 
'hich  should  be  driven,  in  apen  carriage  if  con- 
enient,  from  its  commencement  at  the  Battery 
harbor  side)  to  its  virtual  termination  at  Madison 
iquare,  many  of  the  best  commercial  buildings  be- 
ig  thus  seen,  and  a succession  of  splendid  business 
rections  observed,  not  equalled,  perhaps,  in  any 
ther  city  of  either  continent.  Thence  Fifth  avenue 
hould  be  taken,  to  the  Central  Park,  and  cn 
eturn  Madison  avenue,  views  being  caught,  in 
be  two",  of  many  of  the  most  fashionable  pri- 
ate  erections  of  the  city.  Much  of  the  lead- 
ng  fashion  of  the  city  may  be  found  gathered 
i the  streets  running  out  from  Fifth  avenue,  from 
'ourteenth  to  Sixtieth  street — notably  on  Tioenty- 
iird,  Thirty  fourth,  Forty-second  streets,  &c.  The 
'owery  may  be  noted  as  the  people’s  or  east-side 
I roadway.  Greenwich  street  will  be  found  filling  a 
' )mewhat  similar  position  on  the  west  side;  Third, 
\ixth  and  Eighth  avenues  may  be  taken  as  fair 
' ^pes  of  prosperous  commonalty  and  bustle;  West 
I reel  (Hudson  Eiver  side)  will  be  found  to  supply 
I jam  quite  woithy  of  the  Strand  at  its  worst  hours; 


48  snORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 

and  still  further  down  town,  Wall  street,  Broad  | 
New  streets  command  attention  as  the  centres  of  the  | 
moneyed  interest.  In  Beooklyn,  the  most  notable  | 
streets  are  Montague  and  Clinton,  for  fashion;  Ftd- 
ion  and  Court  streets,  Atlantic  and  Myrtle  avenues, 
&c.,  for  business  activity;  Third  street.  Union  street. 
Fourth  avenue,  &c.,  as  drives ; Clinton,  Washing- 
ton, Bedford,  Grand  and  other  avenues,  for  sub- 
urban  beauty. 

Of  Wharves,  New  York  has  never  had  any  de- 
serving the  name,  though  a fine  water  front  is  now 
presented  at  the  Battery,  and  arrangements  are  in 
progress  to  supply  well-built  docks  along  both  rivers. 
Of  Markets,  the  Washington,  foot  of  Vesey  street,  j 
Hudson  River  side,  and  the  Fulton,  foot  of  Fulton  j 
street.  East  River  side,  will  be  found  among  the  j 
best  supplied  in  the  world,  though  the  buildings  j 
are  very  old  and  badly  kept.  Newer  and  better  i 
erections  are  the  Metropolitan,  foot  of  Thirty-fourth 
street.  North  River,  and  the  Tompkins,  Third  ave- 
nue and  Seventh  street.  Of  Museums,  the  Metro- 
politan Museum  of  Art,  Fourteenth  street,  near 
Sixth  avenue;  one  at  Central  Pai-k;  and  a small 
but  unique  one  (naval)  at  the  Brooklyn  Navy 
Yard.  Of  Libraries,  the  Astor,  Lafayette  Place; 
the  Mercantile,  Lenox,  Society,  Law,  American  Insti- 
tute, Historical,  Printers’,  Woman’s,  &c.  Of  Public 
Galleries,  that  of  the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art, 
(above  named)  ; the  Lenox,  Fifth  avenue  ; those 
of  the  picture-dealers,  Govpil  {Knoedler,  successor). 


nEW  TOUK  CITY. 


4D 


Somerallc,  Sneckcoi^  Schaiis,”  &q.,  with  aiiDual  exhi- 
bitions of  the  Academy  of  Design  (Twenty-third 
street  and  Fourth  avenue);  and  the  Private  Galle- 
ries of  some  of  the  wealthy  citizens  and  merchant- 
prirces,  of  taste  and  liberality,  are  very  credita- 
b’e,  and  sometimes  exhibited  to  the  public.  Large 
collections  of  national  and  celebrity  portraits  are  to 
be  seen  in  the  great  photograph  galleries  of  Kurtz, 
FredricJcs,  Eockwood,  Eogardus,  Sarony,  Mora,  and 
several  others.  Of  Hospitals,  the  leading  are  the 
' Bellevue,  Twenty-sixth  street  and  East  Kiver  ; New  ^ 
Yorh,  Fifth  avenue  ; St.  Lukes,  St.  Vincent’s,  Ger- 
man, Mt.  Sinai,  Woman^s,  Seamen's, — their  locations 
popularly  well  known,  and  easily  ascertained  by  any 
visitor  for  use  or  curiosity. 

Of  Educational  Institutions  and  the  structures 
C'-nnected,  the  following  are  most  notable  : Cohan- 
hia  College  (an  institution  of  moderate  ago  but  rep- 
utation and  usefulness,  and  with  Law  and  Mining 
Schools  attached).  East  Forty-ninth  street ; New 
York  University  (collegiate,  but  making  no  pre- 
tence to  fill  the  European  use  of  the  word),  Wash- 
ington Square  ; New  York  College  (formerly  the 
New  York  Free  Academy),  Twenty-third  street  and 
Lexington  avenue  ; College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons, East  Twenty-third  street  and  Fourth  ave- 
nue ; University  Medical  College,  Worth  street  ; 
Eutgers  Female  College,  Fifth  avenue  ; Union  Theo- 
logical Seminary,  University  Place  ; New  York  Law 


50 


SUORT^TIUP  GUIDE. 


Institute,  Chambers  street  ; Protestant  Episcopal 
Theological  Seminary  ; new  Normal  College,  &c.,  &c. 
In  connection  with  educational  facilities  it  should 
be  added,  that  the  Common  Schools  of  the  City  of 
New  York  are  the  best  in  the  world,  in  handsome 
and  commodious  buildings,  free  to  all,  numerously 
attended,  and  worth  observation  by  any  visitor. 

Of  Monuments,  New  York  has  as  follow^s:  In 
Central  Park  : ShaJcspeare,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  Hum- 
bolclt,  Schiller,  Webster,  Halleck,  Seventh  liegiment,  &c. 
In  Union  Square,  equestrian  statue  of  Washington, 
statues  of  Lafayette  and  Lincoln.  In  Madison  Square, 
monument  obelisk  to  General  Worth  and  statue  of 
Wm.  II.  Seward.  In  Trinity  Churchyard,  Maiiyrs' 
Memorial  (handsome  Gothic  structure  in  honor  of 
revolutionary  patriots  who  died  on  the  prison- 
ships);  monument  to  Cajytain  Lawrence,  who  fell  on 
the  Chesapeake;  the  horizontal  slab  over  the  re- 
mains of  the  heroine  of  th^  romance  of  the  same 
name,  Charlotte  Temple.  In  St.  Paul’s  Churchyard, 
shaft  to  Eobert  Emmett,  the  Irish  patriot’  monu- 
ment to  Gen.  Montgomery';  one  (back  of  church)  to 
George  Frederick  Cooke,  the  actor.  In  Printing 
House  Square,  bronze  statue  of  Franklin. 

Of  antiquities,  the  city  may  be  said  to  have  lit- 
erally none,  the  hand  of  ‘improvement”  having 
lately  been  very  busy  with  the  few  remaining.  The 
two  most  interesting  old  buildings  existing,  are  the 
Old  Walton  House,  Pearl  Street,  most  fashionable 


NEW  YORK  CITY, 


51 


residence  of  the  past  century,  now  decayed;  and 
the  Washingivn  Hotel,  Broadway  and  Battery  Place, 
once  the  residence  of  Gen.  Washington,  of  Sir  Guy 
Oarleton,  &c. 

Of  Churches,  few  command  any  attention  architec- 
turally, though  there  is  no  deficiency  as  to  number. 
The  two  oldest  were  the  North  Dutch,  Fulton  and 
William  streets,  not  long  since  demolished,  and 
the  Middle  Dutch,  used  as  a pr  son  by  the  British 
during  the  War  of  the  Revolution,  and  late  the  City 
Post  Office — Nassau,  Liberty  and  Cedar  streets. 
St.  Pauls,  Broadway  (where  the  pew  of  General 
Washington,  when  President,  still  remains),  and 
St.  Johns,  Varick  street,  best  deserve  present 
notice,  from  age  and  unpretending  grace ; and 
Trinity,  Broadway,  as  the  most  respectable  finished 
Gothic  erection  on  the  Continent — though  St.  Pat- 
rick's • Cathedral,  Fifth  avenue  and  Fiftieth  street, 
will  eventually  dwarf  it  and  all  others.  Those  re- 
maining, best  repaying  visits  of  curiosity,  are  St^ 
George's,  Rutherford  Place;  Grace  Church,  Broad- 
way; St.  Paul's  and  All  Souls,  Fourth  avenue; 
St.  Thomas',  Fifth  avenue;  Holy  Trinity,  Madison 
avenue;  SL  Mark's  (old),  Stuyvesant  street;  the 
Tabernacle,  Sit:th  avenue;  SL  Stephen's,  Twenty- 
eighth  street ; Dr.  Chapins,  Fifth  avenue  ; Dr.  Hep- 
icortDs,  MadiSon  avenue.  In  Brooklyn,  the  most 
notable  are  the  Holy  Trinity  and  St.  Ann's-on-ilie 
Heights,  both  on  Clinton  street ; Baptist,  Strong 
Place  ; Dr.  Eddy's,  Pierrepont  street ; Church  of 


52 


SHORT  TEIP  GUIDE. 


the  Pilgrims,  Henrj  street ; the  Tabernacle,  Scher- 
merhorii  street  ; St.  Charles  Borromeo  (Catholic), 
Sidney  Place, 

Of  Public  Buildings,  the  most  interesting,  from 
one  cause  or  another,  will  be  found  the  Citg  Hall, 
City  Hall  Park  (with  a collection  of  civic  and  heroic 
portraits  of  some  interest,  in  the  Governor  s 
Boom”);  the  New  Court  House  (unfinished,  but 
with  many  handsome  rooms)  same  place  ; the  City 
Prison  (‘"^  Tombs”),  Centre  street;  the  Custom 
House  and  Sub-Treasury,  Wall  street ; the  Cooper 
Institute,  junction  of  Third  and  Fourth  avenues  ; 
the  Bible  House,  opposite  the  preceding,  above  ; the 
Academy  of  Music,  Fourteenth  street  ; the  Academy 
of  Design  and  Christian  Association  buildings. 
Fourth  avenue  and  Twenty-third  street ; Booth's 
Theatre,  Twenty-third  street  ; the  Grand  Opera 
House,  Eighth  avenue;  Tammany  Hall,  Fourteenth 
street  ; the  Central  Police  Station,  Mulberry  street ; 
Hudson  River  Railrmd  Freight  Depot,  Hudson 
street  (with  colossal  bronze  of  much  oddity  and  a 
certain  merit,  on  the  principal  front,  dn  honor  of 
Cornelius  Vanderbilt)  ; new  Grand  Central  Depot, 
of  the  N.  Y.  Central,  Harlem?,  and  New  Haven  Bail- 
roads,  Fourth  avenue  and  Forty-second  street ; Post 
Office,  City  Hall  Park  ; Methodist  Book  Concern^ 
Broadway  and  Eleventh  street  ; Masonic  Hall, 
Twenty-third  street  and  Sixth  avenue  ; Stock  Ex- 
change (new),  Broad  street ; N.  Y.  Historical  Society, 
University  Place  ; Produce  Exchange^  Whitehall  st 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


^3 


•In  Brooklyn,  tlie  City  Hall  and  County  Court 
House,  Court  and  Fulton  streets  ; Academy  ef 
l\Iusic,  Montague  street ; Mercantile  Library,  and 
Art  Association  Building,  same  street  ; Atheneum-, 
Atlantic  avenue,  &c. 

New  York  has  many  Commercial  Buildings  of 
gTeat  cost  and  splendor — no  other  city  in  the  world 
having  more  of  what  may  be  designated  as  ‘‘  pal- 
'Eces,”  devoted  to  money  or  trade.  The  lead  is  taken 
among  purely  hnancial  buildings,  by  the  Park 
Bank,  Broadway.  No  less  than  three  structures 
devoted  to  Life  Assurance  command  much  atten- 
tion— those  of  the  Equitable  Society,  at  Broadway 
and  Cedar  street;  of  the  Mutual  Company,  Broad- 
way and  Liberty  street;  and  of  the  New  York  Com- 
pany, Broadway  and  Leonard  street ; while  the 
Western  Union  Telegraph  building,  Broadway  an^ 
Bey  street,  the  Drexd  Banking  House,  Wall  and 
Broad  streets,  the  Bennett  Building,  Nassau,  Ful- 
ton and  Ann  streets,  and  others  command  attention. 
The  most  prominent  among  what  are  called  the 

business  palaces,’’  are  those  of  A,  T,  Stevoart  & Co., 
Broadway  and  Chambers  street,  and  Broadway  and 
Ninth  street;  of  Lord  & Taylor,  Broadway  and 
Twentieth  street ; of  Arnold  S Constable,  Broad- 
way and  Nineteenth  street ; of  T{ffany,  Union 
Square  and  Fifteenth  street  ; of  the  Domestic 
Sewing  Machine  Company,  Broadway  and  Four- 
teenth street  ^ of  the  Wheeler  & Wilson  Sew'- 
iny  Machine  Comjmny,  Union  Square  ; of 


54 


SnOBT-TBlP  GUIDE. 


Applelons,  Broadway  ; of  Brooks  Brothers.  Broadway  i 
Harpers',  Franklin  Square  ; Frank  Leslie,  Pearl  st., 
Brewster's,  Fifth  avenue,  &c. 

There  are  many  private  dwellingg  of  great  cost^ 
splendor,  smd  varying  architectural  taste,  on  Fifth 
avenue  and  the  more  fashionable  streets  on  Murray 
Hill;  the  first  among  them  being  the  palace  of  the 
lately  deceased  A.  T.  Stewart,  at  Fifth  avenue  and 
Thii  ty-fourth  street,  of  which  the  details,  with- 
out and  within,  are  of  the  most  lavish  magnificence, 
while  the  picture  collection  is  very  rich  and  valuable^ 
Closely  following,  are  those  of  Mr.  Geo.  Opdyke,  Mr. 
IF.  H.  Vanderbilt,  Messrs.  Asior,  Judge  Hilton,  Mr. 
Lenox,  Mrs.  Stevens,  Mrs.  Coles,  Mr.  Jlurgar,  &c:, 
all  on  Fifih  avenue  ; Miss  Wolf,  Messrs.  Phelgys  and 
Dodge,  Madison  avenue,  ha.  01  Club  HonsC'^,  among 
pne  most  prominent  are  the  New  York,  Travelers', 
Knickerbocker,  Lotos,  Manhattan,  &c.,  Fifth  avenue  ; 
the  Union  League,  Madison  avenue,  &c. 

Of  Hotel  Buildings  (also  Hotels),  New  York  has 
many  of  great  size  and  fine  architecture,  p o mi  cent 
among  them  being  the  Windsor,  Fif  h avenue  and 
Forty-seventh  street ; Fifth  Avenue,  Fifth  avenue, 
Broadway  and  Twenty-fourth  street  ; Boss more, 
Broadway  and  Forty-second  street  ; Buckingham, 
Fifth  avenue  and  Fiitieth  street ; Grand  Central, 
Broadway  opposite  Bond  street ; Brecoort,  Fifth 
avenue  near  Washington  Park  ; As^or  House, 
Broadway  and  Barclay  street ; Si.  Nicholas,.  Broad-^ 


NEW'  YORK  CITY. 


55 


way  and  Spring  street  ; Metropolitan,  Broadway 
and  Prince  street ; Wedminster,  Irving  Place  and 
Sixteenth  street  ; Grand  Hotel,  Broadway  and 
Thirtieth  street  ; St.  Cloud,  Broadway  and  Forty- 
second  street  ; GUsey,  Broadway  and  Twenty-ninth 
street ; Sturtemnt,  Broadway  and  Twenty-eighth 
street ; St.  James,  Broadway  and  Twenty-sixth 
street ; Hoffman,  Broadway*  and  Twenty-fourth 
street  ; Coleman,  Broadway  and  Twenty-seventh 
street;  Everett,  Union  Square;  Clarendon,  Fourth 
avenue  ; Delmonico's,  Fifth  avenue  ; Berkeley,  Fifth 
avenue  and  Ninth  street  ; New  York,  Broad- 
way and  Fourth  street;  Earles,  Canal  street  ; 
Merchants*  (mercantile),  Cortlandt  street,  &c.  In 
Bkooklyn,  the  Pierrepont  House,  Montague  street, 
and  the  Mansion  House,  Hicks  street  Several 
Newspaper  Offices  of  mark  are  to  be  noticed  in 
New  York,  those  of  the  Evening  Post,  Broadway 
and  Fulton  street;  the  Tribune,  Printing  House 
Square;  the  Herald,  Broadway  and  Ann  street; 
the  Times,  and  the  Staats  Zeitung,  Bruiting  House 
Square- 

The  principal  Theatres  of  New  York  ClTy  proper 
are  Wallaces,  Broadway  and  Thirteenth  street ; the 
Olympic,  Broadway  near  B'eecker  street;  Niblo*s, 
Broadway  near  Prince  street ; Booth’s,  Twenty- 
third  street  and  Sixth  avenue ; the  Grand  Opem 
House,  Eighth  avenue  and  Twenty-third  6tr;.et  ; 
Dalys  New  Fifth  Avenue,  Twenty-eighth  street, 
near  Broadway;  the  Lyceum,  Fourteenth  street; 
Park,  Broadway  and  Twenty-second  street  ; New 


SEORi-miP  GUIDE. 


Broadway,  Broadway  and  Thirtieth  street  ; Union 
Square  Theatre,  Union  Square;  Twenty-third  Street, 
street  of  that  nanae;  Eagle,  Broadway  and  Thirty- 
third  street;  Germania  (German),  Fourteenth  street; 
and  the  Bowery,  street  of  that  name.  Opera  House, 
the  Academy  of  Music,  Fourteenth  street.  Aquarium, 
the  New  York,  Broadway  and  Thirty-fifth  street. 
Ethiopian  Minstrel  Hmises  and  Varieties,  Tony  Pas^ 
tor's,  the  San  Francisco  Minstrels,  &e.  Brooklyn  has 
several  excellent  places  of  am  i semen t,  in  the  Acad- 
emy of  Music,  Montague  street;  Brooklyn  Theatre^ 
Washington  street;  Park  Theatre,  Fulton  street; 
Hooleys  Opera  House,  Court  street;  the  Atheneum, 
Atlantic  avenue,  &c. 

Most  popular  Cnurches  (for  service).  Trinity, 
Broadway  (Episcopalian);  Grace,  Broadway  and 
Tenth  street  (Epis.);  the  Tabernacle,  Sixth  avenue 
andThirty-f  urth  street  (Cong.)  ; Dr.  Fifth 

avenue  and  Forty-fifth  street  (Univ.);  St.  Thomas^ 
Filth  avenue  (Epis.) ; Dr.  Tyng's,  Eutherford  Place 
(Epis.);  Fifth  Acenue,  Fifth  avenue  and  Nineteenth 
street  (Pres.)  ; Dr.  HepworiK s,  Madison  ave.  and  E. 
Fiirtv-fifth  st.  (Cong.)  ; St.  Paul's,  Fourth  ave.  and 
Twenty-second  street  (Methodist  Episcop.)  ; and  in 
Brooklyn,  Plymouth  Henry  Ward  Beecaer’s)^ 

Orange  street  (Cong.)  ; St.  Ann's  on-ihe- Heights  and 
the  Holy  Trinity  (Epis.),  both  on  C. inton  st.  ; Fb'st 
Baptist,  Nassau  street ; Strory  Place  (Bapt.),  Strong 
Place  ; Dr.  Talmage's  Tabernacle^  Schermerhorn  st. 
Present  Catholic  Cathedral  in  New  York, St. Patrick's, 
Mulberry  and  Houston  streets  ; with  other  leading 
Catholic  Churches  — St.  Stephen's,  Twenty-eighth 
street,  near  Third  avenue  (noted  for  fine  music}^ 


NEW  YORK  CITY, 


5T 

and  St.  Francis  Xavier's,  Sixteenth  street,  near 
Fifth  avenue. 

Public  Grounds — Central  Parh,  (see  ‘^Excur- 
sions,” following);  Washington,  Madison  and  Union 
Squares,  and  Battery  and  City  Hall  Parks,  most  of 
limited  dimensions,  but  all  assuming  attractive 
shapes,  and  most  of  them  being  provided  with 
music  on  certain  evenings  of  the  week,  daring  the 
warm  season;  and  Jones'  Wood,  lying  on  the  east- 
ern side  of  the  Island,  on  the  river,  opposite  the 
lower  end  of  the  Central  Park,  for  many  years 
frequented  and  famous  as  a place  for  great  out- 
door gatherings,  including  the  German  and  Irish 
festivals  and  the  Scottish  annual  games  ; Jerome 
Park,  Westchester  (also  see  “Excursions”);  and 
in  Brooklyn,  Prospect  Park  (also  see  “ Excur- 
sions”), Prospect  Park  Fair  Grounds,  Lefferts 
Park,  &c. 

Principal  Ferries : To  Brooklyn,  from  foot  Pul- 
ton street,  foot  Wall  street,  foot  Cathariae  street, 
Peck  Slip,  foot  Whitehall  street;  to  Jersey  City 
(and  Canard  Docks,  and  Pennsylvania  Kai.road), 
foot  Cortlandt  street,  and  foot  Desbrosses  street;  to 
Commtimpaw  (and  Nev/  Jersey  Central  Bailroad), 
foot  Liberty  street;  to  Hoboken  (and  Bremen  and 
Hamburg  steamers,  and  Morris  and  Essex  Bail- 
road),  foot  Barclay  street  and  foot  Christopher 
street;  to  Paconia  (and  passenger-depot  of  the 
Erie  Bailway),  foot  Chambers  street  and  foot 
Twenty-third  street;  to  Staten  Island,  foot  White- 


58 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE, 


liall  street  and  foot  Dey  street;  to  Hunter's  Point 
(and  Long  Island  Railroad),  James  Siip  and  foot 
Thirty-fourlii  street. 

PRINCIPAL  STREET  (hORSE)  RAILROADS. 

Second  Amnue  Line. — Cars  leave  Peck  Slip  (East  River, 
rear  Fultcn  Ferry),  run  tlirou^li  South,  Oliver,  Bowery, 
Grand  and  Christie  streets,  and  Second  avenue  to  One 
Hundred  and  Twenty-eighth  street,  Harlem.  Branch  Irom 
Broadway  at  Worth  street  to  Bowery,  and  thence  same 
route.  Third  A'cenue  Line. — Cars  leave  Broadway,  opposite 
Astor  House,  run  through  Park  Row,  Chatliam  street,  Bow- 
ery, Third  avenue  to  One  Hundred  and  Thirtieth  street, 
Harlem.  Fourth  Arenue  Line. — Cars  leave  Broadway,  oppo- 
site Astor  House,  run  through  Park  Row,  Centre  and 
Grand  streets.  Bowery  and  Fourth  avenue  to  Forty-second 
street,  (Grand  Central  Depot.)  Broadioay  Line. — Cars  leave 
Broadway  corner  Barclay  street,  run  through  Barclay, 
Church  and  Greene  streets,  Clinton  and  University  Places, 
Broadway  and  Seventh  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth  street  (Central 
Park).  Branch  of  this  road,  from  Broadway  at  Broome 
street,  through  Broome  street  to  Greene  stieet,  and  as  above. 
Sixth  Avenue  Line. — Cars  leave  Broadway,  corner  Vesey 
street,  run  through  Vesey,  Church  and  Chambers  streets. 
West  Broadway,  Canal,  Varick  and  Carmine  streets,  and 
Sixth  avenue  to  Fifty-ninth  street  (Central  Park).  Seventh 
Avenue  Line. — Cars  leave  Broadway,  corner  Park  Place, 
run  through  Park  Place,  Church,  Canal,  Sullivan  and  Mac- 
dougal  streets,  Clinton  place,  Greenwich  and  Seventh  ave- 
nues to  Fifty-ninth  street  (Central  Park).  Eghth  Avenue 
Line. — Cars  leave  Broadway,  corner  Vesey  street,  run 
through  Vesey,  Church  and  (diambers  streets.  West  Broad- 
way, Canal  and  Hudson  streets,  and  Eighth  avenue  to 
Filty -ninth  street  (Central  Park).  Branch  of  this  road,  from 
Broadway  at  Canal  street,  through  Canal  to  Hudson  street, 
and  as  above,  with  continuation  to  Manhattanville.  Ninth 
Avenue  Line, — Cars  leave  Broadway,  corner  Fulton  street, 
run  through  Fulton  and  Greenwich  streets  and  Ninth  ave- 
nue to  Fifty-fourth  street.  Lexington  Avenue  lAne. — Cars 
leave  Broadway  opposite  Astor  House,  run  through  Park 
Row,  Chatham  street.  Bowery,  Third  Avenue,  Thirty-fifth 


NEW  YOBK  CITY, 


59 


street,  Lex1n<rton  avenue  to  Forty-second  street  and  Fourth 
avenue  (Grand  ( 'entral  Depot).  Bleerlcer  Street  Line. — Cars 
leave  Fulton  ferry  (East  River),  rim  tliroiio:li  Fulton,  William 
and  Ann  streets,  Park  Row,  Centre,  Leonard,  El  n,  Howard, 
Crosby,  Bleecker,  Macdoucral,  West  Fourth,  West  Thir- 
teenth, Hudson,  West  Fourteenth  streets  and  Tenth  ave- 
nue to  Twenty-third  street.  Belt  Line. — (Eastern  division) : 
Cars  leave  South  ferry  (Battery),  run  through  Front  street. 
Old  Slip,  South,  Montgomery,  South,  Corlaers,  Grand, 
Goerck  and  East  Houston  streets.  Avenue  D,  East  Four- 
teenth street.  Avenue  A,  East  Twenty  third  street,  First 
avenue  and  Ea«t  Eift}^  ninth  street  to  Fifth  avenue  at  Cen- 
tral Park.  (Western  division) : Cars  leave  South  ferry 
(Battery),  run  through  Whitehall  street  and  Battery  Place, 
West  street.  Tenth  avenue  and  West  Fifty-ninth  street  to 
Fifth  avenue  at  Central  Park— the  two  forming  perfect  con- 
nection round  the  city.  Dry  Bock,  Line. — Cars  leave  Broad- 
way, opposite  Astor  House,  run  through  Park  Row,  Chat- 
ham street.  East  Broadway,  Grand  and  Columbia  streets. 
Avenue  D,  East  Eleventh  street  and  Avenue  B,  to  foot  East 
Fourteenth  street.  East  Broadway  Line. — Cars  leave  Broad- 
way, corner  Ann  street,'  run  through  Park  Row,  Chatham 
street,  East  Broadway,  Clinton  street.  Avenue  B,  East 
Fourteenth  street.  Avenue  A,  East  Twenty-third  street,  First 
avenue  to  Twenty -third  street  ferry.  Grand  and  Corilandt 
Line. — Cars  leave  Jersey  City  ferry,  foot  Cortlandt  street,  run 
through  Cortlandt,  Greenwich.  Beach,  Li-penard  and  Canal 
streets,  East  Broadway  and  Grand  stnet  to  Grand  street 
ferry  (East  River).  Cmss-Towii  Line. — Cars  leave  West 
Forty-second  street  at  Tenth  avenue,  run  tlirough  Tenth 
avenue,  Tliirty-fourth  street,  Broadway,  Twenty  tliird  street, 
Fourth  avenue.  Fourteenth  street,  and  east  side  minor 
streets  to  foot  of  Grand  street.  East  River.  Chur  h Street 
Line. — Cars  leave  Astor  House  (Vesey  street),  run  through 
New  Church  street.  Battery  Place  and  Whiteliall  street  to 
South  ferry.  Elevated  Eailway. — (Steam) — Cars  leave  sttition 
at  the  South  Ferry,  (extreme  lower  end  of  Bioadway) 
every  few  minutes,  through  or  rather  over  Greenwich 
street  and  Ninth  avenue,  to  Central  Park,  with  stopping- 
places  at  very  short  intervals,  «nd  many  extensions  projected. 
There  are  several  other  and  minor  roads,  cross-town  lines, 
&c.,  besides  those  here  given;  but  a.l  the  more  important 
have  been  enumerated,  and  the  least  inoiructed  visitor 


CO 


SIIOBT-TRIP  GVIDE.  . 


will  Lave  little  difficultj,  with  the  fore£roinpf  dirpctions,  in 
makinir  full  use  ot  these  great  conveniences.  It  will  be 
noted  that,  witli  a single  exception,  ti  e up  routes  of  all 
these  lines  have  been  given,  as  most  Intel  ligible ; some  of 
them  make  slight  variations  in  return  or  d »wn  roiues,  but 
when  so,  only  to  a small  distance.  Oinnif^mes,  np  Broadway 
TO  various  po  nts,  leave  South,  Wall  street  and 'Fulton  fer- 
ries, conspicuously  lettered  as  to  destinations. 

Other  objects  of  interest  to  those  maldng  longer  so- 
journ; the  East  Biver  By'idge,  now  building  between 
New  York  and  Brooklyn,  and  promising  to  be  one 
of  the  master-works  of  its  class  in  the  woiid;  the 
many  large  Ocean  and  B>ver  Steamer's  at  their 
wharves  ; Views  over  the  City,  from  high  buildings  ; 
Governor's  Idarid,  head-quarters  of  the  mili- 
tary deparlrhent  (reached  by  boat  from  South  ferry); 
the  Navy  Yard,  Brooklyn  (cars  from  Fulton  Perry);  j 
the  Penal  and  Charitable  Institutions  on  Blackwell's,  i 
Randall's  and  Ward's  Islands  (under  conirol  of 
Commissioners  of  Charities  and  Correction — build- 
ing, Third  avenue  and  Eleventh  street) ; and  a 
variety  of  Asylums  for  orphans  and  the  affl  cted. 

SUBURBS,  DRIVES  AND  EXCURSIONS. 

Or  Drives  and  Short  Excursions  (by  carriage), 
the  first  favorite  is  that  to  the 

Central  Park,  a large  and  admirable  public  i 
ground,  occupying  nearly  the  centre  of  the  Island, 
extending  in  width  from  Eifth  to  Eighth  avenue, 
and  in  length  from'  Fifty-ninth  to  One-Hundred  and 
Tenth  street,  handsomely  laid  out,  shaded  and  orna- 
mented, Viith  fine  roads  and  costly  bridges,  and 


I^EW  YOBR  CITY. 


61 


lactiii^  only  age  to  be  equal  to  any  public  ground 
in  Europe.  It  lias  a Lake,  with  boats  (service) ; a 
^luseuin,  with  Zoological  collection  and  many  other 
curiosities;  a Casino,  on  the  European  plan;  Publie 
Carriages,  making  the  round  of  the  Park  at  short 
intervals,  for  trifling  fare:  Statues  of  Shakspeare, 
Humboldt,  Schiller,  Morse,  Scott,  Webster,  Hal- 
leck,  &c.  ; statuary  groups  of  the  Hunter  and  his 
Dog,’'  ‘'Auld  Lang  Syne;”  and  presents  the  feature 
of  Music  by  a fine  band  every  Saturday  afternoon 
during  the  warm  season,  attracting  immense  con- 
courses of  people.  In  connection  are  also  to  be  seen 
the  Croton  Beceivinj  Beservoirs,  alleged  to  be  of 
size  enough,  and  to  contain  water  enough,  to  float 
the  navies  of  the  world.  [^Central  Park  may  also  be 
reached  by  horse-cars  from  the  City  Hall,  or  from 
most  of  the  ferries  (Belt  road  along  either  river),  by 
the  Elevated  Kailroad,  &c.]  Beyond,  the  drive  by 
carriage  is  often  and  profitably  extended  to  the  //ar- 
lem  and  Bloomingdale  Boads,  or  to  High  Beidge,  an 
aqueduct  Bridge  over  the  Harlem  Hiver,  of  great 
height  and  solidity;  or  to  Jerome  Park,  new  and 
handsome  trotting  and  racing  ground  of  the  Amer- 
ican Jockey  Club,  beyond  the  Harlem  River,  in  West- 
chester. Another  scarcely  less  fashionable  drive  is  to 
Prospect  Park,  the  new  but  very  handsome 
public  ground  of  Brooklyn,  which  bids  fair  to  rival 
if  not  to  excel  the  Central,  has  a Lake,  a Dairy  Cot- 
tage and  Barn,  a fine  stretch  of  natural  forest,  an 
elevated  drive  (the  Ocean  Parkway,”)  statue  of 


61a 


BUOET-TRIP  GUIDE. 


President  Lincoln  (at  entrance),  busts  of  Washington 
Irving,  John  Howard  Payne,  &c.  Music  by  a fine 
band,  Saturday  afternoons.  [May  also  be  reached 
irom  New  York  by  Fulton  ferry  and  by  horse-cars 
of  Flatbush  avenue  line.]  Near  Prospect  Park  is  to 
be  visited 

Greemvood  Cemetery,  one  of  the  largest  and  hand- 
somest Cities  of  the  Dead  on  the  globe,  with  lakes, 
rising  grounds,  fine  shades,  costly  monuments,  and 
all  the  other  melancholy  attractions  possible  to  be 
flung  around  places  of  burial.  Among  the  leading 
features  are  the  handsome  sculptured  Entrance  Way; 
the  Firemen’s,  Pilots’,  Old  Sea  Captain’s,  Canda, 
Scribner,  J.  G.  Bennett,  Greely  and  Clarke  monu- 
ments; the  tombs  of  William  E.  Burton,  the  comed- 
ian, Lola  Montez  (with  inscription,  “ Eliza  Gilbert”), 
Crawfoid  Livingston,  &c. ; the  vaults  of  Stephen 
Whitney,  William  Niblo,  &c.  Most  beautiful  point 
that  at  and  around  “ Sylvan  Water;”  finest  views, 
those  from  Ocean  Hill”  and  “Battle  Hill.”  [May 
also  be  reached  from  New  York  by  Fulton  Feriy  and 
horse-cars  of  th-;  Greenwood  or  Fifth  avenue  lines.] 
Service-carxiages  for  going  through  the  cemetery, 
may  always  be  found  at  the  entrance.  Beyond  Green- 
wood and  Prospect  Park,  the  same  drive  may  be 
profitably  extended  to  Proi^^yeet  Park  Pace  Course, 
and  by  grand  new  Ocean  Parkway,  to 

Coney  Island, — fine  sea-beach,  with  excellent 
bathing  and  great  and  improving  popularity  as  a 
riding  and  sailing  resort  for  visitors.  [May  also 


JS^EW  YOBK  CITY, 


G16 


be  readied  from  New  York  by  Falton  ferry,  and 
by  Smith  and  Jay  street  horse-cars;  or  by  either  of 
the  horse-cai  lines  to  Greenwood,  thence  by  steam 
to  the  beach;  or  by  steamer  from  New  York,  several 
times  daily  during  season.] 

Ocher  Short  Excursions  will  be  those  to  ih^Brooh- 
hjn  Navy  Yard,  wdh  extensive  Dry  Dock,  Museum 
of  Marine  Curiosities,  and  much  of  general  interest 
[horse-cars  from  Fulton  ferry,  ‘'‘Navy  Yard”];  to 
Fort  HamiJlon,  at  the  Narrows,  junction  of  the 
Upper  and  Lo  ver  bays,  with  for  till  cations  and  very 
fine  sea-view  [drive,  or  may  be  reached  by  Fulton  or 
Hamilton  ferry,  and  horse-cars] ; to  Evergreen  Ceme- 
tery, East  New  York  [drive,  or  Fulton  ferry  and 
Pulton  avenue  horse-cars];  to  Bockaway  Beach 
and  Far  Bockaway,  picturesque  line  of  coast  on  the 
South  side  of  L ng  Island,  celebrated  for  sailing, 
fishing,  and  as  a resort  always  cool  even  in  the 
hottest  weather,  owing  to  the  breezes  caused  by 
peninsular  posidon,  and  once  made  famous  by  the 
song  commencing: 

“ On  old  T^onof  Island’s  sea  ofirt  shore. 

Many  an  hour  I’ve  while  1 away, 

LisonuMir  to  the  breakers’  roar, 

Thai  washed  the  beach  ot  Kockaway.” 

[Perry  from  James  Slio  or  Thirty-fourth  street  to 
Hunter’s  lor  Lou  r Island  i.i;.  iilrjad;  or  ferry 

from  foot  ( f Grand  s reet,  East  Kiver,  lor  South- 
Side  K.ciirocu;  oi  iiorse-cars  to  East  New  York  fi'om 


SHORT^  TRIP  H XIIB'E, 


Fulton  or  South  ferries,  steam-oars  to  Canarsie  and 
boat  to  beach  ; or,  daily  excursion  boat  from  New 
York] ; to  Hoboken^  great  base-ball  and  cricket 
grounds^  and  favorite  German  resort,  across  the  Hud- 
son, in  New  Jersey  [ferry  from  Barclay  street  or 
Christopher  street]  ; to  Bergen  Point,  [drive  or 
hors.^-car  from  Jersey  City,  or  train  on  New  Jersey 
Central  Eailroad,  from  foot  Liberty  street] ; to  Pat- 
erson and  Passaic  Falls  [train  on  Erie  Railway,  foot 
Chambers  or  Twenty-third  street:  see  route  North 
by  Erie  Railway];  to  Newark,  largest  and  most 
thriving  city  in  New  Jersey  [train  on  Pennsylvania 
Railroad,  foot  of  Cortlandt  street;  see  route  New 
York  to  Piiiladelphia ; or  Newark  and  New  York 
Railroad,  foot  Liberty  street]  ; to  Elizabeth,  New 
Jersey  [train  on  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  foot  Cort- 
landt street,  or  New  Jersey  Central,  foot  Liberty 
street;]  to  Staten  Islajid,  {New  Brighton,  Sailors’ 
Snug  .Harbor,  Port  Richmond,  Elm  Park,  &c.,  by 
the  North  Shore  boats,  from  the  Battery  every 
hour;  and  Vanderbilt’s,  Quarantine,  Tompkins- 
ville,  Clifton,  &c.,  by  the  East  Shore  boats,  from 
Battery  or  foot  Dey  street. 

Longer  excursions  of  interest,  conveniently  made 
from  New  York,  those  to  (1) 

Lokg  Bra^^^ch,  great  sea-shore  resort  on  the 
New  Jersey  coast,  with  several  miles  of  tne  bluff, 
bold  surf -bathing,  admired  sea-view,  splendid  drives 
and  excursions,  and  an  immense  number  of  sum- 
mer hotels,  capable  of  accommodating  fifteen  to 


NEW  YORK  CITY.  Clc2 

twenty  thousand  visitors  (among  the  principal  the 
Ocean  Hotel,  West  End,  Mansion  House,  United 
States,  Brighton,  Howland,  Pavilion,  &c.),  and 
a present  popularity  making  it  the  most  generally 
sought  and  notable  place  on  the  American  sea- 
coast.  It  supplied  the  summer  residence  of  Presi- 
dent Grant,  and  has  many  cottages  of  the  wealthy. 
Near  it  are  Eatoniown  (with  Monmouth  Park  Race 
Ground  in  the  immediate  neighborhood),  Red  Bank, 
Deal,  and  other  villages  of  New  Jersey.  [Beached 
by  boats  of  the  New  Jersey  Southern  Bailroad,  to 
Sandy  Hook  (with  government  fortifications  and  en- 
trance to  the  Lower  Bay);  thence  rail,  by  the  High- 
lands of  Navesink  (fine  elevation,  with  splendid  sea- 
air  and  view,  and  summer-boarding  place  of  merit 
and  popularity — hotels,  Thompson  s,  Jenkinson'sf  Sea- 
bright,  &c.,  [the  whole  distance  within  sight  of  the 
sea.]  Or,  by  the  new  All-Bail  Boute  from  New 
York,  from  foot  of  Liberty  st.,  by  Central  Bailroad 
of  New  Jersey  (Communipaw  ferry),  and  Bah  way, 
to  Perth  Amboy,  Keyport,  Middletown,  Bed  Bank, 
&c.,  to  Long  Branch.  [From  Long  Branch  rail- 
way connection  to  Freehold,  and  thence  to  Trenton 
and  other  cities  of  West  New  Jersey;  or  train  may 
be  taken  for  Manchester,  Tom^s  River,  and  towns  of 
New  Jersey  further  southward;  to  Atlantic  City  or 
Philadelphia.]  To  (2) 

Lake  Mahopac,  pleasant  and  very  popular  minor 
watering-place,  with  handsome  quiet  wooded 
scenery,  islands,  fine  boating,  sailing,  fishing  and 


Snom-TRIP  GUIDE. 


<jU 

other  attractions.  Keached  by  Harlem  Eailroad,  in 
a few  hours,  through  the  very  fine  scenery  of  that 
line,  at  the  lower  edge  of  the  Hurl  son  Highlands. 
Hotels,  the  Gregory  House,  Baldwin  House,  &c* 
To  (3) 

Sckooley’s  M)untain  {Heath  House),  mineral 
springs  and  popular  summer  resort,  with  tine  air 
and  charming  scenery,  in  the  minor  mountains  of 
New  Jersey;  reached  by  the  Morris  and  Essex  Eail- 
road, from  foot  of  Barclay  street,  by  Morristown, 
one  of  the  handsomest  towns  and  most  popular  res- 
idences in  the  State,  to  HackettMown,  whence  short 
ride  by  stage-coach.  Also,  Budd's  Lake,  within  a 
few  miles  of  the  preceding,  and  reached  by  same 
conveyances — with  many  attractions  of  boating, 
fishing,  &c.  Also,  Lake  Ilopatcong,  with  similar 
attractions  to  the  place  last  named,  reached  by  the 
same  rai  road  to  St  mhope  or  Dover,  thence  carriage 
or  boat  to  destination.  To  (4) 

The  Delawaee  Water  Gap  {Kittaiinny  and 
Water  Gap  Houses)  lying  at  one  of  the  finest 
passes  of  the  Upoer  Delaware,  through  and  among 
the  mountains  dividing  Pennsylvania  and  New 
Jersey,  and  with  superb  mountain  and  river  scenery, 
pure  and  healthful  air,  and  much  poj)ularity  as  a 
place  of  summer  resort.  Has  many  features  of  es- 
pecial woodhind  beauty,  in  Rebecca's  Well,  Venus' 
Bath  and  Eureka  Falls,  views  from  Prospert  Rock, 
Fox  Hill,  &c.  [E,  oin  the  Water  G ip,  continuing 

by  rail,  may  be  reached  Stroudsburg  and  the  Lack- 


NEW  YORK  CITY,  6J/ 

awanna  Coal  Regions  of  Pennsylvania ; or,  south- 
ward, Eastony  Philadelphia,  &c.]  To  (5) 

Greenport,  Orient,  Babylon,  Fire  Island,  &c,,  minor 
watering-places  at  the  east  end  of  Long  Island  ; and 
to  Jamaica  and  other  places  nearer.  [Reached  by 
Long  Island  Railroad.]  Also,  to  Glen  Cove  and 
other  near  places  on  that  Island,  by  boat.  To  (6) 
West  Point,  by  evening  or  morning  boat  or  Hud- 
son River  railroad.  [See  route  to  West  Point,  Cats- 
kills, Albany,  &c.,  Route  No.  1.]  To  (7) 

New  Haven,  Conn.  [See  Route  No.  4,  p.  104. 
By  rail  on  that  route,  or  daily  boat  on  the  Sound, 
leaving  Peck  Slip  every  afternoon  for  that  place 
direct.]  To  (8) 

Bridgeport,  Norwalk,  and  other  towns  of  Con- 
necticut. [Rail  as  in  Route  No.  4.]  To  (9) 
Hartfoud,  capital  of  Conn.  [Rail  as  in  Route 
No.  4,  or  by  daily  boat  direct.] 


ROUTE  No.  1. -NORTHERN. 

NEW  YORK  TO  NIAGARA  FALLS  AND  CANADA,  BY 
HUDSON  RIVER,  NEW  YORK  CENTRAL 
RAILWAY  AND  CONNECTIONS. 

Division  A. 

NEW  YORK  TO  AND  AT  WEST  POINT  AND  HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The  transit  from  New  York  to  West  Point  and  the 
Highlands  may  be  made  in  from  two  to  four  hours, 
by  (1)  Hudson  River  Railroad  to  Garrison’s,  thence 
ferry  to  West  Point;  or  by  (2)  morning  boat  on  the 
river,  to  West  Point  direct;  or  (3)  evening  boat  on 
the  river,  also  direct.  Either  of  the  latter  is  prefer- 
able to  the  former,  for  reasons  hereafter  to  be  given. 

By  Bail. 

Leaving  New  York  by  rail,  on  Hudson  River 
Railroad,  the  first  object  of  special  interest,  except 
the  high  lands  at  and  about  Fort  Washington,  stud- 
ded with  fine  residences, — is  the  crossing  from 
New  York  island  to  the  main  land  of  Westchester,  at 
Kingsbridge  or  Spmjtenduyvel;  and  on  the  oppo- 
site or  western  side  of  the  river,  commence,  at  about 
the  same  point. 


ROUTE  NO.  1.~N0RTI1EBN. 


63 


The  PmsADES,  immense  almost  perpendicular 
masses  of  rock,  rising  sheer  from  the  river  on  that 
side,  ill  shape  suggesting  the  name,  and  continuing 
at  various  heights  of  hundreds  of  feet,  for  some  ten 
miles,  where  they  break  away  into  rugged  hills. 

Beyond  Spuytenduyvel,  the  first  place  of  impor- 
tance passed  through  is  the  handsome  small  town  of 
Yonkers;  then  Dobhs  Ferry,  with  the  long  wharf  of 
the  Erie  Railway  opposite,  at  Piermont,  and  a ferry 
between;  then  Tarrytown  (where  the  laying  over  of 
a train  may  be  well  compensated  in  visiting  ‘‘  Sunny- 
side,”  the  late  residence  of  Washington  Irving,  the 
Major  Andre  Monument,  &c.,  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood);  then  Sing-Sing,  with  its  strong 
State-prison  buildings,  and  on  the  opposite  bank  of 
the  river  a view  of  the  gorge  running  back  to  the 
celebrated  Rockland  Lake,  from  which  so  much  of 
the  best  ice  is  derived.  After  leaving  Sing-Sing, 
very  soon  is  crossed  the  Croton  River,  from  works 
on  wL^ich  and  the  lake  of  the  same  name,  the  New 
York  supply  of  water  is  derived.  Shortly  after 
crossing  the  Croton,  a mass  of  rocks,  rising  conically 
and  crowned  with  a light-house,  on  the  other  or 
west  side  of  the  river,  marks  Stony  Point,  cele- 
brated for  the  reckless  courage  displayed  in  its 
capture  by  Gen.  Wayne,  during  the  Revolutionary 
War.  The  next  stopping-place  of  importance  is 
Peekskill,  on  leaving  which  the 

Highlands  of  the  Hudson  are  entered,  pre- 
senting their  heavy  and  picturesque  masses  on  both 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


C4 

sides  of  the  river,  and  enchanting  the  eye  with  the 
continual  changes,  appearances  and  disappearances 
made  inevitable  by  the  course  of  the  railway  through 
them.  The  disembarkation  from  the  railway  is  made 
at  Garrison's  Landing,  whence  ferry-boat  and  omni- 
bus to  the  Military  Academy  or  one  of  the  hotels  at 
West  Point. 

By  Steamboat. 

Precisely  the  same  features  as  those  indicated  by 
rail,  will  be  enjoyed  by*  boat,  with  the  advantage  of 
both  sides  of  the  river  being  seen  in  lieu  of  one,  and 
the  additional  escaping  of  the  noise  inevitable  in 
riding  by  rail  along  rocky  passes.  When  entering 
the  Highlands,  however,  the  advantage  of  the  boat 
is  even  more  manifest,  as  there  is  scarcely  a river  or 
lake  approach  in  the  world,  so  magnificent  as  that 
through  the  Highlands  proper,  from  Peekskill  to 
West  Point — fine  as  any  one  point  of  the  Ehine, 
and  forcibly  reminding  the  Tourist  of  the  middle 
and  upper  portions  of  Loch  Lomond,  approaching 
and  above  Inversnaid.  It  is  from  boat  on  the  river, 
especially,  that  the  alternating  wild  beauty  and  rug- 
ged grandeur  of  the  giants  of  the  range,  their  feet  at 
the  very  water’s  edge,  can  best  be  appreciated. 

Morning  boats,  making  this  voyage,  and  then 
going  on  up  the  Hudson  to  Albany,  leave  New  York 
every  morning,  at  an  early  hour;  and  evening  boats, 
passing  through  the  Highlands  before  nightfall,  leave 
every  afternoon. 

Disembarkation,  from  either,  is  made  at  Cozzens* 


ROUTE  NO,  1.— NORTHERN, 


65 


or  the  Military  Academy  docks,  at  West  Point ; 
thence  to  the  hotels  by  omnibus. 

At  and  near  West  Point, 

One  of  the  principal  attractions  at  West  Point, 
consists  in  the  admirable  views  which  can  be  enjoyed 
either  from  Cozzens\  the  fashionable  hotel  and  sum- 
mer resort,  on  the  high  cliffs  below  the  Military 
Academy,  the  Parry  House,  in  the  same  vicinity,  or 
the  West  Point,  above  it,  making  quiet  lounging  a 
continued  luxury.  This  is  not  true  of  one  direction 
alone,  but  of  all,  the  elevation  being  high  and  the 
reaches  of  the  river,  above  and  below,  singularly 
beautiful.  Of  excursions,  the  most  notable  is  to 

Old  Fort  Putnam,  ruins,  with  some  portions  of 
solid  wall  remaining,  lying  on  a hill  westward  from 
the  Academy.  This  fort  must  always  retain  its 
interest,  as  the  ‘‘Key  of  the  Highlands”  during 
the  Kevolutionary  War,  and  the  scene  of  Arnold’s 
intended  treason.  The  views  from  it,  in  all  direc- 
tions, too,  are  the  very  finest  to  be  enjoyed  in  any 
portion  of  the  Highlands.  An  early  visit  will,  of 
course,  be  paid  to  the 

United  States  Military  Academy,  which  gives  the 
place  its  peculiar  importance,  and  which  ranks 
among  the  first  of  military  institutions,  with  some 
features  of  severity  attracting  peculiar  attention. 
[Information  as  to  modes  and  forms  of  visiting 
can  always  be  obtained  at  the  leading  hotels.]  In 
connection  with  the  Academy  comes  the  interesting 
spectacle, 


m 


SIIOBT-miP  GTJIDK 


Parade  of  the  Cadets  (morning  and  evening) — 
whicli  should  not  be  missed — the  evening  especially, 
by  any  who  desire  to  see  the  perpendicular  in  car- 
riage, the  angular  in  motion,  and  the  sharp  in  disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant  excursions  may  also  be  made  to  Butter- 
milk Falls,  in  the  neighborhood  ; and  across  the 
river  to  Cold  Spring,  and  to  the  Bohinson  House, 
standing  four  or  five  miles  south  from  it,  where 
Arnold  resided  at  the  time  of  his  treason.  Near 
Cold  Spring  may  also  be  seen  JJndercliff,  residence 
of  the  late  Gen.  Geo.  P.  Morris,  the  poet. 

Division  B. 

WEST  POINT  TO  AND  AT  THE  CATSKILL  MOUNTAINS. 

Northward  from  West  Point,  by  steamboat  on  the 
way  towards  Albany,  from  the  wharf ; or  rail  from 
Garrison’s  Station,  opposite.  Assuming  that  the 
boat  will  be  taken,  and  remembering  that  if  pro- 
ceeding by  rail  the  variation  of  scene  will  be  very 
slight — the  following  will  be  the  most  important 
features,  beyond  West  Point.  Emerging  from  the 
Highlands  proper,  and  passing  ''  Cro’nest  ” and 
Storm  King,”  the  largest  hills  of  the  range, 
and  also  Cornwall  Landing  on  the  left,  with  much 
beauty  and  picturesque  scenery  in  the  neighborhood 
(among  other  attractions.  Idle  wild,  residence  of  the 
late  N.  P.  Willis),  and  Fishkill  Landing  on  the 
right,  is  shortly  reached,  on  the  left, 


ROUTE  NO,  NORTHERN 


67 


Newbukgh,  very  slopingly  situated  on  the  high 
bank,  with  large  river-trade,  an  important  railway 
connection  westward  to  the  Erie  road,  and  one> 
feature  of  great  importance  • on  the  bluff  below : 
Washington's  Head- Quarter s,  a revolutionary  relic 
of  prominence,  with  many  reminders  of  the  struggle. 
Chief  Hotel,  the  United  States.  Above  Newburgh, 
though  the  river  is  fine,  there  is  no  feature  of 
marked  interest,  until,  at  the  right,  is  reached 

Poughkeepsie,  a large  town  with  some  pictur- 
esqueness of  location,  and  a triple  distinction  com- 
pounded of  its  heavy  river-trade  in  agricultural 
products,  the  manufacture  of  ale,  and  the  proximity 
of  the  noted  Vassar  Female  College. 

Within  a few  miles  after  leaving  Poughkeepsie, 
the  rough  scenery  is  supplemented  and  completed 
by  the  breaking  into  view,  far  ahead  and  to  the  left^ 
of  the 

CatsMll  Mountain  Range,  which  thenceforth 
scarcely  leaves  the  eye  of  the  tourist  until  arrival 
— so  graceful  is  the  outline,  and  so  beautifully  blue 
the  general  aspect.  Minor  landings  of  Hyde  Park, 
etc.,  are  passed,  to 

Rhinehechy  on  the  right,  where  landing  is  made  for 
Rondout  and  Kingston,  on  the  opposite  side  (con- 
nection by  ferry),  and  for 

The  Overlook  Mountain  (House  burned,  but  very  . 
soon  to  be  re-erected)  at  great  height  on  the 
southern  portion  of  Jthe  Catskills,  and  commanding 
a most  magnificent  view,  especially  eastward  and 


JSHOET-TRIP  GUIDE. 


southward.  Also  with  many  attractive  features  in 
the  neighborhood,  in  the  DeviVs  Kitchen,  Cleft  in  tht 
Rocks,  Pulpit  Bock,  Overlook  Cliff,  &c.  Also,  at  a lit- 
tle distance.  Shoe  Lake,  a beautiful  and  attractive 
sheet  of  water.  [Eeached  from  Ehinebeck  by  ferry 
to  Bondout,  thence  by  rail  to  West  Hurlexj ; thence 
by  stage-coach,  by  the  Sawkill  Creek  and  Woodstock, 
to  destination.  May  also  be  reached  by  evening 
boat,  direct  from  New  York  to  Eondout,  thence  as 
before.] 

Beyond  Ehinebeck  are  passed  Barrytown  and 
other  landings  on  the  right,  Malden  and  others  on 
the  left,  to 

Catshill  Landing,  point  of  disembarkation  for  the 
Mountains,  and  of  crossing  from  Oak  Hill  Station^ 
for  those  who  have  come  up  by  the  rail.  Also, 
popular  summer  resort,  at  the  Prospect  Park  House, 
immediately  above,  with  fine  grounds  and  admirable 
view;  at  the  Powell  House  (posting-house  for  the 
mountains,  on  the  wharf)  &c.  [Oatskill  Lauding 
may  also  be  reached  by  evening  boat  from  New  York 
direct,  and  direct  connection  made  for  the  moun- 
tains.] 

From  Oatskill  Landing  by  stage-coach,  always  in 
waiting  for  boats  and  trains,  by  Oatskill  Village,  the 
^ Half-  Way  House,  and  at  one-third  distance  of  the 
ascent  of  the  Mountains  proper,  the  Rip  Van- Winkle 
House,  with  a broad  flat  rock  beside  it,  on  which 
tradition  alleges  the  sleep  of  Irving’s  hero  to  have 
taken  place.  Views  over  the  Hudson  Valley  are  very 
fine,  before  reaching  the 


ROUTE  NO,  l.-^NORTHEm. 


69 


CaisMll  Mountain  House^  among  the  highest  of 
dll  American  places  of  eastern  sojourn,  and  in  many 
regards  the  superior  of  all  others  on  the  continent,  as 
to  situafion.  The  yiew  from  the  house,  over  the 
Hudson  river  and  valley,  is  wonderfully  extensive 
and  beautiful ; and  Sunrise^  as  seen  from  the  piazza, 
is  scarcely  second  to  the  same  spectacle  from  the 
famous  Swiss  Ehigi.  Of  excursions,  there  are  many 
and  most  pleasing.  The  most  interesting  (longer 
ones  by  carriage,  always  in  readiness)  follow.  To 
KautersMll  Falls^  wild  and  romantic  basin,  with 
two  cascades,  of  180  and  80  feet,  and  picturesque  in 
every  aspect,  above  and  below,  besides  being  sur- 
rounded by  wild  and  grand  mountain  and  ravine 
scenery,  and  views  of  High  Peak  and  Round  To]),, 
the  two  giants  of  the  range,  obtainable  from  different 
points.  (The  Laurel  House,  a popular  place  of  so- 
journ, standing  at  near  the  verge  of  the  falls,  affords 
residence  to  the  many  who  wish  to  study  the  splen- 
did scenery  in  this  immediate  neighborhood).  To 
the  LaJces,  small  sheets  of  water,  lying  in  primeval 
wildness ; short  walk  from  the  Mountain  House,  oi 
on  the  way  to  the  Falls.  Through  the  Clove,  one  ot 
the  most  remarkable  mountain  clefts  in  the  world, 
from  Palensville  towards  Hunter,  with  views  of  the 
beautiful  Faion^s  Leap  Fall,  To  Plauterlcill  and 
Stony  Cloves.  To  Parker's  Ledge,  overlooking  the 
> Clove.  To  Moses"  and  Sunset  Bocks.  To  the  tops 
of  the  South  Mountain,  North  Mountain,  etc.  To 
the  top  of  High  Peak,  laborious  ascent,  but  with 
magnificent  view,  etc. 


70 


SHOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Division  C. 

CATSKILL  MOUNTAINS  TO  AND  AT  ALBANY  AND 
TKOY.  , 

Leave  Oatskill  by  rail  from  Oak  Hill  Station ; or 
by  boat  from  New  York  from  Catskill  Landing; 
making  landing  at 

Hudson,  on  the  east  side  of  the  river,  a large 
and  thriving  town,  with  considerable  manufactures. 
[Point  of  departure  for  Lebanon  Springs  and  the 
Shaker  Village  connected  with  them;  as  also  for 
Colnmhia  Springs ; both  minor  watering-places  of 
salubrious  situation  and  increasing  popularity. 
Also,  railway  connection  east  for  Boston.]  From 
Hudson,  through  scenery  much  tamer  than  along 
the  Lower  Hudson — past  Athens  (whence  there  is  a 
railway  to  Albany),  Coxsaclcie,  New  Baltimore^  etc., 
on  the  left;  and  Stuyvesant^  Kinderhooh  (residence 
of  the  late  President  Martin  Van  Buren),  Castleion^ 
etc.,  on  the  right — to 

Albany,  Capital  of  the  State  of  New  York,  some- 
what picturesquely  situated  on  rising  ground,  on  the 
west  bank  of  the  Hudson,  with  Greenbush  opposite; 
the  river  spanned  by  a railway-bridge  of  recent 
erection  and  a certain  celebrity  on  account  of  the 
opposition  made  to  it  by  the  residents  of  Troy, 
^Higher  up  the  stream.  It  has  great  commercial 
importance,  as  the  virtual  head  of  sailing-vessel 
navigation  northward ; as  a heavy  lumber  and  tim- 
ber depot ; and  especially  as  the  point  at  which  the 


BOUTE  NO,  \.->NOBTHEBN 


71 


immense  carrying-trade  of  the  Erie  and  Champlain 
Canals  enters  the  Hudson. 

The  buildings  best  worth  a visit  and  observation 
are  the  Capitol  (now  being  replaced  by  a much  finer 
erection),  with  the  Senate  and  Assembly  Chambers 
(legislative  sessions  from  1st  January  to  1st  April) ; 
the  State  ZfJrarjr,  adjoining ; the  State  House,  with 
government  offices ; the  Dudley  Observatory,  rapidly 
assuming  position  as  one  of  the  first  institutions  of 
the  kind  in  the  country;  the  State  Arsenal;  the 
University ; the  Medical  College  (with  Museum) . 
the  City  Hall;  State  Normal  School,  &c.  Eides 
from  Albany  are  many  and  attractive — especially  to 
the  Cemetery  (one  of  the  handsomest  in  the  State), 
to  Cohoes  Falls,  Lansingburgh,  and  other  handsome 
and  thriving  villages  at  practicable  distance,  and  to 
some  one  of  the  ShaTcer  Villages  lying  northward — 
at  the  latter  of  which  (as  at  Lebanon),  the  most  odd 
and  peculiar  of  all  forms  of  worship  may  be  encoun- 
tered. Leading  hotels  at  Albany,  the  Delavan,  Stan- 
vnx  Hall,  Congress  Hall,  &c. 

From  Albany,  by  street-car,  omnibus  or  boat  to 

Troy,  some  eight  miles  up  the  rapidly-diminishing 
river  from  the  Capital,  where  will  be  found  nearly  a 
rival  of  the  latter  in  size  and  population,  its  superior 
in  beauty  of  location,  and  not  only  a fiourishing 
town  in  general  manufactures,  but  one  of  the  most 
extensive  lumber  and  timber  depots  in  the  world. 
It  lies  on  both  sides  of  the  river— the  eastern  portion 
called  by  the  common  name,  and  the  western,  West 


72 


8H0BT-TRIP  OXIIDE. 


Troy.  There  is  much  manufacturiug,  of  various 
j heavy  kinds  in  both  divisions,  but  especially  in  West 
Troy,  where  street-cars,  stoves  and  oilcloths  are 
among  the  principal  articles,  while  at  the  Watervliei 
Arsenal  (United  States  government)  the  founding 
of  small  arms  and  munitions  of  war  is  carried  or 
very  extensively.  Troy  has  also  additional  promt 
nence  from  the  junction  of  the  Northern,  Westerr 
and  Eastern  lines  of  railway,  here  occurring ; it  ha^ 
some  churches  of  prominence  {St.  John  and  St 
Paul,  the  principal)— the  Rensselaer  Pohjtechnic  In 
stitute,  and  the  Female  Seminary,  both  popular  ii 
management  and  extensive  in  influence.  Two  sligh 
eminences,  near  the  town,  bear  the  ridiculously 
classical  names  of  Mt.  Ida  and  Mt.  Olympus  j anc 
there  are  two  pretty  cemeteries — Oakwood  anc 
Mount  Ida.  From  Troy,  also,  may  be  conveniently 
reached,  by  carriage  or  other  conveyance,  Oolioes 
Lansingburgh,  &c. 

Divisioii  D. 

NEW  YORK  TO  ALBANY  OR  TROY  BY  NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those  who  have  before  made  the  passage  of  th 
Hudson  from  New  York  to  Albany  by  daylight;  o 
those  who  intend  to  return  by  some  day-route,  an< 
so  do  not  wish  to  consume  time  or  experience  fatigu 
on  the  route  northward  before  reaching  Albany — wil 
be  able  to  make  the  transit,  so  far  as  the  latte 
place,  by  night-steamers  on  the  Hudson,  leavin. 


ROUTE  NO,  l.—NOBTHERW. 

New  York  at  6 P.  M.,  finding  luxurious  accommoda- 
tion for  eating  and  sleeping,  on  board,  and  reaching 
Albany  or  Troy  at  so  early  an  hour  in  the  morning 
as  to  ensure  connection  with  the  trains  for  either  the 
Northern,  Western  or  Eastern  routes. 

For  this  transit  two  lines  present  themselves  : the 
People’s  Line  (New  Jersey  Steamboat  Company),  in 
the  very  large  and  splendid  boats  of  which  the  full 
luxury  of  American  river-navigation  is  seen;  and 
the  Citizens’  Line  (the  Troy  Citizens’  Steamboat 
Company),  displaying  less  splendor  though  supply- 
ing strong  and  efficient  boats,  and  making  a special- 
ty of  reduced  prices  as  compared  with  the  People’s 
Line. 

Going  by  either  of  these  lines,  in  the  long  days  of 
midsummer,  a considerable  portion  of  the  scenery  of 
the  lower  Hudson  is  passed ‘through  before  the  dis- 
appearance of  daylight;  and  if  time  at  or  near  the 
full  moon  can  be  chosen,  the  sail  under  such  cir- 
cumstances through  the  Hudson  Highlands  affords 
aspects  of  peculiar  beauty  not  otherwise  attainable. 

Division  E, 

; albajty  or  troy  to  akd  at  trekton  falls. 

t The  New  York  Central  Eailroad  will  be  taken  at 
'either  Albany  or  Troy,  bending  westward,  up  the 
rery  handsome  though  narrow 
*1  Valley  of  the  Mohawh,  considered  one  of  the  finest 
tin  America  for  tracts  of  quiet  beauty  in  scenery; 


74 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


and  often  within  sight  of  that  wonderful  enterprise 
in  original  construction  and  present  capacity  of  con- 
veyance, the 

Erie  Canals  which  crosses  the  Avhole  State  between 
Lake  Erie,  at  Buffalo,  and  the  Hudson,  at  Albany ; 
—by  Schenectady,  a quiet  little  old  town,  principally 
celebrated  as  having  been  the  scene  of  a dreadful 
conflagration  and  massacre  by  the  Indians,  during 
the  Eevolutionary  War.  [Railway  branches  here  for 
Saratoga,  Lake  George,  Lake  Champlain  and  Mon- 
treal, for  those  who  prefer.]  From  Schenectady,  by 
minor  stations  of  Fonda  ; Palatine  Bridge  [point  of 
disembarkation  for  Sharon  Springs,  reached  hence 
by  coach] ; Fort  Plain  [whence  coach  conveyance  i 
to  Otsego  Lake,  Cooperstoim  (residence  of  the  late 
Fenimore  Cooper)  and  Cherry  Valley'] ; Little  Falls 
(where  particular  attention  is  due  to  the  wondrous 
river-and-rock  scenery  of  the  pass  on  the  left) ; and 
Herkimer — ^to 

Utica,  one  of  the  flourishing  large  towns  of  Cen- 
tral New  York,  and  Capital  of  Oneida  County.  It 
is  pleasantly  situated  on  rising  ground  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Mohawk  River,  and  is  surrounded  by 
very  fertile  lands,  from  which  proceeds,  at  the  hands 
of  the  Welsh  and  other  residents,  one  of  the  principal 
cheese-manufactures  of  the  country.  The  town  stands 
on  the  site  of  old  Fort  Schuyler,  of  Revolutionary 
fame;  is  an  entrepot  of  both  the  New  York  Central 
Railroad  and  Erie  Canal ; and  has  a peculiar  though 
melancholy  attraction  in  the  large  and  well-managed 


BOUTE  NO.  l.—NOBTHEBN. 


75 


State  L-unaHc  Asylum.  Drives  around  Utica  are 
numerous  and  excellent.  Prominent  hotels  at  Utica, 
Baggs^  and  the  American. 

Lay  over  at  Utica  one  day  or  more,  and  proceed, 
either  by  carriage  direct,  or  by  cars  of  the  Utica  and 
Black  River  Railroad  to  South  Trenton  and  Trenton 
Falls  Station  (thence  by  omnibus),  to 

TREKTOiq-  Falls,  on  West  Canada  Creek,  branch 
of  the  Mohawk  River — a series  of  cascades  unexcelled 
in  the  world  for  picturesque  beauty.  The  principal 
falls  are  five  in  number,  successively,  passing  up  the 
stream,'  the  Sherman  Fall^  High  Fall,  Mill-Dam 
Fall,  Alhambra  Fall  and  Rocky  Heart.  To  appre- 
ciate and  enjoy  them  thoroughly,  the  tourist  needs 
to  descend  the  bank,  by  stairway,  to  the  rocky  level 
at  the  bottom,  as  far  as  practicable,  and  pass  up 
along  the  left  bank,  on  an  irregular  line  of  shelf- 
path,  easily  found,  and  presenting  little  difficulty 
and  no  danger  to  the  careful.  The  rock-strata  of 
this  remarkable  gorge  will  excite  mingled  wonder 
and  admiration, — as  will  the  really  unique  collection 
of  fossils  and  crystals  found  in  the  neigborhood  and 
kept  on  view  at  Moore^s  Hotel,  near  the  Falls.  Re- 
turning from  the  extreme  point  reached,  to  below 
the  Mill-Dam  Fall,  the  stairway  should  be  ascended, 

^ to  the  Rural  Retreat,  to  view  the  High  Fall  from 
J above — and  way  taken  back  to  tlie  Hotel  through;, 
the  fine  woods.  Return  to  Utica  for  pursuance  of 
route  northward. 


70 


8H0BT-TBIP  GUIDE. 
Division  F. 


TREITTOK  FALLS  AKD  UTICA  TO  NIAGAEA  FALLS. 

Leave  Utica  by  rail  on  New  York  Central  Eail- 
road,  to 

Eome,  a thriving  town,  also  on  the  Mohawk 
Eiver  and  the  Erie  Canal.  [Here,  those  who  wish 
to  proceed  more  directly  to  the  St.  Lawrence  and 
Canada,  may  take  Eome,  Watertown  and  Ogden s- 
burgh  Kailroad,  to  Watertown^  for  crossing  to  Kings- 
ton and  the  Grand  Trunk  Line  in  either  direction — 
or  to  OgdenshurgJi^  for  crossing  to  Prescott  and 
nearest  route  to  Ottawa].  Eome,  continuing  by  New 
York  Central,  to 

Syeacuse,  large  and  flourishing  town  of  Onon- 
daga County,  at  the  junction  of  the  Erie  and  Oswego 
Canals,  with  an  immense  production  of  salt  from 
the  Salt-wells,  and  the  peculiar  celebrity  of  having 
long  been  the  favorite  place  for  j^olitical  conven- 
tions. It  is  pleasantly  situated  at  the  south  end 
of  Onondaga  Lake.  [Eailway  connection,  here, 
southward  by  the  Syracuse  and  Binghamton  Eail- 
road,  to  Binghamton  and  the  Erie  Eailway ; and 
northward  to  Oswego,  on  the  shore  of  Lake  Ontario, 
with  steamer  connection  to  Canadian  ports  and  down 
the  St.  Lawrence.  Branch  line  of  the  New  York 
Central  may  also  be  taken,  at  Syracuse,  diiect  to 
Buffalo,  by 

Aubuek,  flourishing  town  on  Cayuga  Lake,  and 
capital  of  Cayuga  County,  where  one  of  the  Newjf 


EOUTE  NO.  l.^NOBTHERN. 


77 


York  State  Prisons  is  located,  and  where  Secretary 
Seward  has  long  resided — by  Cayuga,  Geneva,  Can^ 
andaigua  (whence  branch  lines  to  Rochester  and 
southward  to  the  Erie  Railway  ^at  Elmira),  Cale- 
donia, LeRoy  and  Batavia.'] 

By  main  line,  from  Syracuse,  by  Clyde,  Lyons 
and  Palmyra,  to 

Rochester,  on  the  Genesee  River,  one  of  the 
largest  towns  of  Northern  New  York,  and  one  of 
the  most  prosperous.  It  has  a great  natural  curi- 
osity, in  Genesee  Falls,  a single  cataract  of  eminence, 
in  jumping  from  which  /*  Sam  Patch,^^  the  leaper, 
lost  his  life,  many  years  ago.  Artificially,  its  lead- 
ing attractions  are  the  great  Erie  Canal  Aqiiedtict 
over  the  Genesee ; the  Rochester  University  and 
Theological  Seminary ; Mount  Hope  Cemetery ; St. 
Mary^s  Hospital,  etc.  [Railway  connection  south- 
ward to  the  Erie  Railway,  at  Corning;  also  by  rail 
to  Charlotte,  on  the  lake  shore,  w'hence  boats  to  all 
points  on  Lake  Ontario].  Leading  hotels,  the  Os- 
horn.  Congress,  Brackett,  &c. 

From  Rochester,  by  New  York  Central,  by  Brock- 
port,  Albion,  Medina,  and  Lockport  (point  of  en- 
trance into  the  Erie  Canal,  from  Lake  Erie),  to 
Niagara  (village),  and  ^ 

Niagara  Falls,  first  natural  curiosity  of  America 
and  admittedly  among  the  first  in  the  world. 


SEOBT-TRIF  GUWK 
Division  G. 

AT  AKD  ABOUT  NIAGARA. 

Most  students  of  geography,  even  those  who  have 
never  traveled,  know  that  the  Falls  of  Niagara  lie 
between  the  State  of  New  York,  and  Canada,  and 
that  they  are  formed  by  the  rushing  through  the 
comparatively  narrow  pass  of  the  Niagara  River, 
over  a curved  shelf  of  uneven  rocks,  of  all  the  mighty 
mass  of  water  going  eastward  from  Lake  Erie  to 
Lake  Ontario ; and  to  a smaller  number  of  non. 
visitors  are  known  the  additional  facts  that  the 
Morse-Shoe  Fall  (Canadian  side)  is  1,800  feet  across; 
that  Goat  Island,  separating  the  two,  is  500  feet  in 
width ; that  the  American  Fall  is  only  900  feet  in 
width;  that  the  average  depth  of  descent  is  esti- 
mated to  be  about  160  feet;  and  that  the  enormous 
amount  of  100,000,000  tons  of  water  is  believed  to 
pass  over  the  ledge  every  hour— nearly  1,500,000 
tons  every  minute,  and  about  25,000  tons  every 
second  or  beat  of  the  pulse ! Beyond  this,  no  addi- 
tional statistics  need  be  given,  except  that  the  banks 
of  the  river,  below  the  falls,  have  a perpendicular 
height  of  about  180  feet,  and  that  the  mass  of  water, 
below,  all  the  way  to  the  Whirlpool,  is  compressed 
into  an  average  space  of  about  480  feet  of  width. 

It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  say  that  days  of  sojourn 
at  the  Falls  are  desirable,  to  see  them  in  all  their 
varying  aspect  and  become  fully  acquainted  with 
aieir  beauty  (often  underrated)  as  well  their  gran- 


ROUTE  NO.  1.— NORTHERN.  79 

deur.  The  short-trip  traveler,  Iiowever,  will  be 
better  served  than  otherwise,  with  a brief  statement 
of  the  points  of  view  most  absolutely  necessary  and 
most  conveniently  attained.  Of  these  are  (1)  that 
Over  the  Rapids— Vm-w  caught  in  passing  from  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Cataract  House,  by  the  fragile- 
looking  but  perfectly-secure  bridge,  to  Goat  Island. 
It  is  doubtful  whether  the  cataract  itself  is  more  im- 
pressive than  this  mad  rush  of  waters,  threatening  to 
sweep  away  the  beholder  at  any  instant,  and  sug- 
gestingall  the  images  of  beautiful  rage  and  fury.  (3), 
^ Froin  Goat  Island,  over  the  Canadian  Fall,  the 
Canada  shore  and  the  lower  rapids — with  the  shape 
■Jf  the  horseshoe  fully  defined,  and  the  rainbow  al- 
nost  constant  during  fine  weather.  (3), 

From  New  Observatory,  below  the  American  Fall, 
and  near  the  Inclined  Railway,  with  stained  glass  for 
efiects,  &c.  Eeaehed  from  Prospect  Park,  in  rear  of 
Intern  ation  al  House.  From  Inclined  Kailwav,  Ferry 
to  Canada  side,  (4),  " ^ 

From  Prospect  Point,  (within  the  Prospect  Park,) 
on  the  American  side,  giving  the  American  Fall  al- 
most at  the  feet,  and  the  Canadian  Fall  and  shore 
broadly  opposite.  (5), 

^ From  lender  the  American  Fall,  down-river  side, 
maching  that  point  by  descent  of  steps  or  Inclined 
Railwaij,  from  Prospect  Point.  Prom  no  other 
point  of  view  can  the  impression  of  the  broken 
bright  water  really  falling  from  the  clouds,  be  caught 
m such  enchanting  perfection.  (6), 


80 


mOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


From  the  River,  crossing  the  lower  rapids  by  boat, 
and  looking  np  to  the  Falls  from  the  greatest  attain- 
able depth  below  them.  (7), 

From  the  Suspension  Bridges,  especially  the  npper 

and  smaller  one,  near  the  Falls.  (8), 

From  the  Clifton  Ledge,  in  front  of  the  Clifton 
House,  on  the  Canadian  side— the  American  Fall 
being  seen  from  this  point  to  perhaps  even  better 
advantage,  and  the  whole  ensemble  of  the  Falls  bet- 
ter caught,  than  even  in  the  view  (9), 

From  Table  Bock,  higher  up  on  the  Canadian 
side,  immediately  at  the  verge  and  edge  of  the  Horse 
Shoe  Fall,  always  a favorite  with  experienced . vist 
tors,  and  from  which  point  the  view  in  Church’s 
great  picture  was  taken.  Descent 

Under  the  Falls  may  be  made,  by  those  who  hav( 
taste  for  that  style  of  adventure— either  by  goins 
down  the  Biddle  Staircase,  from  Goat  Island  (unde 
American  Fall  and  to  the  Cave  of  tlie  "Winds'),  or  th 
staircase  at  Table  Eock  (under  Canadian  Fall,  t 
Termination  Rock).  Neither  of  these  descents  shoul 
be  made,  however,  without  due  preparation  of  watei 
proof  clothing  (kept  on  hand  at  both  points  named; 
and  the  services  of  a capital  guide. 

Lunar  Island,  joined  by  a bridge  to  Goat  Islaii 
on  the  right,  should  be  visited,  in  sunlight  to  S6 
the  Rainbow  of  the  Falls  in  greatest  perfection  an( 
in  moonlight,  if  the  time  of  visit  so  serves,  in  tt 
chance  of  seeing  that  most  wonderful  of  spectacle 
the  Lunar  rainbow. 


ROUTE  NO.  NORTHERN  81 

The  Sister  Islands  (fcliree)  are  now  connected  with 
Goat  Island  and  with  each  other,  by  strong  and 
I handsome  suspension-bridges;  and  no  visitor  to  the 
Falls  should  fail  to  go  out  on  each  of  them,  for  the 
I unequalled  view  of  the  Upper  Kapids  thus  to  be 
i.  obtained.  That  from  the  extreme  outward  one  is 
; perhaps  the  finest  of  all. 

The  Whirlpool  and  Whirlpool  Rapids,  three  miles 
: below  the  Palls,  on  the  American  side  (elevator  to 
I iescend  to  the  river-side,  at  the  latter),  show  some 
i of  the  most  terrible  rushes  of  water  in  the  world, 
md  also  the  outlet,  beyond,  into  the  deep-banked 
I river. 

I:  Other  Spots  to  be  profitably  visited  at  and  near 
I die  Falls,  may  be  named 

p Grand  Island,  very  large  island,  above  (reached 
j’ly  ferry)  notable  as  the  spot  where  Major  Mordecai 
! il.  Noah,  of  New  York,  some  fifty  years  ago  com- 
f nenced  to  build  what  he  believed  to  be  the  City  of 
I Kestoration  of  the  Jews.  (Monument  commemora- 
i^^ave,  still  remaining) ; 

f Burning  Spring,  within  a short  walk  above  the 
I'  alls,  on  die  Canada  side,  showing  some  rare  phe- 
; lomena  in  liquid  combustion ; 

1 Lundy’s  Lane  (Canada  side — carriage),  scene  of 
I he  Battle  of  Chippewa  (1812),  with  observatories  f 
t-nd  many  stories  of  that  battle;  ^ 

I Queenston  and  Lewiston,  opposite  towns  on  the 
I Niagara  Eiver,  seven  or  eight  miles  below  the  Falls; 

. he  former  (Canada  side)  with  a handsome  monu- 


83 


SHORT- TBIP  GUIDE. 


ment  to  the  English  General  Brock,  who  fell  here  in 
1812.  Prominent  hotels  at  Niagara,  the  Interna^ 
tional,  Cataract  and  Park  Place,  on  the  American 
side  ; and  the  Clifton,  on  the  Canada  side. 

[From  Niagara  (Suspension  Bridge)  through 
Canada,  by  Great  Western  Eailway,  to  Detroit, 
Chicago,  and  the  West  (including  California)  ; or, 
Niagara  to  Buffalo,  and  West  by  the  Lake  Shore 
Eailroad ; or,  by  the  Grand  Trunk,  to  Toronto, 
Ottawa,  Montreal,  and  other  Canadian  cities;  or, 
rail  to  Kingston,  and  thence  boat  to  and  down  the 
Eiver  St.  Lawrence  to  Montreal,  etc.  [See  Cana- 
dian routes.] 


ROUTE  NO.  2.-N0RTHERN. 


ITEW  YORK  TO  BUFFALO,  NIAGARA  FALLS  AND 
CJkNADA,  BY  THE  ERIE  RAILWAY. 

Leave  New  York  (by  morning  train,  for  enjoy- 
ment of  Delaware  and  Susquehanna  scenery)  by 
ferry  from  foot  Chambers  St.,  or  foot  23d  St,  to 
Long  Dock  at  Pavouia  (New  Jersey),  midway  be- 
tween the  towns  of  Hoboken  and  Jersey  City — the 
immense  range  of  wharf  commanding  admiration  for 
the  enterprize  which  has  created  the  whole  from 
tide- water  and  useless  marsh;  and  its  importance 
for  a short  time  added  to,  as  the  site  of  the  piers 
and  houses  of  the  White  Star  Line  of  Steamers  to 
Liverpool,  now  removed. 

From  Long  Dock,  by  rail,  on  the  Erie  Eailway : 
the  first  point  of  interest  after  departure  being 
the 

Bergen  Tunnel^  through  the  West  Bergen  Hills, 
reached  within  a few  moments  after  leaving  the 
wharf,  three-quarter  mile  in  length,  and  considered  a 
most  costly  and  elaborate  piece  of  engineering,  until 
dwarfed  by  recent  examples  in  the  same  line.  Be- 
yond, the  first  town  of  any  importance  passed 
through,  is 

Paterson,  New  Jersey,  capital  of  Passaic  County, 
in  that  State;  the  town  presenting  many  interesting 


84 


SHOBT^TRIP  GUIDE, 


features  in  manufactures  and  industry.  Paper,  cot- 
ton, silk  and  other  fabrics  are  extensively  produced ; 
and  iron  and  steel  working  have  even  more  promi- 
nence. The  Ivanhoe  Paper  Mills,  here,  are  the  most 
extensive  in  the  country ; Paterson  foundries  boast 
of  being  able  to  produce  steamship-shafts  and  other 
heavy  irons,  of  greater  size  than  any  others  in  Ame- 
rica; and  two  of  the  most  successful  and  notable  of 
the  establishments  for  the  manufacture  of  locomo- 
tive engines,  in  the  world,  are  located  here— those  of 
Grant,  and  of  the  Rogers  Co.,  of  whom  the  former 
won  the  great  gold  medal  at  the  French  Exposition 
ot  1867,  for  the  splendid  locomotive  America,” 
Within  the  boundaries  of  the  town  are  also  to  be 
seen  the 

Passaic  Falls,  on  the  river  of  the  same  name — 
well  worthy  the  tourist’s  attention,  from  the  peculiar 
character  of  the  chasm  into  which  the  river  leaps, 
and  the  rock-scenery  in  the  vicinity.  Beyond  Pater- 
son, the  scenery,  which  has  so  far  been  tame,  rough- 
ens and  becomes  better  worthy  of  notice,  as  the  hills 
of  Grange  County  begin  to  break  into  view;  and 
thenceforth,  for  a long  distance,  it  may  be  said  that 
the  Erie  road  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  in 
America — a marvel  of  wild  natural  beauty  in  sur- 
roundings, as  well  as  of  enterprize  in  engineering. 
At 

Sufferris  Station  [junction  with  the  old  road, 
now  used  for  freight  only,  to  Pierniont,  on  the  Hud 
son],  commences  the  fine  scenery  of  the 


BOUTE  NO,  2,--N0BTB:EBN 


85 


Ramapo  Mountains,  Gap  and  Valley,  scene  of 
many  of  General  Washington’s  warlike  operations; 
and  the  country  around  and  beyond,  entering  Orange 
County,  in  the  State  of  New  York,  equally  cele- 
brated for  the  wonderful  richness  of  its  dairy  pro- 
ducts— the  noted  Orange  County  milk  and  iutter. 

At  Sloatsl)U7'g,  stage  may  be  taken  to  Greenwood 
Lake,  a rural  summer  resort  of  much  beauty  and 
some  popularity. 

At  Greycourt  occurs  the  junction  with  another 
and  now  more  important  branch  of  the  line — that  to 
Newburgh,  on  the  Hudson.  Also,  connection  to 
favorite  watering-place,  Greenwood  Lake.  At 

Goshen,  connection  with  Montgomery  and  Wal- 
kill  Valley  Branch,  for  Kingston  and  Eondout* 
Soon  after  is  reached 

Middletown,  largest  town  of  Orange  Co.,  with  much 
industry,  extensive  iron-works,  an  academy,  and  a 
surrounding  country  at  once  fertile  and  picturesque. 
Beyond  Middletown  soon  comes  into  view  the  mag- 
nificent scenery  and  bold  engineering  operations  con- 
nected with  the  great 

Shawangunk  Mountain,  the  passage  around  which, 
by  railway,  was  once  deemed  impossible.  Prom  this 
point,  alternate  rock  cuttings  of  great  depth  and 
length,  and  magnificent  views  over  the  Neversink 
Valley  and  into  the  wild  gorges  of  the  Upper  Dela- 
ware (river),  of  which  the  first  comprehensive  views 
are  caught  shortly  before  reaching 

Port  Jei'vis,  a village  picturesquely  situated  among 
the  mountains,  at  the  point  of  junction  of  three 


86 


SHOBT^TRIP  GUIDE. 


States — New  York,  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania, 
and  once  enjoying  evil  repute  from  the  facility  with 
which  doubtful  characters  residing  there  could  quiet 
ly  change  their  State  and  thus  baffle  the  officers  of 
justice.  It  is  now  a place  of  limited  summer  resort 
and  the  end  of  the  first  or  Eastern  Division  of  the 
Erie  road.  \^Falls  of  the  SaioMll^  fine  cascades,  six 
miles  distant,  by  carriage  or  stage-coach.] 

Beyond  Port  Jervis  the  tourist  enjoys  fine  views 
of  the  Delaware  and  Hudson  Canal,  in  full  opera- 
tion; and  then  comes  the  yet  wilder  scenery  of  the 
Upper  Delaware,  the  road  running  in  many  places 
closely  along  its  high  rocky  banks,  and  the  en- 
gineering of  the  whole  line  at  this  section  worthy  of 
being  remembered  beside  that  of  the  Ehone  Valley 
road  among  the  heights  of  Jura,  and  that  of  the 
road  through  the  Apennines  between  Bologna  and 
Elorence.  At  near  Shohola,  perhaps  the  finest  and 
wildest  portion  of  the  railway  scenery  is  passed; 
though  the  views  approaching  and  leaving  Lacka- 
waxen  should  by  no  means  be  lost.  Passing  Mast 
Hope,  Narrowsburg,  Callicoon  (the  latter  and  indeed 
all  the  places  lately  named,  great  headquarters  for 
trout-fishermen  and  mountain-sportsmen  generally) 
and  Hancock, 

At  Deposit  (formerly  dinner-station)  farewell  is  bid- 
den to  Delaware  Eiver.  Beyond  this  point  the  grade 
is  somewhat  heavy  and  the  ascent  slow,  until  the  top 
of  the  ridge  is  reached,  after  which  follows  corres- 
pondingly rapid  descent  for  a certain  distance.  Not 


BOUTE  NO.  2.—N0BTUEBN. 


87 


long  after  commencement  of  the  descent,  is  crossed 
the  once  celebrated 

Cascac7e  Bridge^  with  a single  arch  over  a ravine 
nearly  two  hundred  feet  in  depth  (now  chang'^ed  to 
a high  embankment)  ; and  here  begin  to  be  caught 
wonderful  views  over  the  lovely  Valley  of  the  Susque- 
hanna and  the  fine  Elver  of  that  nam^.  Very  soon 
afcer  is  crossed  the 

St'arucca  Viaduct,  a splendid  stone  structure  some 
1,200  feet  in  length  and  about  120  feet  in  height — 
considered  one  of  the  noblest  railway  bridges  on  the 
Continent,  while  the  scenery  from  and  around  it  is 
wondrously  lovely  and  attractive.  Still  another 
high  crossing  is  made  over  a fine  wooden  trestle 
bridge,  at  LaneslorougJi ; and  then  is  reached 

Susquehanna,  now  dinner- station  and  the  end  of 
the  second  or  Delaware  division  of  the  road,  as  well 
as  noted  for  engine-work  and  other  heavy  manufac- 
tures. Only  a few  miles  beyond  is  reached 

Great  Bend,  another  important  railway  station, 
and  the  point  of  intersection  with  this  road,  of  the 
Delaware,  Lackawanna  and  Western  Eoad,  from  the 
Coal  Kegions  of  Pennsylvania.  [Near  Kirkwood, 
next  station  beyond,  may  be  seen  an  old  wooden 
house  possessing  a certain  interest  as  the  place  of 
birth  of  the  first  Morman  prophet,  Joe  Smith].  The 
next  place  of  importance  reached  is 
Bi:i^anAMTOir,  handsomely  situated  at  the  junc- 
tion of  the  Susquehanna  and  Chenango  rivers,  and 
deriving  its  name  from  an  early  settler,  Mr.  Bing- 


88 


SHORT- TBIP  GUIDE, 


ham,  ancestor  on  one  side  of  the  present  noble 
English  banking  family,  the  Ashburton-Barings. 
Site  of  the  New  York  State  Inelriate  Asylum; 
and  a thriving  and  healthful  town.  [Connection 
with  the  New  York  Central  Eailroad,  by  the  Syra- 
cuse and  Binghamton  road.]  The  next  important 
station  is 

OiuegOy  a large  and  handsome  village,  on  creek  of 
the  same  name,  with  Glenmary,  old  residence  of 
N.  P.  Willis,  near  it.  [Connection,  northward,  by 
rail,  to 

Ithaca^  handsome  town  at  the  head  (or  south 
end),  of  Cayuga  Lake,  seat  of  Cornell  University, 
and  with  much  fine  scenery  in  the  neighborhood, 
among  which  may  be  noted  no  less  than  fifteen 
waterfalls,  varying  from  30  to  160  feet  in  height, 
and  five  of  them  of  100  feet  or  more.  Very  hand- 
some excursions  may  be  made  on  Cayuga  Lake, 
from  Ithaca;  or  branch  rail  pursued  to  Auburn 
and  the  New  York  Central  road;  or  a charming 
drive  taken  across  country  to.  the  head  of  Seneca 
Lake,  Watkins,  and  Watkins  Glen  (see  following).] 

Pursuing  route  on  Erie  road,  from  Ithaca,  some 
half  dozen  stations  beyond  is  reached 

Elmira,  another  chief  town  of  Western  New 
York,  on  the  Chemung  Eiver,  with  handsome 
scenery,  and  much  thrift  and  prosperity.  [Connec- 
tions, northward,  directly  with  Niagara  F/dls,  by 
the  Northern  Central  road  of  Pennsylvania;  south- 
ward, to  Harrisburgh,  Philadelphia,  &c.,  by  the 
same  road;  and  northward  by  same  road  to 


BOUTE  NO.  2.--N0BTHEBN. 


Watlcvis,  pleasant  village  at  the  head  of  Seneca 
Lake,  Avith  fine  outlook  over  it,  and  interesting 
excursions  from  it,  by  Avater  or  land;  and  to 
Watkiks  Glek,  only  for  a feAV^  years  knoAvn  to 
the  body  of  travelers,  but  noAV  Avith  assured  promi- 
nence as  among  the  true  AV'onders  of  the  American 
Continent,  and  already  attracting  large  numbers  of 
visitors  from  all  lands.  It  has  some  of  the  charac- 
teristics of  both  Trenton  Falls  and  the  Flume  at 
the  Franconia  Notch  of  the  White  Mountains, 
Avith  others  especially  its  OA7n.  As  technically  de- 
scribed, the  most  notable  feature  is  found  in  a deep 
ravine  or  chasm  in  the  hills,  through  Avhich  a stream 
braAvls  and  struggles  in  its  A7ay  to  the  plain  below. 
In  some  places  the  sides  of  the  gorge  are  not  more 
than  twenty  feet  apart,  and  rise  to  a sheer  height 
of  two  hundred  feet.  Again  they  Afiden,  forming 
*a  vast  amphitheatre  four  or  five  hundred  feet  apart 
and  as  many  high,  and  a quarter  of  a mile  in  length, 
with  a level  floor  on  which  the  Avater  spreads  out 
in  acres,  with  a depth  of  tAA^o  or  three  inches.  In 
another  place,  a steep  staircase,  almost  perpendicu- 
lar, crosses  the  ravine  in  the  face  of  a lofty  cascade, 
having  a huge  well  at  its  base,  of  unknown  depth, 
into  which  the  water  plunges  with  great  noise  and 
violence.  Again,  over  another  fall  is  formed  a beau- 
tiful rainbow.  Another  place  is  filled  with  deep 
pools,  and  another  has  a sloping  water-way  of 
smoothly  worn  rock,  down  which  the  stream  rushes 
with  force  literally  overwhelming  and  irresistible,  j 


SHOET-TBIP  OmDE. 


m 

Says  a late  writer,  of  coming  out  from  the  Glen  : 

Directly  below  us  is  the  village,  with  its  straight 
avenues  and  streets  and  an  abundance  of  shrub- 
bery and  trees.  Stretching  away  for  thirty  miles  in 
front  is  the  Seneca,  one  of  the  most  beautiful  lakes 
in  the  world.  Its  width  at  its  southern  extremity 
is  about  one  mile,  and  its  length  thirty- six.  At 
some  points  the  width  is  five  or  six  miles.  Some 
of  the  most  noticeable  features  of  this  lake  are  its 
great  depth — in  places  nearly  a thousand  feet ; the 
entire  absence  of  islands;  the  extreme  coldness 
of  its  waters  in  summer,  and  the  apparently  con- 
tradictory fact  that  it  never  freezes,  though  located 
in  a high  latitude.  The  drives  over  the  hills  in 
every  direction  about  Watkins  are  interesting  in  the 
extreme,  and  of  endless  variety.  Geneva,  one  of 
the  oldest  and  most  aristocratic  villages  in  Western 
New  York,  is  at  the  foot  of  the  lake,  and  can  he 
reached  by  steamboat  three  times  daily.  Ithaca, 
the  seat  of  Cornell  University,  is  at  the  head  of 
Cayuga  Lake,  and  is  twenty  miles  east  of  Watkins, 
over  the  hills.”  Hotels  at  the  Glen  and  vicinity, 
the  Glen  Parh,  Glen  Mountain,  Lake  View,  FoPJl 
Brook,  and  Jefferson. 

Pursuing  main  route  on  Erie  road,  at 

Corning,  also  on  the  Chemung,  occurs  a connec- 
tion with  the  coal-fields  of  Pennsylvania,  by  Corning 
and  Blossburg  road.  Also,  branch  of  Erie  road 
runs  northward  direct  to  Rochester. 


EOVTE  NO,  2.—N0ETHEEK 


89 


At  Hornellsville  the  Erie  Eailway  branches  into 
two  main  lines,  the  one  leading  west,  by 
Salamanca  [junction  with  the  Atlantic  and  Great 
Western  road,  south  westward  to  Corry  and  the  Oil 
Eegions  of  Pennsylvania]  and  Dayton,  to 
Dunkirk,  on  Lake  Erie,  terminus  of  the  Erie 
Eailway  in  that  direction,  and  point  of  junction  with 
the  Lake  Shore  Eailroad  for  Cleveland  and  Toledo 
(Oliio),  Chicago,  and  other  points  west  and  north- 
west. 

The  second  or  northern  branch  of  the  Erie  road? 
leaving  Hornellsville,  runs  northwestward,  by  Nunda, 
Portage  (with  splendid  bridge,  of  great  height,  and 
fine  Fall  of  the  Genesee,  called  Portage  Fall),  War- 
saw and  Attica,  to 

Bupfalo,  on  Lake  Erie,  largest  town  of  Western 
New  York,  and  one  of  the  most  important  commer- 
cial depots  of  the  Middle  States.  It  only  dates  from 
the  commencement  of  the  century,  owing  much 
of  its  rapid  early  progress  to  the  enterprising  and 
unfortunate  Benjamin  Eathbun,  who  involved  him- 
self fatally  in  the  attempt  to  make  it  the  Queen  of 
the  Lakes.  It  is  the  point  of  entrance  to  the  Erie 
Canal,  from  the  Lake,  and  enjoys  an  immense 
grain  and  other  shipping  trade  with  the  West,  by 
steamers  and  large  schooners.  It  has  now  not  less 
than  40  large  grain  warehouses,  with  capacity  for 
storing  six  to  eight  millions  of  bushels;  has  very 
large  iron  manufactures;  has  several  public  grounds 
— Terrace  Park,  Niagara,  Delaware,  Washington, 


90 


SEOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Franklin  and  other  squares;  has  a University,  Medi 
cal  School,  Orphan  Asylum,  Marine  Hospital,  &c. ; 
and  many  of  the  public  buildings,  including  the 
City  Hall,  Custom  House,  Post  Office,  State  Arsenal, 
Market  Houses  and  some  of  the  Churches  (the  Eo- 
man  Catholic  Cathedral  especially)  are  worthy  the 
attention  of  even  the  temporary  sojourner.  After- 
noon breezes  from  the  Lake,  facilities  for  water-excur- 
sions, proximity  to  the  Canadian  shore,  &c.,  make 
Buffalo  a charming  place  of  abode  during  the  hot 
season,  though  the  atmosphere  is  often  too  damp  for 
the  health  of  invalids  inclined  to  pulmonary  trouble. 
Prominent  Hotels,  Tifft  House^  Mansion  House,  Bon- 
ney  Rouse,  &c. 

LBuihiio,  by  rail  to  Niagara  Falls  and  Suspension 
Bridge,  for  Canada  and  the  East,  or  for  the  West, 
(See  close  of  previous  route).  Or,  direct  to  Sarnia, 
Detroit,  Chicago,  &c.,  by  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway. 
Or,  to  Dunkirk  and  the  Lake  Shore  road  thence  to 
the  West.  Or,  by  Lake  steamer  to  Cleveland  and 
other  points  westward.] 


ROUTE  NO.  8 -NORTHERN. 

2hEW  YORK  TO  SARATOGA,  LAKE  GEORGE,  LAKE 
CHAMPLAIK  AKD  MOKTREAL,  WITH  OPTIOK 
OF  THE  WHITE  HOUKTxilKS. 

New  York  to  Albany  or  Troy,  as  by  Nortbei’n 
Route  No.  1.  Thence  train  on  the  Rensselaer  and 
Saratoga  Railroad  along  the  Hudson  and  Mohawk 
Rivers,  and  with  a view  in  passing  of  the  Falls 
of  Cohoes^  on  the  latter,  and  also  of  the  Erie  Canal 
and  of  Round  Lake — to 

Ballston  Spa,  once  the  rival  of  Saratoga  as  a place 
of  medicinal  and  fashionable  resort,  and  still  fre- 
quented by  a considerable  number  of  health-seekers, 
though  the  largest  of  the  hotels,  the  Sa7is  Souci,  has 
long  since  been  converted  into  a seminary,  and  the 
tide  of  summer  travel  has  turned  towards  the  more 
celebrated  springs.  Ballston  has  original  advan- 
tages of  location  over  Saratoga,  the  fine  creek  or 
small  river,  the  Kayederosseras,  flowing  through  it, 
and  materially  adding  to  pleasantness  as  an  abode ; 
and  while  as  a watering-place  it  will  never  quite 
decay,  it  may  some  day  see  a return  to  its  old  popu- 
larity. From  Ballston,  half  an  hour,  through  very 
flat  though  well  shaded  country,  to 

Saratoga  (better  known  as  Saratoga  Springs”) 
— the  most  fashionable  of  the  American  Spas. 


92 


SHOBT-TBIP  GUIDK 


Division  A. 

f 

AT  AOT)  ABOUT  SAKATOGA. 

This  most  celebrated  of  summer  resorts  on  the 
Western  Continent,  with  the  possible  exception  of 
Niagara — has  few  natural  features  to  produce  such 
continued  celebrity,  its  situation  being  comparatively 
low,  its  soil  sandy,  and  its  climate  decidedly  hot  in 
midsummer.  But  long  care  and  much  expense 
have  made  its  grounds  shaded  and  attractive ; and 
the  number  and  varied  character  of  its  springs  have 
counterbalanced  all  opposition  and  given  it  a popu- 
larity not  likely  to  lessen  during  the  present  centu- 
ry. During  the  past  few  years,  speculation  (not  to 
call  it  by  any  worse  name),  has  joined  with  liberal  en- 
terprize  in  providing  extraordinary  attractions,  in 
the  shape  of  ' ’ ■ • 

The  Race^  Course  absorbing  attention  during  a 
certain  number  of  days  of  the  season,  and  presenting 
some  of  the  worst  features  of  the  English  turf,  in  the 
way  of  high  betting ; and 

The  Play-Hoiise^  in  imitation  of  Baden-Baden  and 
Hombourg,  with  the  addition  of  being  owned  and 
managed  by  an  Honorable  M.  C.  Another  and  more 
meritorious  feature  is 

The  Leland  Opera  House,  near  and  attached  to 
tlie  Union  Hotel,  and  affording  splendid  opportuni- 
ties for  concerts,  grand  balls  and  other  festivals, 
more  pleasant  to  the  sojourners  than  (it  is  to  be 
feared)  profitable  to  those  providing  the  accommoda- 


ROUTE  NO.  Z.-NORTHERN. 


93 


tion.  Of  course  the  principal  source  of  popularity 
and  profit  has  been  found  in 

The  SpringSy  of  which  the  whole  number  must 
approach  twenty,  very  different  in  character,  while 
upon  two  or  three  of  them  has  been  concentrated, 
until  lately,  nearly  the  whole  popularity  giving 
pvatronage  to  the  group.  The  waters  of  the  Congress 
lead  the  list,  now,  instead  of  monopolizing  as  they 
once  did : they  are  bottled  extensively  and  sent 
everywhere,  as  well  as  consumed  unlimitedly  at  the 
Spring.  After  them,  of  late,  have  come  the  Em- 
pirOy  pressing  close  upon  the  Congress  as  an  arti* 
CiC  of  commerce ; and  no  small  amount  of  popularity 
in  the  same  line  is  being  attained  by  those  of  the 
High  Rock  (held  to  be  specially  strong  and  medici*: 
nal),  the  HathorUy  the  Constitutiony  &c., — while  the 
Iodine,  the  ColamMan  and  others  command  exten- 
sive home-consumption.  The  virtual  ^^Pump-Eoom” 
of  Saratoga,  meanwhile,  has  been  and  continues  in 
the  Congress  Spring,  most  picturesequely  located 
and  best  kept,  and  with  fine  grounds  near  to  add  to 
its  attraction. 

[Saratoga  suffered  very  severely  by  fire  in  1865 
and  1866,  two  of  the  oldest  and  largest  of  the  hotels, 
the  United  States  and  Congress  Hall,  almost  as 
truly  features  of  the  place  as  the  Springs  themselves, 
and  endeared  by  a thousand  recollections  as  well  as 
made  classic  by  Willis’  charming  sketches,  going 
down  in  those  years.  Both  of  them  have  since  been 
rebuilt, however,  with  enlarged  accommodation;  the 


94 


8E0RT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


additions  have  been  numerous;  and  though  there 
have  been  supplementary  fires  among  the  hotels,  in 
1871  and  1874,  there  is  no  fear  whatever  of  Saratoga 
permanently  suffering  from  deficiency  of  hotel  ac- 
commodation. 

[The  hint  is  worth  something,  to  strangers — that 
the  most  delightful  time  for  visiting  Saratoga  is  to 
be  found  later  than  the  full  season-— say  in  Septem- 
ber and  early  October,  when  the  climate  is  delicious., 
and  when  the  loveliest  sunsets  of  the  world  (finer 
than  the  Italian)  can  be  enjoyed  from  the  hills 
just  northward.] 

Excursions  from  Saratoga  are  not  many  or  remark- 
ably varied.  The  most  popular  is  found  in  the  after- 
noon ride  to  the  Lake,  three  miles  distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded  bit  of  water,  with  fine  facilities 
for  boating  and  fishing,  and  with  Moon’s  and 
Abell’s  ‘^Lake  Houses”  to  supply  entertainment  to 
visitors.  With  this  ride  is  often  combined  a visit  to 
Barliydf^s  Mill,  on  the  road — also  made  classic  by 
Willis.  Another  excursion,  generally  made,  is  that 
to  the  Battle  Field  of  Stillwater — scene  of  Sir  John 
Burgoyne’s  surrender  to  Genl.  Gates  in  1777. 

Prominent  Hotels  at  Saratoga,  Gravid  Union,  Con- 
gress Hall,  United  States,  Clarendon^  &c. 

Division  B^ 

SARATOGA  TO  AKD  AT  LAKE  GEORGE, 

The  route  from  Saratoga  is  by  cars  of  the  Saratoga 
and  Washington  Railroad,  to 


EOUTE  NO.  3.-N0ET1IERN. 


95 


Fori  Edward,  on  the  Hudson — site  of  one  of  the 
old  fortifications  of  the  French  and  Indian  War 
period,  but  now  a thriving  village,  with  picturesque 
river  scenery.  At  Fort  Edward  branch  rail  is  taken 
to 

Glenn's  Falls  (often  called  simply  Glenn’s”),  a 
village  also  picturesquely  situated  on  the  Hudson,  at 
a pass  of  the  river  through  rocks  of  terrible  wildness, 
with  a broken  fall,  at  and  around  which  Cooper  laid 
the  scene  of  a part  of  the  ^‘Last  of  the  Mohicans.” 
Glenn’s  Falls  has  also  large  lime  manufactures. 
Here  stage  is  taken  for  Lake  George,  over  a moun- 
tain road  affording  scenery  of  equal  beauty  and 
grandeur,  forming  fit  introduction  to  the  Lake. 
Half  way  between  Glenn’s  and  the  Lake  is  passed 

Bloody  Pond,  scene  of  the  defeat  of  Col.  Williams 
by  the  French  and  Indians  under  Baron  Dieskau, 
and  slaughter  of  all  his  force,  in  1755,  during  the 
old  French  wars,  and  of  which  the  name  is  said  to 
have  been  derived  from  the  literal  filling  of  the  pond 
with  bodies  on  that  occasion.  Shortly  after  leaving 
Bloody  Pond,  and  on  emergence  from  the  forest  on 
high  ground,  is  enjoyed  one  of  the  most  magnificent 
views  supplied  by  the  Western  Continent,  in  the 
beautiful  Horicon  ” (Indian  name  of  Lake  George) 
its  islands  and  mountain  borderings. 

Caldwell,  south  end  of  the  Lake,  is  the  spot  where 
the  traveller  is  set  down  by  the  coach;  and  here 
and  near  are  located  some  of  the  most  enjoyable  of 
the  hotels  welcoming  visitors 


98 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


Rowing,  Sailing,  and  Fishing  oix  Lake  George  are 
privileges  not  to  be  ignored:  the  more enjo}'able  for 
the  wonderful  clearness  of  the  water,  which  often 
allows  the  bottom  to  be  seen  at  twenty  or  thirty  feet, 
and  which  won  for  it  from  the  French  the  name  of 
‘‘Le  Lac  du  St.  Sacrament’’  and  induced  the  carry- 
ing of  the  water  to  great  distances  for  baptismal 
purposes.  The  variety  of  fish  caught — trout,  perch, 
pike,  &c.,  commends  it  to  the  special  favor  of  sports- 
men. It  is  while  on  the  water,  too,  that  the  beauti- 
ful panorama  of  the  Lake,  with  its  islands  and  en- 
circling mountains,  admitted  to  be  among  the  fines! 
on  the  globe,  can  best  be  enjoyed. 

The  Old  Forts  must  command  a certain  degree  of 
attention  from  the  visitor  to  Lake  George,  combin 
ing,  as  they  do,  historical  interest  with  their  loca« 
tion.  Of  Fort  William  Henry,  the  small  traces  oi 
embankment  remaining  lie  immediately  beside  the 
Hotel  of  the  same  name,  from  in  front  of  which  the 
best  views  are  commanded  and  the  steamboat  em- 
barkations on  the  Lake  are  made.  Of  Fort  George, 
half  a mile  eastw^ard,  considerable  portions  of  the 
crumbling  walls  yet  present  themselves,  half  buried 
by  earth  and  overgrown  with  trees.  Leading  hotels 
at  Lake  George,  the  Lake  House  and  Fort  William 
Hlenry, 

^ [From  Lake  George  may  be  visited,  by  stage- 
wagon  or  other  conveyance,  Schroon  Lake  a small 
wild,  picturesque  sheet  of  water,  lying  north-west- 
ward ; and  thence,  the  lower  part  of  the 


BOUTE  NO.  ^.--NORTHERN. 


97 


Adirondack  Mountains,  among  tlie  boldest  and 
most  interesting  cliains  of  the  East,  and  of  late 
years  yery  popular  as  resorts  for  pleasure- seekers  and  i 
health-seekers  who  have  no  objection  to  ^^camping- 
out”  and  roughing”  it  a little.  Particulars  of 
special  routes,  best  obtained  of  those  who  manage 
the  conveyances;  as  all  other  information  on  such 
partially-opened  lines,  must  be  more  or  less  unreli- 
able and  risky.] 

Leaving  Caldwell  for  the  passage  northward,  a 
small  steamer  is  taken ; and  the  entire  passage  to 
Ticonderoga,  about  35  miles,  is  one  of  the  most 
charming  in  any  land,  affording  otherwise  unattain- 
able views  of  the  surrounding  mountains  and  the 
almost  countless  islands  of  the  little  body  of  v/ater 
so  favored,  the  actual  number  of  which  is  said  to 
reach  nearly  or  quite  three  hundred.  Among  the 
most  notable  of  these  in  this  part  of  the  Lake,  are 
Diamond  Island^  Burgoyne’s  military  depot  in  1777; 
Long  Island,  north  of  Diamond;  Tioelve  Mile  Is- 
land,  near  Bolton.  Not  far  beyond  the  latter. 
Tongue  Mountain  thrusts  itself  out  into  the  Lake 
to  a great  distance  (whence  the  name),  forming  a 
part  of  the  Marrows,  entered  just  beyond,  under  the 
shadow  of  Black  Moiintain,  the  highest  peak  of  the 
lake-shore.  North  of  the  Narrows  comes  Salbath 
Day  Point,  a strip  of  low,  cultivated  land,  so  named, 
as  alleged,  by  Genl.  Abercrombie,  from  a Sunday 
morning  embarkation  of  troops  made  there.  Not 
fai’  beyond,  passing  the  bold  headland  of  Rogers^ 


^8 


SHOBT'TRIP  GUIDE. 


Slide,  are  passed  Prisoners^  Island,  used  as  a place 
of  military  confinement  by  the  English  during  the 
old  French  war;  and  Lord  Howe’s  Point,  where 
that  English  general  landed  to  make  liis  attajsk  on 
Ticonderoga.  Directly  beyond  comes  an  insignificant 
landing,  at  which  concludes  the  beautiful  sail  on 
Lake  George,  and  the  tourist  enjoys  a three  mile 
ride,  often  in  a rough  wagon  instead  of  a stage-coach, 
over  a rough  road  that  still  seems  to  be  unobjection- 
able and  in  keeping  with  the  journey,  to  the  ruins  of 
Ticonderoga. 

Division  C. 

TICOKDEEOGA  BY  LAKE  CHAMPLAIljq-  TO 
MONTREAL. 

Crossing  from  Lake  George,  by  stage-coach  oi 
wagon,  as  above. 

Fort  Ticonderoga  will  be  found  only  a ruin,  with 
one  gable  remaining  to  show  its  original  height.  It 
was  first  constructed  by  the  French,  about  1756,  but 
derives  its  principal  interest  from  the  peculiar  mode 
of  its  summons  to  surrender  by  the  madcap  Vermon- 
ter, Ethan  Allen,  in  1775,  the  formula  being:  ^^In 
the  name  of  the  Continental  Congress  and  the  Great 
Jehovah  It  was  soon  retaken  by  the  British,  how- 
ever, and  held  during  the  war.  [From  Ticonderoga 
' detour  may  be  made  to  Crown  Point,  another  place 
of  revolutionary  interest,  taken  at  nearly  the  same 
time ; and  thence  may  be  reached  most  conveniently 
by  wagon  and  on  foot,  Lahe  Saiiford,  Lake  Hender- 


BOUTE  NO.  ^.—NOBTHERK 


99 


eoUy  and  beyond  the  famous  Indian  Pass  and  the 
groat  peaks  of  the  AdirondacTc  Mountains ; Tali- 
atom,  or  Mount  Marcy,  Mount  McIntyrOy  the  DiaJ'^ 
Mountain^  etc.] 

At  the  wharf  at  Ticonderoga,  to  continue  main 
route  northward,  steamer  on  Lake  Champlain  is 
taken;  and  thenceforth,  in  fine  weather,  is  found 
a sail  of  many  hours,  not  often  equaled  in  enjoy- 
ment. Besides  the  towns  and  hamlets  studding  the 
shores,  there  are  special  points  of  interest  on  the 
Lake  in  the  shape  of  singular  rocks  and  islands,  of 
wliich  the  most  notable,  below,  may  be  mentioned  as 
S2:)lit  Pockj  an  immense  mass  of  ironstone,  half  an 
acre  in  extent,  split  away  from  the  main  only  about 
twelve  feet ; the  Four  Brothers,  small  islands  always 
haunted  and  half  covered  with  noisy  gulls,  like  Ailsa 
Craig;  Juniper  Island  and  Rock  Dundee,  both 
masses  of  rocks  rising  to  the  height  of  over  30  feet. 
It  is  not  in  these  particulars,  however,  that  lies  the 
chief  charm  of  sailing  on  noble  Champlain  (130  miles 
in  length,  and  width  varying  from  ^ mile  to  13 : 
area  covered,  about  500  sq.  miles).  That  principal 
charm  lies  in  the  presence  of  a noble  range  of  moun- 
^ tains  at  either  side : at  the  right,  the  Green  Moun- 
v tains  of  Vermont,  among  the  highest  in  Eastern 
i America ; on  the  left,  at  greater  distance,  the  equally 
I noble  range  of  the  Adirondacks. 

Landings  are  made,  on  the  right,  at  » ' 

j Burlikgtok,  Vermont,  one  of  the  largest  and 
most  important  towns  in  the  State,  with  a Univer- 


100 


SHORT- TBIP  GUIDE. 


sity,  many  fine  buildings,  manufactures,  and  a great 
concentration  of  railway,  steamboat  and  stage-coach 
routes.  At  Burlington  are  also  enjoyed,  as  from  the 
Lake  approaching  it,  fine  views  of  the  two  highest 
peaks  of  the  Green  Mountains,  M(.  Mansfield  and 
CameVs  Hump.  Hotels,  the  American,  &c. 

[At  Burlington,  rail  may  be  taken,  by  those  who 
prefer,  by  St.  Allan’s  and  St.  John’s,  direct  to 
Montreal.  See  Division  D,  following.] 

Continuing  from  Burlington  by  boat,  the  i^ake  is 
crossed,  north-westward,  to 

Platlsburg,  thriving  town  of  New  York,  lying  on 
the  west  shore,  and  scene  of  the  land-and-naval 
battle  between  the  English  and  Americans,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1814,  won  for  the  latter  by  General  Macoijib 
and  Commodore  McDonough.  Hotel : Fouguet’s. 

[From  Plattshurg  may  be  visited 
Keeseville,  a thriving  town  of  Essex  County;  and 
thence  the  Au  Sable  River,  the  Saranac  Lakes,  and 
the  great  fishing  and  pleasure  grounds  of  the 

Northekx  Adirondack  Mountains.  For  either, 
and  especially  for  the  latter,  stage  is  taken  at  Keese- 
ville, and  special  routes  traced  out  through  particu- 
lar infoi’mation  locally  derived.  For  any  extended 
advance  into  the  mountains,  however,  certain  pro- 
visions, conveniences  and  changes  of  clothing  miist 
'be  provided,  after  taking  the  special  local  advice 
above  noted,  and  before  leaving  the  towns  on  the 
shores  of  Lake  Champlain,  for  the  absolute  wilder 
ness  lying  behind  them.] 


EOVTE  NO.  ^.—NORTHEEK  101 

Coil  tinning  from  Plattsburgby  boat,  final  landing 
is  made  at 

lionse^s  Point,  also  on  the  western  shore  of  tlie 
Lake,  and  unimportant  except  for  this  transit  and 
the  fact  that  it  lies  at  the  very  border  of  the  Do- 
minion of  Canada. 

From  Kouse's  Point,  by  rail,  to  St.  JoJm\s  and  to 
Moxteeal.  (For  description,  &c.,  see  p.  247.) 

Division  D. 

TICOXDEROGA  TO  MOi^TTREAL  BY  BOAT  AIS^D  RAIL. 

As  by. previous  route  (Division  *0)  to 

Bnrlington,  Vermont.  At  Burlington  leave  Cham- 
plain boat  and  take  rail  of  the  Vermont  Central  road 
to 

St.  Alian^s,  Vermont,  one  of  the  handsomest  towns 
im  the  State,  lying  near  Lake  Champlain,  with  fine 
ocenery,  many  noble  buildings,  considerable  popu- 
larity as  a summer-resort,  an  immense  butter'-and- 
-iheese  market,  and  a historical  celebrity  on  account 
of  the  ^^raid’’  made  upon  it,  from  Canada,  on  the 
loth  of  October,  18G4,  by  the  Confederate  refugees 
hhen  resident  in  the  Dominion.  Principal  hotel, 

I he  Weldm  House.  [Pailway  connection  from 
jot.  Alban’s,  by  the  Missisquoi  road,  to  Sheldon^ 

! ind  the  Missisquoi  Springs,  popular  hygienic 
|^*esort.] 

[ From  St.  Alban’s,  by  rail,  by  St.  John’s  to  Moi^- 
i 'REAL.  (See  p.  247.) 


m 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


Division  E, 

SARATOGA  TO  MONTREAL^  BY  RAIL. 

Leave  Saratoga  by  Saratoga  and  Washington  road, 
(as  by  Division  B,)  to 

Whitehall,  New  York,  at  the  southern  end  of 
Lake  Champlain — town  of  age,  and  much  import- 
ance in  connection  with  the  lumber  trade  and  the 
extensive  transportation  through  the  Champlain 
Canal,  commencing  at  that  point,  from  the  Lake  t(\ 
Albany.  [Point  of  departure  of  steamboats  on 
Lake  Champlain,  for  Northern  New  York,  Vermont 
or  New  Hampshire  Mountains,  or  Canada, — for  thosti 
coming  up  directly  from  New  York  or  other  mor^ 
southerly  points,  by  Albany  or  Troy.  See  Divii 
sions  C and  D,  pp.  99  and  101.] 

Continuing  by  rail  from  Whitehall,  and  entering 
the  State  of  Vermont,  through  the  great  marble-j 
quarry  region  of  that  State;  by  Castleton,  virtual 
centre  of  that  trade ; to 

Rutland,  thriving  and  handsome  town,  witl 
railway  connections  in  all  directions,  pleasant  loca 
lion,  and  fine  mountain-and-valley  scenery,  as  wel 
as  much  productive  industry.  Hotel,  the  Bate. 
House, 

Prom  Rutland,  by  Middlelury  and  minor  stations 
to  Burlington  (see  that  place  in  Division  C,  p.  99] 
Burlington,  by  Vergennes  and  minor  stations,  to  Si 
Alban's  (see  that  place  in  Division  D,  p.  101).  St 
Alban’s  to  St.  John's  and  Montreal.  (See  p.  2-17. 


ROUTE  A'-Q.  Z.—NORTnERAr.  103a 

Division  F. 

PAYOEITE  TOURIST  ROUTE  FROM  NEW  YORK  TO 
MONTREAL. 

l^Jew  York,  by  Central  Eail  Eoad,  Day  Boat  or 
Night  Boat,  to  Albany  or  Troy  (see  Eoute 
Division  A,  page  62).  Albany  or  Troy  to  Sara^ 
'oga,  Lalce  George,  and  take  Champlain  boat  at 
Ticonderoga,  as  by  Eoute  3,  Divisions  A,  B and  C, 
op.  91  to  99.  Or,  Albany  or  Troy  to  Saratoga  (omit- 
:ing  Lake  George);  thence  rail  to  Whitehall  and 
I like  Champlain  steamer  there.  By  boat  on  Lake 
Jharnplain  to  Burlington,  and  thence  rail  by  St. 
[lilban’s  and  St.  John’s  to  MojS'tkeal  ; or  by  boat  to 
Burlington,  Plattsburg  and  Rouse's  Point,  and 
:hence  rail  by  St.  John’s  to  Montreal.  (See  p.  247.) 

^ Division  G. 

j JASTEU^r-STATES  ALL-HAIL  ROUTE  FROM  KEW  YORK 
, TO  MONTREAL. 

1 New  York  to  JTew  Haven,  Hartford  and  Spring- 
! MELD,  as  by  Eoute  No.  4,  Division  A,  pp.  103  to 
j -06.  Springfield,  by  Connecticut  Eiver  and  con- 
i lecting  roads,  to 

i Belloios  Falls,  railway-centre  of  importance  on 
I he  Connecticut  Eiver,  with  connections  eastward 
i 0 Boston,  &c.  Thence  to 

I White  River  Junction,  another  railway-centre  with 
iqually  important  connections,  at  the  intersection  of 


1026 


SIIORT-TBIF  GUIDE, 


the  Connecticut  and  White  Eivers.  Thence  to  SL 
Alian^s,  St.  Jolin^s  and  Moxtkeal.  (See  p.  247.) 

Division  IL 

HIKTS  FOE  EETUE:is'IKG  SOUTHWAE.a 

As  stated  in  many  other  places  in  this  volume,  it 
is  a matter  of  policy,  always,  in  returning  from  one 
of  two  points  to  another,  to  vary  the  route  from  that 
selected  in  going,  unless  special  reasons  require 
passing  over  the  same  ground.  And  in  no  direction 
does  this  require  more  closely  to  be  borne  in  mind, 
than,  say,  between  ^iew  York  and  the  Canadian 
cities;  the  routes  being  so  many  and  all  so  interest- 
ing, that  no  choice  supplying  variety  can  well  be 
amiss,  if  time  or  other  circumstance  does  not  pre- 
vent. The  reminder  need  scarcely  be  added,  that, 
all  the  preceding  routes  being  marked  out  as  going 
nortliiuard^  for  proceeding  southward  any  one  of 
them  needs  simply  to  be  reversed. 


ROUTE  NO.  4 -EASTERN. 


NEW  YORK  TO  BOSTOK",  BY  KEW  HAYEK",  HARTFORD, 
AKD  SPRIHGFIELD  (RAIL)  ; BY  RROVIDEKCE 
(rail)  ; BY  NEWPORT,  NEW  LONDON  OR 
STONINGTON  (SOUND-BOAT). 

Division  A. 

BY  RAIL,.  BY  SPRINGFIELD. 

Leave  iSTev/  York  by  morning  express  of  New 
Haven  Eailroad,  by  Williarn’s  Bridge  (point  of 
divergence  of  the  New  York  and  Harlem  road), 
by  several  unimportant  stations  (with  occasional  and 
pleasant  views  of  Long  Island  Sound,  at  the  right), 
to  Stamford,  Darien  and  N'orwdlk  (Connecticut), 
(the  latter  the  scene  of  a serious  accident,  train  run- 
ning into  the  Elver,  at  the  Bridg'e,  manv  years 
siDce) ; then  by  other  unimportani  stations,  to 
Bridgeport,  on  Long  Island  Sound,  large  and  im- 
portant manufacturing  town,  especially  in  the  de- 
tail of  Sewing  Machines,  of  which  two  of  the  largest 
I factories  in  the  world,  the  Wheeler  & Wilson,  and 
. Howe,  are  located  here.  Also,  point  of  intersection 
i of  lines  of  railway  leading  to  the  manufacturing  in-| 
! terior  of  Connecticut  (Ilousatonic  and  Naugatuck) , 
j and  old  residence  of  the  celebrated  showman,  P.  T. 

! Barnum.  Bridgeport  to 


104 


SEOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


New  Havek,  also  on  Long  Island  Sound  (lines 
4 of  steamers  to  and  from  New  York) ; one  of  the 
most  important  towns  of  the  East,  and  seat  of  Yale 
College^  as  well  as  noted  for  the  shaded  beauty  of  its 
streets  and  the  peculiar  magnificence  of  its  elm-tree 
avenues,  the  latter  feature  giving  it  the  name  of  the 
^^Elm  City/’  New  Haven  is  well  worthy  of  a so- 
journ for  examination.  The  first  point  of  interest 
is  of  course  to  be  found  in  the  College  Buildings^  of 
which  there  are  some  fifteen,  with  a remarkable 
air  of  antiquity,  for  America  (the  College  founded  in 
1700) ; the  College  Green,  or  Campus,  with  Chapel, 
and  fine  old  Churches ; the  State  House,  an  impos- 
ing edifice,  of  marble,  recently  completed ; the  Fme 
Art  Building  and  Trumbull  Gallery,  in  the  latter  of 
which  are  the  original  fine  historical  pictures  by 
Colonel  Trumbull  (Washington,  etc.) ; the  recently 
built  City  Hall,  etc.  Some  interesting  Monuments 
are  to  be  found  in  the  Grove  Street  Cemetery;  among 
others  those  of  Eoger  Sherman,  founder  of  Ehode 
Island,  Noah  Webster,  Pierrepont  Edwards,  the  poet 
Hillhouse,  etc.;  and  in  the  Campus,  tomb  of  the 
regicide  Whalley.  Excursions  from  New  Haven  to 
East  Roclc,  Savin  Roch,  Wallingford,  &c.  [Con- 
nection, by  rail,  to 

Middletown,  flourishing  town,  with  manufac- 
tures, seat  of  Wesleyan  University,  Industrial 
School,  State  Insane  Asylum,  Berkeley  Divinity 
School,  See.  Opposite  Middletown,  Portland,  with 
great  brown-stone  quarries.] 


ROUTE  NO.  L— EASTERN 


105 


Prominent  hotels  at  New  Haven,  the  New  Haven 
Housey  Tontiney  Tremonty  &c. 

Resuming  rail,  on  the  New  Haven,  Hartford  and 
Springfield  road,  and  now  running  northward,  away 
from  the  Sound — passing  Walling fordy  Meriden 
(great  Brittaniaware  and  other  metallic  manufactory) 
and  other  stations  of  less  importance,  is  reached 

Hartford,  on  the  Connecticut  River^  a large 
town  with  much  beauty  of  location,  large  manufac- 
turing interests,  and  lately  selected  as  the  sole  seat 
of  government  of  the  State.  (Reached  by  steam- 
ers from  New  York).  It  has  an  educational  institu- 
tion of  eminence,  known  as  Trinity  College  ; the  Con^ 
necticut  Historical  Society ; the  WatJcmson  Liharyy 
with  rare  books,  pictures  and  statuary;  Wadsworth 
Atheneum,  etc. ; and  among  the  handsome  buildings 
of  the  town  are  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  AsylmUy  Retreat 
for  the  InsanCy  Hospital,  etc.  The  Charter  Oak 
(place  of  hiding  of  the  old  Connecticut  Charter  from 
a tyrannical  Governor)  long  one  of  the  boasts  of 
Hartford,  blew  down  in  1856 ; but  the  place  where 
it  stood  is  still  shown  by  a slab.  Among  present 
curiosities  are  the  late  Col.  Coifs  Fire-Arms  Manu- 
factory y the  house  occupied  by  the  late  Mrs.  Sigour- 
ney, the  poetess,  etc.  There  are  also  many  pictur- 
esque short  excursions  from  Hartford,  the  most 
prominent  among  them  being  those  to  Talcott 
Mountahiy  Wethersfieldy  Prospect  Hilly  &c.  Leading 
hotels,  Align  House  and  United  States. 

Beyond  Hartford,  pasing  Windsor^  and  Windsor 


SHORT^TBIP  GUIDE. 


10^- 

Locks  (waiter  power  and  important  manufactures)^ 
and  other  minor  stations,  is  reached 

Speikgfield,  Massachusetts,  also  lying  on  the 
Connecticut  River,  one  of  the  most  important  towns 
of  the  State,  and  peculiarly  notable  for  its  diversity 
of  railway  communication.  [Connection,  here,  east- 
ward to  Boston  and  westward  to  Albany,  by  the 
Boston  and  Albany  road>  southward  to  Hartford, 
New  Haven  and  New  York,  by  the  New  Haven, 
Hartford  and  Springfield  ^ noHhward  to  the  White 
Mountains  of  New  Hampshire,  to  Vermont  and 
Canada,  by  the  Connecticut  River  and  other  inter- 
secting roads]  . A prominent  source  of  prosperity  as 
well  as  object  of  interest  is  the  United  States  Arse- 
nal and  Arms  Manufactory ^ the  largest  in  America, 
located  here,  furnishing  extensive  employment  and 
supplying  the  celebrated  Springfield  Eifle.’^  (Writ- 
ten of  by  Mr.  Longfellow,  in  one  of  his  finest  poems, 
‘^The  Arsenal  at  Springfield.”)  It  has  also  other 
and  important  manufactures — especially  of  carri- 
ages ; handsome  public  grounds,  in  the  Cemetery j 
Hampden  Park,  &c. ; and  is  considered  one  of  the 
most  charming  places  of  residence  in  the  East. 
Prominent  hotels,  the  Massasoity  Codefs,  &c. 

From  Springfield,  by  Palmer,  direct  to 
WoKC  ESTER,  another  of  the  large  and  important 
towns  of  Massachusetts,  with  extensive  manufactures 
and  even  more  numerous  railway  connections  than  I 
Springfield.  [Westward,  by  Boston  and  Albany  road  i 
(Western)  to  Springfield  and  Albany,  and  Spring- 


BOUTE  NO,  L-^^EASTEEN 


107 


fiv3ld5  New  Haven  and  New  York.  Eastward,  by 
Boston  and  Worcester,  to  Boston.  Northward,  by 
Worcester  and  Nashua,  to  the  White  Mountains  and 
Canada.  Southward,  by  Norwich  and  Worcester,  to 
New  London,  and  Shore  Line  road  and  line  of 
steamers  to  New  York.  South-eastward,  by  Wor- 
cester and  Providence,  to  Providence,  Newport,  &c.] 
It  has  some  fine  public  buildings,  among  which  may 
be  mentioned  the  State  Lunatic  Asylum,  Mechanics^ 
Hall,  building  of  the  American  Antiquarian  Society, 
&c.,  and  divides  with  Springfield  pre-eminence  in  the 
manufacture  of  railway  and  other  carriages.  Lead- 
ing hotel,  the  Bay  Stale. 

From  Worcester,  by  Grafton,  Framingham,  Ha- 
tick  (home  of  TJ.  S,  Senator  Wilson)  West  Heioton, 
Brighton  and  other  minor  stations,  direct  to 

Boston.  [See  ahead — At  and  about  Boston.’^] 

Division  B. 

BY  RAIL,  BY  PROVIDEKCE  (SHORE  LIHE). 

Leave  New  York  by  1^.15  P.  M.  express  of  the 
New  Haven  Railroad.  (May  leave  by  night-express, 
but  at  sacrifice  of  scenery).  Take  tickets  by  Shore 
Line,”  as  distinguished  from  those  by  ^^Springfield;” 
and  be  sure  that  Shore  Line  carriage  is  taken.  To 
New  Haven,  as  from  Springfield  route  preceding. 

From  New  Haven,  due  east  (New  Haven,  New 
London,  and  Stonington  road)  along  or  near  the 
shore  of  the  Sound,  with  closer  and  still  finer  views 


103 


SEOBT^TEIP  GUIDE 


than  those  before  reaching  New  Hayen — by  Guil- 
ford, Madison,  Clinton  &e.,  to 

Crossing  of  the  Connecticut  liiver,  at  Lyme. 
(At  SaybrooJc  Junction^  near,  connection  by  Valley 
road,  south  to  Saybrooh^  north  to  Middlctoion^  &c.) 
By  S.  Lyme,  and  E.  Lyme,  Waterford,  &c.,  to 
New  LoxDOi!!',  at  tlie  mouth  of  the  Thames  Eiyer 
— a sea«port  of  some  importance,  and  formerly  depot 
of  one  of  the  great  whaling-fleets,  before  the  late 
decay  of  that  trade.  [Line  of  large  and  fine  steamers 
from  and  to  New  York,  every  evening:  communi- 
cating by  rail  to  and  from  Boston,  by  Norwich  and 
Worcester.]  Harbor  considered  one  of  the  finest 
on  the  Atlantic  coast,  and  defended  by  splendid  for- 
tifications, Fort  being  the  principal,  below 

the  city  and  at  the  right,  towards  mouth  of  the 
harbor.  New  London,  an  attractive  place  of  resort 
and  residence  in  many  respects,  has  a peciiliar  and 
melancholy  interest  as  having  been  long  the  business 
place  of  Benedict  Arnold,  the  traitor,  -whose  sign 
over  one  of  the  old  shops  is  still  pointed  out.  The 
principal  public  buildings,  worth  notice,  are  the 
Custom  HousCy  Court  Hoitse,  Female  Academy ^ &c. 
At  the  mouth  of  the  harbor  the  Pequot  House  is  a 
very  attractive  place  of  summer  sea-side  resort. 

From  New  London  the  Thames  is  crossed  by  ferry 
boat  (part  of  train  carried  over,  with  through-passen- 
gers, and  lunch  on  boat)  to  Groton,  on  the  opposite 
bank —for  some  years  the  depot  of  another  steam- 
boat line  between  New  York  and  Boston,  now 


ROUTE  NO,  ASTERN. 


109 


ftbandoned.  Groton,  oy  rail,  still  within  frequent 
sight  of  the  Sound,  to  Mystic,  somewhat  famous  for 
wooden-ship  building,  and 

Stonuigton,  Connecticut,  Sound  port  of  some  im- 
portance, lying  at  the  mouth  of  river  of  same  name. 
[Line  of  large  steamers  to  and  from  New  York, 
every  evening : communicating  by  rail  to  and  from 
Boston,  by  Providence.]  Stonington,  by  Westerly 
and  other  stations,  including 

Wickford  [railroad  and  steamboat  comm.unicatioii 
direct  to  Newport,  in  connection  with  trains]  ; and 
East  Greemnlcli  [old  steamboat  route  to  Newport 
in  connection  with, trains] — to 
Providence,  capital  of  the  State  of  Rhode  Island, 
and  one  of  the  princijial  towns  of  the  Eastern  States. 
It  lies  on  Providence  River,  extending  from  Narra- 
gansett  Bay ; has  much  beauty  in  location  and  enor- 
mous wealth  in  buildings  and  the  appointments  of 
residents ; manufactures  very  extensively,  in  engines, 
heavy  machineries,  cottons,  prints,  jewelries,  &c.; 
and  has  nearly  two  hundred  and  fifty  years  of  anti- 
quity since  its  foundation  by  Roger  Williams,  when 
driven  from  the  colony  of  Massachusetts  Bay  on 
account  of  his  religious  opinions.  It  is  the  seat  of 
Eroion  University , a literary  institution  of  the  first 
eminence,  with  a large  and  valuable  library;  and  is 
also  noted  for  the  number  and  excellence  of  its 
public  schools.  The  two  handsomest  public  build- 
ings in  the  town  are  the  Rhode  Island  Hospital  and 
the  Custom  House,'  though  there  are  very  many 


110 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


fine  edifices  connected  with  the  numerous  public 
charities  of  the  city,  among  which  may  be  named 
the  Reform  School,  Dexter  Asylum  for  the  Poor^ 
Butler  Hospital  for  the  Insane^  Home  for  Aged  Wb- 
me?i,  &c.  It  has  also  several  imposing  churches, 
banks  and  other  edifices;  and  Swan  Point  Ceme- 
tery^ Narragansett  Parle,  and  other  public  grounds 
deserve  visit  and  notice.  The  Soldiers^  and  Sailor^ 
Monument,  recently  erected,  is  also  worthy  of  notice. 
Leading  hotels,  the  City  Hotel,  and  Aldrich  House. 

[Eailway  communication  with  Boston,  by  Boston 
and  Providence  road;  with  Worcester,  by  Providence 
and  Worcestei*;  with  Hartford,  by  Hartford,  Provi- 
dence & Pishkill;  witn  Newport,  by  Providence  and 
Newport;  with  New  London,  by  Stonington  and 
Providence,  &c. ; with  New  York,  by  road  just  trav- 
ersed, and  by  lines  of  steamers  from  Fall  Eiver  and 
Newport,  &c.], 

\Pawtuchet,  near  Providence,  is  the  seat  of  heavy 
manufactures,  and.  of  the  first  cotton-mill  ever  built 
in  America.] 

Providence,  by  Pawtucket,  Attleboro,  Mansfield, 
Foxboro,  Eeadville,  &c.,  to 
Boston. 

Division  C. 

BY  BOAT,  BY  NEWPORT  OR  FALL  RIVER. 

Leave  New  York,  5 P.  M.,  daily  (except  late  au- 
tumn, winter,  and  early  spring,  when  the  hour  is  4 
P.  M. — see  bills  at  hotels)  by  boats  of  the  Narragan- 


BOUTE  NO.  L-'E ASTERN 


in 


sett  Steamship  Company,  by  Long  Island  Sound,  for 
Newport  or  Fall  lliver  as  may  be  preferred.  This 
route,  as  well  as  tlio  other  Sound  routes  about  to  be 
named,  affords  not  only  a delightful  sail,  in  the  cus- 
tomary fine  weather  of  summer,  but  conveys  a better 
idea  than  can  otherwise  be  attained,  of  the  size  and 
magnificence  of  the  vessels  employed  in  this  transit 
Leaving  the  pier  and  proceeding  past  the  whole  line 
of  the  city,  then  past  the  islands  lying  in  the  Sound 
or  East  River,  and  up  the  Sound  itself, — unequalled 
opportunities  are  enjoyed  for  observing  the  water- 
front of  the  city,  the  extent  of  the  penal  and  bene- 
volent institutions  on  BlackwelVs  Island^  RandalVs 
Island,  Ward^s  Island ^ &c.,  the  rocky  dangers  of 
Hell  Gate,  the  attractive  scenery  of  the  river  shores 
(Long  Island  on  the  right ; New  York  or  Manhattan 
Island  on  the  left) ; the  extensive  fortifications  guard- 
ing that  approach  to  the  city,  in  Fort  Schuyler,  at 
Throg’s  Neck,  etc. — daylight  lasting,  in  the  warm 
season,  until  all  these  points  of  interest  are  passed, 
and  the  remainder  of  the  course  up  the  Sound  offer- 
ing few  attractions  other  than  those  of  a marine 
character. 

At  an  early  hour  in  the  morning  is  reached 
the  end  of  the  route  by  Sound,  and  place  of  debar- 
kation for  those  who  wish  to  vist  the  watering-place 
and  afterwards  proceed  thence  to  Boston  by  rail, — 
in 

Newport,  one  of  the  largest  and  most  important 
towns  of  Rhode  Island,  and  one  of  the  most  cele- 


112 


8H0BT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


brated  and  fashionable  of  American  sea-side  resorts, 
for  the  past  quarter  of  a century  or  longer.  It  lies 
on  Narragansett  Bay,  at  near  the  entrance  from  Long 
Island  Sound,  and  boasts  a harbor  of  peculiar  beauty 
as  well  as  one  of  a depth  of  water  almost  unequalled. 
It  has  a fine  bathing-beach,  markedly  safe,  within 
.short-riding-distance  of  the  principal  hotels ; and  at 
greater  distance  are  to  be  found  and  visited  the  re- 
markable groups  of  rocks  known  as  Paradise.^  Pur- 
gatory ^ the  Hanging  RockSy  etc.  The  Glen^  the 
Spouting  Horn,  Lily  Pond  and  the  Dumpling  Rocks, 
are  also  places  of  much  picturesque  interest  to  visit- 
ors and  residents ; while  at  some  ten  miles  distant, 
south-eastward,  lie  Seconnet  Point  and  West  Island, 
the  latter  supplying  the  very  best  sea-shore-fishin'g 
on  the  American  coast.  Fort  Adams,  at  near  the 
mouth  of  the  harbor,  is  one  of  the  largest  and  strong- 
est fortifications  in  the  North ; and  the  ride  to  it> 
from  the  town,  is  one  of  the  afternoon  features  of 
Newport  life.  Another  peculiarity  of  Newport  is  the 
fine  sailing  in  and  about  the  harbor,  securing  the 
constant  presence  of  yachts,  and  many  regattas 
during  the  season,  on  a more  or  less  extensive  scale. 
And  yet  another  is  to  be  found  in  the  wide  extent  of 
lawned  and  terraced  bluff,  overlooking  the  sea,  where 
are  located  an  immense  number  of  summer-cottages 
of  the  wealthy,  giving  a higher  tone  to  the  prevalent 
hotel-life,  even  while  moderating  and  to  some  degree 
lessening  it.  One  marked  object  of  interest  is  to  be 
found  at  Newport — the  Round  Tower,  alternately 


ROUTE  NO.  ASTERN 


113 


called  a Norse  remain  and  a wind-mill,  but  around 
which  Longfellow,  adopting  the  former  belief,  wove 
his  marvellously  beautiful  poem,  the  Skeleton  in 
Armor.”  There  are  also  some  patriotic  erections  and 
antiquities  of  interest : among  the  structures  the  old 
State  House,  Commodore  Perrifs  House,  the  Verno7i 
Ma7ision,  the  First  Baptist  (1638),  the  Perry 

Monument,  &c. ; and  of  minor  antiquities,  Franklin^ s 
Printing  Press  (now  or  late  in  the  office  of  the 
Newport  Mercury  newspaper),  the  ancient  Chair  of 
State  of  the  Colony,  etc.  Of  modern  buildings  of 
merit,  the  number  is  considerable.  Newport  has  the 
additional  celebrity  of  having  been  the  birth-place  of 
Gilbert  Stuart,  the  painter,  Malbone,  the  miniature- 
painter,  and  Commodore  Perry;  and  Cooper  flung 
round  it  a romantic  interest  as  the  opening  scene 
of  the  Red  Rover.”  Leading  Hotels : the  Ocean 
House,  Atlantic,  United  States,  and  Perry. 

[Above  Newport,  within  convenient  riding  or  sail- 
ing distance,  lies  the  fine  eminence  of  Mount  Hope, 
with  interesting  reminiscences  of  the  Indian  King 
Philip,  and  splendid  views  over  Narragansett  Bay, 
the  city,  harbor,  &c.] 

[Newport  to  Boston,  by  rail,  by  Fall  River  and 
connection  with  the  Old  Colony  road,  or  by  Provi- 
dence.] 

If  not  wishing  to  stop  at  Newport,  and  still  pro- 
ceeding to  Boston,  on  some  New  York  steamer 
from  which  debarkation  has  before  been  supposed, 


114 


SnOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


the  route  will  be  pursued  by  remaining  on  boat  until 
its  next  and  final  landing,  at 

Fall  River,  a thriving  manufacturing  town  on 
Taunton  River,  eastern  branch  of  jN'arragansett  Bay, 
within  the  State  of  Massachusetts  though  near 
the  Rhode  Island  border.  Peculiarly  noted  for 
works  in  machinery,  in  heavy  irons,  and  in  cottons 
and  prints.  [Communication  with  Newport  and 
Providence  by  boat  and  rail.]  Mount  Hope,  before 
alluded  to,  is  in  view  from  Fall  River  and  may  be 
most  conveniently  reached  from  this  point;  and  the 
bridge  connecting  Rhode  Island  (island)  and  the 
main  land  is  near,  at  Tiverton. 

Fall  River  to  Boston,  by  rail  of  the  Old  Colony 
Road. 

Division  D. 

BT  BOAT,  BY  NEW  LONDON,  NORWICH  «&  WORCESTER. 

Leave  New  York,  5 P.  M.,  by  boats  of  the 
Norwich  and  Worcester  Line,  on  the  Sound, 
.the  route  displaying  precisely  the  same  fea- 
tures as  that  before  named,  (except  that  the  run  by 
sea  is  shorter  and  less  exposed  in  rough  weather,  and 
that  rail  is  taken  at  an  earlier  hour)  to 
New  London  [see  previous  description.] 

New  London,  by  rail  on  the  Norwich  and  Wor- 
cester road,  to 

Norwich,  very  old  and  handsome  small  town  of 
Connecticut,  picturesquely  situated  at  the  head  of 
navigation  of  the  river  Thames,  with  its  steep  streets 


ROUTE  NO.  4.,-E ASTERN 


115 


literally  lying  on  terraces,  but  many  manufactures, 
mucli  commercial  prosperity,  and  no  small  number 
of  old  buildings  recalling  the  early  historic  days  of 
the  State. 

From  Norwich,  still  by  rail  of  the  Norwich  and 
Worcester  road — by  Plainfield  [junction,  for  Provi- 
dence, Newport,  &c.],  by  Putnam,  Webster,  Wokges- 
TEll,  &c.,  to  BoSTOi^’. 


Division  E. 

BY  BOAT,  BY  STO^riKGTON^  AKD  PROVIDElSrCE. 

Leave  New  York,  5 P.  M,,  by  boats  of  the  Stoning- 
ton  Steamboat  Company,  on  the  Sound,  with  same 
features  as  those  of  two  previous  routes,  though  less 
extensive  in  sea-voyage  than  that  to  Newport,  and 
longer  than  that  to  New  London — to 

Stonington’,  Connecticut  (before  referred  to  in 
Shore-Line  route  by  rail),  at  mouth  of  Stonington 
river,  near  the  Sound, 

Stonington  by  Providence^  by  rail,  with  same 
features  shown  in  that  division  of  the  Shore-Line 
rail  route,  to  Boston*. 

Division  F. 

AT  AN'D  ABOUT  BOSTON*,  WITH  EXCURSION’S. 

Boston*,  Capital  of  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  one 
of  the  largest,  most  influential  and  handsomest  of 
the  cities  of  America,  and  in  many  regards  the  most 


tlG 


SEORT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


remarkable  of  all — lies  at  the  extreme  western  point 
of  Massachusetts  Bay,  where  that  body  of  water  is 
entered  by  the  Charles  Eiver;  and  most  of  the  old 
city  is  erected  on  a peninsula  of  several  hundred  acres, 
extending  up  from  Roxbury,  at  the  south,  and  curved 
around  by  the  wide  mouth  of  the  Charles  Eiver, 
which  thus  divides  from  it  Cambridge  on  the  west, 
Charlestown  on  the  north,  and  Chelsea  and  East 
Boston  on  the  east  All  these  form  parts  of  the 
present  city,  however,  by  means  of  different  bridges 
spanning  the  river  mouth  and  edge  of  the  harbor ; 
and  the  result  is  that  Boston  seems  from  some  points 
of  view  to  be  almost  as  completely  a City  of  the 
Sea”  as  Venice.  Northeast  of  it,  at  some  miles  dis- 
tance, the  bold  headland  of  Nahant  runs  southward 
from  the  mainland  at  Lynn,  behind  Chelsea  point, 
adding  to  the  picturesqueness  of  the  whole  harbor, 
as  well  as  aiding  the  several  islands  {Castle  Island, 
fortified  bj  Fort  Independence;  Governor's  Island, 
Fort  Winthrop ; George's  Island,  Fort  Warren  ; Deer 
Island,  occupied  by  House  of  Industry  and  other 
public  buildings;  and  others, minor  in  size  and  im- 
portance) in  sheltering  it  from  the  rough  winds  of 
the  east.  An  additional  feature  of  the  old  cit^q  or 
Boston  Proper,”  is  found  in  three  eminences  or 
slight  hills  on  and  among  which  it  was  originally 
built,  giving  it  the  name  of  the  Tri-Montane  City,’^ 
and  originating  the  name  of  Tremont  ” so  inti- 
mately connected  with  it.  On  the  highest  of  these 
stands  the  State  House,  the  whole  city  appearing  to 


ROUTE  NO,  4.,— EASTERN 


117 


elope  up  to  it,  and  the  view,  on  approach,  being  thus 
rendered  peculiarly  impressive. 

With  reference  to  transit  through  and  about  Bos- 
ton, it  may  be  said  that  many  of  the  streets,  especi- 
ally in  the  older  portions  of  the  town,  are  crooked 
and  involved  to  a proverb,  but  that  the  street-car 
system  is  very  extensive,  complete  and  convenient, 
and  that  carriage-hire,  though  high  in  comparison 
to  European,  is  less  exorbitant  than  in  New  York. 

Of  Streets,  the  best  worth  noting  are  Beacon 
Street,  at  the  top  of  the  Common,  the  most  fashion- 
able; Tremont  Street,  at  the  bottom  of  the  Common, 
blending  of  fashion  and  business;  'Washington  St., 
nearly  parallel  with  the  latter,  southward,  business 
centre;  State,  Congress,  and  other  streets  in  the 
neighborhood  of  the  Old ‘State  House,  financial,  law, 
etc.  Other  and  newer  streets  and  avenues,  lying  on 
the  Back  Bay,  west  of  the  Public  Garden,  are  now, 
however,  fashionable;  and  here  have  been  erected 
the  Coliseums  for  the  two  great  Musical  Jubilees. 

Of  Public  Grounds,  Boston  has  two,  within  the 
city  proper,  of  peculiar  prominence : the  Common,  a 
triangular  park  of  nearly  fifty  acres,  sloping  down 
from  the  State  House,  handsomely  shaded,  with  a 
Pond  or  Lake,  and  in  an  enclosure  near  the  middle, 
the  celebrated  Old  called  the  Liberty  Tree; 
and  the  Public  Garden,  adjoining  the  Common  on 
the  West,  with  a handsome  Lake,  bridges,  floral 
walks,  and  a fine  statue  of  Washington,  by  Ball. 

Of  Antiquities,  principally  connected  with  the 


118 


8H0BT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


War  of  the  Kevolution,  Boston  has  many  of  interest : 
Faneuil  Hall,  Faneuil  Hall  Square^,  otherwise  known 
as  the  Cradle  of  Liberty/^  where  early  meetings  of 
•patriots  were  held  (still  used  for  meeting  purposes, 
and  containing  some  national  portraits) ; the  Old 
State  House,  State  Street ; Brattle  Street  Church, 
Brattle  Street  (with  one  of  the  round  shot  of  the 
Charlestown  bombardment  still  embedded  in  the  front 
wall ;)  Old  South  Church,  corner  of  Washington  and 
Milk  Streets;  Ordway  Hall,  Province  House  Court, 
once  the  residence  of  the  Colonial  Governors ; Liberty 
Tree,  Boston  Common;  and  many  others  of  minor 
consequence. 

Of  Pablic  Buildings,  deserving  attention,  are  the 
State  House  (Capitol),  Beacon  Street,  with  interest- 
ing military  and  other  memorials,  legislative  cham. 
bers,  etc.,  within,  and  splendid  and  extensive  view 
from  the  roof;  Cits  tom  House,  foot  of  State  Street ; 
Exchange,  State  Street  (Post  Office  below) ; Court 
House,  Court  Square ; City  Hall,  School  Street  (colos- 
sal statue  of  Franklin,  in  front) ; Massachusetts 
General  Hospital,  Allen  Street;  City  Hospital,  Harri- 
son Avenue ; Quincy  Market,  adjoining  Faneuil  Hall ; 
Boston  Public  Library,  Boylston  Street;  Masonic 
Temple,  corner  Tremont  and  Boylston  Streets,  etc. 
Other  erections  of  interest,  Boston  Water  Works 
(Reservoir),  Herne  Street;  the  Bridges,  connecting 
the  various  suburbs  with  the  city  proper ; the  Wharves 
(Long,  India,  Central,  Commercial,  etc.),  several  of 
them  of  great  extent  and  the  system  the  best  on  the 
Continent. 


ROUTE  NO.  L— EASTERN 


119 


' Of  Monuments,  of  course,  the  first  place  is  taken 
by  the  JBunJcer  Hill  Monument.^  on  Breed^s  Hill,  site 
of  the  Kevolutionary  battle  of  the  first  name.  It  is 
a plain  obelisk  of  granite,  of  great  height,  ascended 
from  within,  and  from  the  top  commanding  a most 
extensive  and  magnificent  view.  Near  it  stands  the 
'Warren  Statue,  in  honor  of  Dr.  Joseph  Warren,  who 
fell  in  the  battle.  In  State  House,  statue  of  Wash- 
ington, by  Chantrey;  and  in  front  of  same  building, 
bronze  statues  of  Daniel  Webster  and  Horace  Mann 
(great  Massachusetts  organizer  of  education).  In 
front  of  City  Hall,  colossal  Franhlin,  before  noticed. 
In  Public  Garden,  equestrian  Washington,  by  Thos. 
Ball,  also  before  noticed. 

Churches  of  prominence : St.  PauVs  (Episcopal), 
Tremont  Street ; Christ  Church  (date  1722),  Salem 
Street ; Old  South  (date  1730),  Washington  and 
Milk  Streets;  Brattle  Street  (Unitarian — date  1773), 
Brattle  Street ; Chapel  (Unitarian — date  1750), 

Tremont  and  School  Streets;  Parle  Street  (Congre- 
gational, with  finest  spire  in  the  city).  Park  Street, 
/acing  Tremont;  Central  (Congregational:  consid- 
ered the  handsomest  in  the  City),  Berkeley  and  New- 
bury Streets;  Trinity  (Episcopal — date  1735),  Sum- 
mer and  Hawley  Streets;  Tremont  Temple  (general 
devotional)  Tremont  Street ; Immaculate  Conception 
(Roman  Catholic),  Harrison  Avenue,  &c.,  &c. 

In  Libraries  and  Literary  Institutions  Boston  is 
peculiarly  rich,  the  intellectual  and  educational 
status  of  the  City  being  especially  enviable.  Among 


120 


SHOBT^miP  GUIDE 


the  more  notable  libraries  may  be  mentioned  the 
Boston  Public  Library  ; the  Athenmum^  (with  gal- 
lery of  paintings  and  sculpture);  the  Mercantile; 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences;  Natural 
History  Society  ; Massachusetts  Historical  Society ; 
State^  LaiOy  General  Theological^  and  others. 

Commercial  Buildings  of  much  merit  in  architec- 
ture abound  in  Boston ; though  many  of  the  finest 
on  Franlclin^  Devonshire,  Summer,  Washington, 
Congress,  and  other  streets,  were  destroyed  in  the 
great  fire  of  November,  9-lOth,  1872 — the  largest 
ever  occurring  in  America,  after  that  of  Chicago,  and 
involving  the  loss  of  $70,000,000.  Boston  has  won- 
derful powers  of  recuperation,  and  great  intrinsic 
-resources,  however;  and  already  displays  all  its 
former  magnificence,  with  many  improvements. 

Principal  Theatres,  etc.  the  Boston  Theatre  (opera- 
house,  at  intervals),  Washington  Street;  Globe 
Theatre  (late  Selwyn^s),  Washington  Street ; Boston 
Museum,  Treniont  Street ; Howard  Athenwum,  How- 
ard Street  ; Music  Hall,  Winter  Street,  near  Tre- 
mont  (with  organ  of  immense  size  and  power,  se- 
cond in  the  world),  etc.  Prominent  Hotel  Build- 
ings (also  Hotels):  the  American,  Hanover  Street; 
Parker,  School  Street;  SL  James,  Newton  Street; 
United  States,  Beach  Street;  Tremont,  Tremont 
Street ; Revere,  Bowdoin  Square,  etc. 

Excursions  from  the  City,  on  foot,  by  horse-car, 
or  carriage,  include  those  to  Harvard  Ukiyersity, 
Cambridge,  with  15  buildings,  an  Anatomical  Mu- 


EOUTE  NO,  ASTERN 


121 


eeum,  an  Observatory,  and  the  first  educational  rank 
in  the  Western  World ; to  the  Washington  Head 
Quarters  (now  residence  of  Professor  LongfelloAV,  the 
poet.)  also  at  Cambridge,  with  Tree,  under  which 
Washington  took  command  of  the  American  forces; 
to  Mount  Auburn  Cemetery^  four  miles  from  the  city, 
with  Tower,  commanding  excellent  view;  Chape], 
containing  stained  windows,  busts  of  Adams,  Win- 
throp,  Story,  &c.;  and  Spurzheim,  Bowditch,  and 
other  handsome  and  attractive  monuments  in  the 
grounds;  to  Forest  Hill  and  Mount  IIo])e  Cemete- 
ries,^ Koxbury ; to  Woodlaion  Cemetery ^ near  Chelsea ; 
to  Cochituate  Lahe,^  whence  the  water-supply  for  Bos- 
ton is  drawn:  to  Wenham  Lahe^^liQuQQ  is  derived 
most  of  the  American  ice-supply  for  Europe;  to 
Fresh  Pond,  a place  of  summer  resort  near  Mount 
Auburn,  etc.  Those  by  boat  or  carriage  will  include 
Nahant,  bold  headland  on  the  east  of  the  harbor, 
once  a fashionable  watering-place,  and  always  cool, 
attractive  and  pleasant ; Lynn,  near  Nahant,  famous 
as  the  head  of  the  shoe-manufacture  of  the  world ; 
Chelsea  Beach,  Swampscott  and  Phillips^  Beach, 
northward  of  Naliant ; Nantashet  Beach,  south  side 
of  the  harbor,  etc. 

From  Boston,  also,  may  be  conveniently  reached 
[by  Boston  and  Lowell  railroad], 

Lowell,  large  and  thriving  town  on  the  Merri- 
mac  Eiver,  at  its  junction  with  the  Concord.  It  is 
the  largest  of  the  American  manufacturing  towns, 
and  considered  the  Manchester  of  the  Western 


122 


SnORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


World,  not  less  than  50  to  CO  large  mills  being  em- 
ployed in  the  manufacture  of  cottons,  prints,  ■woollens, 
etc.,  and  the  operative  labor  reaching  to  the  number 
of  from  14,000  to  15,000,  a large  majority  females,  of 
rare  intelligence  for  their  class.  The  PctzViUclcct 
Falls,  near  the  city,  furnish  the  water-power  for  all 
the  Mills,  many  of  which,  with  the  Falls  themselves 
and  some  of  the  principal  buildings  and  public 
grounds  of  the  town,  are  worth  examination.  Lead- 
ing Hotels : the  Merrimac,  Washington,  and  Ameri- 
can,  [Rail  connection  to  Groton  for  all  points 
westward ; to  Nashua,  for  points  northward ; to 
Laiorence,  eastward,  etc.J 

May  also  be  conveniently  reached  from  Boston, 
south-eastward,  [Old  Colony  road], 

Pltjioutii  (“Plymouth  Rock”),  place  of  landing 
of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers,  with  Pilgrims'  Hall  and 
many  interesting  relics  of  the  early  settlement ; and 
Hew  Bedeoud,  on  Vineyard  Sound,  at  the  head 
of  what  remains  of  the  whaling  business,  and  a sea- 
port of  picturesque  location  and  prominence;  or  [by 
same  and  Cape  Cod  railroad]. 

Cape  Cod,  Yarmouth,  Hyannis,  and  all  that  wild 
and  desolate  but  interesting  section  of  the  Atlantic 

coast.  ^ 

May  also  be  conveniently  reached  from  Boston, 
(by  Eastern  railway,  by  Somerville,  South  Malden, 

Chelsea,  Lynn  and  Swampscott), 

Saleji,  very  old  town  and  port  on  the  coast,  with 
a certain  celebrity  on  account  of  the  witch-burnings 


ROUTE  NO,  4..-^ EASTERN. 


m 


and  other  events  of  Colonial  times,  and  very  pictur- 
esque in  location  and  many  of  its  buildings ; but 
much  more  notable,  now,  as  at  one  time  the  residence 
of  Nathaniel  Hawthorne  and  scene  of  his  House  of 
the  Seven  Gables”  and  other  stories.  Also  (by 
Fitchburg  Kailway), 

Concord^  on  the  Concord  branch  of  the  Merrimao 
River,  noted  for  beauty  of  scenery  in  the  neighbor- 
hood, and  in  connection  with  the  literary  labors  of 
Henry  D.  Thoreau,  Hawthorne,  and  others. 

Also  maybe  visited  by  rail  from  Boston  to  Wood’s 
Hole,  and  boat ; or  from  Fall  River  (New  York 
boat)  ; or  by  steamer  from  New  Bedford, 

Martha’s  Viisteyard,  island  off  the  coast,  spot 
selected  every  year  in  August  for  the  great  annual 
Camp-Meeting  of  the  Methodist  denomination,  and 
now  becoming  a place  of  popular  resort  for  bathing 
and  sea*  shore  residence,  with  hotels.  (May  also  be 
reached,  direct  from  New  York,  by  steamer  for 
Portland). 


ROUTE  NO.  5.-EASTERN. 


BOSTOK  TO  POETLAND,  QUEBEC  AKD  MOEfTEEAL,  BY 
BOSTOiq-  AKD  MAIKE,  EASTEEJ^-,  AKD  GEAI^U  . 

TEU^TK  EOADS. 

Division  A. 

BOSTOiq*  TO  AISTD  AT  POETLAl^D,  BY  BOSTOI^  ANI> 
MAI^TE  EOAD. 

Leave  Boston  by  rail  on  the  Boston  and  Maine 
railroad,  by  Medford,  Melrose,  South  Reading  Junc- 
tion [connection  for  Iforth  Danvers,  Georgetown 
and  Newburyporf],  Beading,  Wilmington  Junction 
[connection  for  Lowell],  and  minor  stations,  to 
Laweehce,  large  manufacturing  town  of  the  State 
of  Massachusetts,  with  heavy  specialty  of  cotton  and 
prints,  lying  on  the  Merrimac  Eiver,  whence,  by 
means  of  a dam,  the  important  water-power  is  de- 
rived. Some  of  the  mills  are  of  immense  size  and 
capacity,  employing  operators  to  the  number  of  thou- 
sands. Has  a Common,  a City  Hall,  and  other  build- 
ings worth  notice ; and  an  Operative  Library  form- 
ing a special  feature.  [Eailway  connection  with 
Lowell,  and  thence  with  Nashua  and  the  North^ 
with  Boston  and  the  South,  &c. ; also  Northwest 
with  Manchester,  Concord,  &c.] 

Lawrence  by  N.  Andover,  Bradford  [connection 
for  Georgetown  and  Newburyport\  Haverhill  (with 
fine  long  Bridge  over  the  Merrimac  to  Bradford,  and 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.—EASTERN 


125 


some  educational  institutions  of  prominence),  Atkin- 
son, Newton,  &c.,  to 

Exetee,  New  Hampshire,  lying  on  Exeter  Eiver, 
and  a place  of  importance  in  coasting  commerce  ana 
manufactures;  thence  by  S.  Newmarket  to 

Newmarlcd  Junction  [connection  west  to  Concord 
and  the  Franconia  Eange  of  the  White  Mountains ; 
and  east  to 

Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  Piscataqua 
Eiver,  second  city  of  the  State  in  importance,  with 
a large  and  very  fine  harbor ; a United  States  Navy 
Yard;  and  a connection,  by  bridge,  with  Kittery, 
Maine,  also  an  important  naval  station.  From 
Portsmouth  can  be  reached  Rye  Beach  and  Hamyton 
Beach.^  attractive  bathing-places  on  the  New  Hamp- 
shire coast,  and  the  Isles  of  Shoals^  off  the  coast, 
celebrated  fishing  and  summer  resorts.] 

Pursuing  the  main  line,  Newmarket  Junction,  by 
Newmarket,  Durham,  &c.  (within  sight  of  the  broad 
Piscataqua)  to 

Dover,  New  Hampshire,  thriving  town  on  the 
Piscataqua.  [Connection,  west,  for  Alton  Bay,  Lake 
Winnepesaukie,  and  the  White  Mountains.] 

Dover,  by  Salmon  Falls  [connection  for  Great 
Falls,  Eochester,  and  to  Alton  Bay,  &c.]  ; by  South 
Berwick  Junction  [connection  eastward  for  Kittery 
and  Portsmoutli]  ; by  Wells,  Kennebunk,  Biddeford, 
Saco  (large  manufacturing  village  on  the  Saco  Eiver, 
with  extensive  water-power  and  very  handsomQ 
Laurel  Hill  Cemetery),  West  Scar  boro.  Cape  Eliza- 
beth, and  minor  stations,  to 


126 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


Portland,  commercial  metropolis  of  the  State  of 
Maine,  and  one  of  the  most  important  cities  of  the 
East,  lying  on  a peninsula  at  the  Southwest  of  Casco 
Bay,  with  a very  handsome  and  convenient  location 
and  one  of  the  deepest  and  best  harbors  on  the  At- 
lantic coast.  The  harbor  has  many  fine  islands,  and 
is  defended  by  Fort  Preble  and  other  extensive  forti- 
cations.  A great  fire,  in  1866,  destroyed  a large  por- 
tion of  the  city,  but  the  marks  are  now  only  visible 
in  the  increased  beauty  of  the  well-laid-out  and 
handsomely-shaded  city.  From  the  Observatory^ 
overlooking  the  harbor,  fine  views  can  be  caught 
over  the  sea  and  coast,  and  over  the  distant  country, 
West  to  the  White  Mountains.  The  most  extensive 
thoroughfare  is  Congress  which  runs  the  whole 
distance  of  the  peninsula.  Among  the  most  notable 
buildings  are  the  City  Hall,  Court  House,  Marine 
Hospital,  and  some  of  the  churches,  manufacturing 
and  commercial  structures.  The  Atheneum  and 
Mercantile  Library  have  fine  libraries;  and  the 
Natural  History  Society  possesses  an  excellent  cabi- 
net of  varied  character.  Excursions  from  Portland 
include  the  Islands  in  the  Bay ; Cape  Elizabeth,  a 
favorite  bathing  and  fishing  resort  on  south  side  of  i 
tne  Bay;  Sebago  Pond;  and  many  of  minor  in  ter- 
sest. Prominent  Hotels  at  Portland:  the  Falmouth, 
^Preble,  &c. 

[The  Allan  Lines  of  steamships  between  Liver- 
pool and  Glasgow,  and  Halifax,  Quebec  and  Mon- 
treal, make  Portland  an  important  depot  at  all  sea- 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.-EASTERN. 


127 


sous  and  the  port  and  end  of  sea- route  in  the  winter 
season.] 

[Kail way  connection  from  Portland  southward,  i 
by  route  just  traversed;  to  Montreal  and  Quebec,  by 
Grand  Trunk  (see  route  followiDg);  to  A^igustcty 
Bangor,  Moosehead  Lake,  &c.,  by  the  Maine  Central; 
to  Lake  Winnepesaukie  and  the  White  Mountains, 
by  the  North  New  Hampshire,  &c.] 

Division  B. 

BOSTOiT  TO  POKTLAKD,  BY  EASTEKIJ^  KAILROAD. 

Leave  Bostop  by  rail  on  the  Eastern  Eailroad,  by 

Lynx,  important  manufacturing  town,  on  the 
upper  side  of  Boston  Harbor,  with  specialty  of  the 
most  extensive  shoe-manufacturing  in  the  world;  by 

Sale^i,  old  town  and  port  on  the  coast,  with  an 
important  history  in  colonial  times,  and  interesting 
reminiscences  of  Hawthorne  (see  p.  122);  by 

Beverly,  celebrated  as  the  home  of  the  peculiar 
New  England  dish,  baked-beans  (connections 
eastward  to  Gloucester  and  Cape  Ann) ; hj  Ijpswich  ; 

Newbubypobt,  town  and  coasting-seaport  of 
prominence,  lying  at  the  mouth  of  the  Merrimac 
Eiver,  with  a fine  harbor  and  much  beauty  in  loca- 
cation  and  surroundings,  and  by  many  considered 
one  of  the  handsomest  towns  in  Massachusetts. 
Hotel,  the  Merrimac  House.  [Connection  west  for 
Bradford,  Loioell,  &c.] 


128 


SHORT^TBIP  GUIDE, 


Newburyport  to 

Salisbury^  small  town  of  age  and  past  importance, 
and  with  a mingled  celebrity  as  the  place  where 
many  considerable  events  in  colonial  history  oc- 
curred, of  which,  and  past  residents,  many  inter- 
esting monuments  remain  in  the  neighborhood — as 
also  as  the  birthplace  of  the  mother  of  Daniel  Web- 
ster, as  that  of  Caleb  Cushing,  &c.  [Connection 
westward  is  made  from  Salisbury  to  Ameshury,  pil- 
grimage of  no  secondary  importance  as  the  home  oi 
one  of  the  first  of  American  poets,  Johk  G. 
Whittiee.] 

Salisbury  to 

POETSMOUTH,  leading  seaport  and  naval  depot, 
belonging  to  the  State  of  New  Hampshire,  and  the 
only  marine  port  of  the  'State ; lying  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Piscataqua  Eiver,  with  fine  harbor,  TJnited 
States  Navy  Yard,  costly  dry-docks,  and  all  appur- 
tenances of  such  a station ; also  with  some  interest- 
ing churches,  many  fine  buildings  (some  very  old — 
among  others  the  Langdon  residence),  tomb  of  Sir 
William  Pepperell,  well  shaded  streets,  and  much 
celebrity  as  a place  of  summer  resort,  of  itself  and 
as  a place  of  departure  for  Eye  Beach,  Hampton 
Beach,  the  Isles  of  Shoals,  and  other  hot- weather 
^habitats.  (See  p.  125.)  Hotels,  the  Philiriclc 
RocTcingham,  City,  &c. 

Across  the  Piscataqua  lies  the  town  of 

Eittery,  Maine,  virtually  a part  of  Portsmouth, 


ROUTE  m,  ^EASTERN. 


ma 


thoiigli  in  another  State,  and  forming  also  a part  of 
the  naval  station. 

Portsmouth  to 

Comuay  Junction  (connection  westward  for  Con- 
way and  the  White  Mountains).  To 

South  Berioich  Junction,  [Connection  with  the 
Boston  and  Maine  road,  from  the  southward — iden- 
tical with  this  route  thence  by  Kennelunh,  Bidde- 
ford  and  Saco  to  Poetlai^d.]  (See  p.  126.) 

Division  O. 

PORTLAND  TO  QUEBEC  OR  MONTREAL. 

Leave  Portland  by  rail  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Eail- 
way,  by  minor  stations  to  Yarmouth  Junction  [con- 
nection for  Augusta,  capital  of  the  State  of  Maine, 
lying  on  the  Kennebec  Kiver ; for  Bangor,  important 
town  on  the  Penobscot  Eiver ; and  for  towns  and 
sections  farther  east] ; to  DanviUc  Junction  [con- 
nection for  Bangor,  for  Shoiuhegan  and  Moosehead 
Lalce] ; by  minor  stations  to  Gorham,  at  the  north- 
ern edge  of  the  White  Mountains  [important  inter- 
sections, by  stage-coaches,  to  and  from  the  mountain 
towns  and  resorts ; and  views  of  the  mountains,  in 
♦ fine  weather,  peculiarly  striking,  from  all  this  section 
of  the  road] ; to  Island  Pond  [connection,  south- 
westward,  with  the  Connecticut  and  Passumpsic 
Eiver  Eailway,  from  Vermont  and  Franconia  Notch 
sections] ; to  Stanstead  [carriage  communication 
with  Lake  Memphremagog]  ; to  Sherirooh  [another 


1285  FMOET-TRIP  GUIDE. 

connection  with  the  Connecticut  and  Passumpsio 
Kiver  line] ; to  Richmond  [point  of  divergence  of 
the  branches  of  the  Crank  Trunk  road,  to  Montreal 
and  Quebec]. 

Pursuing  the  route  to  Montreal:  Eichinond  by 
St.  Ilyacinthe,  St.  Prune,  St.  Ililaire,  and  other  un- 
important stations,  to  St.  Lambert,  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence River,  the  Victoria  Bridge  and  Montreal. 

Pursuing  the  route  to  Quebec:  Richmond  by 
Danville,  Afihahasca  [connection  by  Bulstrode,  to 
DoiiceFs  Landing,  on  St.  Lawrence  River,  at  lower 
end  of  Lake  St.  Peter;  thence  by  ferry  to  Ihree 
Rivers,  Canada] ; by  Becancour,  Black  River,  and 
minor  stations,  to  Chaudiere  Junction  [connection 
for  Riviere  du  Loup  and  Lower  St.  Lawrence] ; to 
Point  Levi,  on  the  St.  Lawrence,  whence  ferry  to 

Quebec.  „ , , 

[For  notes  of  Montreal  and  Quebec,  see  Canadian 

routes.] 


ROUTE  NO.  6.-N0RTHERN  AND  EASTERN. 

BOSTOl^  TO  LAKE  WIKKIPESAUKIE,  THE  WHITS 
MOUKTAIHS  AKH  POKTLAHD  (OPTIOH  OP  CAHA- 
. DIAX  cities) — BY  BOSTOH  AXD  MAIHE  RxVIL- 
KOAD,  &C. 

Leave  Boston  by  Boston  and  Maine  railroad^  as  by 
route  to  Portland,  &c.  As  by  tliat  route,  to 
Dover,  New  Ilampsliire.  Thence  Dover  and  Win- 
nipesaukie  road,  by  (S-onic,  Rochester  [junction  ivith 
road  from  Salmon  Falls  by  Great  Falls,  and  its  ex- 
tension northward  to  TInionvillel  Farmington, 
Davis’,  New  Durham  and  Alton,  to 
Alton  Bay,  fit  the  extreme  southern  point  of  Lahs 
Winnijoesaiikie — pleasant  residence,  with  fine  views 
of  the  Lake  and  mountains  northward,  but  deriving 
its  principal  importance  from  the  railway  and 
steamer  transit  through  it.  From  Alton  Bay  a visit 
should  be  paid,  if  time  allows,  before  proceeding 
northward,  by  Lady  of  the  Lake  ” or  other  staunch 
, little  steamers  on  the  Lake,  to 
; WoLFBOEO’,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Lake,  a 
I charming  summer  resort,  with  fine  views,  excellent 
! sailing  and  fishing,  and  much  attraction  and  popu- 
! larity  as  a residence.  Hotel:  the  Pavilion.  [Stage- 
1 coach  may  be  taken  at  Wolfboro’,  for  proceeding 
northward  to  Conway,  without  visiting  Centre  Har- 


130 


8E0BT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


bor ; but  this  course  is  scarcely  advisable  on  a first 
visit]  Wolfboro^  again  by  steamboat,  through 
charming  lake-scenery,  to 

Oentke  Harbor,  larger  village  on  the  northern 
shore  of  the  Lake,  the  location  of  which  is  considered 
unequalled  by  many  tourists,  as  the  Lake  itself, 
with  its  exquisite  combination  of  island  groups  and 
wooded  shore,  with  bold  mountains  forming  a back- 
ground in  all  northerly  directions,  is  one  of  the 
very  finest  in  America  and  with  few  superiors 
elsewhere.  Leading  Hotel : the  Senter  Ilouse^ 
Among  the  finest  points  of  mountain  view,  from 
Centre  Harbor  and  elsewhere  on  the  Lake,  may  be 
named  Mounh  SalmonlrooJc^  Wliiteface,  Ossipee, 
MajoVy  Cliicoruay  Red  Mountain  (ascent  by  carriage 
and  on  horseback),  Kearsarge  and  Monadnock. 
Many  and  charming  excursions  are  made  from  the 
village,  on  the  lakes,  to  the  mountains  and  elsewhere; 
and  among  the  most  notable  is  that  to  Sqnani 
Lakey  lying  a few  miles  west  of  Winnipesaukie 
very  romantic  in  scenery,  and  supplying  rare  trout 
and  other  fishing. 

At  Centre  Harbor  stage-coach  is  taken,  for  re- 
mainder of  the  route  northward  to  the  White  Moun- 
tains. This  affords  one  of  the  most  magnificent 
rides  attainable  in  the  world,  especially  if  fine 
weather  allows  outside  seats  on  the  coach  to  be 
used.  The  road  leads  up  the  Saco  Eiver,  along  the 
charming  Conway  Valley y with  views  of  the  Lake 
district  lingering  behind,  and  others  of  the  great 


BO  TJTE  NO.  Q.--NOBTEEBN  AND  EASTERN.  131 

mountain  section  continually  changing  ahead,  and 
with  Mount  Washington^  the  monarch  of  the  east- 
ern range,  often  in  sight.  This  ride  terminates  at 

Nouth  Cokway,  a picturesque  village  lying  in  the 
valley,  from  which  the  views  of  the  White  Eange  are 
something,  in  comparison,  like  those  of  Mt.  Blanc 
from  Chamounix,  while  the  number  of  .easy  excur- 
sions to  celebrated  points  is  almost  unequalled.  It 
is  here  that  many  of  the  artists’  summer  sketches, 
especially  of  Kearsarge  and  Chicorua  and  the  higher 
peaks  of  the  White  Mountains,  all  in  full  view,  are 
made ; while  the  Ledges  (grand  perpendicular  cliffs, 
nearly  one  thousand  feet  in  height)  Artists^  Brooh 
the  Cathedral,  Diana^s  Bath,  &c.,  are  wnthin  conve 
nient  reach.  Prominent  Hotels : the  Kearsarge, 
Washington,  McMillan,  Cliff,  etc. 

North  Conway,  by  stage-coach  or  carriage,  through 
PinJcham  Notch,  surrounded  by  the  lesser  giants  of 
the  White  Eange,  to  the 

House,  with  much  fine  scenery  in  the  neigh- 
borhood, but  especially  notable  as  being  the  nearest 
of  any  of  the  mountain  resorts  to  the  great  peaks  of 
the  White  Eange,  and  giving  the  rarest  views  of 
them — as  well  as  the  point  from  which  the  ascent  of 
Mount  Washington  is  made,  by  rail.  Among  the 
points  of  interest  to  be  visited  from  the  Glen,  are 
Thompson's  and  Glen  Ellis  Falls,  the  former  on  the 
Peabody  Eiver,  some  two  miles  from  the  hotel, 
and  the  latter  on  the  Ellis,  about  four  miles ; the 
Crystal  Cascade,  near  Glen  Ellis;  Garnet  and 


132 


SnOET-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Emerald  Pools^  witli  peculiar  colors  indicated  by 
their  names,  &c.  But  the  speciality  of  the  Glen 
House,  as  before  noted,  is  the 
Ascent  of  Mount  Washington^  by  railway.  The 
features  of  this  ascent  need  no  description,  especially 
to  those  who  have  made  Alpine  crossings  by  rail. 
It  is  considered  eminently  safe,  has  little  fatigue  in- 
volved, and  certainly  supplies  all  the  elements  of  the 
picturesque  and  the  exciting.  Stout  clothing  is  ad- 
visable, if  not  always  necessary.  This  ascent  being 
made  in  the  morning,  the  top  of  the  giant  will  be 
reached  at  the  most  favorable  hour,  and  the  ivonder- 
fill  vieio  from  the  summit  enjoyed,  if  the  capriciouf) 
weather  allows  that  great  privilege.  This  view  is 
quite  equal  to  that  from  the  Ehigi  or  Pilatus,  over 
Switzerland,  though  perhaps  lacking  the  variety  in 
scenery.  To  the  v/est,  in  bright  weather,  are  seen 
the  higher  peaks  of  the  Green  Mountains  of  Yer* 
mont ; southwest,  some  of  the  White  and  many  of 
the  Franconia  Range — especially  Lafayette;  north 
and  north-east,  the  other  great  peaks  of  the  White 
Range,  and  more  distant  the  mountains  of  Canada ; 
east  the  sea,  beyond  Portland ; southeast  and  south 
those  surrounding  Lake  Winnipesaukie,  and  that 
Lake  itself;  while  various  rivers,  small  lakes,  towns 
and  hamlets  combine  to  make  up  a picture  of  mar- 
vellous extent  and  beauty.  Dinner  is  provided  at 
the  Tip-Top  House,  on  the  summit,  where  during 
the  last  seasons  scientists  have  resided  all  winter,  to 
make  observations. 


BO  UTE  m.  (S.-^NOBTBERIS'  AND  EASTERN.  133 


Horses  (kept  in  y/aiting)  and  guides  should  he 
taken  at  the  summit,  and.  the  descent  made  in  the 
other  direction,  crossing  Mts.  FranMin,  Monroe  and 
Pleasant ; and  the  three  wondrous  gulfs,  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico.,  Tiiclcerman^s  Ravine,  and  Oalces^  Gulf 
(some  or  all  of  them  containing  deep  snow  in 
midsummer)  will  be  pointed  out  by  the  guides. 
At  the  end  of  nine  miles’  descent  will  be  reached 
the 

Crawfoud  House,  lying  in  what  is  now  called 
the  Willey  Notch,  and  nearly  at  the  foot  of  Alt, 
Cranford,  while  Alt.  Weister  and  other  giants  of  the 
range  show  grandly  northward.  The  most  marked 
feature  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  Crawford,  is 
the 

Willey  House,  standing  at  a short  distance  up  the 
Notch,  where  in  1836  a landslide  from  the  mountain 
aboye  destroyed  the  family  of  the  same  name,  and 
their  residence — of  which  catastrophe  many  relics 
are  yet  pointed  out  and  a few  of  them  still  offered 
for  sale.  From  the  Crawford  may  also  be  made 
the 

Ascent  of  ML  Willard,  practicable  either  by  car- 
riage or  on  foot,  and  affording  a most  magnificent 
series  of  views  from  near  the  summit ; as  also  visit 
to  the  DeviVs  Den,  a cave  of  peculiar  wildness  and 
some  danger  of  access.  Also  may  be  visited,  from  the  j 
Crawford,  Giiis’  Falls,  a cascade  of  much  beauty, ' 
reached  by  short  walk  from  the  house. 

From  the  Crawford  House,  by  stage-coach  or  car- 


134 


8H0RT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


riage,  by  the  White  Mountain  House^  Falls  of  the 
j Ammonoosuc,  and  Bethlehem,  to  the 

Profile  House,  in  the  Franconia  Notch. 

[For  notes  on  the  Profile  House  and  neighbor- 
hood, see  termination  of  route:  ^^New  York  to  the 
TVliite  Mountains,  by  New  London,  &c.” — Eoute 
No.  7.] 

[The  tourist  who  has  made  his  arrival  at  the 
Franconia  Notch  by  the  just  completed  route  from 
Boston,  and  who  yet  wishes  to  return  southward 
without  proceeding  to  either  Quebec  or  Montreal, 
should  pursue  one  of  the  following  named  routes  in 
return,  for  the  sake  of  variety  in  direction  and 
scenery.  1st.  From  Littleton  (stage-coach  from  the 
Profile  House),  by  rail  by  Wells  Kiver,  Plj^mouth, 
Weir’s  Landing,  Concord,  Worcester  and  New  Lon- 
don, and  steamboat  of  Norwich  and  Worcester  line 
from  New  London  to  New  York.  (See  route  No. 
7 : New  York  to  the  White  Mountains,”  reversing.) 
Or,  2d.  From  Littleton  to  Wells  Eiver,  and  con- 
tinue by  rail  by  White  Eiver  Junction,  Bellows 
Falls,  Springfield,  Hartford  and  New  Haven  to  New 
York.  Or,  3d.  From  Littleton  to  Wells  Eiver, 
White  Eiver  Junction,  Bellows  Falls,  Eutland,  Troy 
or  Albany  ; and  down  the  Hudson  Eiver  by  boat  or 
rail  to  New  York.  Or,  4th.  From  Littleton  to  Wells 
Eiver,  White  Eiver  Junction,  Burlington,  boat  on 
Lake  Champlain  to  Ticonderoga  (for  Lake  George) 
or  Whitehall,  Saratoga,  Albany  or  Troy,  and  boat 
or  rail  to  New  York.] 


ROUTE  NO,  ^.—NORTHERN  AND  EASTERN  135 

[To  go  northward  from  Littleton  to  Montreal  or  - 
Quebec.  For  Montreal,  to  White  River  Junction, 
thence  to  Burlington,  St.  Allan^s.  and  St.  John^s  to 
the  Victoria  Bridge  and  Montreal.  For  Quebec, 
to  Wells  River,  Newport  (Lake  Memphremagog), 
Lenoxville,  Richmond  and  Arthabascay  to  Point  Levi 
and  ferry  to  Quebec.] 


ROUTE  NO.  7.-N0RTHERN  AND  EASTERN. 


STEW  YORK  TO  THE  WHITE  MOUHTAIKS  AHD  CAKADA, 

BY  HEW  LOHDOH,  HORWICH  AKD  WORCESTER, 
LAKE  WIHHIPESAUKIE,  ETC. ; OR  BY  HEW 
LOHDOH  AHD  HORTHERH  ROAD. 

Division  A. 

BY  HEW  LOHDOH,  HORWICH  AHD  WORCESTER, 
MERRBIAC  AHD  WIHHIPESAUEIE  ROUTE. 

Leave  New  York  at  5 P.  M.,  on  Sound,  by  Nor- 
wich and  Worcester  boat,  as  by  corresponding  line 
for  Boston.  (See  Boston  route : By  boat  by  New 
London,  &c.”)  As  by  that  route,  to  New  London^ 
Norwich^  and  to 

Worcester,  point  of  separation  of  the  trains  east- 
ward for  Boston  and  northward  for  the  Mountains. 
Worcester  to 

Oroton  Junction  [connections  eastward  for  Con^ 
cord  and  Bostoh;  also  eastward  for  Loivell  and 
Lawrence;  also  westward  for  the  Hoosic  Tunnel 
(immense  work  of  engineering,  on  the  Mt.  Cenis 
plan,  not  yet  completed),  for  Albahy,  &c.] 

Very  soon  after  leaving  Groton  Junction  comes  into 
view  the  Merrimac  River ^ with  the  striking  and  pic- 
turesque scenery  of  the 

Valley  of  the  Merrimac^  considered  among  the 


EO  XITE  NO.  7.--N0ET11BEN  AND  EASTEBN  137 

finest  rivers  in  New  Englandj  and  tlienceforward  ac- 
companying tlie  traveler  almost  to  the  foot  of  the 
mountains.  Next  important  point  is 

Manchester,  New  Hampshire,  large  and  thriving 
manufacturing  village,  on  the  Merrimac,  the  mills 
and  some  other  factories  worthy  of  attention  from 
those  whose  leisure  permits  stoppage,  but  showing 
even  more  than  ordinary  interest  in  manufacturing 
detail,  even  from  the  train.  Hotel:  the  Manchester 
House.  Manchester,  still  along  the  Merrimac,  to 

Concord,  capital  of  the  State  of  New  Hampshire, 
lying  on  the  same  river,  and  presenting  many  points 
of  attraction  for  visitor  residence.  It  has  handsome 
public  grounds;  notable  public  buildings,  in  the 
State  House  (recently  rebuilt),  the  State  Lunatic 
Asylum^  State  Prison^  and  some  of  the  municipal 
and  other  erections ; and  Main  street^  the  principal 
thoroughfare,  is  remarkably  long,  fine  and  well 
kept.  It  has  great  granite  quarries  in  the  neighbor- 
hood, a considerable  amount  of  manufactures  and 
much  general  prosperity.  Leading  Hotel : the  Hagh 
House.  [Connection  by  rail,  eastward  to  JDover^ 
Portsmouthy  &c. ; westward  to  the  Connecticut 
Valley  routes  northward  and  southward,  &c.]  Con- 
cord (with  distant  but  very  fine  views  of  the  Win- 
nipesaukie  and  White  Mountains  commencing,  and 
thence  continuing,  with  infinite  variations,  to  the 
end  of  the  route),  by  Sanbornton  and  other  stations 
to 

Wnr^s  Landing,  at  the  western  edge  of  Lahe 


138 


8H0BT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


WinnipesaulciOj  with  yery  fine  yiews  oyer  the  Lake 
and  its  many  islands.  [Connection,  by  boat  on  the 
Lake,  for  Centre  Harlot  or  Wolfboro^  and  thence  by 
stage-coach  for  Conway  and  the  White  Kange.] 
Weir’s  Landing,  by  Meredith,  &c.,  to 

Plymouth,  at  the  foot  of  the  mountains,  with 
splendid  yiews  southward  and  many  attractions  as  a 
place  of  sojourn.  Hotel : the  Femiyatuasset.  (Lei- 
surely pause,  for  dinner). 

[At  Plymouth  stage-coach  or  priyate  carriage 
may  be  taken,  for  the  splendid  drive  of  twenty-five 
to  thirty  miles,  up  through  the  Valley  of  the  Pemi- 
gawasset,  to  the  Profile  House — during  which  a.  se- 
ries of  yiews  will  be  enjoyed,  approaching  the  moun- 
tains, not  often  equalled  in  any  land.] 

From  Plymouth,  by  rail,  literally  among  the  moun- 
tains, and  among  glorious  scenery,  to 

Wells  River  [connection  westward  for  Montpelier 
(capital  of  the  State  of  Vermont)  and  Northern 
Vermont;  southward  for  White  River  Junction. 
Eoute  may  also  be  pursued  northward,  either  before 
or  after  visiting  the  Franconia  Notch,  to  Pfezvpori 
and  the  beautiful  Lake  Memphremagog,  lying  on 
the  border  between  Vermont  and  Canada,  and  offer- 
ing fine  views,  picturesque  scenery,  excellent  fishing, 
and  many  other  attractions.  Or,  the  same  route 
may  be  pursued,  to  Newport,  thence  on  by  way  of 
Eichmond,  &c.,  to  Quebec,  or  bending  westward 
from  Richmond,  to  Montreal.] 

Wells  Eiver,  through  even  grander  scenery  than 
that  from  Plymouth,  to 


nOUTE  NO.  7.— NORTHERN  AND  EASTERN  139 


Littleton,  small  village  at  the  entrance  of  the  Fran- 
conia Notch,  whence  stage-coach  is  taken,  for  the 
ride  through  the  Notch,  with  many  of  the  best 
features  of  American  mountain  scenery,  to  the 
Peofile  House.  [For  notes  on  the  Profile  House 
and  neighborhood,  see  immediately  following.] 

Division  B. 

BY  LOKDOK  AKD  THE  HEW  LOHDOH  HOETK- 

EEH  EOUTE. 

New  York  by  Norwich  and  Worcester  boat  on  the 
Sound,  5 P.  M.,  as  by  route  just  concluded,  to 
. Ne?v  London,  (Later  rest  is  secured,  by  this 
route,  than  by  that  by  Worcester  and  Winnipesau- 
kie,  from  the  non-necessity  of  taking  tlie  train  until 
5 A.  M.)  From  New  London  by  rail,  by  Norwich^ 
through  a very  pleasant  and  prosperous  part  of  the 
State  of  Connecticut,  and  past  villages  embodying 
large  manufacturing  interests ; by  (man- 

ufacturing village,  with  railway  connections  west- 
ward to  the  Hartford,  Providence  and  Fishkill  road) ; 
by  Tolland,  Stafibrd,  Monson,  &c.,  to  Palmer  [con- 
nections eastward  to  Worcester  and  Bostoh,  west- 
ward to  Springfield,  for  either  Hartford,  New  Haven 
and  New  Yoek,  or  Pittsfield,  Albany  and  Troy']. 
Palmer  to  Amherst,  where  the  peculiarly  splendid 
scenery  of  the  line,  embodying  the  bold  character- 
istics of  the  Green  Mountain  region  of  Vermont, 
may  be  said  properly  to  begin,  continuing  thence  all 
the  way  to  White  Eiver  Junction.  Amherst  to 


140 


SHOET-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Oroufs  Corners,  important  station.  [Connections^ 
eastward  to  Fitcliburg,  Groton  and  Boston  ; west- 
ward to  Greenfield,  North  Adams,  &c.,  and  to 
Albania  and  Troy.]  Grout^s  Corners,  by  South 
Vernon,  to 

Bkattleboko,  Vermont,  thriving  town  on  the 
Connecticut  Eiver,  with  some  manufactures,  a spe- 
cialty of  being  markedly  healthy  as  a residence,  and 
a jState  Lunatic  Asylum  bearing  a very  high  reputa- 
tian.  Brattleboro  to 

Belloms  Falls,  also  on  the  Connecticut  Eiver,  de- 
riving its  singular  name  from  an  ancient  peculiarity 
of  the  river  in  the  neighborhood.  [Connections 
northwest  to  Eutlandy  B^irlingtony  Lake  Champlain, 
&c. ; and  southeast  to  Keene,  Groton^  Bostok,  &c.} 
Bellows  Falls  by  Claremont  and  Windsor,  to 

White  River  Junction,  at  the  intersection  of  the 
White  Eiver  with  the  Connecticut,  important  place 
of  transfer  in  cross-travel.  [Connections,  west  to 
Rutland,  Whitehall,  Saratoga,  &c. ; northwest  to 
Montpelier,  Burlmgton,  Rouse^s  Point  and  Canada  ; 
east  to  Concord,  Salem,  Boston,  &c.]  White  Eiver 
Junction  to 

Wells  River.  [Northern  connections  to  Newport, 
Lahe  Memphremagog,  Quebec  or  Montreal,  as  in  last 
previous  route.] 

Wells  Eiver  io  Littleton;  thence  by  stage-coach 
as  before  noted,  to  the 

Pkofile  House. 


BO  UTE  NO.  l.-^NOBTHEBN  AND  EASTERN  141 


Division  C. 

AT  AKD  ABOUT  THE  PROFILE  HOUSE  (FRAHCOHIA 

hotch). 

Probably  no  section  of  mountain  scenery  in 
America,  of  like  extent,  presents  so  many  points  of 
interest  and  beauty  as  appear  in  the  Franconia 
Notch,  though  in  the  detail  of  absolute  grandeur  it 
can  by  no  means  claim  the  same  distinction. 
Taking  the  Profile  House  as  the  central  point,  the 
principal  objects  may  be  found  grouped  around  it 
within  very  brief  distance,  as  follows : 

Echo  Lahe,  lyiug  within  a few  hundreds  of  yards, 
embosomed  in  fine  woods,  under  the  brow  of  Eagle 
Cliffy  afibrding  fine  views  of  3IL  Lafayette^  charm- 
ing boating,  and  a repetition  of  echoes  (from  the 
Cliff),  scarcely  second  to  those  of  the  Eagle’s  Nest 
at  KOlarney.  The 

Cannon  ilountain,  at  the  base  of  which  the  Pro- 
file House  stands,  and  ascended  from  it,  with  mod- 
erate difficulty,  a magnificent  view  being  the  re- 
ward. On  the  top  of  the  mountain,  at  near  the  brow 
overhanging  the  valley,  some  rocks,  singularly  dis- 
posed, suggest  the  shape  of  a Cannon.^  mounted  on 
its  carriage,  whence  the  name;  and  the  extreme 
brow  of  the  mountain  itself  forms,  in  a peculiar  com- 
bination of  great  rocks,  the 

Old  Man  of  the  Mountain^  colossal  face,  sixty  feet 
in  height  from  chin  to  brow,  hanging  over  the  im- 
mense gulf,  and  perfect  in  every  detail  of  a majestic 


J43 


SHOBT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


human  face,  as  seen  from  the  road  at  some  distance 
below  the  Profile  (which  of  course  takes  its  name 
from  that  view).  Below  this,  which  is  undoubtedly 
the  most  striking  single  curiosity  of  all  the  range, 
lies  the  little  Profile  LaTce,  sometimes  called  the 
^^Old  Man’s  Bath,”  or  Washbowl,”  or  ‘^Mirror,” 
affording  a wonderful  reflection  of  the  stony  face  in 
calm  weather,  and  said  to  be  full  of  fine  trout.  A 
mile  below  the  Profile  is  to  be  reached  (ride  or 
walk),  the  Basin,  pool  of  remarkable  shape  and 
character,  and  Old  Man's  Foot,  lying  in  it  in  colos- 
sal stone.  Thence,  five  miles  further,  the  Flume 
House,  summer  resort,  now  disused;  and  near  it 

The  Flume,  only  second  to  the  Old  Man  of  the 
Mountain  as  a great  natural  curiosity,  being  an  im- 
mense fissure  or  split  in  the  solid  rock  of  the  moun- 
tain, varying  from  10  to  20  feet  in  width,  and  the 
walls  from  20  up  to  100  feet  in  height,  with  a small 
rapid  stream  brawling  over  rough  stones  below,  and 
a boarded  walk  up  the  gorge.  At  one  point,  a huge 
oval  stone,  of  many  tons  in  weight,  hangs  by  the 
two  points  midway  up  the  chasm ; and  at  another 
a dangerous  bridge  has  been  thrown  over,  at  the 
top,  by  the  falling  of  a tree.  At  no  great  distance 
from  the  Flume  lies 

The  Pool,  a literal  hole  in  the  rock,  of  great  depth 
and  singularity  of  appearance,  reached  by  a difficult 
climb  down  the  bank,  and  formerly  the  abode  of  a 
strange  madman  named  Merrill,  who  paddled  visi 
tors  round  it  in  a crazy  boat,  declared  it  the  ‘^-centra 


BO  UTE  NO.  l.-^NORTHEBN  AND  EASTERN.  143 

of  the  earth,”  and  exhibited  a letter  to  him  from 
Queen  Victoria,  dated  at  the  Kitchen  of  Bucking- 
ham Palace ! 

From  the  front  of  the  Flume  House  and  neigh- 
borhood is  to  be  seen  a natural  wonder  of  great 
prominence,  the 

■ Dead  Washington^  being  the  profile  face  and  form 
of  that  hero,  in  a recumbent  position  and  as  if 
shrouded,  lying  at  a length  of  miles,  the  shape  sup- 
plied by  the  shapes  and  position  of  several  moun- 
tains of  the  Haystack  group.  May  also  be  seen,  be- 
tween the  Profile  and  the  Flume,  at  some  distance 
from  the  road,  WalTce  fs  Falls,  a fine  cascade ; and 
two  miles  below  the  Flume,  Georgiana  Falls,  the 
largest  in  the  range. 

Of  Ascents  from  the  Profile,  besides  that  of  the 
Cannon,  the  principal  are  those  of 

Mount  Lafayette,  the  highest  peak  of  the  Franco- 
nia I^ange,  and  commanding  a fine  view,  with  only 
a limited  amount  of  toil  (horseback  or  foot) — and 
Bald  Mountain,  a lower  elevation,  but  still  with  fine 
view  (carriage). 

[From  the  Profile  House  to  Crawford  House, 
(carriage)  for  the  White  Eange  and  ascent  of  Mount 
Washington  from  that  direction,  with  descent  by 
rail  to  the  Glen  House;  or  to  Littleton,  Wells  Eiver 
and  White  Eiver  Junction,  for  pursuance  of  the 
route  to  Canada.] 


ROUTE  8 -NEAR  WESTERN. 


NEW  YORK,  BY  RAIL,  BY  THE  NEW  JERSEY  CITIES, 
TO  AND  AT  PHILADELPHIA. 

Division  A. 

NEW  YORK  TO  PHILADELPHIA,  BY  THE  PENNSYL- 
VANIA RAILROAD. 

Leave  New  York  by  the  Pennsylvania  Eailroad, 
by  ferry  from  foot  of  Cortlandt  street,  or  foot  of 
Desbrosses  street;  cross  the  Hudson  river,  to 

Jersey  City,  a large  and  thriving  town,  lying  in 
the  State  of  New  Jersey,  but  really  a suburb  and 
connection  of  New  York,  with  which  most  of  its 
more  important  business  interests  are  identified.  It 
is  growing  and  improving  rapidly,  is  laying  out  pub- 
lic grounds,  has  extensive  Water-Works,  and  enjoys 
the  specialty  of  the  Gunard  Docks  near  the  ferry, 
from  which  sail  all  the  steamers  of  that  popular  line. 
Hotels,  Taylor^ s,  American^  FisTds^  &c.  From  Jer- 
sey City,  by  rail,  across  flat  and  uninteresting  j 
country,  to 

Newark,  on  the  Passaic  River,  now  largest  city 
in  the  State,  and  one  of  the  handsomest,  as  well  as  j 
most  important  in  point  of  manufactures,  especially  | 
of  leather,  carriages  and  fancy  work.  [Reached  by  | 
steamboat  and  other  water-conveyance  from  New  | 


BOUTS  NO.  n.—NEAE  WESTEEK  145 

York.  Also  reached  from  New  York  by  train  on 
the  Newark  and  New  York  road,  from  foot  of 
Liberty  street ; and  (northern  portion)  by  the  Mor- 
ris and  Essex  road,  from  foot  Barclay  street.]  It  is 
regularly  laid  out;  has  two  handsome  parks,  many 
charming  drives  in  the  neighborhood ; a great  num- 
ber and  variety  of  the  residences  of  the  wealthy  on 
Broad  and  other  principal  streets ; some  public 
buildings  worthy  of  attention  (including  the  Post 
Office^  City  Hall,  County  Court  House  and  several 
of  the  many  churches) ; and  is  famed  for  the  excep- 
tional beauty  of  its  female  population,  as  seen,  on 
promenade  or  elsewhere.  Hotel : the  Newark  House. 
Prom  Newark  visit  may  be  paid  to  Orange,  very 
beautiful  village,  lying  near,  at  the  north;  to  the 
Orange  Mountains  ; to  the  popular  place  of  resort, 
Llewellyn  Park,  &c.  Or,  they  may  be  reached  di- 
rectly from  New  York  by  the  Morris  and  Essex 
road,  foot  of  Barclay  street.]  Newark  to 
Elizabeth,  smaller  town  somewhat  resembling 
Newark  in  appearance  and  general  characteristics, 
though,  less  notable  in  manufactures  and  possibly  ex- 
celling the  other  in  the  finished  beauty  of  some  of 
its  suburban  grounds  and  wealthy  residences.  Has 
i the  specialty  of  being  passed  through,  daily,  by 
; more  railway  trains  than  almost  any  other  town  in 
I America,  two  great  lines  intersecting  in  it,  and  an 
immense  coal-trade  from  Eastern  Pennsylvania 
passing  through  it  to  its  adjoining  town  and  the 
^principal  entrepot  and  shipping-port  of  that  article, 


146 


SnOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


Elizabetliport.  Kivals  Newark  in  female  beauty,  in 
fasliion  and  the  wealth  of  residents.  [Also  reached 
from  New  York  by  the  New  Jersey  Central  road, 
foot  of  Liberty  street.]  Elizabeth  to 

Ralitoay,  handsome  village,  also  much  affected  as 
a residence  of  citizens,  and  with  specialty  of  con- 
siderable manufactures,  for  the  Southern  and  other 
markets.  Rahway  to 

New  Brunswick,  one  of  the  oldest  towns  in  the 
State,  though  inferior  in  size  to  several  others.  It 
is  pleasantly  situated  on  the  Raritan  River,  has  a 
considerable  amount  of  manufactures,  and  is  the 
point  of  entrance  into  the  Raritan  River  and  Bay  of 
the  same  name  (Lower  New  York  Bay),  of  the  Dela- 
ware  and  Raritan  Canals  from  the  Delaware  River 
at  Bordentown.  Its  principal  celebrity,  however, 
lies  in  its  being  the  seat  of  Rutgers  College,  and  the 
Theological  Seminary  of  the  Reformed  Dutch 
Church,  both  old  and  influential  institutions,  hold- 
ing excellent  rank.  Among  the  buildings  best  worth 
notice,  are  those  of  the  College,  on  an  elevated 
square,  wdthin  view  from  the  railway;  the  Theo- 
logical Hall ; the  County  Buildings,  in  the  public 
square ; and  several  churches  of  prominence.  Many 
fine  drives  are  to  be  enjoyed  by  those  making  stay, 
into  the  handsome  and  well-cultivated  country  in 
the  neighborhood,  to  Bound  Broolc,  &c.  Leading 
Hotels,  the  Railroad,  Bulls  Head,  &c. 

Beyond  New  Brunswick,  the  railw^ay  is  accom- 
panied for  much  of  the  distance  by  the  Delaware 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.—NEAR  WESTERN 


147 


and  Karitan  Canal.  At  Monmouth  Junction  inter- 
section is  made  for  Freehold,  the  Battle  Ground  of 
Monmouth,  and  south-eastern  portions  of  the  State. 
Next  stopping  place  of  importance, 

Pkincetois' — Station,  the  town  lying  away  at  the 
right,  though  in  sight,  and  steam  connection  in  wait- 
ing. Princeton  is  another  of  the  old  and  import- 
ant towns  of  the  State,  with  a peculiar  status  in  Rev- 
olutionary history  as  having  been  the  scene  of  one  of 
Washington's  most  memorable  conflicts,  of  which  the 
field  extends  from  the  town  itself  to  what  is  called 
the  Battle  Ground,^^  more  than  a mile  distant.  Its 
more  marked  celebrity,  however,  lies  in  its  being  the 
seat  of  the  College  of  Neio  Jersey  (called  alternately, 

Princeton  College,’^  and  often,  from  one  of  the 
oldest  buildings,  Nassau  Hall.’^)  It  is  also  the  seat 
of  the  Theological  Seminary  of  the  Presbyterian  de- 
nomination, in  connection  with  the  College,  which 
has  long  enjoyed  a very  high  reputation,  and  which 
is  now  presided  over  by  the  celebrated  Scotch  di- 
vine, Dr.  McCosh,  late  of  Queen’s  College,  Belfast. 
The  grounds  of  the  College  (like  many  of  those  of 
the  town)  are  very  handsome.  Peale’s  Washing- 
ton,” in  the  College  library,  is  a picture  of  merit  and 
historical  interest.  To  the  College  has  also  lately 
been  added  an  Astronomical  Olservatory,  with  fine 
instruments. 

Beyond  Princeton  is  soon  reached 

TRENTOiq',  capital  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey, 
lying  on  the  left  or  east  bank  of  the  Delaware  river, 


3148 


8E0BT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


and  famous  as  the  scene  of  Washington’s  Crossing 
the  Delaware/’  Dec.,  1776.  It  is  a thriving  manu- 
facturing town,  especially  preeminent  in  iron  works ; 
and  has  very  costly  constructions  connected  with 
the  passage  through  the  town  of  the  Delaware  and 
Raritan  Canal.  [Railroad  connection,  north,  for 
Belvidert,  Easton,  and  the  Upper  Delaware  and 
Pennsylvania  Coal-Regions ; and  south  to  Borden^^ 
town,  and  by  that  route  to  Philadelphia.]  The 
principal  erections  of  prominence  are  the  State 
House,  modern  and  very  handsome  (with  valuable 
Revolutionary  memorials  in  the  Library) ; the  State 
Lunatie  Asylum,  Arsenal,  Penitentiary,  and  some 
of  the  County  huildings.  The  views  over  the  Dela- 
ware and  the  Pennsylvania  shore  opposite,  from 
some  portions  of  the  town,  are  very  fine  and  memor- 
able. Prominent  hotels,  the  American  and  Trenton. 

[Optional  route  may  be  taken,  at  Trenton,  by 
rail,  down  the  Delaware  River  to  Bordentown  and 
Camden,  thence  to  Philadelphia  by  ferry.  See 
Division  B.  of  this  route.] 

At  Trenton  the  Delaware  River  is  crossed,  by- 
bridge,  to  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  by 

Bristol,  handsome  and  thriving  village  of  that 
State,  and  by  Franhford  (with  a United  States 
Arsenal)  ioGermantown  o.ni}i  West  Philadelphia,  jyoint 
of  debarkation  for 
Philadelphia. 


ROUTE  NO.  B.--NEAR  WESTERN 


149 


Division  B. 

NEW  YORK  TO  PHILADELPHIA,  BY  CAMDEN  AND 
AMBOY  ROUTE. 

Leave  New  York  by  Pennsylvania  Eailroad,  from 
foot  of  Oortlandt  street,  or  foot  Desbrosses  street,  as 
by  Division  A,  of  this  route  ; by  Jersey  City^ 
Newarlcy  and  Elizaleth,  to  Rahway.  (See  Division 
A.)  Thence  diverging  to 

Woodbridge,  handsome  village  on  the  creek  of  the 
same  name,  emptying  into  Staten  Island  Sound; 
thence  to 

Perth  Amboy,  old  but  decayed  seaport,  once  ex- 
pected to  become  the  rival  of  New  York,  especially 
in  the  India  and  tea  trade,  and  with  the  noted 
Thomas  H.  Smith  tea  warehouses  still  standing. 
From  Perth  Amboy  by  ferry  (or  bridge),  to 
South  Amboy,  former  place  of  debarkation  from 
the  New  York  steamers  of  the  Camden  and  Amboy 
boat  line.  [Prom  South  Amboy,  all-rail  route 
to  Keyport,  Middletown  and  Long  Branch,  of  the 
Central  Railroad  of  New  Jersey.]  From  South 
Amboy  continue  by  rail  to 
Jamesburg,  thriving  small  town,  with  State  Reform 
School  for  Boys.  [Connection  southward  to  Freehold, 
thence  to  Long  Branch  and  the  south-east ; and 
northward  to  Pennsylvania  Railroad  at  Monmouth 
Junction,  for  Newark,  Trenton,  &c.]  Thence  to 


150  8E0BTTB1P  GUIDE, 

Granlerry,  HigJitstown  [connection  to  Pemberton 
and  southwest]  and 

Boedentowk,  handsome  large  village  on  the 
Delaware,  and  point  of  entrance  into  that  river  of 
the  Delaware  and  Earitan  Canal ; famous  as  having 
long  been  the  residence  (at  Point  Breeze — grounds 
to  the  right)  of  Joseph  Bonaparte,  ex-king  of  Spain. 
[Connection  by  boat  down  the  Delaware  to  Phila- 
delphia ; by  rail  to  Trenton,  &c. J Bordentown  to 

Buelikgtoh,  also  lying  on  the  Delaware,  and 
considered  one  of  the  handsomest  towns  in  the 
State.  It  is  the  seat  of  Burlington  College  (Episco- 
pal), and  of  several  notable  male  and  female  schools. 
[Connection  by  boat  to  Philadelphia  and  Borden- 
town ; by  rail  to  Mount  Holly  and  other  towns  in  the 
interior  of  the  State.]  Burlington  by  Beverley  and 
other  minor  places,  to 

Camden,  on  the  Delaware,  opposite  Philadelphia. 
Thriving  town,  with  much  agricultural  and  some 
manufacturing  industry,  and  residence  of  many 
Philadelphians.  [Connection  by  West  Jersey  Eail- 
road  southward  to  Bridgeton*,  south-eastward  to 
Millville  and  Cape  May,  favorite  sea-coast  resort 
at  the  Capes  of  the  Delaware  ; eastward  by  the 
Camden  and  Atlantic  to  Atlantic  City,  another 
favorite  watering  place  on  the  New  Jersey  coast  of 
the  Atlantic;  and  by  Pemb.  and  Hightstown  road  to 
the  New  Jersey  Southern,  Long  Branch  and  New 
York].  Ferry  across  the  DelawasTe  to 

Philadelphia. 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.—NEAR  WESTERN. 


150a 


Division  C. 

XEW  YORK  TO  PHILADELPHIA,  BY  THE  “NEW 

line” — (n.  j.  central,  bound  brook, 

AND  NORTH  PENN.) 

Leave  New  York  by  tlie  New  Jersey  Central  Rail- 
road, by  boat  from  foot  of  Liberty  street,  to  Long- 
Dock,  Communipaw.  By  cars  of  the  New  Jersey 
Central  Road  (see  Route  13,  pp.  206  and  207),  to 
Elizabeth,  Westfield,  Plainfield  (with  Washington’s 
Rock  near),  and  intermediate  stations,  to 

Bound  Broolc,  a village  of  some  prominence  on  the 
Raritan  River,  a few  miles  above  New  Brunswick,  to 
which  there  is  stage  communication  from  it,  and 
also  to  Basking  Ridge,  beyond.  Within  two  miles 
is  “Chimney  Rock,”  a somewhat  celebrated  land- 
mark of  the  neighborhood;  and  near  Bound  Brook 
was  fought  a battle  between  the  British  and  Amer- 
icans, with  defeat  of  the  latter,  in  1777;  as  also  the 
American  Army  encamped  a few  miles  to  the  north- 
west, in  the  winter  of  1778-9. 

At  Bound  Brook  the  line  is  continued,  taking  the 
rail  of  the  Delaware  and  Bound  Brook  road  (though 
with  no  change  of  cars — the  whole  line  being  run 
under  one  management) ; within  a short  distance  of 
Princeton  (see  Route  8,  p.  147),  to  which  present 
stage-connection,  with  branch-rail  to  follow ; by 
Hopewell  (branch  rail  to  Trenton),  to 

Yardleyville,  on  the  Delaware,  where  that  river  is 
crossed,  on  a new  and  magnificent  iron  bridge — the 
crossing  affording  fine  view  of  the  river  and  sur- 
roundings. (From  Yardleyville  to  Trenton,  con- 


150& 


SBOBT-miP  GUIDK 


nection  by  the  Belviclere  Delaw 've  Eailroacb)  From 
Yardleyville,  through  Bucks  County,  Pa.,  by  New- 
town, to  junction  with  the  Main  Line  of  the  North 
Pennsylvania  Eailroad,  at 

JenJcintown.  From  Jenkintown,  by  the  North 
Penn,  road,  direct  to  Philadelphia. 

[The  North  Pennsylvania  Eailroad,  with  which 
connection  is  here  formed,  as  above  noted,  at  Jen- 
kintown, supplies  one  of  the  great  trunk  lines  of 
Pennsylvania,  forming  a favorite  and  most  available 
route  to  the  North,  Niagara  Falls,  the  Lakes,  etc. 
By  this  line,  for  the  North,  from  Philadelphia,  by 
Abington,  Lahsdale  (connection  to  Doylestown  and 
Norristown),  to 

Bethlehem,  important  town  on  the  Susquehanna 
Eiver  (connection  to  Easton,  etc.,  and  the  East). 
Thence  by  Lehigh  Valley  Eailroad,  through  one  of 
the  most  picturesque  portions  of  Pennsylvania,  along 
the  Valley  of  the  Lehigh,  by  Allentown  (connection 
to  New  York  and  the  East,  by  the  ‘^Allentown 
Line” — see  Eoute  13);  by  Mauch  ChunJc;  the  Switch 
Back;  Glen  Onoko,  etc.,  to 

WiLKESBAKRE,  important  town  and  one  of  the  great 
centres  of  the  ^coal-region,  lying  on  the  Susquehanna 
Eiver.  (Harvey’s  Lake  and  the  beautiful  valley  of 
Wyoming  may  be  reached  in  a few  miles  drive). 
From  Wilkesbarre,  by  the  same  road,  to  Waverley 
or  Elmira,  on  the  Erie  road;  and  by  the  Lake  Dis- 
tricts (Geneva,  Cayuga,  Seneca,  etc.),  to  Niagara, 
the  great  Lakes,  Canada,  etc.] 


ROUTE  NO.  %.^NEAR  WESTERN.  151  * 
Division  D. 

AT  AND  ABOUT  PHILADELPHIA,  WITH  EXCUB- 
SIOXS. 

Philadelphia,  most  important  city  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, second  in  the  Union  in  point  of  population, 
largest  of  all  in  the  extent  of  ground  comprised 
within  city  limits,  and  dividing  with  Boston  the 
claim  of  being  the  most  influential  after  the  com- 
mercial metropolis — lies  on  the  Delaware  Eiver,  at 
about  one  hundred  miles  from  its  mouth  at  Dela- 
ware Bay,  and  above  and  very  near  the  debouchure 
into  that  river  of  the  Schuylkill,  the  latter  stream 
running  through  the  city  at  its  western  extremity 
and  adding  materially  to  the  beauty  and  healthful- 
ness of  location.  It  is  well  known  to  have  been 
founded  by  William  Penn,  the  Quaker,  and  to  be 
the  headquarters  of  his  denomination  (whence  its 
soiidriquet^  the  Quaker  City  ; and  it  enjoys,  in 
addition,  the  distinction  of  being  the  most  regu- 
larly built  city  on  the  continent  if  not  in  the  world, 
the  mass  of  its  streets  lying  at  right  angles  and 
giving  it  an  appearance  of  primness  alternately 
counted  a charm  and  a blemish.  From  this  latter 
feature,  combined  with  all  the  streets  running  par- 
allel with  the  Delaware  being  numbered,  from  one 
upward — ^and  the  space  between  each  of  these 
|.streets,  on  the  intersecting  ones,  numbered  as  one 
! hundred,  in  supplying  street-numbers — ^less  diffi- 
I 3ulty  is  involved,  in  the  stranger  finding  his  way 


152 


SnOIiT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


tlirougli  and  about  it,  tlian  througli  any  oilier  city 
in  the  world,  of  corresponding  size.  Still  addition- 
ally it  should  be  noted  that  the  street-car  system  is 
wonderfully  complete  and  perfect,  routes  crossing 
each  other  at  short  distances,  and  a system  of 
transfers  from  one  route  to  another  making 
transit  much  easier  and  cheaper  than  it  could  other- 
wise be  found.  Carriage-hire,  cheaper  than  in  New 
York,  though  high;  not  differing  materially  from 
the  same  detail  at  Boston. 

Philadelphia  has  many  notable  Streets,  of  which 
the  characteristics  are  worth  study,  for  their  indi- 
vidual and  collective  character.  First  among  these 
is  Chestnut  Street,  at  once  business  and  fashionable, 
on  which  are  located  some  of  the  best  hotels,  and 
which  has  by  far  the  handsomest  display  of  shop- 
fronts on  the  continent.  Next  to  this,  perhaps,  is 
Marhet  Street,  wide  thoroughfare,  dividing  the 
cross-streets  into  North and  ^"South,’^  and  dis- 
playing much  railway  traffic  and  other  heavy  trade. 
Arch  and  Walnut  are  also  both  business  streets  of 
importance.  The  Exchange  stands  in  Dock  Street, 
between  Walnut  and  Spruce;  and  much  of  the 
commercial  and  financial  force  of  the  city  is  to  be 
found  in  that  neighborhood,  and  near  the  Delaware, 
between  Shippen  Street,  on  the  South,  and  Vine 
Street,  on  the  North,  and  Front  Street  to  Sixth 
Street,  in  the  cross  direction.  Fourteenth  Street  is 
ordinarily  called  Broad  Street,  and  has  much  fash- 
ion and  many  prominent  buildings.  Ridge  and 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.—NEAR  WESTERN  ' 


153 


Girard  Avenues  hold  position  as  places  of  fashion- 
able residence,  and  drives  leading  to  Girard  College, 
Fairinount  Park,  etc. 

Of  Public  Buildings  there  are  many  of  import- 
ance and  interest.  The  first  place  is  held,  histori- 
cally, by  hidependencG  Hall,  Chestnut  street,  nota- 
ble as  having  been  the  place  of  signing  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence  from  Great  Britain, 
Fourth  of  July,  1776.  Some  historical  pictures  of 
value,  statues,  and  many  relics  are  preserved  there ; 
and  among  others  the  Liberty  Bell,’^  rung  at  the 
time  of  the  Declaration,  and  bearing  the  strangely 
appropriate  inscription:  Proclaim  liberty  through- 
out the  land  to  all  the  inhabitants  thereof.’^  (Admis- 
sion to  the  Hall,  every  day,  9 to  2).  The  building 
and  wings  are  now  used  as  public  offices.  A re- 
cently erected  statue  of  Washington  fronts  the  main 
entrance.  Next  of  the  public  buildings  in  import- 
ance, is  Girard  College,  on  Kidge  Avenue,  some  two 
miles  from  the  city  centre — the  several  buildings 
modern  and  of  fine  architecture,  and  the  grounds 
handsome,  but  its  principal  celebrity  (it  has  very 
little  as  an  educational  institution)  lying  in  the 
strange  will  and  bequest  of  Stephen  Girard,  the 
merchant,  which  founded  it,  and  which  among  other 
odd  features,  allows  no  clergyman  to  enter  it  even 
on  a visit.  Next  in  importance  is  the  United  States 
Mint,  Chestnut  street,  with  very  perfect  and  inter- 
esting processes  and  a splendid  collection  of  coins 
^ (admission  daily,  9 to  12).  Besides  these,  there  are 


154 


SEOBT-TPdP  GUIDE. 


the  CiLstM  House  (formerly  the  United  States 
Bank),  Chestnut  street;  the  Exchange,  Dock  street; 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  Ninth  street  near 
Chestnut;  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Tenth  street 
near  Chestnut;  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital,  Pine 
street;  Pennsylvania  Insane  Asylum, Phila- 
delphia (y/ith  West’s  great  picture  of  Christ  Heal- 
ing the  Sick’’);  U.  S.  Marine  Hospital,  near  the 
Nayy  Yard;  the  Franklin  Atheneum,  and  otlier 
library  and  literary  buildings ; Pennsylvania  Acad- 
emy  of  Fine  Arts  (with  many  good  pictures : open 
daily),  Chestnut  street ; Eastern  Penitentiary, 
Coates  street,  near  Girard  College;  U^iion  League 
Club  House,  Broad  street ; Masonic  Temple,  Broad 
street;  Ledger  Building,  Sixth  and  Chestnut;  and 
many  Banks,  Insurance  Buildings,  Kailway  Offices 
and  Dwellings,  of  much  costly  beauty.  The  office- 
erections  of  the  Pennsylvania  and  Reading  Rail- 
roads, on  Fourth  street,  are  especially  notable,  as 
well  as  the  freight  and  market  buildings  of  those 
roads  on  Market  street.  Among  the  noblest  of  the 
other  buildings  named,  are  LippincoHs  great  Book- 
House,  Market  street ; the  Mutual  Life  Insurance 
Building,  Chestnut  street ; Farmers^  Market,  Mar- 
ket street;  Qirard  Bank,  Third  street;  Fidelity 
Deposit  building.  Provident  Life  building,  Penn- 
sylvania Life  building,  Bank  of  the  Republic,  Old 
Masonic  Temple,  &c.,  all  on  Chestnut  street;  West- 
ern Saving  Fund,  Tenth  and  Walnut,  &c. 

In  xintiquities  Philadelphia  possesses,  besides  In- 


ROUTE  NO.  ^.-NEAR  WESTERN. 


155 


dependence  Hall  (already  mentioned),  Carpenter' s 
Hall,  Chestnut  street,  used  for  the  first  assembling 
of  the  Colonial  Congress ; Ilultzheimefs,  where  i 
Jefierson  wrote  the  Declaration,  cor.  Market  and 
Seventh  streets;  the  Grave  of  FranTclin.,  cor.  Arch 
and  Fifth  streets;  Indian  Queen  Hotels  once  resi- 
dence of  Jefferson,  cor.  Market  and  Front  streets  ; 
Penn  Cottage,  Letitia  street,  near  Second;  Pen7i 
Treaty  Monument,  Beach  street,  Kensington ; Old 
Stuedes-  Clmrcli,  Swanson  street;  London  Coffee 
House,  Front  and  Market  streets  ; Birth-place  of 
the  Flag,  239  Arch  street;  the  Old  Penn  House, 
near  Fairmount ; Old  Belmont  Mansion,  near  Fair- 
mount  ; part  of  Pemi^s  Ehn  Tree,  in  collection  of 
Historical  Library  Association ; and  others  of  minor 
importance. 

Of  Public  Grounds  Philadelphia  has  more  than 
the  average  in  both  variety  and  beauty.  Faie- 
MOUKT  Paek,  on  the  Schuylkill  (in  connection  with 
the  long'Celebrated  Fairmount  Water-  Worlcs),  is 
one  of  the  largest  parks  in  the  world  (containing 
over  three  thousand  acres),  with  the  Schuylkill,  a 
noble  and  navigable  river,  running  through  it,  and 
the  upper  portion  containing  the  Wissahickon,  a 
smaller  river  tributary  to  the  Schuylkill,  admitted 
on  all  hands  to  be  singularly  lovely  in  w^ood  and 
water  effects.  Though  this  Park  has  been  but  a_ 
few  years  in  course  of  construction,  it  has  already 
assumed  magnificent  proportions,  even  as  compared 
with  the  great  parks  of  the  Old  "World;  and  it  was 


166 


8H0BT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


within  this  Park,  in  the  broad  grounds  lying  east- 
ward of  George’s  Hill,  one  of  the  highest  emi- 
nences of  the  whole,  that  the  Centennial  Exhibi- 
tion, in  honor  of  the  one  hundred  years  of  Ameri- 
can Independence  was  held,  from  the  lOth  of  May 
to  the  loth  of  November,  1876,  in  a range  of  the 
largest  buildings  yet  erected  by  any  of  the  nations 
for  similar  purposes.  And  here,  in  the  Main  Exhi- 
bition Building  (still  preserved,  with  Horticultural 
Hall,  the  Art  Gallery,  St.  George’s  Hall,  &0.), — tho 
Permanent  Exhibition  commenced  with  May  lOtb, 
1877,  after  the  worthy  pattern  of  that  at  the  Syden- 
ham Crystal  Palace.  Many  of  the  Bridges  are  nota- 
ble for  beauty  as  well  as  strength,  and  must  form  a 
feature  in  the  future  celebrity  of  the  Park.  The  Sus- 
pension Bridge,  at  the  "Water-Works,,  was  built  by 
Col.  Ellett,  the  constructor  of  the  Niagara  Suspeii- 
■ sion  Bridge,  and  afforded  a model  for  the  latter.  The 
new  Grand  avenue  bridge  drive  over  the  Schuylkill, 
between  the  East  and  West  Parks,  though  a level 
erection,  is  very  graceful,  and  the  widest  in  the 
world.  Near  it,  the  New  York  Eailroad  Bridge 
contrasts  well  with  its  rival,  though  entirely  differ- 
ent in  character,  combining  round  end-arches  with 
one  wide  flat  trussed  centre  ; and  the  minor  erections 
of  the  same  character  display  taste  blended  with 
' solidity.  Of  art  in  its  more  ordinary  sense,  the  two 
most  prominent  objects,  thus  far,  are  the  elegant 
monument  to  Frederick  Graff,  first  engineer  of  the 
Water- Works,  near  the  works  themselves,  and  a 
bronze  sitting  statue  of  President  Lincoln,  within 


ROUTE  NO.  ^-NEAR  WESTERN. 


157 


the  lower  entrance,  near  the  Wire  Bridge.  There 
are  also  some  line  fountains. 

The  grounds  purchased  for  the  Park  contained 
many  old  houses,  some  of  them  of  much  interest; 
and  the  best  of  these  have  been  judiciously  preserv- 
ed. Among  the  most  notable  is  the  house  once 
belonging  to  John  Penn,  grandson  of  William,  and 
owned  by  descendants  until  the  present  purchase. 
On  a part  of  the  same  property  stand  the  Lans- 
downe  Pines — two  trees  of  great  size,  age  and 
grandeur  of  appearance.  Even  more  interesting 
than  the  Penn  house  is  the  Belmont  Mansion,  also 
preserved — dating  back  to  1745 — the  home  of  Eicli- 
ard  Peters,  an  eminent  jurist,  Member  of  Congress, 
and  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  War  during  the 
Bevolution,  who  entertained  under  its  roof,  Wash- 
ington, Lafayette,  Jelferson,  Eobert  Morris,  Eitten- 
house,  and  many  others  of  the  Ee volutionary 
worthies,  while  Talleyrand,  Louis  Philippe  and 
Tom  Moore  are  known  to  have  visited  it.  The 
view  from  the  front  of  this  line  old  house  (now  a 
restaurant)  is  almost  matchless  in  varied  beauty, 
over  the  Schuylkill,  the  city.  &c.;  though  that 
from  George^s  Hill,  the  highest  point  of  the  grounds, 
is  necessarily  much  more  extensive,  reaching  to  and 
beyond  the  Delaware  at  League  Island.  The  upper 
portion  of  the  Park,  as  already  noted,  includes  not 
only  the  fine  scenery  of  that  part  of  the  Schuylkill, 
but  also  that  of  the  Wissahickon;  and  partially 
within  it  lies  the  scene  of  the  unfortunate  battle 


158  EUOBTTBIP  GUIBB. 

of  Germantown,  whioli  lost  Philadelpliia  to  the 
Americans  in  1777.  Of  no  secondary  importance, 
in  connection  with  the  Park  and  the  Permanenu 
Exhibition,  are  the  very  interesting  Zoological  Gar- 
dens, at  the  east  end,  near  the  Schuylkill,  with  Lion 
House,  Aviary,  Bear-Pits,  Monkey  House,  &c. 

Fail-mount  Park,  the  Permanent  Exhibition,  or 
the  Fairmount  Water-Works,  may  be  reached  from 
the  centre  of  the  city  by  an  immense  number  of 
street  car  lines,  and  other  conveyances,  easily  dis- 
covered by  the  visitor,  from  the  placards  announcing 
the  special  point  of  their  destination.  By  the  Penn- 
sylvania Eailroad,  from  New  York  and  the  Bast,  or 
from  the  West  (principal  depot  at  Thirty-first  and 
Market  Sts.,  with  supplemental  station  in  front  of 
the  Centennial  Grounds), —or  by  the  New  York  and 
Philadelphia  New  Line  (depot  at  Third  and  Berks 
Sts.,  with  horse-car  connection), — access  to  all  the 
grounds  of  interest  is  very  direct  and  easy;  and 
quite  the  same  may  be  said  of  the  facilities  for  reach- 
ing them  by  the  New  Jersey  Southern  Railroad  fiom 
New  York  and  the  New  Jersey  coast,  the  connec- 
tions from  that  road,  at  the  Market  St.  ferry,  being 
direct  by  the  Market  Street  line  of  cars,  now  ope- 
rated by  steam,  and  supplying  “ rapid  transit”  m 
the  place  of  the  slow  and  tedious. 

The  Fail-mount  Water-Works  themselves  demand 
attention,  as  among  the  best  of  their  class  ; the 
views  over  the  Schuylkill  from  the  raised  promenade 


ROUTE  NO,  S,—NEAE  WESTERN. 


159 


are  notably  fine ; and  the  Suspensioii  Bridge^  al- 
ready mentioned,  slionld  not  be  OYerlooked  in  ob- 
servation of  its  rivals.  (Other  bridges  of  interest 
are  the  Iron  Bridge,  over  the  Schuylkill  at  Chest- 
nut street;  the  Market  Street  Bridge,  of  wood,  lately 
rebuilt,  &c.)  (There  are  also  other  "Water-Works  : 
tlie  Delaware,  on  the  river,  foot  of  Wood  street,  and 
the  Western,  with  a beautiful  tower,  opposite  Fair- 
mount.)  Of  the  other  public  grounds  of  the  city, 
the  most  interesting  are  Independence  SqnarCy  rear 
of  Independence  Hall ; Washington  Square,  near  it ; 
Logan  Square  (largest  of  the  old),  Eighteenth 
street;  FranJelin  Square,  Eace  and  Sixth  streets; 
Penn  Square,  Broad  and  Market  streets ; Jefferson 
mA  Rittenliouse  Squares;  and  Hunting  Park  (old 
race-course)  on  the  York  road. 

Among  the  most  notable  of  Philadelphia  Churches, 
are  the  Cathedral  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul  (Catho- 
lic), Logan  Square,  with  a noble  dome,  an  admired 
altar-piece,  and  some  good  paintings;  St.  Marlds 
(Epis.),  Locust  street,  with  tower  and  spire  of  pecu- 
liar beauty ; St.  Pauls  (Epis.),  Third  street ; Christ 
Church  (old).  Second  street,  with  tall  steeple,  fine 
chime  of  bells,  and  communion  service  of  the  time 
of  Queen  Anne ; 'Church  of  the  Incarnation,  Broad 
street;  Baptist, 'Qrooidi  street;  Calvary  (Pres.)?  Lo- 
cust street;  St.  Stephen's  (Epis.),  Fourth  street; 
St.  Peter^s  (old).  Pine  street;  St.  Andrew^ s.  Eighth 
street;  &c.,  and  (as  curiosities,  though  eschewing 
any  attempt  at  architecture)  many  of  the  Friends^ 


160 


SEOBT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


or  QuaTcer  Meeting  Houses,  of  wliicli  tlie  city  lias  a 
remarkable  number  and  variety. 

Of  Libraries,  there  are  a large  number,  though  the 
aggregate  of  volumes  embraced  in  all  does  not  reach 
far  beyond  a quarter  million.  Among  them  are  the 
FranMin  (sometimes  called  the  “Philadelphia”), 
South  Fifth  near  Chestnut  street;  the  Atheneum, 
Sixth  street ; the  Mercantile ; the  Aggrentices , 
Friends',  Lato  Association,  &c. ; besides  those  con- 
nected with  those  prominent  institutions,  the  His- 
torical Society,  Sixth  and  Adelphi  streets  (antiqui- 
ties and  curiosities);  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences, 
Broad  street;  the  Franklin  Institute,  Seventh 
street,  &c.  The  principal  Art  Gallery  is  the  Penn- 
sylvania Academy  of  Fine  Arts,  Chestnut  street, 
containing  among  other  prominent  pictures.  West  s 
“Death  on  the  Pale  Horse,”  Allston’s  “Raising 
of  Lazarus,”  and  others  of  merit  by  Stuart,  Sully, 
Leslie  and  others.  The  principal  Market,  and  one 
of  the  best-arranged  and  most  luxuriously-supplied 
in  America,  is  located  on  Market  street,  in  the  lower 
part  of  the  city,  and  will  well  repay  a visit,  for  ob- 
servance of  the  varied  productions  of  the  surround- 
ing country. 

Principal  Places  of  Amusement:  the  American 
Academy  of  Music,  Broad  street,  the  handsomest 
and  one  of  the  largest  musical  houses  in  the  United 
States;  Arch  Street  Theatre,  street  of  the  same 
name  ; Chestnut  Street,  street  of  that  name;  Walmit 
Street,  street  of  same  name;  Fox's,  Chestnut  street; 


nOUTE  NO.  ^.—NEAR  WESTERN 


IGl 


Simmons  and  Slocum’s  Opera  House  (Efcuiopian), 
Arch  street;  Eleventh  Street  Opera  House  (Ethio- 
pian), Eleyentli  street;  American  Museum^  Isintli, 
and  Arch  streets ; Musical  Fund^IIall,  Locust  street? 
&c.  Leading  Hotels : the  Continental^  Chestnut 
street;  La  Pierre  House, street;  Colonnade, 
Chestnut  street;  Girard  House,  Chesmut  street; 
American,  street;  St.  Cloicd,  Axch.  street; 

Washington,  Chestnut  street;  Merchants^,  Fourth 
street ; Trans- Continental  and  others,  at  the  Exposi- 
tion Grounds,  &c. 

For  the  additional  convenience  of  the  many  tour- 
ists who  have  not  familiarized  themselves  with  the 
''  Quaker  City,”  the  following  resumes  and  extensions 
are  given,  of  location  of  principal  places  of  interest, 
places  of  amusement,  and  railroad  depots,  with  brief 
directions  for  reaching  them. 

Pkincipal  Places  of  Interest,  and  Eoutes. 

Fairmoiint  Parle  and  Centennial  Grounds. — [Nearly  all 
leadinn:  lines  of  street-cars,  and  other  conveyances.  See 
local  directions.] 

Independenx^  Hall — Place  of  signing  the  “Declaration 
of  Independence,”  Chestnut  street,  south  side,  between 
Fifth  and  Sixth.  Near  lower  hotels,  and  reached  from 
upper  by  cars  on  Chestnut  street.  Admission  free  at  or- 
dinary times,  9 A.M.  to  2 P.M.,  and  was  naturally  a place  of 
great  evening  resort  during  the  Centennial.  Entrance  to 
steeple  granted  on  application  to  the  Superintendent  in  the 
Hall. 

Gaij)enter's  Hall. — Place  of  original  meeting  of  Continen- 
tal Congress.  Chestnut  street,  south  side  (rear),  between 
Fourth  and  Fifth.  Near  Independence  Hall,  and  reached 
in  same  manner. 

Grave  of  Franklin. — Plain  horizontal  slab,  covering  Ben- 
jamin Franklin  and  his  wife,  in  graveyard  of  Christ  Church. 
South-east  corner  Fifth  and  Arch  streets.  Very  near  both 
of  the  former  \ and  not  far  from  leading  hotels. 


161a 


SHOBT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


PenrCa  CoUage.— Once  the  residence  of  William  Penn. 
Letitia  street,  between  Front  and  Second,  near  Market. 
Close  to  the  Delaware  River. 

Penn  Treaty  Monument.— ^lie  of  the  great  elm  tree  under 
which  William  Penn  made  his  treaty  with  the  Indians. 
Small  obelisk,  with  inscription.  Beach  street,  above  Han- 
over,  Kensington.  Beached  by  street-cars  marked  “ Rich- 
mond.” 

Indian  Queen  Hotel. — Once  residence  of  JeSerson.  Cor- 
ner Market  and  Front  streets. 

London  Coffee-House. — Existing  as  a coffee-house,  by  that 
name,  before  the  Revolution.  South-west  corner  Front  and 
Market  streets,  near  the  Delaware. 

Old  Suedes'  Church. — Built  1700.  Swanson  street,  below 
Christian  street.  Reached  by  Second  street  cars. 

Birth  place  of  the  American  Flag. — Place  where  the  first 
stars  and  stripes  were  made.  Kow  239  Arch  street,  near 
the  Delaware. 

Christ  Church, — With  oldest  peal  of  bells  in  America. 
Second  street,  north  of  Market  street. 

Girard  College. — Ridge  avenue,  above  Kineteenth  street. 
Reached  by  Ridge  avenue  or  Kineteenth  street  cars.  Ad- 
mission by  ticket,  procurable  at  the  Ledger  office.  Sixth  and. 
Chestnut  streets. 

University  of  Pennsylvania. — Ninth  street,  above  Chestnut. 
Kew  building.  Thirty-sixth  street  and  Darby  road.  Reached 
by  Market  street  cars  to  West  Philadelphia;  thence  Darby 
road  cars. 

Philadelphia  Library,  and 

Loganian  Library.,  Fifth  street,  below  Chestr.^t. 

Atheneum,  and 

Historical  Society  of  Pennsylvania.,  Sixth  and  Adelphi 
streets,  below  Walnut. 

Philadelphia  Dispensary. — Oldest  institution  of  the  kind  in 
America;  established  1786.  Ko.  127  South  Fifth  street. 

American  Philosophical  Society. — Fifth  street,  below  Chest- 
nut. 

Academy  of  Natural  Sciences. — Broad  street,  below  Chest- 
nut. Open  Tuesday  and  Friday  afternoons,  but  opened 
every  afternoon  during  the  Centennial.  Admission  10  cents. 

Franklin  Institute. — Seventh  street,  above  Chestnut. 

Mercantile  Library. — Tenth  street,  above  Chestnut. 

Apprentices'  South-west  corner  Fifth  and  Arch 

streets* 


ROUTE  NO.  S.—NEAR  WESTERN 


IGlh. 


Pennsylmnia  lIospitaL — Eighth  ainl  Spruce  streets. 

Fe7i7i.  Hospital  for  the  2^.— Ilaverford  road,  West 
Philadelphia.  Reached  by  Market  street  cars.  Admission 
by  ticket,  at  the  Ledger  ottiee. 

School  of  Design  for  Women. — North-yrest  Penn  Square, 
near  Broad  street  and  Chestnut. 

Deaf  and  Dximh  Institution. — Broad  and  Pine  streets.  Ex- 
hibitions Thursday  afternoons.  Admission  by  ticket,  at 
the  Ledger  office. 

Blind  Asylum. — Twentieth  and  Race  streets.  Wednesday 
afternoon  concerts.  Admission  10  cents. 

Blockley  Almshouse. — Considered  a model  institution  of  its 
kind.  West  Philadelphia.  Reached  by  Walnut  street  cars 
to  Thirty-fourth  street.  Tickets  at,  Ko.  42  North  Seventh 
street. 

House  of  Refuge. — Twenty-second  street,  near  Poplar 
street.  Admission  every  afternoon  except  Saturday  and 
Sunday.  Reached  by  Union  line  of  Fairmount  cars.  Tick- 
ets at  Ledger  office. 

Episcopal  Hospital. — No.  2649  North  Front  street,  on  the 
Delaware. 

U.  S.  Naml  Asyktm. — Gray’s  Ferry  road,  below  South. 
Reached  by  cars  on  Pine  street,  or  South  street. 

Na'oy  Yard. — On  line  of  the  Delaware,  east  of  Front 
street,  and  south  of  Primo  street.  Reached  by  Second 
street  cars  (as  to  old  Swedes’  Church). 

Moyamensing  {County)  Pr25<?;2.— Eleventh  street  and  Passa- 
yunk  road.  Tickets  at  Ledger  office. 

Eastern  Penitentiary. — Coates  street,  above  Twenty-sev- 
enth. Reached  by  cars  out,  on  Coates  street,  or  Union 
line  of  Fairmount  cars.  Tickets  at  Ledger  office. 

Frankford  Arsenal. — Frankford.  Reached  by  Richmond 
line  of  horse-cars. 

Richmoiid  Coal- Wharves. — Greatest  single  deposit  of  coal 
in  the  world,  of  the  Reading  Railroad  Company,  from  the 
Schuylkill  coal  regions.  On  the  Delaware,  North  Philadel- 
phia, opposite  Treaty  Island.  Reached  bystreet  cars  mark- 
ed “Richmond.” 

U.  S.  Mint. — Chestnut  street,  above  Thirteenth.  Ad-j, 
mission  from  9 to  12  A.  M.,  daily,  except  Saturday  andji 
Sunday. 

Custom  House. — Chestnut  street,  above  Fourth. 

Post-Office. — Chestnut  street,  below  Fifth. 

Commercial  Exchange. — Second  street,  below  Chestnut. 


SHORT-TRIP  GVWE, 


IGltf 

Mechanic^  Exchange, — Third  and  Walnut  streets. 

Union  League  Club-Home. — Broad  and  Sansom  streets. 
Iniroduction  by  member  of  the  Club  required. 

Maaonic  Hall. — Broad  street,  below  Arch  (old,  717  Chest- 
nut, above  Seventh). 

Smith's  Jslandy  and 

Windmill  Island. — Small  islands  in  the  Delaware,  oppo- 
site the  city,  and  places  of  public  resort.  Ferry  to  Smith’s, 
foot  of  Market  street. 

Hultzhdmer' s New  Home. — House  where  Jefferson  wrote 
the  Declaration.  South-west  corner  Seventh  and  Market 
streets. 

Laurel  Hill  Cemetery. — Kidge  avenue.  Reached  by  Ridge 
avenue  cars. 

Mt.  Vernon  Cemetery opposite  Laurel  Hill,  and 
reached  in  same  manner. 

Monument  Cemetery. — Broad  street,  opposite  Berks. 

Woodland  Cemetery.— 'Ddrrhj  road.  West  Philadelphia. 
Reached  by  Market  street  or  Walnut  street  cars  to  Darby 
road ; thence  Darby  road  cars. 

Places  of  Amusemeot: 

Academy  of  Music. — Broad  and  Locust  streets. 

Arch  Street  Theatre  — Arch  street,  west  of  Sixth. 

Chestnut  Street  Theatre. — Chestnut  street,  above  Twelfth. 

Walnut  Street  Theatre. — Walnut  street,  below  Ninth. 

Museum. — Ninth  and  Arch  streets. 

Simmons  and  Slocumh^s  Opera  House. — Arch  street,  above 
Tenth. 

Eleventh  Street  Opera  House. — ^Eleventh  street,  above 
Chestnut. 

Musical  Fund  Hall. — Locust  street,  below  Ninth. 

Horticultural  Hall. — Broad  street,  below  Locust. 

Concert  Hall. — Chestnut  street,  above  Twelfth. 

Eaileoad  Depots: 

Pennsylvania  Railroad. — (For  New  York  and  the  East,  for 
the  West,  or  for  that  connection  to  Baltimore,  Washington 
and  the  South).  Thirty-first  and  Market  streets,  reached 
by  Market  street  cars;  Kensington,  reached  by  Third 
street  cars ; and  ferry  foot  of  Market  street. 


ROUTE  NO,  ^.—NEAB  WESTERN 


161c2 


RMiUng  Railroad. — (For  the  Schuylkill,  coal-regious,  or 
the  JSTonu),  Tuirteeutli  aud  Gallo wliill  streets.  Germau- 
lowu  and  ^N'orristown  branch,  Ninth  and  Green  streets. 

Philadelphia,  Wilmingi^n  and  Baltimore  Rnlroad.~~^OT 
('heater,  Wilmington, Baltimore,  Washington  and  theSoulh). 
Broad  and  Prime  streets. 

North  Fenvsylmnia  JR.ailroad.—(No^  the  North  and  for 
Nevv  York).  Third  and  Berks  streets. 

Camden  and  Atlantic  Railroad.— (For  Southern  New  Jer- 
sey and  the  Coast).  Ferry  foot  of  Vine  street. 

West- Chester  and  Philadelphia  Railroad. — (For  local  interi- 
or). Thirty-first  and  Chestnut  streets. 

Suburban  and  other  Excursions  of  interest  from 
Philadelphia,  include  the 

United  States  Navy  Yard,  on  Front  street  and 
the  Delaware  River,  entrance  from  foot  of  Federal 
street;  with  immense  Sectional  Dock,  stocks  and 
materials  for  war-vessels,  munitions  of  war,  &c. 
[Walk,  or  street-car.]  Arrangements  have  been 
made  for  the  substitution  of  League  Island,  lower 
down  the  Delaware,  as  a new  and  larger  navy  yard; 
and  the  old  is  now  virtually  abandoned.  Of  scarce- 
ly less  interest  are  the 

U.  S.  Arsenals,  of  which  one  of  the  most  import- 
ant is  to  be  reached  at  Franhford,  north-east  of  the 
city,  with  interesting  collection  of  arms  and  the 
largest  powder  magazine  in  the  country ; and  the 
other  near  Gray*s  Ferry,  south  of  the  city.  Also, 
Laurel  Hill  Cemetery,  on  Ridge  avenue,  near  the 
Schuylkill,  and  considered  one  of  the  handsomest 
of  the  cemeteries  of  the  great  cities,  on  account  ot 
height  of  location,  fine  river^view,  tasteful  monu- 
ments and  adornments.  The  group  of  Old  Mor- 


8H0RT  TEIP  GUIDE. 


me 

tality,”  by  Thom,  at  the  entrance,  and  the  Chapel, 
deserve  attention,  as  do  many  of  the  monuments  to 
well-known  men,  among  others  those  of  Dr.  Kane, 
Gen’l  Mercer,  Gen’l  Patterson,  Dr.  Bird  (the  novel- 
ist), Joseph  C.  Neal,  Charles  Thompson,  Hassler, 
&c.  [Reached  by  street-car,  drive,  or  boat  np  the 
Schuylkill  from  Pairmount.]  Second  in  importance 
are  the  Woodlands  Cemetery,  on  the  Darby  road, 
west  of  the  Schuylkill ; Monument  Cemetery,  Broad 
street ; Olenwood  Cemetery,  Ridge  road ; Mount 
Vernon  Cemetery,  Ridge  avenue ; Eonaldson’s  Cemo 
tery,  Shippen  street ; Friend^  Burial  Ground,  Arch 
and  Fourth  streets,  &c.  [All,  beyond  short  walk 
from  leading  hotels,  reached  by  street-car.} 

Other  Excursions,  to 

The  Wissahichon,  creek  or  small  river  of  marked 
shaded  beauty,  emptying  into  the  Schuylkill. 
[Drive,  on  Ridge  avenue,  past  Laurel  Hill,  or  trip 
by  boat  on  the  Schuylkill  from  Fairmount  and 
Park.  To  the  Old  Bartram  Mansion,  with  Revolu- 
tionary reminiscences  and  a Botanic  Garden,  on  the 
west  bank  of  the  Schuylkill.  [Street  cars  on  Darby 
road.}  To  Penn’s  RocJc,  on  the  Haddington  road 
(stone  said  to  have  been  raised  by  William  Penn). 

To  Germantown,  site  of  the  battle  of  that  name, 
fought  by  Washington  in  1777 ; with  interesting 
reminiscences,  in  Chew’s  House,  the  Headquarters, 
Buttonball  Tree  Tavern,  &c.  To  Manayunh,  on 
the  Schuylkill,  with  water-power  and  heavy  manu- 
iftctures.  [Street  cars  on  Ridge-road,  or  boat  on  the 


ROUTE  NO,  K-NEAR  WESTERN  KAf 

Schuylkill.]  [Street  car  and  short  steam  connec- 
tion, every  quarter-hour.]  To  Greenwich  Point 
and  Gloucester  Point)  on  the  Delaware,  favorite  near 
places  of  summer  resort,  a few  miles  below  the  city. 
[Ferry  from  South  street.]  To  Red  Bank  and  Fort 
Alifflin,  two  miles  below  the  places  last  named,  with 
Eevolutionary  reminiscences,  Count  Donop’s  Grave, 
a Battle  Monument,  &c. ; and  also  to  League  Island) 
lying  near,  and  the  site  of  the  new  Navy  Yard. 
[Boats,  very  frequent.]  To  SmiWs  Island  and 
Windmill  Island)  lying  in  the  Delaware,  midway 
between  the  City  and  Camden,  and  passed  through 
by  the  ferry-boats,  Eesort  for  relaxation  and  clam- 
chowders.’^  To  Camden)  New  Jersey  [several  fer- 
ries: see  route  from  New  York,  Division  B.]  To 
Bridgeton)  New  Jersey,  great  fruit-packing  centre. 
[Perry  to  Camden,  and  West  Jersey  Eailroad.] 
To  Vineland)  New  Jersey,  great  grape  and  fruit- 
growing centre.  [Perry  to  Camden,  and  Camden 
and  Atlantic  road  to  Atsion — thence  Vineland 
Eailway.]  Tlo  Bordeiitown  and  Burlington,  [Boat 
on  the  Delaware,  or  rail.] 

Still  other  Excursions  will  be  those  to 

NouRiSTOWi^^,  on  the  Schuylkill,  county  seat  of 
Montgomery  County,  with  pleasant  location,  two 
fine  Bridges,  and  handsome  Court-House.  [Eail- 
way on  Eeading  road,  or  long  drive  of  much  beauty]. 
To 

Valley  Forge,  place  of  the  American  winter- 
' quarters  in  1777-8,  on  the  Schuylkill,  with  Wash- 


8E0ET-TBIP  OUIDK 


mg 

ington’s  Headquarters  still  remaining,  as  well  as  tlie 
Old  Hospital,  earth- works,  and  many  other  remind- 
ers of  that  trying  period — and  the  King  of  Prussia 
Tavern  and  Paoli,  both  celebrated  in  the  struggle, 
at  short  distance.  [Railway  on  Reading  road.}  To 
Reading,  important  town  of  the  interior,  with 
immense  coal  and  other  industries  on  the  road,  at 
and  in  the  neighborhood.  [Railway  on  Reading  , 
road.].  To  . ; 

Easton,  Delaware  ‘Water-Gap,  &c.  [See 
Longer  Excursions  from  New  York.]  [Rail  on 
Northern  Pennsylvania,  and  Delaware,  Lackawanna 
and  Western  roads.]  To 

Hareisberg,  Capital  of  the  State  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, by  Lancaster,  &c.  [Rail  on  the  Pennsylvania 
Road:  see  Route  12.]  To 

Pittsburgh,  great  iron  manufacturing  centre  of  _ 
the  State,  often  called  the  “American  Birming-^ 
ham,”  and  notable  for  the  resemblance  of  its  smoky 
atmosphere  to  that  of  English  manufacturing  towns. 
In  connection,  to  Wheeling.  [Rail  on  Pennsylvania 
road.  See  Route  12,  pp.  200,  &c.}  To 

Altoona  and  the  Allegheny  Mountains,  for  fine 
scenery  of  the  road,  considered  among  the  noblest 
in  America  Also,  to  Cressm  and  Johnstown,  be- 
yond. [Rail  on  Pennsylvania  road,  as  for  Pitts- 
burgh, &c.]  To 

Atlantic  City,  favorite  place  of  summer  resort. 
With  fine  bathing,  on  the  New  Jersey  coast,  near 
Egg  Harbor  and  the  Inlet  of  the  same  name. 


ROUTE  JSfO.  NEAR  'WESTERN.  ICl/i 

Prominent  Hotels,  the  Atlantic  House,  and  Surf 
House.  [Reached  by  ferry  to  Camden,  thence  rail 
on  the  Camden  and  Atlantic  road  direct.]  To 

Cape  May  (Cape  Island),  still  more  prominent 
and  popular  as  a-  place  of  seaside  summer  resort, 
and  especially  chosen  by  Philadelphians.  It  lies  at 
the  extreme  southern  point  of  Hew  Jersey,  at  the 
2iorthern  entrance  of  Delaware  Bay,  has  an  exten- 
siye  beach  with  line  sea-view  and  bathing,  and  ranks 
beside  Hewport  and  Dong  Branch.  Prominent 
Hotels;  Hxq  StocTcton  House,  Congress  Hall,  United 
states,  "West  Jersey,  Columbia,  Delaware,  Atlantic, 
&c.  [Reached  by  ferry  to  Camden,  thence  by  rail 
on  the  West  Jersey,  and  Millville  and  Cane  May 
roads.]  To  ‘ " 

Long  Branch.  [See  Longer  Excursions  from 
Hew  York.]  [Reached  by  ferry  to  Camden,  thence 
iail  on  Pemb.  and  Hightstown  and  Hew  Jersey 
Southern  roads.  Also,  with  connection,  Long 
Branch  to  Hew  Yore. 


ROUTE  NO,  9 -WESTERN  AND  SOUTHERN. 


PHILADELPHIA^  BY  WILMINGTOI^'  (DEL.)  TO  AKD  AT 
WASHIHGTOET  AHD  RICHMOND. 

Division  A. 

PHILADELPHIA  TO  BALTIMORE  BY  WILMII^GTON. 

Leave  Philadelphia  by  rail  on  the  Philadelphia^ 
Wilmington  and  Baltimore  road,  from  Broad  Street 
and  Washington  Avenue,  or  from  West . Phila- 
delphia. First  point  of  interest  passed  is  the  Laza- 
retto, on  the  bank  of  the  Delaware,  some  ten  miles 
below  the  city  and  at  some  distance  left  from  the 
road — an  immense  building,  with  cupola,  long  used 
for  the  detention  of  cases  of  infectious  disease.  In  a 
short  distance  is  reached 

Chester,  the  oldest  town  in  the  State,  and  at  one 
time,  under  William  Penn,  the  seat  of  government  of 
the  province.  It  has  as  curiosities,  the  spot  where 
Penn  landed  on  his  first  coming  from  England,  a 
very  old  Court  House,  &c.  Very  little  beyond,  the 
crossing  is  made  from  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
into  that  of  Delaware ; and  still  a little  beyond  is 
passed  the  Brandywine  CreeTc,  scene  of  the  battle  of 
the  same  name  (at  Chadd^s  Ford),  defeat  of  the 
Americans  and  wounding  of  Lafayette,  in  1777-8. 

After  leaving  Chester,  is  reached 

Lamohin  Junction,  [with  the  Philadelphia  and 


BO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  80  UTUEBN.  1G3 


Baltimore  Central  Eailroad , for  Forf  Deposit,  Havre 
de  Grace  (with  very  fine  Bridge  over  the  Susque- 
hanna), Baltimore,  &c.]  Lamokin  Junction  to 

WiLMiNGTOiS’,  Delaware,  one  of  the  most  import- 
ant towns  of  that  small  State,  and  in  the  midst  of 
an  agricultural  section  of  special  fertility,  the  great 
peach-growing  district  being  within  easy  reach  of 
any  one  making  brief  stoppage.  It  occupies  the  site  of 
the  old  Swedish  Fort  Christina ; has  extensive  ship- 
yards, flour  and  powder-mills,  foundries,  &c. ; and 
is  also  distinguished  as  the  seat  of  SL  Marifs  Col- 
lege (Catholic),  and  other  educational  institutions  of 
merit.  Among  its  most  prominent  curiosities  are 
the  ship-yards  and  powder-mills,  before  named ; the 
Old  Swedes^  Church,  nearly  200  years  old,  with 
ancient  grave-yard  and  singular  epitaphs;  the  Col- 
lege, &c.  [Eailway  connection  south  to  Ellcton, 
Townsend,  Dover  (capital  of  the  State),  Lewes, 
Salishury,  Crisfield  (for  boat  to  Norfolk)  &c, ; 
westward  to  Hanover,  Harrisburg,  &c.]  From 
Wilmington,  passing  Netv  Castle  Junction  [connec- 
tion for  Neto  Castle,  &c.],  and  minor  stations,  is 
reached 

Havre  de  Grace,  Maryland,  at  the  debouchure  of 
the  Susquehanna  Eiver  into  Chesapeake  Bay,  and  also 
at  the  southern  terminus  of  the  Tidewater  Canal. 
Here  the  Susquehanna  is  crossed  by  a handsome  and 
costly  Eailroad  Bridge,  not  long  finished;  and  in 
crossing,  splendid  views  are  caught  (below)  of  Ches- 
apeake Bay  and  the  shore-scenery  on  both  sides. 


1(51 


snOET-TRIP  GUIDE. 


[Railw^ay  connections  from  Havre  de  Grace,  north- 
westward, to  Harrisbueg  and  the  West  and 
Northwest]  From  Havre  de  Grace,  over  flat  and 
low  country,  with  passage  of  the  long 

Bridges  over  Bush  and  Gunpoivder  Rivers  (the 
former  5-8  of  a mile  in  length,  and  the  latter  1 mile), 
both  of  which  were  destroyed  during  the  secession- 
war,  and  rebuilt,— to  Baltimore. 

Division  B, 

AT  AND  ABOUT  BALTIMORE,  WITH  EXCURSIONS. 

Baltimore,  on  the  Patapsco  River,  branch  of 
Chesapeake  Bay,  most  important  town  in  the  State 
of  Maryland,  seaport  of  eminence,  considered  one 
of  the  handsomest  cities  in  the  Union,  and  dividing 
with  two  or  three  others  the  claim  of  producing  the 
most  beautiful  women,  while  to  Europeans  it  pos- 
sesses the  peculiar  interest  of  having  supplied  wives 
to  a remarkable  number  of  the  English  aristocracy 
(Wellesley  family?  and  others),  and  also  a wife  (Miss 
Patterson)  to  Jerome  Bonaparte.  It  has  a striking 
situation,  on  rising  ground  sloping  up  from  the 
harbor,  in  that  respect  rivalling  Boston;  and  the 
numerous  spires  and  monuments  fitly  crown  a pic- 
ture otherwise  of  great  beauty.  Baltimore  has  an 
inner  and  outer  harbor,  above  and  below  FelVs 
Pointy  into  the  latter  of  which  the  largest  ships  en- 
to  without  difficulty ; and  the  city  proper  is  di- 
vided, nearly  North  and  South,  by  a narrow  stream 


RO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN  f65 


with  many  bridges,  called  Jo7ies*  Run,  A strong 
and  handsome  fortification,  Fort  McHenry ^ defends 
the  harbor,  and  figured  conspicuously  in  both  the 
war  of  1812  and  that  of  the  secession.  Among  the 
chief  boasts  of  the  city,  and  the  first  objects  of  in- 
terest to  the  trayeller,  are 

The  Monuments^  so  notable  that  they  have  given 
to  Baltimore  the  soubriquet  of  tlie  Monumental 
City.^^  The  first  in  importance  is  the  Washington, 
in  an  elevated  position  on  Mt.  Vernon  Place,  at 
Charles  and  Monument  streets — a base  and  shaft 
reaching  200  feet  in  height,  with  a statue  surmount- 
ing all,  of  ^‘Washington  Resigning  his  Commission.^^ 
(Accessible,  and  fine  view  from  balcony  at  top.) 
Next  in  interest  is  the  Battle,  at  Calvert  and  Fay- 
ette streets — a Roman  column,  with  emblematical 
sculptures,  in  honor  of  those  who  fell  in  defence  of 
the  city,  in  September  1814.  The  third,  or  Arinis- 
tead,  in  honor  of  the  defender  of  Fort  McHenry  in 
1814,  is  merely  a tablet,  on  North  Calvert  street,  and 
only  of  interest  in  the  patriotic  connection. 

Of  streets,  the  most  important  is  Baltimore  street, 
running  east  and  west  the  whole  length  of  the  city, 
and  really  its  Broadway  or  Regent  street.  Holliday., 
Calvert,  Fayette,  Lexington,  Eutaiv,  Madison,  Park, 
Saratoga,  North  Charles,  Mt,  Vernon  Place,  Charles 
avenue,  and  other  streets  on  the  west  side  of  Jones’ 
Falls,  are  among  the  notable;  and  as  centres  of 
business,  Lombard,  Caroline,  Bank,  Gay,  High, 
Market,  Broadway,  and  other  streets  on  the  east 


166 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


side,  with  those  surrounding  the  City  Dock  (basin) 
and  principal  wharves,  lying  in  that  vicinity.  Of 
Public  Buildings,  among  the  most  notable  are  the 
Exchange^  Gay  street,  with  noble  dome;  {Custom 
House  and  Post  Office  occupying  part  of  the  same 
building)  ; the  Maryland  Institute^  Baltimore  street, 
devoted  to  industrial  exhibitions,  fairs,  &c.,  and  a 
Market;  the  City  Hall^  Holliday  street;  County 
Court  House^  Monument  square;  U,  S.  Court 
House^  North  and  Fayette  streets ; Penitentiary  and 
Prisons,  Madison  street ; Corn  Exchange,  South 
street;  the  Shot  Tower,  Front  and  Fayette  streets; 
Of  Churches,  in  Baltimore  as  in  Philadelphia,  the 
most  imposing  is  the  Catholic,  the  Cathedral,  at 
Cathedral  and  Mulberry  streets,  being  the  finest  ec- 
clesiastical edifice  in  the  city,  with  impressive  towers 
and  dome ; one  of  the  largest  organs  in  the  country; 
and  two  pictures  of  great  value  within,  a Descent 
from  the  Cross  and  St.  Louis  Burying  His 
Dead,^’  respectively  the  gifts  of  the  French  Kings 
Louis  XVI.  and  Charles  X.  After  this,  in  archi- 
tectural interest,  come  the  Unitarian,  North 
Charles  and  Franklin  streets;  the  Presiyterian, 
Madison  and  Park  streets;  Grace  (Epis.),  Monu- 
ment and  Park  streets ; St.  PauVs,  Charles  street, 
and  many  others,  the  city  being  by  no  means  defi- 
cient in  this  detail. 

Of  Literary  Institutions  and  their  edifices,  may  be 
named  the  University  of  Maryland,  with  celebrated 
Medical  Department,  Green  and  Lombard  streets; 


BO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN  167 

the  Peabody  Institute  (founded  by  the  late  George 
Peabody),  Charles  and  Monument  streets ; SU 
Mary's  College  (Catholic),  Franklin  and  Greene 
streets;  Maryland  Historieal  Society,  Baltimore 
Library,  Mercantile  Library,  &c.,  rooms  in  the 
Atheneum,  Saratoga  and  St.  Paul  streets ; College  of 
Loyola  (Catholic),  Madison  and  Calvert  streets; 
College  of  Pharmacy,  North  Calvert  street;  &c. 
Principal  Theatres:  the  Holliday  Street,  street  of 
same  name ; the  Front  Street,  or  American,  Front 
street ; Baltimore  Museum,  Broad  and  Calvert 
streets ; Grand  Opera  House  (new) ; Concordia 
(German),  South  Eutaw  street.  Prominent  Hotels : 
the  ML  Vernon,  Carrollton,  Barnum's,  Eutaw,  Gil- 
motor's,  Fountain,  and  Maltbfs. 

Cemeteries  of  prominence : Green  Mount,  Belvi- 
dere  street  and  York  avenue,  with  fine  gateways 
and  many  handsome  walks  and  monuments ; Lou- 
doun Parle,  also  with  fine  gateway,  Frederick 
road;  Baltimore  Cemetery,  North  Gay  street; 
Moiont  Olivet,  Frederick  road ; Mount  Carmel, 
Western,  and  other  minor.  Other  Parks  and  Public 
I Grounds : Druid  Hill  Parle,  very  large  and 
handsome  grounds,  recently  laid  out,  in  the 
; Northern  suburbs  [street-car  from  city  centres] ; 

Patterson  Parle,  East  Baltimore  street,  with  re- 
; mains  of  earthworks  of  war  of  1812  ; City  Spring 
t\  Grounds,  North  Calvert  street;  Union  Square, 
West  Lombard  street;  Federal  Hill,  with  Signal 


168 


BUORT’TRIP  GUIDE. 


House  and  one  of  the  very  best  views  of  the  city  add 
harbor;  Franldin  Square,  Fayette  street;  Jackson 
Square,  Hampstead  street;  etc. 

Favorite  Excursions,  among  others,  to 
Fort  McHenry  and  North  Point,  entrance  of  the 
liarbor  (before  spoken  of) ; to  Franklin,  the  Con- 
vent, &c.,  by  the  Frederick  road  [favorite  drive]  ; to 
Govanstoiun,  by  the  York  road  [drive]  ; to  Catons- 
ville  and  EllicoWs  Mills  [horse-car] ; to  Towsontoicn 
(military  barracks,  &c.)  [horse-car] ; to  Bel- Air, 
Franklinton,  &c.]  [stage-coach].  Down  the  Ches- 
apeake Bay  [boat,  very  frequent  from  harbor- 
wharves,  during  the  warm  season].  Longer  Ex- 
cursions, among  others,  to 
Axkapolis,  Capital  of  the  State  of  Maryland  , 
and  seat  of  the  celebrated  national  Naval  Academy. 
It  lies  on  the  little  River  Severn,  near  Chesapeake 
Bay;  has  a history  of  interest,  dating  back  to  1G49 : 
was  the  spot  where  Genl.  Washington  resigned  his 
commission  at  the  close  of  the  War  of  Independence ; 
and  has,  in  addition  to  the  other  attractions  named, 
an  educational  institution  of  prominence,  St.  John^s 
College,  a State  House,  and  much  fine  river  and  coast 
scenery  in  the  neighborhood.  [Reached  from  Bal- 
timore by  the  Baltimore  and  Washington  road  to 
Annapolis  Junction,  thence  branch  road  direct.] 
Also,  by  daily  boat  on  Chesapeake  Bay,  to 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  on  the  Elizabeth  River,  at  the 
extreme  southern  point  of  Chesapeake  Bay,  and  the 
second  town  in  Virginia  in  point  of  population 


RO  TJTB  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  TJTUERN.  1C9 


It  has  a fine  harbor,  with  great  depth  of  water; 
and  is  one  of  the  greatest  markets  of  wild-fowl 
(especially  the  celebrated  canvas-back  ducks 
of  the  Chesapeake),  oysters,  fruits  and  other 
supplies,  to  be  found  south  of  Philadelphia.  Across 
the  river  from  it  are  the  Portsmouth  Jslaval  De- 
pot, formerly  the  most  extensive  in  the  Union,  but 
materially  damaged  by  fire  at  the  commencement 
of  the  secession  war  (1861),  with  the  burning 
of  the  Pennsylvania,  Merrimac  and  other  war 
vessels, — and  the  Gosport  Navy  Yard,  with  Dry 
Docks  of  great  size  and  cost.  Norfolk  and  Ports- 
mouth harbor  proper  are  defended  by  Fort  Cal- 
houn  and  the  works  on  Craney  Island ; while  the 
entrance  from  the  sea  is  commanded  by  Fortress 
Mo7iroe,ilLQ  largest  fortification  in  the  United  States, 
erected  at  Old  Point  Comfort  (also  place  of  favorite 
summer  resort),  on  the  opposite  or  north  side  of  the 
wide  mouth  of  the  James  River  (Hampton  Eoads), 
directly  north  and  some  fourteen  miles  distant.  In 
the  latter  neighborhood  may  also  be  visited,  Eliza- 
beth  City  and  Hampton,  more  or  less  interestingly 
connected  alike  with  the  early  history  of  Virginia 
and  the  .secession  troubles  of  1861-5.  May  also  be 
visited,  from  Norfolk  or  Old  Point  Comfort  [boat], 
the  site  and  Rains  of  Jamestoivn,  place  of  first  set- 
tlement in  Virginia,  and  scene  of  the  romantic  epi- 
sode of  Captain  John  Smith  and  Pocahontas.  [From 
Baltimore  to  Kichmond,  every  day  during  summer, 
by  boat  of  the  Baltimore  Steam-Packet  Company,  in 
connection  with  the  Atlantic  CJoast  Line, — with  fine 


170 


smUT^TEIP  'GUIDE. 


views  throughout,]  [Norfolk  to  Eichmond,  by  boat  up 
the  J ames  Elver ; or  may  be  visited  from  Eichmond^ 
by  same  conveyance.]  Also,  by  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
Eailroad  (or  by  same  road  from  Washington), 
through  the  Monocacy  Valley,  along  the  Upper  Po- 
tomac and  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  to 

Point  of  Rocks  (railway  connection  to  Frederick, 
Md.) ; to  Hagerstown  Junction  (railway  connection, 
to  Hagerstown ) ; and  to 

Harpeh’s  Ferry,  on  the  Upper  Potomac,  at  the 
intersection  with  thnt  stream  of  the  Shenandoah, 
with  mountain  and  river  scenery  of  the  first  mag- 
nificence, and  the  additional  interest  of  having  been 
the  site  of  an  important  U.  S.  Armory  and  Arsenal 
(destroyed  by  fire  in  April,  1861),  and  the  spot 
where  John  Brown,  of  Ossawatomie,  made  his  cele- 
brated raid  and  virtually  commenced  the  conflict  of 
the  secession,  in  October,  1859.  Maryland,  Bolivar 
and  Loudoun  Heights,  and  their  fortifications,  de- 
mand notice,  as  do  a thousand  natural  beauties  and 
warlike  reminiscences  certain  to  be  suggested  on 
the  spot. 

From  Harper’s  Ferry,  route  on  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  road  may  be  pursued  to  Sir  John’s  Run,  with 
stage  connection  to  Berkeley  Springs  ; to  Gumler^-* 
land,  and  across  one  of  the  finest  passes  of  the  Al- 
legheny Mountains  to  Pittsburg  and  the  West. 
Or,  from  Harper’s  Ferry  rail  may  be  taken  down 
the  Shenandoah  Valley,  through  the  Valley  of  Vir- 
ginia, to  Charlestoiun,  Winchester,  Strasburg,  Har- 
risonburg and  Staunton,  with  connections  and  de- 
tours of  great  interest.  (See  Eoute  9-^). 


BO  TJTE  NO.  9.  - WESTEBN  AND  SO  TTl  BEEN  171 


Division  C. 

BALTIMORE  TO  WASHINGTON,  BY  BALTIMORE 
AND  OHIO  RAILROAD. 

[From  New  York  and  Philadelphia  to  Baltimore^ 
see  Eoutes  8 and  9,  pp.  144  and  1G2.] 

Leave  Baltimore  by  the  Washington  Branch  of 
the  B.  and  O.  Eoad,  from  Camden  Station,  by  Carroll 
and  Camden  Junction,  to 

Eel  AY  House  and  Belay  Station.  (First-class  hotel 
and  refreshment  station,  both  owned  and  operated 
by  the  B.  and  O.  Eailroad  Company,  and  somewhat 
noted  for  their  excellence).  Eelay  House  and  the 
vicinity  were  necessarily  quite  celebrated  during  the 
Secession  War,  the  movements  of  troops  over  the 
lines  of  rail  between  the  different  sections,  and  espe- 
cially between  Baltimore  and  Annapolis,  and  Balti- 
more and  Washington,  throwing  the  central  point 
into  great  prominence,  and  making  the  control  of  it 
no  secondary  consideration  in  the  warlike  arrange- 
ments of  the  period.  At  Eelay  House  also  diverges 
the  alternate  line,  with  branch  to  Frederick,  joining 
the  main  line  at  Point  of  Eocks. 

Eelay  House  by  Elkridge,  Hanover,  Dorsey’s  and 
Jessup’s  to 

Annapolis  Junction.  [Connection  to  Annapolis, 
site  of  the  Naval  Academy,  and  the  State  capital  of 
Maryland:  see  ^‘Excursions  from  Baltimore,”  pre- 
ceding] ; thence  by  Savage,  Laurel,  Contees,  Belta- 
ville,  Paint  Branch,  &c.,  to 


maEO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTEBN  AND  SO  UTHERN, 

Bladensburgh.  [Junction  of  ‘branch  to  Shepherd, 
on  Potomac  Eiver,  opposite  Alexandria,  and  to  Alex- 
andria, where  connection  is  made  with  steamboats 
for  Fredericsburg,  Kichmond,  &c.,  by  Acquia  Creek 
and  the  Kichmond  and  Potomac  E.  E.  Also,  from 
Shepherd  or  from  Alexandria,  by  the  Washington 
City,  Virginia  Midland  and  Great  Southern  Eailroad, 
passing  Manassas  Junction  and  the  scene  of  the  im- 
portant battle  of  Manassas,  1861,  via  Gordonsville, 
to  Eichmond,  and  any  Southern  connection  that  may 
be  desired.] 

Bladensburgh,  small  town  on  the  Eastern  Branch 
of  the  Potomac,  with  a mineral-spring  and  some  ce- 
lebrity as  a healthful  summer  resort  for  Washington 
residents  and  others  near;  but  much  more  as  the 
scene  of  the  disgraceful  defeat  of  the  American  by 
the  British  forces,  in  August,  1814,  immediately  pre- 
vious to  the  temporary  occupation  of  the  Capital — 
and  also  as  the  spot  long  famous  as  a duelling- 
ground  for  Congressional  and  other  disputants. 
Very  soon  after  leaving  Bladensburg,  is  caught, 
what  should  by  no  means  be  lost,  the 

First  Vieio  of  the  Washington  Capitol,  scarcely 
second  to  the  corresponding  distant  view  of  the 
dome  of  St,  Peter’s,  in  approaching  Eome — the 
dome  of  the  Capitol,  since  re-erection,  being  among 
the  largest  and  finest  in  the  world,  and  the  first 
sight  peculiarly  impressive.  But  a little  time  and 
distance,  following,  before  entering  the  somewhat 
straggling  city,  and  disembarking  at  the  foot  of 
Ca^ntol  Hill — Washington. 


SUORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Division  D. 

BALTIMORE  TO  WASHINGTON,  BY  THE  BALTIMORE 
AND  POTOMAC  RAILROAD. 

[From  New  York  and  Philadelphia  to  Baltimore, 
see  Eoutes  8 and  9,  pp.  144  and  162.  J 

Leave  Baltimore,  from  Union  Depot,  by  Lafayette, 
Winans’,  Stony  Kun,  Severn,  Odenton  [connection  to 
Annapolis,  by  Annapolis  and  Elk  Ridge  R.  R.],  Pa- 
tuxent, Bovoie^  [connection  with  branch  to  Pope's 
Creek,  on  the  Potomac,  whence  may  be  conveniently 
reached,  Port  Tobacco  and  other  places  of  that  sec- 
tion— a part  of  it  somewhat  notable  for  events  con- 
nected with  the  escape  of  John  Wilkes  Booth  from 
Washington,  after  the  killing  of  President  Lincoln,] 
Seabrook,  Wilson’s,  Benning’s,  then  Washington. 

Entering  Washington  by  this  route,  one  of  the  first 
objects  of  interest  is  the  Na’vy  Yard,  with  which  a 
station  of  the  road  is  connected.  [See,  for  Navy 
Yard,  p.  181.] 

[From  Washington,  the  Baltimore  and  Potomac 
Railroad  continues,  crossing  by  fine  new  Bridge  over 
the  Potomac  (affording  view  of  the  White  House, 
the  Treasury  Buildings,  and  many  other  objects  of 
interest),  to  Alexandria,  affording  connection  with 
the  Alexandria  and  Fredericsburg  R.R.  for  Quantico, 
Fredericsburg,  Richmond  and  the  South.] 


172  EO  JJTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UIHERN 
Division  E. 

AT  AND  ABOUT  WASHINGTON,  WITH  EXCURSIONS. 

WashingtoiTj  capital  city  of  the  United  States  of 
America,  and  on  many  accounts  specially  interest- 
ing, as  bearing  the  name  of  the  Great  Soldier  and 
Patriot,  as  having  been  selected  by  him  as  the  seat 
of  Government,  as  having  been  the  scene  of  all  the 
central  legislation  of  the  country  and  many  of  its 
other  historical  events,  and  as  possessing  a location 
with  many  marked  advantages  and  certain  equally 
marked  disadvantages  almost  counterbalancing  the 
favorable, — ^lies  in  the  District  of  Golumbia,  on  the 
north  bank  of  the  Potomac  Kiver,  at  some  70  miles 
from  the  embouchure  of  that  river  into  Chesapeake 
Bay,  and  about  SO  miles  directly  westward  from  the 
nearest  shore  of  that  Bay,  at  a little  southward  of 
Annapolis.  In  its  selection,  undoubtedly  the  first 
object  held  in  view  was  to  secure  the  nearest  pos- 
sible approach  to  centrality  between  the  North  and 
the  South,  that  between  the  East  and  the  West, 
now  grown  so  important,  not  being  at  all  cal- 
culated. It  supplies  a geographical  meridian  of 
importance:  Lat.  38®  63'39"  K;  Long.  77®  2'  48" 
from  Greenwich;  and  lies  in  a direct  line  about 
120  miles  south-west  from  Philadelphia,  and  about 
200  in  a corresponding  direction  from  New  York. 
It  dates,  as  the  Capital,  from  the  removal  from 
Philadelphia,  about  1800,  though  the  corner  stone 
of  the  Capitol  was  laid  in  1793.  The  city,  as  a mu- 
nicipality, dates  from  nearly  the  same  time — is  large 


EO  VTE  NO.  9.  - WESTEENAND  SO  TJl  IIEEN  173 

in  extent^  and  by  no  means  compact  in  its  character; 
that  fact  having  given  rise,  many  years  ago,  to  the 
irreverent  soubriquet:  the  ‘‘City  of  Magnificent 
Distances.” 

Among  the  undeniable  advantages  of  Washing- 
ton, before  referred  to,  are  its  picturesque  location, 
with  elevations  and  fine  views  at  two  points, — those 
of  the  Capitol,  at  the  south-eastern  end  of  (main) 
Pennsylvania  Avenue,  and  the  President’s  House 
and  principal  Government  Buildings,  at  the  north- 
western end;  its  ease  of  access  from  the  sea,  and  ac- 
cessibility by  railway  from  various  important  points ; 
its  moderate  climate  in  winter,  principal  season  of 
legislative  assemblage;  and  its  proximate  centrality, 
as  between  North  and  South.  Among  the  disad- 
vantages may  be  named  the  doubtful  healthiness  of 
some  portions  (including  the  Executive  Mansion)  in 
summer;  and  its  entire  want  of  centrality  towards 
the  limited  East  and  the  wddely-extended  West — the 
latter  feature  having  given  rise  to  much  dissatisfac- 
tion, of  late  years,  and  some  efforts  at  effecting  the 
removal  of  the  seat  of  government  to  some  one  of 
the  Western  cities— St.  Louis  being  oftenest  named. 
The  governmental  conveniences  now  existing  on  this 
spot,  however,  and  the  late  completion  of  the  en- 
larged Capitol,  render  it  entirely  improbable  that 
any  such  removal  will  take  place  within  the  present 
century,  and  leave  Washington  to  bo  visited  and 
considered  as  the  permanent  capital  of  the  United 
States. 


174 


SEOBT-TIilP  GUIDE. 


Of  course  first  among  iis  attractions,  to  the  tour- 
ist, at  whatever  season,  will  be  found 

The  Capitol,  standing  on  Capitol  Hill,  fronting 
east  and  west,  and  occupying  the  same  site  as  the 
original,  founded  by  Washington  and  burned  by  the 
British  in  1814,  when  the  Congressional  Library^ 
many  valuable  pictures,  the  President’s  House  and 
other  buildings,  shared  the  same  fate.  The  present 
structure,  undeniably  one  of  the  noblest  government 
buildings  in  the  world,  and  with  many  grand  and 
beautiful  details  in  architecture,  is  an  enlargement 
of  that  which  replaced  the  burned  building,  and  has 
consequently  the  blemish  of  showing  some  incon- 
gruity in  materials  and  afterthought”  in  design.  It 
is  immense  in  extent,  however,  the  entire  length  being 
some  750  feet,  with  a wing  depth  of  300  and  a body 
depth  of  200;  and  the  whole  space  of  ground  covered 
is  said  to  be  three  and  a half  acres.  Handsome 
grounds  surround  the  Capitol,  with  fine  shade  trees 
and  some  good  landscape  gardening;  and  from  these 
grounds,  below  either  front,  and  from  the  two  fronts 
themselves,  remarkably  fine  views  may  be  obtained. 

The  East  Front,  (main)  has  an  immense  colon- 
nade and  portico,  with  Persico’s  statues  of  Colum- 
bus, of  Washington,  allegorical  figures  of  Peace  and 
War,  Greenough’s  Civilization,”  etc.,  on  the  portico 
and  in  the  grounds  adjoining;  and  it  is  here  that 
the  inauguration  ceremonies  of  each  incoming 
President  take  place,  the  auditory  filling  the  portico 
and  the  grounds  below.  The  West  Front,  less  elabo^ 


no  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTEBN  AND  SO  UIHERN  175 


rate,  has  the  view  down  Pennsylvania  Avenue  and 
over  the  city.  The  next  most  prominent  feature, 
and  perhaps  the  most  notable  of  all,  is 

The  Dome,  before  spoken  of  as  among  the  noblest 
in  the  world.  It  surmounts  the  center  of  the  pile, 
rising  to  a height  of  nearly  400  feet,  crowned  with 
a colossal  statue  of  Freedom,  by  Crawford ; and  is 
ascended  from  within,  by  a spiral  stairway,  for  the 
extensive  and  magnificent  view  of  Washington,  the 
Potomac,  the  near  portions  of  the  District,  of  Vir- 
ginia, Maryland,  etc.  In  the  Rotunda,  immediately 
under  the  dome,  are  to  be  seen  the  eight  large  his- 
torical pictures,  Discovery  of  the  Mississippi,” 
‘‘  Baptism  of  Pocahontas,”  ‘‘  Declaration  of  Indepen- 
dence,” “Surrender  of  Burgoyne,”  “Surrender  of 
Cornwallis,”  “Washington  Resigning  his  Commis- 
sion,” and  “ Landing  of  Columbus.”  The  Rotunda 
has  also  a “ Massacre  of  the  Innocents,”  portraits  of 
Lincoln  and  others,  some  interesting  historical  bas- 
reliefs,  etc.  The  Canopy,  surmounting,  is  elaborately 
painted  in  fresco,  by  Brumidi,  and  contains  an  im- 
mense number  of  allegorical  and  historical  figures. 
Naturally  the  next  objects  of  interest  will  be  the 
Senate  and  Representative  Chambers,  the  former 
situated  in  the  north  wing  (or  “ extension  ” — new 
part  of  the  building)  and  the  latter  in  the  south 
wing.  They  are  both  large,  with  good  accommoda- 
tion for  spectators  (in  the  Strangers’  Galleries),  elab- 
orately finished,  lighted  from  above  by  hidden  gas- 
burners  through  ground  glass,  and  extremely  well 


17G 


SnORT-TBIF  GUIDE. 


ventilated,  but  with  their  impressiveness  materially 
marred  by  the  low,  flat  ceilings.  Both  are  reached 
by  elaborate  and  costly  stairways,  really  among  the 
most  notable  features  in  the  building  ; and  it  may 
be  said  of  both  that,  with  whatever  faults  of  con- 
struction, they  are  among  the  best  of  their  class,  in 
the  world.  Next  in  interest  is  to  be  visited  the 
Supreme  Court  Boom,  a large  semi-circular  apart- 
ment in  the  north  wing,  with  busts  of  former 
Chief- Justices  Jay,  Eutiedge,  Ellsworth  and  Mar- 
shall; and  beneath  it  the  Old  Supreme  Court  Eoom, 
now  the  Laio  Library]  with  a fine  collection  of  books 
in  the  higher  branches  of  jurisprudence,  and  some 
peculiarities  in  the  architecture  of  the  room,  com- 
manding surprised  attention.  The 

Library  of  Congress,  with  some  90,000  to  100,000 
volumes  (now  accumulating  very  rapidly,  as  copies 
of  all  works  published  in  America  must  be  deposit- 
ed there,  to  secure  copy-rights — as  in  the  British 
Museum),  and  an  immense  number  of  valuable  doc- 
uments and  manuscripts, — is  in  the  western  portion 
of  the  main  building,  and  show's  fire-proof  book- 
cases and  all  appliances  to  guard  against  the  recur- 
rence of  fire,  which  has  twice  destroyed  previous  col- 
lections (1814 — war ; and  1851,  accidental.)  But 
perhaps  quite  as.  interesting  as  any  of  the  apart- 
ments named,  is  the 

Old  Hall  of  Bepresentaiwes,  in  the  south  wing  of 
the  center  building,  semi-circular,  with  panelled 
ceiling  and  cupola,  row  of  splendid  columns  in  Vir- 


no  UTE  EO.  9.—  WESTEBJSr  AJSTE  SO  UTHERN,  177 


ginia  green-stone ; and  containing,  among  other 
objects  of  interest  and  value,  Vanderlyn’s  “ Wash- 
ington,” a full-length  of  Lafayette,  Franzoni’s  statue 
of  History,  statues  and  busts  of  Washington,  Kos- 
ciusko, Lincoln,  Johnson,  &c.  Here,  also,  have 
spoken  nearly  all  the  great  legislators  of  America 
in  the  past,  making  the  place  historically  memora- 
ble. Opening  from  this  into  the  corridor,  may  be 
seen  the 

Bronze  Columbus  Door,  modelled  by  Kogers  and 
cast  at  Munich  (where  the  model  remains),  repre- 
senting various  scenes  in  the  life  and  death  of  the 
discoverer,  and  considered  among  the  best  of  con- 
temporary works. 

Many  other  apartments  of  interest  may  be  visited 
in  the  Capitol,  among  them  the  President’s  and  Vice- 
President’s  Booms,  the  Speaker’s,  Senators’,  Eecep- 
tion,  &c.,  and  some  of  the  Committee  Booms,  in 
the  latter  of  which  wnll  be  found  displayed  quite  as 
much  luxury  (not  always  in  the  best  taste)  as  can 
be  found  in  any  other  portion  of  the  structure. 

[Admission  to  the  Capitol,  and  access  to  most  of 
its  rooms,  every  w^eek-day,  10  to  3.  Congress  gen- 
erally in  session  from  early  December  to  4th  March, 
in  the  years  with  odd  numbers  ; in  those  with  even 
numbers,  (as  1876)  the  sessions  often  continuing  far 
into  the  summer,  and  even  later.  Admission  to  the 
Congressional  Sessions,  without  card,  and  only 
limited  by  the  capacity  of  the  large  galleries.  In 
connection  it  may  be  well  to  say  that  the  same 


178 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


hours  (10  to  3)  and  the  same  freedom  from  routine 
or  special  application,  apply  to  most  of  the  Depart- 
ment buildings  at  Washington.] 

Next  in  importance  to  the  traveler,  of  the  build- 
ings of  Washington,  is  the 

Pkesident’s  House  (familiarly  known  as  the 
‘‘White  House,^^  especially  in  political  parlance), 
situated  on  the  high  ground  at  the  opposite  or 
north-western  extremity  of  (main)  Pennsylvania 
Avenue  (principal  drive  and  fashionable  promenade 
of  the  city).  It  is  of  white  stone,  as  its  name  indi- 
cates, has  a colonnaded  front,  but  little  architectural 
merit,  stands  near  the  Potomac,  and  commands  a 
fine  view  of  that  river  and  the  opposite  shore.  It 
contains  some  handsome  and  well-appointed  rooms, 
the  East  Room  being  the  most  notable  ; but  the  lo- 
cation is  not  considered  healthy  in  summer,  and  the 
Presidential  family  does  not  often  steadily  occupy  ifc 
throughout  that  season.  [Calls,  without  ceremonial 
or  previous  introduction,  are  generally  received  by 
the  President  every  week-day,  10  to  1,  except  those 
devoted  to  Cabinet  meetings  or  other  special  ap- 
pointments. No  court-dress  necessary  or  proper. 
Levees,  during  the  Congressional  Season,  fortnight- 
ly; and  weekly  receptions,  generally  on  Saturday 
mornings,  by  the  Lady  of  the  White  House,  with 
the  President  present.] 

The  Patent  Office,  after  those  named,  is  un- 
doubtedly the  most  interesting  place  of  visit  in 
Washington,  for  its  massive  architecture  and  on  ac- 


RO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  JJTRERN.  179 


count  of  its  extraordinary  collection  of  mecbanical 
and  labor-saving  implements,  in  which  it  has  no 
equal  in  any  country.  It  is  located  on  F street 
(many  of  the  Washington  streets  being  thus  desig- 
nated by  letters)  between  Seventh  and  Ninth 
streets.  The  Model  Room,  occupying  one  entire 
floor,  is  divided  into  four  halls,  of  which  the  East 
Hall  is  occupied  by  practical  models ; the  West 
Hall  by  rejected  ones;  the  South  Hall  (with  hand- 
some frescoed  ceilings)  by  personal  effects  of  Wash- 
ington, other  Eevolutionary  relics,  (sword  of  Wash- 
ington and  cane  of  Franklin,  among  others)  medals 
and  Treaties  with,  and  presents  from  foreign  powers, 
Powers’  Statue  of  Washington,  &c.,  forming  a 
unique,  most  valuable  and  interesting  collection. 
Near  the  Patent  Office  is  to  be  visited  the 

General  Post  Office,  an  imposing  Corinthian  struc- 
ture, with  the  internal  arrangements  commanding  a 
certain  degree  of  attention,  and  some  valuable  re- 
cords of  Franklin.  Also,  the  City  Post  Office,  in 
same  building.  The 

State,  War  and  Navy  Departments  have  buildings 
near  each  other  and  near  the  President’s  House,  on 
Pennsylvania  Avenue.  Little  of  interest  is  to  be 
found  in  either,  except  the  Library  of  the  State 
Department,  and  the  Collection  of  Relics  of  the 
War  and  Navy.  Of  much  more  importance  to  the 
visitor  is  the 

Treasury  Department  Building,  on  Fifth  street, 
immense  in  size  and  of  some  architectural  merit; 


180 


BHOBTTRIP  GUIDE. 


while  the  details  of  Paper  Money  Printing  [admis- 
sion by  order  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury-— 
easily  obtained],  carried  on  in  the  upper  and  lower 
portions  of  the  structure,  are  worthy  of  close  atten- 
tion from  their  extent  and  completeness.  The 

Smithsonian  Institute  (founded  by  the  late  James 
Smithson,  Esq.,  of  England),  stands  in  extensive  and 
high!}-  ornamented  grounds,  called  the  Mall,  west  of 
the  Capitol,  and  south-east  of  the  President’s 
House.  It  is  of  large  extent,  built  of  red  sand- 
stone, Norman  in  architecture,  and  has  nine  towers, 
of  irregular  heights.  It  contains  an  immense  libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery,  lecture-room,  laboratory, 
etc.,  and  is  already  doing  a noble  work  in  the  ad- 
vancement of  science.  At  no  considerable  distance 
from  this,  stands  the 

■ Washington  Monument,  intended  to  be  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  world,  but  thus  far  simply  one  of  the 
largest  failures,  the  funds  to  complete  it  from  its 
present  height  of  170  feet  to  the  contemplated  600, 
not  being  forthcoming.  It  is  at  present  no  monu- 
ment, but  a curiosity.  The 

.National  Observatory  stands  on  Western  Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue,  half  way  between  the  President’s 
House  and  Georgetown.  It  has  a large  transit  and 
some  other  fine  instruments,  astronomical  library, 
clock,  etc. 

The  Public  Grounds  of  Washington  are  princi- 
pally comprised  in  the  Mall,  on  the  banks  of  the 
Potomac,  at  and  near  the  Smithsonian  Institute; 


BO  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTUERN.  181 


the  Capitol  Orounds,  before  spoken  of;  and  Lafa\j- 
elle  Square,  near  the  President’s  House  (with  Clark 
Mills’  equestrian  statue  of  Jackson).  Principal 
Churches:  the  Epiphany.,  (Epis.)  G.  Street,  near 
Thirteenth;  Trinity  (Epis.)  Third  street;  St  Johns 
(Epis.)  Lafayette  Square;  Presbyterian,  Eour-and* 
a-half  Street;  St  Aloysius  (Cath.)  near  the  Capitol; 
Foundry  church,  (Meth.  Epis.)  Fourteenth  street. 
Principal  Theatres:  the  New  National  and  WalTs 
Olvera  House.  {Ford's  Theatre,  once  a favorite, 
and  the  scene  of  the  assassination  of  President 
Lincoln,  April,  1865,  is  to  be  seen  as  a curiosity, 
but  has  never  since  been  opened  as  a place  of 
amusement).  Public  Hall : Lincoln  Hall.  Promi- 
nent Hotels:  the  Arlington;  St  Cloud;  Howard; 
St  James';  Willard's. 

Suburban  and  other  excursions  from  Washington, 
will  include  those  to  the  Soldiers'  Home  (Military 
Asylum),  three  miles  north  of  the  city,  and  favorite 
resort  of  Presidential  families  in  summer;  the  Arse-- 
nal,  Greenleaf’s  Point,  junction  of  Eastern  Branch 
and  Potomac,  with  interesting  collection  of  ord- 
nance. To  the 

Navy  Yard,  with  ship-houses,  an  armory,  etc.,  on 
the  Eastern  Branch,  short  walk  south-east  of  the 
Capitol.  To  the 

Congregational  Cemetery,  lying  on  the  Eastern 
Branch,  north-east  of  the  Capitol,  with  many  scores 
of  monuments  to  Members  of  Congress  who  have 
died  at  Washington,  and  specially  notable  monu- 


182 


SHORT- TRIP  GUIDE. 


ments  of  interest,  to  William  Wirt,  George  Clinton, 
Elbridge  Gerry,  and  others;  also  Glemvood,  rival 
cemetery  of  much  beauty,  lying  north  of  the  Capi- 
tol. To  the 

Long  Bridge,  crossing  the  Potomac  to  the  Vir- 
ginia shore,  from  near  the  Mall,  to  Alexander’s 
Island,  and  computed  to  have  carried  over  half  a 
million  of  troops  during  the  war  of  the  secession. 
To 

Georgetown,  a handsome  suburb,  lying  at  the 
West,  beyond  Eock  Creek,  with  fine  view  from  the 
Heights^  and  much  interest  in  the  Aqueduct,  carry- 
ing the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal  over  the  Poto- 
mac; also,  Georgetown  College  (Jesuit),  at  the  west 
end  of  the  town,  with  library,  museum,  observatory, 
etc.;  the  Convent  of  the  Visitation,  Fayette  street; 
Asylum  for  Children ; Oafc  Hill  Cemetery  (with 
handsome  Chapel,  fine  monument  to  M.  Bodisco, 
etc.)  To 

Arlington  House,  former  mansion  of  George 
Washington  Parke  Custis,  stepson  of  Washington^ 
and  later  of  General  Eobert  E.  Lee,  of  the  Confed- 
erate service,  but  the  property  since  occupied  as  a 
Freedman’s  Village,  and  most  of  the  rare  Washing- 
ton and  other  relics  carried  away,  though  the  place 
must  always  retain  a certain  historical  interest.  To 

Little  and  Great  Falls,  of  the  Potomac,  above 
Georgetown,  with  handsome  scenery,  and  specially 
fine  fishing.  [All  the  last  named  places  are  most 
conveniently  reached  by  carriage.]  To 


RO  UTE  NO,  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN,  185 


Alexandria,  old  town  of  Virginia,  on  the  West- 
ern side  of  the  Potomac,  seven  miles  below  Wash- 
ington— once  of  heavy  commercial  importance,  but 
now  decayed.  It  has  interesting  historical  reminis- 
cences, in  the  fact  that  Gen.  Braddock’s  unfortu- 
nate expedition  to  Fort  Duquesne,  which  brought 
Col.  Washington  to  notice,  was  fitted  out  here;  also 
in  his  pew  in  Christ  Church,  still  preserved,  and 
other  relics  of  the  Father  of  his  Country.  It  has  a 
later  and  melancholy  interest  as  the  spot  (at  the 
Marshall  House)  where  Col.  Ellsworth,  the  Zouave, 
and  his  slayer,  Jackson,  were  both  shot,  in  May, 
18G1.  It  has  also  a Museum,  Court  House,  Theolog- 
ical Seminary,  etc.  [Beached  from  Washington  by 
special  boat  here  and  to  Mount  Vernon;  or  by  regu- 
lar daily  boat  on  way  to  Acquia  Creek,  Fortress 
Monroe,  and  Eichmond.  Also,  by  rail  or  road. 
Bail  way  connection,  north  to  Washington;  south 
to  Acquia  Creek,  Eichmond,  etc.  ; northwest  to 
Leesburg,  Harper’s  Ferry,  Chamber sburg,  etc.  ; 
west  and  southwest  (through  a succession  of  the 
early  battle-fields  of  the  secession  war),  to  Fairfax 
Court  House,  Manassas  Junction  (battle-field  of 
Bull  Run  in  immediate  neighborhood)  connection 
northwestward  to  Strasburg,  Winchester,  etc.).  War- 
renton  Junction  (for  Warrenton),  Culpe'pper,  Orange 
Court  House,  Gordonsville,  Charlottesville  (seat 
of  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  with  ‘^Monti- 
cello,”  home  of  Thomas  Jefferson,  lying  near),  Sum- 
mit, and  other  stations,  to 


184 


SEOUT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


principal  depot  of  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  road  (connection  northward  to  Harrisonburg 
and  to  Harper’s  Ferry);  to  Goshen  (near  connec* 
tions  to  Eockbridge  Alum,  Bath  Alum,  Jordan 
Alum  and  other  Springs;  and  by  stage  to  Eock- 
bridge Baths,  Lexington,  the  Natural  Bridge,  &c.); 
to  Covington;  through  the  Alleghenies  to  White  Sul- 
phur Springs,  (see,  for  all  these  connections,  Eoute 
9|);  to  Huntington,  on  the  Ohio  Eiver,  terminus 
of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  road,  &c.] 

Of  course  the  most  interesting  of  all  excursions 
from  Washington  will  be  that  to 
Mount  Veknon,  old  residence  and  burial  place 
of  Washington,  lying  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Poto- 
mac, eight  miles  below  Alexandria.  It  is,  to  Amer- 
icans, unquestionably  the  most  sacred  of  places  on 
the  continent,  and  only  less  interesting  to  those 
from  other  lands.  Though  somewhat  decayed,  the 
House  (now  the  property  of  the  Nation,  through 
the  labors  of  Edward  Everett  and  the  ladies  of  the 
Ladies’  Mount  Vernon  Association”),  commands  a 
beautiful  view  of  the  river,  is  in  fair  preserva- 
tion, and  contains  many  valuable  relics,  among 
others,  pictures  and  furniture  of  Washington,  the 
Key  of  the  Bastille,  presented  to  him  by  Lafayette, 
etc.  The  Tomb,  of  brick,  stands  near  the  house, 
under  heavy  shade,  with  an  open  grated  doorway 
through  which  the  sarcophagi  of  Washington  and 
his  wife  are  seen;  with  other  tombs  of  the  family 
visible  without;  the  archway  of  the  tomb  bearing 
the  simple  inscription;  Within  this  enclosure  rest 


no  UTE  NO.  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN  185 


the  remains  of  General  George  WashinglonT  Not 
far  distant  is  the  original  Tomb,  now  crumbling  to 
dust.  [Beached  from  Washington  by  boat  ; or  by 
boat  to  Alexandria,  and  drive,  or  by  drive.  If  by 
boat,  with  view  of  and  stop  at  old  Fori  Washington^ 
once  a fortification  of  some  consequence,  on  the 
eastern  side  of  the  Potomac,  between  Alexandria 
and  Mount  Vernon.] 

Other  Excursions  from  Washington,  those  to 
Bull  Run,  scene  of  the  fir^t  important  battle  of  the 
secession  [reached  from  Alexandria,  by  Manassas 
Junction],  and  other  fields  of  the  late  conflict.  Also, 
nearly  the  same,  in  different  directions,  with  obvious 
variation  of  railway  routes,  as  those  from  Baltimore 
—•see  close  of  Division  B,  this  route. 

Division  F. 

WASHINGTON,  TO  AND  AT  EICHMOND,  VA. 

Leave  Washington  by  morning  boat  on  the  Poto- 
mac river,  to  Alexandria,  Va.,  on  the  right,  [See  pre- 
vious Division] ; thence  by  Fort  Washington,  on  the 
left  [See  same],  and  Mount  Vernon,  on  the  right 
[See  same];  or,  by  rail  from  Washington  to 

Acquia  GreeJc,  small  village  deriving  its  only  im- 
portance from  this  transit,  at  the  junction  of  the 
Creek  of  that  name  with  the  Potomac.  Thence  rail, 
on  the  Bichmond,  Fredericsburg  and  Potomac  road, 
to 

Fredericsburg,  on  the  right  bank  of  Eappahan- 


186 


SnOBT-miP  GTJIBE, 


nock  Elver — old  town  of  importance  in  early  Virgi- 
nia history,  and  especially  notable  from  the  fact  that 
Geoege  Washington  was  born  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood.  This  event,  so  important  to  the 
Western  World,  and  indeed  to  all  mankind,  took 
place  upon  what  has  long  been  known  as  the  Wake- 
field Estate,  at  an  inconsiderable  distance  from  the 
town,  within  the  limits  of  Westmoreland  county  ; 
and  though  the  birth-place  has  long  been  destroyed, 
the  spot  is  commemorated  by  a stone  slab  erected 
there  by  George  W.  P.  Custis,  step-son  of  Washing- 
ton, in  1815,  and  bearing  the  brief  inscription  : 

Here,  the  11th  of  February,  (0.  S.)  1732,  George 
Washington  was  BornP  The  . mother  of  Washington 
resided,  late  in  life,  at  Fredericsburg,  and  died  and 
was  buried  there;  her  monument,  in  the  outskirts  of 
the  town,  inaugurated  by  President  Jackson  in  1833, 
still  shamefully  remaining  unfinished.  The  house  is 
still  pointed  out,  at  the  corner  of  Lewis  and  Charles 
streets,  where  she  saw  her  distinguished  son  for  the 
last  time.  Fredericsburg  has  also  a later  celebrity, 
as  the  scene,  and  in  the  neighborhood,  of  a consider- 
able amount  of  the  fighting  of  the  secession  war,  in 
1862,  ’63,  and  later;  and  the  country  in  the  vicinity 
has  by  no  means  recovered  from  the  devastation  of 
those  conflicts.  Fredericsburg,  by  Milford,  Chester, 
Sexton's  Junction  [connection  westward,  by  Ches- 
apeake and  Ohio  Eailroad,  to  Gordonsville,  Staunton, 
and  White  Sulphur  Spring s,~\  to 

Eichmond,  on  the  James  Eiver,  capital  of  the 


RO  UTE  NO,  9.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN.  187 

State  of  Viro-inia,  and  ever  memorable  as  the  later 
seat  of  the  Confederate  Government,  and  the  object 
of  an  investiture  and  siege  by  the  United  States 
forces,  that  seemed  literally  hopeless  and  intermin- 
able. It  lies  on  the  left  or  north  bank  of  the  James, 
at  the  Lower  Falls,  or  end  of  that  series  of  rapids  ex- 
tending six  miles  above  and  supplying  the  city  with 
the  needed  water-power  for  its  many  jBiour-mills,  to- 
bacco and  other  manufactories.  The  most  conspic- 
uous object  in  the  city,  from  the  height  of  its  posi- 
tion as  well  as  from  other  causes,  is 

Tlie  Capitol,  located  on  Shockoe  Hill,  a considera- 
ble elevation,  and  thus  looking  down  upon  the  major 
portion  of  the  city.  It  is  Greek  in  the  character  of 
its  architecture,  with  porticos,  and  a tall,  narrow 
dome,  and  is  generally  impressive  in  effect,  though 
the  details  are  by  no  means  faultless.  It  stands  in  a 
public  square  elevated  as  above  named,  and  com- 
mands a fine  view,  especially  from  the  portico  or 
dome,  over  the  James  jRiver,  its  islands,  and  a wide 
stretch  of  country.  Jnternally,  there  is  not  much  of 
interest  in  the  legislative  halls;  the  principal  at- 
traction centericg  in  the  splendid  marble  statue  of 
Washington,  by  Houdon,  considered  the  best  extant, 
standing  in  the  central  hall,  under  the  dome — and 
in  the  historical  reminiscences,  now  so  varied,  inevi- 
tably clustering  round  the  principal  place  of  direc- 
tion of  the  short-lived  Confederacy.. 

Other  Principal  Buildings,  worth  visit:  Richmond 
and  SL  Vincent  Colleges;  the  Citij  Hall,  Custom 


188 


SEOBT-TBIP  OVIDE. 


House  and  Penitentiary;  and,  as  special  objects  of 
interest  connected  with  the  war,  Castle  Thunder  and 
the  Lihhy  Prison.  Also  may  be  visited  with  profit, 
some  of  the  many  Flouring  MillSi  which  some  of 
the  best  wheat  in  the  world  is  prepared.  Leading 
Churches:  St.  John's  and  the  Monumental,  with 
many  others  only  less  interestiug.  Other  objects  of 
interest:  the  old  Lines  of  Fortification  defending  the 
city  during  the  siege;  the  Bapids  (or  Falls  of  the 
James);  the  entrance  of  the  James  River  and 
Kanawha  Canal,  etc.  Leading  Hotel:  the  Ballard. 

[Principal  railway  connections  from  Richmond: 
northward,  by  routes  just  traversed,  to  Washington, 
etc. ; eastward  to  the  White  House  and  Chesapeake 
Bay;  southward,  by  Petersburg  and  Weldon  road, 
to  Weldon  and  Wilmington  (N.  C.);  westward,  by 
Sexton’s  Junction  and  Gordonsville,  to  Charlottes- 
ville, Staunton,  Covington,  White  Sulphur  Springs, 
&c.;  south-westward,  by  Richmond  and  Danville 
road,  to  Greensboro  (N.  C.);  and  Columbia  and 
Charleston  (S.  C.);  also  south-westward,  by  South 
Side  and  Tennessee  roads  (by  Burkeville  Junction) 
to  Lynchburg,  and  across  #the  Alleghenies  to  Knox- 
ville (Tenn.),  and  other  places  in  extreme  south  and 
west.  (See  routes  following.)] 


noun  No.  Qh-SPECJAL  VIRGJN/AN  TOUR.^ 

BALTIMORE  OR  WASHINGTON  TO  PRINCIPAL  VIR- 
GINIA SPRINGS,  NATURAL  CURIOSITIES 
AND  MOUNTAINS,  AND  TO  LYNCH- 
BURG AND  RICHMOND. 

Division  A, 

BY  harper's  ferry  TO  BERKELEY  SPRINGS. 

Leave  Baltimore  or  Washington  by  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  railroad,  along  the  Upper  Potomac  and  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Canal,  with  burned  bridges 
and  other  traces  of  the  late  secession  war,  through 
Monocacy  Valley  to 

Point  of  Pocks,  commencement  of  the  rough  di'- 
vision  made  by  the  Potomac  Eiver  between  the 
States  of  Maryland  and  Virginia  (railway  con- 
nection northward  to  Frederick)  ; to  Hagerstown 
Junction  (railway  connection  northward  to  Hagers- 
iown)],  to 

* Tickets,  information,  and  all  facilities  for  this  tour,  are  supplied 
by  Messrs.  Cook,  Son  <fe  Jf-nkins,  261  Broadway,  New  York,  one  of  the 
members  of  which  firm  has  deservea  the  thanks  of  travelers  by  his 
efforts  for  better  opening  Virginia  to  tourists,  and  calling  closer  and 
wider  attention  to  the  noble  scenery  of  the  section. 


SHORT^miP  GUIDE. 


im 

Harper’s  Ferry,  at  the  intersectian  of  the  Upper 
Potomac  with  the  Shenandoah,  and  considered  one 
of  the  most  picturesque  passes  in  America,  as  well 
as  a point  of  much  importance  in  late  history^  (See 
Eoute  9,  Division  B,  p.  170.)  Among  its  objects  of 
special  interest  are  the  ruins  of  the  U.  S^  Arsenal } 
Maryland,  Loudoun,  and  other  heights,  through 
which  the  Potomac  makes  its  grand  passage  j the 
very  fine  iron  bridge  over  the  river,  &c.  At  this 
point  the  railroad,  which  has  before  followed  the 
Maryland  shore,  crosses  to  that  of  Virginia,  and 
continues  for  some  distance  within  sight  of  the  Po- 
tomac. The  next  station  of  importance  is  that  of 

Martinsburg,  famous  during  the  war  for  conflict- 
ing loyalty  and  rebelliousness,  and  the  home  of  the 
ultra-Southern  heroine,  Belle  Boyd:  now  a thriving 
town,  with  railway-shops,  the  county  Fair-Grounds, 
and  a rough  but  picturesque  location.  By  minor 
stations  to 

Sir  John's  Run,  on  the  Potomac,  spot  of  one  of  the 
encampments  of  General  Braddock,  on  the  way  to 
his  disastrous  defeat  at  Fort  Duquesne,  and  named 
for  Sir  John  Sinclair,  commander  of  his  vanguard. 
Also  noted  for  the  experiments  of  Bumsey,  who  here 
constructed  one  of  the  earliest  steamboats. 

[Beyond  Sir  John’s  Bun,  for  Gumherlmid,  Pitts- 
ETJRO  and  the  West,  continue  by  the  Baltimofi*e  and 
Ohio  road,  crossing  the  Alleghenies,  through  scenery 
of  marked  magnificence.  See  “Boute  9|.”] 

At  Sir  John’s  Bun,  for  the  purposes  of  this  tour. 


SPECIAL  YIRGimAIL  TOUR. 


189& 


stage  is  taken,  through  very  fine  mountain  scenery, 
for  a short  ride  to 

Berkeley  Springs,  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 
noted  of  the  Virginia  watering-places,  at  which  Gen. 
Washington,  Thomas  Jefferson  and  other  great  men 
of  the  past  had  summer  residences,  and  sought 
health  and  relaxation.  The  Springs  lie  in  a pleasant 
valley,  hemmed  in  by  mountains,  and  are  alleged  to 
possess  a specially  breezy  atmosphere,  at  all  seasons; 
and  the  waters,  merely  tepid,  have  a high  repute  for 
bathing.  The  place  has  a certain  additional  cele- 
brity, as  the  residence  of  Porte  Crayon”  (Gen.  D. 
H.  Strother),  the  well-known  illustrator  of  Virginia 
scenery.  Principal  Hotel:  the  Pavilion,  with  fine 
grounds  and  Baths  of  great  completeness. 

Return  from  Berkeley  Springs  to  Sir  John’s  Run 
and  to  Harper’s  Ferry,  for  pursuance  of  this  tour; 
changing  cars  at  Harper’s  Ferry  to  Winchester  and 
Potomac  road. 


Division  B. 

harper’s  ferry  to  and  at  weyer’s  cave. 

Leave  Harper’s  Ferry  by  the  Winchester  and 
Potomac  road,  down  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  w’ith 
shallow  river  on  the  left,  and  many  marks  of  the  de- 
struction wrought  in  the  Valley,  by  fire  and  other- 
wise, during  the  secession  war.  Through  a very 
fine  agricultural  country,  opening  what  is  more 
generally  called  the  ‘Walley  of  Virginia.”  Half  an 
hour  from  Harper’s  Ferry  brings 


SHOBT^miP  &UIDE, 


me 

Charlestown,  a village  of  little  promi?%eiice,  but 
always  notable,  hencefortb,  as  tbe  place  where  John 
Brown,  of  Osawattomie,,  was  tried  and  executed,  for 
his  armed  invasion  of  the  State,  at  Harper  s Ferry. 
The  spot  where  Brown  was  hung  is  visible  in  a high 
field,  at  the  left  of  the  road,  shortly  after  passing 
through  the  main  village.  Continuing  through  a 
very  rich  agricultural  country,  something  less  than 
one  hour  brings 

Wmchester,  thriving  town  of  the  Valley,  with  the 
Ice  Mountain,  where  blocks  of  ice  are  said  to  be 
found  all  the  year  round;  the  Capon  Springs,  the 
Hanging  Rocks,  and  other  natural  curiosities,  with- 
in easy  reach — ^and  having  now  a peculiar  historic 
and  romantic  interest,  as  the  spot  of  an  important 
conflict  and  the  place  of  termination  of  T.  Bucha- 
nan Read’s  celebrated  poem,.  Sheridan’s  Ride.” 
During  all  this  ride  down  the  Valley  of  Virginia, 
grand  mountain  scenery  accompanies,  at  a distance,, 
the  Blue  Ridge  at  the  East  and  the  North  Moun- 
tain range  at  the  West,  seeming  to  shut  the  whole 
Valley  away  from  the  world.  Also,  many  ravines 
and  high  bridges  add  picturesqueness  to  the  journey. 
At 

Strasbnrg  Junction  connection  is  made  with  the 
Washington  City,  Virginia  Midland  and  Great 
Southern  railroad,  from  and  to  Manassas  Junction,, 
Washington,  Alexandria,  &c.  Passing  Woodstock^ 
Mount  Jackson,  and  other  stations,  and  Newmarket 
(stage  connection  for  Gordonsville),  is  reached. 


SPEGiAL  VIRGINIAN  TOUR. 


md 


Harrisonhm^g,  former  end  of  rail  in  this  direction,, 
now  stopping-place  of  a certain  interest.  Hotel, 
EffingePs.  Rail  may  be  continued  to  Staunton  ; or, 
at  Harrisburg  or  Weyer’s  Cave  Station,  a few  miles 
beyond,  stage-coach  or  private  carriage  may  be 
taken  for  the  ride,  through  a moderately  broken 
country,  to 

Weyer’s  Cave,  one  of  the  most  remarkable  and 
beautiful  subterranean  passages  in  the  world,  and 
considered  more  varied  in  its  spectacles  than  the 
Mammoth  Cave  of  Kentucky,  though  much  smaller. 
It  lies  on  one  of  the  branches  of  the  Shenandoah,-  a 
few  miles  west  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  has  been  prin- 
cipally made  known  to  the  world  (though  known 
since  1804),  by Porte  Crayon,”  in  his  ‘^Virginia 
Illustrated.”  For  any  adequate  impression  of  this 
cave,  its  many  chambers,  great  extent,  wonderful 
variety,  and  the  singular  character  of  its  stalactites 
and  stalagmites,  dependance  must  be  entirely  placed 
upon  personal  observation,  the  guide  (always  in 
readiness),  and  the  local  hand-book  cheaply  sup- 
plied. The  visitor  should  be  advised,  however, 

(1)  that  he  is  undoubtedly  visiting  one  of  the 
most  notable  subterranean  marvels  in  any  land  ; 

(2)  that  a considerable  amount  of  fatigue  is  in- 
volved in  any  thorough  exploration  ; but  that  (3) 
no  danger  whatever  is  incurred,  if  the  guide’s  di- 
rections are  obeyed  ; though  (4)  fine  clothing  is 
apt  to  become  a trifle  smirched,  and  ladies’  long 
dresses  are  out  of  place ; and  (5)  night  is  con- 


SHOUT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


me 

Bidered  a better  time  for  tbe  visit  thau  day,  as 
the  eyes  are  not  subjected  to  such  changes  between 
the  world  outside  the  cave  and  the  torchlight  realm 
within  it.  Hotel  (and  place  for  procuring  guide), 
Mohler’s  Weyer's  Cave  Hotel.  In  the  vicinity  of 
Weyer’s  Cave  are  Madison's  Cave  (described  by  Thos. 
Jefferson  in  ‘'Notes  on  Virginia’'),  Fountain  Cave, 
and  others  minor  but  interesting  to  those  making 
longer  sojourns. 

From  Weyer’s  Cave,  return  hy  stage-coach  or  car- 
riage to  connection  with  the  rail  between  Harris- 
onburg and  Staunton,  at  Weyer’s  Cave  Station, 
thence  by  rail  to  Staunton ; or,  to  Mount  Sidney, 
and  continue  by  carriage  (turnpike,  and  fine  drive), 
to  Staunton. 


Division  C. 

AT  STAUNTON,  AND  TO  THE  WHITE  SULPHUR 
SPRINGS. 

Staunton,  thriving  town  of  considerable  age, 
county  town  of  Augusta  County,  noted  for  its  Col- 
legiate Schools,  and  seat  of  two  State  institutions  of 
consequence — the  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  and  the 
Asylum  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  and  the  Blind, — 
has  lately  sprung  into  increased  prominence  as  the 
head-quarters  of  the  just-completed  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  railroad,  extending  from  Chesapeake  Bay  to 
the  Ohio  Kiver.  It  has  also  additional  importance 


SPECIAL  YimmiAS  TOUR. 


189/ 


as  a place  of  rendezvous  for  tourists  to  the  various 
springs  and  natural  curiosities  adjacent.  Principal 
hotel : the  Amerimn.  [Railway  connections,  east 
to  Charlottesville,  Richmond,  Norfolk,  &c.;  west  by 
route  about  to  be  traversed  ; south  by  stage  (rail  in 
contemplation)  to  Bonsack's,  and  the  Virginia  and 
Tennessee  road,  for  the  south-west.] 

From  Staunton,  for  pursuance  of  this  route — by 
the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Railroad,  by 

Goshen,  village  with  important  connections  to 
many  of  the  more  important  Springs,  the  Natural 
Bridge,  &c.,  (hereafter  to  be  noted);  at  this  point 
the  scenery  along  the  road  commencing  and  con- 
tinuing to  be  singularly  wild  and  grand,  ranking 
among  the  best  of  its  class  in  America — all  the  dis- 
tance through  and  from  the  North  Mountain  chain, 
to  and  through  the  Alleghenies.  Among  the  most 
prominent  points  to  be  noted,  are  the  rocky  pass  of 
Panther  Gap,  the  huge  bulk  of  Griffith’s  Knob, 
and  the  picturesque  mouth  of  the  Cow  Pasture 
River.  At 

Millhoro  is  the  point  of  leaving  the  rail  by  coach 
for  the  Warm  Springs,  and  the  Warm  Spring  Moun- 
tain, long  celebrated  for  grandeur  of  view.  Pursu- 
ing route  by  the  rail,  however,  is  passed  the  grand 
scenery  of  Clifton  Forge,  with  the  wild  entrance  of 
Jackson’s  River  ; and  not  far  beyond  is  reached 

Covington,  mere  railway  hamlet ; beyond  which 
point  the  scenery  is  even  wilder  than  before,  with 
the  great  Clay  Cut,  the  tremendous  embankment 


189^^ 


SEOBT^TBIP  GUIDE, 


of  Jerry’s  Run,  and  two  immense  Tunnels — the 
second  and  longest  through  one  of  the  mountains 
of  the  main  Allegheny  ridge  ; shortly  after  which 
are  reached 

White  Sulphur  Springs  (station,  and  place  of  pop- 
ular resort). 

[Beyond  the  White  Sulphur  Springs,  for  those 
going  west,  rail  is  continued,  by  Gauley  Bridge, 
Charleston,  Barhour smile,  &c.,  to  Huntington  and  the 
Ohio  River.  J The 

White  Sulphur  Springs  (hotel  and  grounds)  lie 
very  near  the  station.  The  grounds  are  very  ex- 
tensive, and  well  laid  out ; and  the  hotel  building, 
taking  name  from  the  Springs,  is  large  and  commo- 
dious, though  old  (having  entertained  the  flower  of 
Southern  aristocracy  through  the  summers  of  more 
than  half  a century),  while  nearly  one  hundred  cot- 
tages, in  Rows,”  circling  the  grounds,  afford  favor- 
ite accommodation.  The  waters  of  the  Springs  are 
strongly  sulphuric,  as  the  name  indicates,  and  are 
held  to  be  a speciflc  in  many  diseases  ; though  no 
doubt  the  principal  attraction  of  the  place  is,  after 
all,  compounded  of  fashion  and  the  fine  surround- 
ing scenery. 


SPECIAL  VlRGimAlSl  TCUB. 


189/i. 


Division  D. 

TO  LEXINGTON,  THE  NATURAL  BRIDGE,  LYNCHBURG 
AND  RICHMOND. 

Keturn,  from  tlie  White  Salphur  Springs,  by  Ches-- 
apeake  and  Ohio  road,  by  Covington,  &c.,  to 

Goshen,  before  named  in  proceeding  westward — 
important  as  being  the  center  or  point  of  departure 
for  many  places  of  popular  resort.  [Among  others 
reached  from  Goshen  by  coach,  are  the  Cold  White. 
Sulphur  SpT'ings,  % miles ; the  Bockbridge  Alum 
Springs,  8 miles;  and  the  Jordan  Alum  Springs,  8 
miles;  besides  others  embraced  . in  the  tour  follow- 
ing.] 

Leave  Goshen,  by  stage  coach,  through  the  very 
wild  and  picturesque  Goshen  Pass,  along  the  North 
Fork  of  the  James  Kiver,  to 

Bockbridge  Baths,  popular  place  of  summer  resort, 
beside  the  North  Fork  of  the  James,  and  with 
iodine  and  magnesia  waters,  said  to  be  of  the  first 
excellence.  Hotel:  the  Bockbridge  Baths. 

From  Rockbridge  Baths,  continue  by  stage-coach 
to 

Lexington,  important  town  and  tourist  center, 
seat  of  the  Virginia  Mililarg  Institute,  and  of  Wash- 
ing, ton  and  Lee  University,  and  with  the  tombs 
of  Generals  Robert  E.  Lee  and  Stonewall  Jackson 
commanding  attention.  Has  also,  at  the  University, 
an  Astronomical  Observatory  of  note,  founded  by 
McCormick,  inventor  of  the  Reaper,  a native  of 


SHOET^TBIP  GUIDE. 


mi 

this  county  (Rockbridge).  Leading  Hotel:  the  Na- 
tional. 

[From  Lexington,  by  stage  or  private  carriage, 
excursion  may  be  made  to  the  Peaks  of  Otter,  moun- 
tains of  peculiar  beauty,  southward;  or  stage  maybe 
taken  to  Bonsack's,  and  connection  made  with  the 
Virginia  and  Tennessee  road.] 

From  Lexington,  by  stage  or  carriage,  to  the 

Natukal  Bridge,  first  curiosity  of  Virginia,  and 
one  of  the  grandest  in  the  world.  It  crosses,  in 
a natural  arch  of  some  ninety  feet,  and  with  a 
height  of  over  two  hundred  feet,  the  deep  chasm  of 
Cedar  Creek,  flowing  into  the  James;  and  neither 
pen  nor  pencil  can  do  justice  to  the  absolute  gran- 
deur of  the  structure,  as  witnessed  from  below  and 
above.  Best  points  of  view,  and  peculiar  oddities 
of  resemblance  to  faces  and  animals  under  the  arch, 
pointed  out  by  guides.  The  tourist  may  or  may  not 
recognize  the  Eagle  with  outstretched  wings,  the 
Lion’s  Head,  the  Goddess  of  Liberty,  and  other 
striking  similitudes  to  men  and  animals,  in  the 
moss  and  discoloration  of  the  under-surface;  but  it 
is  sure  that  he  will  realize  the  grandeur  of  the  struc- 
ture, which  is  so  wide,  above,  and  so  solid,  that  one 
of  the  great  public  roads  of  the  county  passes  over 
it,  and  thousands  ride  across  in  stage-coach  or  wagon 
without  being  aware  of  the  terrible  gulf  beneath, 
except  their  attention  is  called  to  it.  Much  inte- 
rest is  always  excited  by  the  initials  cut  at  different 
heights  under  the  arch,  by  adventurous  climbers; 


SPECIAL  VIRGINIAN  TOUR. 


180; 


and  many  fancy,  perhaps  with  reason,  that  those  of 
George  Washington  (known  to  have  been  a visitor 
and  admirer  of  the  Natural  Bridge)  may  be  dis- 
covered in  a certain  locality.  From  above,  at  both 
sides,  very  fine  view^s  over  the  creek  and  the  adjacent 
country  may  be  obtained;  though  prudence  should 
be  observed  in  going  near  to  either  edge.  There  is 
also  a view,  at  some  distance  from  the  road,  of  the 
Bridge  itself,  which  should  not  be  lost.  Hotel:  the 
Natural  Bridge.  Some  notable  Caves  lie  in  the 
neighborhood,  partaking  of  the  character  of  Weyer’s 
and  others. 

From  Natural  Bridge,  by  carriage,  to  GilmouPs 
Mill;  and  thence  daily,  (evening)  packet-boat  on 
the  James  Eiver  and  Kanawha  Canal,  through  fine 
scenery,  to 

Lynchburg,  on  the  James  Eiver — flourishing  town, 
and  great  depot  of  the  tobacco  trade,  as  well  as  rail- 
way center  of  importance.  [Connections,  westward 
by  the  Virginia  and  Tennessee  road;  northwarvl  to 
Charlottesville  and  Gordonsville,  for  Eastern  Virginia, 
Washiisgton,  &c.;  southward  to  for  North 

Carolina,  &c. ; eastward  by  route  about  to  be  trav- 
ersed.] Leading  Hotels;  the  Norvell  and  Piedmont 

From  Lynchburg,  by  the  South  Side  railroad,  by 
Burkeville  Junction,  to  Eichmond.  (See  Eoute  9^ 
p.  186  and  following.) 

i Eichmo  id  to  Washington  by  reverse  of  route  9, 

' Division  E,  p.  185;  or  by  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  road 
[ to  Gordonsville  (Junction),  and  thence  by  Wash- 


il89^ 


snoRT-mip  ompE. 


ington  “City,  Virginia  Midland  and  Great  Southern 
road, — for  return  northward;  or  eastward,  or  south- 
ward, by  other  lines  of  connection  from  that  city. 
^(See  Eoute  9>  p.  188,) 


ROUTE  No.  ^i.—WESTERN AND  SOUTH-WESTERN. 

WASHINGTON  OR  BALTIMORE,  BY  BALTIMORE  AND 
OHIO  ROAD,  TO  CUMBERLAND,  GRAFTON,  AND 
WHEELING  ; AND  TO  CHICAGO,  ST.  LOUIS,  ETC. 

Division  A, 

WASHINGTON  OR  BALTIMORE  TO  GRAFTON. 
Washington  or  Baltimore,  by  B.  and  O.  Eoad, 
to  Sir  John’s  Eun,  as  by  previous  route  (“Special 
Virginia  Tour,”  No.  9i),  with  unequalled  oppor- 
tunities, on  all  the  earlier  portions  of  this  route, 
through  and  by  the  Maryland  towns,  for  visiting 
some  of  the  most  noted  battle-fields  of  the  secession 
war,  to  wit:  Gettysbueo  from  Frederick,  Antietam 
from  Hagerstown  or  Point  of  Bocks,  &c. 

Passing  Point  of  Bocks,  Harper’s  Ferry,  &c.,  as  by 
that  route,  and  with  or  without  detour  at  Sir  John’s 
Eun,  to  Berkeley  Springs,  as  also  by  that  route, — ■ 
Prom  Sir  John’s  Bun,  continuing  west,  the  rail- 
road crosses  the  Great  Cacapon  by  a fine  bridge  300 
feet  long,  and  the  Potomac  (south  branch)  by  one 
400  ft.  long;  and  then,  passing  by  a Viaduct  700  ft. 
long,  crosses  to  the  N.  side  of  the  Potomac  into 
Maryland  again ; and  next  reaches 

Cumberland,  the  second  city  of  the  State  of  Mary- 
land, situated  at  the  eastern  foot  of  the  range  of  the 
Alleghenies.  It  is  the  center  of  a most  important 
coal  and  iron  district;  has  some  handsome  public 
buildings,  and  hotel;  is  the  seat  of  large  iron  works, 
the  lailroad  repairing-shops,  and  one  of  the  largest 
steel  rolling-mills  in  the  country.  Cumberland  is 
the  Eastern  terminus  of  the  Great  National  Eoad 
through  \Vheeling,  &c.,  to  the  Mississippi;  also  the 
We.stern  termination  of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio 
Canal;  both  of  which  modes  of  transit,  of  the  great- 


mm 


SROBT^TBIP  OUIDK 


est  importance  in  their  day,  have  been  to  a great 
extent  superseded  by  railroads. 

[Railway  connections  from  Cumberland  to  Cor- 
nellsville  and  Pittsburgh;  also  to  the  Oil  Regions  of 
Pennsylvania.  Short  ride  via  Bridgeport,  to  the 
celebrated  Bedford  Springsr\ 

Leaving  Cumberland,  westward,  is  entered  the 
grand  scenery  of  the  Ascent  of  the  Alleghenies,  for 
some  45  miles,  among  the  best  on  the  continent,  to 
the  summit,  at  Altamont.  Important  points  are 
passed,  on  this  ascent,  at  Keijser,  21  miles  from 
Cumberland,  and  at  Piedmont  (the  “ mountain  foot”), 
28  miles  from  Cumberland.  [Important  connections,  j 
at  Piedmont,  with  the  Cumberland  and  Pennsylvania  i 
Railroad,  through  the  coal  and  iron  regions,  among 
the  most  important  in  those  productions  in  America.] 
At  Piedmont  commences  the  famous  “17-mile 
grade,’’  reaching  the  summit  of  the  Alleghenies  at  AU 
(amont,  2,720  feet  above  tide*water  at  Baltimore. 
Near  Altamont,  some  three  miles  distant,  at  Deer 
Park,  is  the  favorite  hotel  and  summer-resort,  the 
Beer  Park  House.  The  descending  grade  of  the  Ahe- 
ghenies  is  commenced  at  Crauhevry  Summit,  23  miles 
from  Altamont;  and  very  soon  after,  the  magnificent 
scenery  of  the  Cheat  Biver  Valley  and  the  river  of  the 
same  name  comes  into  view.  The  scenery  of  this 
valley  is  considered  almost  unrivalled.  The  valley  is 
crossed  by  a noble  viaduct;  and  the  ascent  of  the 
Cheat  River  Grade”  exposes  the  splendid  scenery 
of  the  Laurel  Hill  range.  Among  the  best  and  bold- 
est engineering  work  in  America  is  to  be  found  on 
this  road,  during  the  passage  to  Cassidys  Summit. 
Again  descending.  King  Wood  Tunnel  is  passed 
through,  4,100  feet  in  length.  Shortly  after  is  reached 


RO  UTE  NO.  9|.—  WESTERN  AND  SO  UTHERN  ISOn 


Newburgh,  ( W.  Va.),  267  miles  from  Baltimore.  Be- 
yond, the  rapid  descent  of  the  Three  Forks  leads  to 
Grafton,  1,000  feet  above  tide-water  at  Baltimore, 
where  diverge  the  two  great  sub-divisions  of  the  Bal- 
timore and  Ohio:  1st,  the  Central  Ohio  Division,  to 
Newark,  Columbus,  Sandusky,  &c.,  thence  to  Chicago; 
and,  2d,  the  Main  Line  to  Parkersburg,  with  connec- 
tions to  Cincinnati,  SiLouis,  theWest  and  Southwest. 

Division  B. 

GRAFTON  BY  WHEELING  TO  CHICAGO. 
Prominent  places  passed  on  this  route  are  : 
Fairmount,  (W.  Va.),  county  seat  of  Marion  Co.; 
Mannington,  among  the  beautiful  scenery  of  the  Buf- 
falo Valley;  Moundsville,  near  which  arise  the  won- 
drous Indian  Mounds  of  such  size  and  prominence, 
puzzling  all  the  historians  and  men  of  science;  Ben- 
wood  (with  connection  to  Wheeling);  Bellair  (en- 
trance into  the  State  of  Ohio);  Cambridge;  Zanesville, 
important  town  and  county  seat  of  Muskingum  Co. ; 
Newark,  county  seat  of  Licking;  Columbus,  capital  of 
Ohio  (see  p.  202) ; [detour  from  Newark] ; Mansfield, 
county  seat  of  Eichland;  Shelby  [connection,  by  the 
Cleveland,  Columbus,  Cincinnati  & Indianapolis  R. 
R.,  with  the  Atlantic  & Gt.  Western  and  Erie  roads, 
direct  to  New  York  and  the  East]  ; Sandusky,  im- 
portant town  of  Lake  Erie ; thence  by  Tiffin  (railway 
junction  of  importance).  Defiance,  &c.,  to  Chicago. 

Division  C. 

GRAFTON  BY  PARKERSBURG  TO  ST.  LOUIS. 

Passing  through  a mountainous  and  wooded 
country,  producing  coal  and  petroleum  in  great 
abundance,  is  reached 


BEOm-TRIP  GVIPE. 


mo 

Parkersburg,  (W.  Va.),  county  seat  of  Wood  Co., 
on  the  Ohio,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Little  Kanawha — • 
prosperous  town,  and  center  of  petroleum  and  other 
industries.  The  Ohio  river  is  here  crossed  by  one 
of  the  most  magnificent  bridges  in  the  world,  with 
a height  above  tide-water  of  some  80  feet,  spans  of 
350  feet,  and  a total  length  of  one  mile,  550  yards. 
Two  miles  below  may  be  seen  Blennerhassetf s Island, 
so  intimately  connected  with  the  fortunes  of  Aaron 
Burr  and  his  alleged  victim,  Herman  Blennerhasset. 
At  Bel^re  are  to  be  found  the  great  stock-yards  of 
the  company.  The  next  place  of  importance  is 
Athens,  (O.),  county  seat  of  county  of  same  name, 
and  seat  of  the  State  University  and  one  of  the  State 
Lunatic  Asylums.  Many  of  the  noted  Indian 
Mounds  in  the  neighborhood.  [Eailway  connection 
to  Columbus,  by  Hocking  Valley  road.]  Then  follow 
Hamden,  [branch  road  to  Portsmouth,  county  seat  of 
Scioto,  and  center  of  coal  and  iron  industries] ; 

ChiUcothe,  founded  in  1796,  and  capital  of  Ohio 
until  1810 — now  county  seat  of  Boss,  and  with  many 
handsome  public  and  other  buildings  [branch  rail  to 
Hillsboro];  Loveland  [connection  with  the  Little 
Miami  road];  to  Cincinnati,  (see  p.  204). 

From  Cincinnati,  by  Lawrenceburgh  [connection 
to  Indianapolis'] ; Horth  Vernon  [branch  to  Louisville, 
Ohio,  and  steamers  on  that  river] ; Flora  [connec- 
tions north  to  Beardstown,  south  to  Shawneetowm 
&c.] ; Odin  [connection  south  to  Cairo,  New  Okleans, 
&C.1  This  route  terminates  with  the  crossing  of  the 
Mississippi  river,  by  one  of  the  most  stupendous  and 
magnificent  iron  bridges  in  the  world,  to  St.  Louis. 


ROUTE  No.  10.-S0UTH-WESTERN  (SEMf-SKELE- 
TON.) 

EICHMOKD  BY  EALEIGH,  WILMINGTON,  COLUMBIA 
CHAELESTON,  ATLANTA,  MONTGOMEEY  AND  ’ 
mobile,  to  new  ORLEANS. 

Mmond  by  rad  on  Petersburg  and  Weldon  road 
to  Petebsbueo  (with  fortifications  remaining,  and 
other  traces  of  the  late  struggle).  rConnection 
southeastward  to  Sufolk  and  Noiroi.]  Thence 

south  to  Weldon, 

Golddooro&nA  Wilmington],  where  Ealeigh  and  Gas- 
ton road  IS  taken, -and  by  Eidgeimy  Junction;  to 
Ealeigh,  capdal  of  the  State  of  North  Carolina 
on  the  Neuse  Eiver,  and  named  after  Sir  Walter 
Ealeigh.  ^ It  has  an  imposing  State  House,  hand- 
some Union  Square,  State  Lunatic  Asylum  and  many 
other  object  of  interest.  From  Ealeigh;  by  the 
f^OTth  Carolina  and  Wilmington  roads,  to 
Wilmington,  on  the  Cape  Fear  Eiver,  largest  and 
,.*ief  commercial  city  of  the  State,  with  steamers  to 
-Vew  Tork;^  extensive  exports  of  naval  stores;  some 
Tood  public  buildings;  Forts  and  Caswell 

Lbombarded  during  the  war),  etc.  Wilmington,  by 
Mlumbia  and  Augusta  road  to  Florence;  thence  by 
I North-eastern  road  to  ’ ^ 

Charleston,  principal  city  of  South  Carolina, 


190 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


and  one  of  the  leading  sea-ports  of  the  South  [may 
be  reached  by  steamer  direct  from  New  York],  as 
well  as  especially  celebrated  as  having  been  the  spot 
at  which  the  first  fighting  of  the  secession  occurred, 
and  for  a long  time  the  stronghold  of  the  Confede- 
rates and  object  of  Federal  siege.  It  lies  at  the 
confluence  of  the  Ashley  and  Cooper  rivers,  has  a 
fine  harbor,  and  very  strong  fortifications,  in  Forts 
Moultrie,  Castle  Pinckney,  etc.,  and  also  the  ruins  of 
the  celebrated  Fort  Sumter,  It  has  many  good  pub- 
lic buildings,  though  many  were  destroyed  during 
the  war,  from  which  the  city  is  only  slowly  recover- 
iag.  Among  the  most  interesting  buildings  are  the 
Old  State  House  (now  Court  House),  New  Custom 
House,  City  Hall,  Orphan  Asylum,  St  MichaeVs 
Church  (with  fine  old  tower).  Charleston  College,  etc. 
Principal  Public  Ground:  the  Battery,  at  the  har- 
bor-side. Principal  Cemetery:  Magnolia  Cemetery, 
considered  the  finest  in  the  South.  Leading  Hotels: 
the  Charleston,  Mills  House  and  Pavilion,  [Near 
connection  south-westward,  by  Charleston  and  Sa- 
vannah road,  to 

Savannah,  principal  town  of  the  State  of  Georgia, 
on  south  bank  of  the  Savannah  River,  with  remark- 
ably wide  streets,  fine  shade,  many  notable  public 
buildings,  revolutionary  and  secession  reminiscences, 
and  considered  one  of  the  healthiest  of  the  Southern 
cities.  Principal  Hotels:  the  Sereven,  Pulaski, 
and  Marshall,  Connection  from  Savannah  south- 
westward  to  Tallahassee  and  other  towns  of  Florida.] 


ROUTE  NO.  1^.- SOUTH-WESTERN 


191 


From  Charleston,  by  South  Carolina  road,  by 
Branchville  and  Kingsville,  to 

Columbia,  capital  of  South  Carolina,  beautifully 
situated  on  the  Congaree  river,  with  what  is  consid- 
ered the  handsomest  Slate- Capitol  in  the  Union,  the 
South  Carolina  College,  and  many  other  attractions, 
though  burned  during  the  war,  and  only  partially 
recovered.  Leading  Hotel : Nickerson's.  From  Co- 
lumbia, by  Columbia  and  Augusta  road,  to 

Augusta,  important  town  of  Georgia,  and  second 
in  the  State  ; on  the  Savannah  Kiver,  with  Powder 
and  Cotton  Factories,  a large  U.  S.  Arsenal  in  the 
neighborhood,  handsome  City  Hall,  and  many  at- 
tractions as  a residence.  Leading  Hotels  : the  Au- 
gusta and  Planters'.  From  Augusta,  westward,  by 
the  Georgia  road,  to 

Atlanta,  capital  of  the  State  of  Georgia,  lying  at 
the  intersection  of  the  Georgia  road  west,  the  At- 
lantic road  southward  from  Chattanooga  and  Nash- 
ville, the  Macon  road  south  to  Macon,  &c. ; and  with 
a certain  other  interest  in  its  siege  during  the  war, 
and  as  the  point  of  departure  of  Sherman,  on  his 
March  to  the  Sea.”  Hotel : the  Kimball.  From 
Atlanta,  by  Atlanta  and  West  Point  and  Montgom- 
ery and  West  Point  roads,  by  West  Point,  to 

Montgomery,  capital  of  Alabama,  and  for  a time 
; the  seat  of  the  Confederate  Government,  before  re- 
moval to  Eichmond.  It  lies  on  the  Alabama  river, 
has  a commanding  site,  a Capitol  worthy  of  atten- 
tion, and  many  other  good  buildings,  though  having 


192 


SEOBT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


several  times  suffered  severely  by  fire.  Prominent 
Hotels  : the  Central  and  Exchange,  From  Mont- 
gomery south-westward,  by  Mobile  and  Montgomery 
road,  by  Pollard  (Junction  ; railway  connection  to 
Pensacola,  handsome  town  on  Pensacola  Bay,  near 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  with  fine  harbor,  U.  S.  Naval 
Station,  etc.^ — leading  Hotels  : Bedell,  Winter  and 
SL  Mary's  Hall)*,  to 

Mobile,  on  the  Bay  of  the  same  name,  branch  of 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  It  is  the  most  important  sea- 
port of  Alabama,  and,  in  spite  of  bad  navigation,  the 
second  of  the  great  cotton  ports  of  the  Gulf.  It 
has  few  public  buildings  of  interest,  but  fine  water- 
views,  extensive  fortifications,  and  a romantic  his- 
toric interest  as  the  scene  of  Parragut’s  fearful  “ pas- 
sage of  the  Forts,”  and  lashing  himself  in  the  shrouds 
of  his  vessel  in  the  midst  of  their  fire.  [Communi- 
cation by  steamers  and  sailing  vessels,  to  New  Or- 
leans, Galveston,  and  many  other  ports  on  the  Gulf.] 
Leading  Hotel : the  Battle  House,  From  Mobile,  by 
Mobile  and  Texas  road,  to 

New  Orleans,  largest  city  of  the  State  of  Loui- 
siana, and  first  cotton  port  of  the  South,  as  well  as 
entrepot  for  products  coming  down  the  Mississippi 
Biver,  of  which  it  lies  at  near  the  debouchure  into 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  New  Orleans,  familiarly  called 
the  ‘'Crescent  City,”  from  its  shape  on  the  river, 
used  also  to  be  called  the  “Paris  of  America,”  and 
has  not  quite  lost  all  the  characteristics  of  gaietj 
bestowing  the  name.  It  lies  on  land  lower  than  the 


UTE  m.  lo.-^soum-WEsrEitJsr. 


193 


river,  rendering  necessary  a great  embankment,  call- 
ed the  Levee,  which  also  supplies  both  v/harves  and 
promenades,  along  which  may  be  seen  the  most 
marked  features  of  the  city.  Among'the  later  nota- 
ble events  connected,  were  another  “ passing  of  the 
Forts,”  below  {Forls  Jackson  and  St,  Philip),  by 
Admiral  Farragut,  and  the  occupation  of  the  city  by 
the  somewhat-unpopular  commandant,  Gen.  B.  F. 
Butler.  Among  the  most  important  buildings  are 
the  Custom  House,  Canal  Street,  one  of  the  largest  in 
America  ; the  TJ.  S.  Branch  Mint  ; the  City  Hall ; 
Odd  Felloivs'  Hall  ; Masonic  Roll ; Merchants'  Ex- 
change ; U,  S.  Marine  Hospital,  etc.  It  has  many  fine 
churches,  with  the  Eoman  Catholic  Cathedral  of  SL 
Louis  the  most  prominent ; and  of  its  public  grounds 
the  most  notable  are  the  New  City  Park,  Lafayette 
Square,  Jackson  Square,  etc..  Most  attractive  Ceme- 
teries : Cypress  Grove,  Greenwood,  and  Monument 
(soldier's).  There  are  two  Monuments  of  interest : 
the  Clay,  on  Canal  Street,  and  the  Jackson  (unfin- 
ished) on  the  Battle-field,  below  the  city.  One  of 
the  most  interesting  features  of  New  Orleans  is  to 
be  found  in  the  Markets,  which  should  be  visited 
early  in  the  morning,  not  only  to  observe  the  im- 
mense variety  of  articles  on  sale,  but  the  negro,  half- 
Spanish  and  half-French  characters  of  dealers  and 
customers.  Principal  Theatres  : the  Opera  House, 
St.  Charles;  Varieties  and  Academy  of  Music.  Prom- 
inent Hotels:  the  St.  Charles,  St.  Louis,  St.  James, 
and  City.  Excursions  may  be  made  to  the  Battle- 


194 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


field,  scene  of  Gen.  Jackson’s  victory  over  Sir  Ed- 
mund Pakenham,  Jan.  8th,  1815,  four  or  five  miles 
below  the  city  ; to  the  TJ.  S,  Barrachs,  a little  above  ; 
to  Lake  Poncharlrain,  above  the  city  (famous  for  fish- 
ing and  shooting,  in  the  season);  to  the  Delta  and 
the  3Iouths  of  the  Mississippi,  some  twenty-five  miles 
below. 

[New  Orleans  has  regular  communication,  by 
steamer,  to  New  Yoke  ; to  Havana  (Cuba)  ; to  GaU 
veston  (Texas)  ; and  nearly  all  important  Gulf  ports. 
Also  by  steamer  up  the  Mississippi,  to  Memphis, 
Cairo,  St.  Louis,  and  all  important  towns  on  that 
river.  Also  by  rail,  by  Jackson  (Miss.)  to  Memphis  ; 
and  thence  to  all  towns  and  cities  in  the  North, 
North-east  or  North-west. 


r 


ROUTE  NO.  n. -SOUTH-WESTERN  {SKELETON.) 


WASHINGTON  OR  RICHMOND,  BY  LYNCHBURG, 
KNOXVILLE  AND  CHATTANOOGA,  TO 
MOBILE  AND  NEW  ORLEANS. 

Washington  by  rail,  by  Alexandria ; and  by 
Orange,  Alexandria  and  Manassas  road  (by  Manassas 
Junction)  to  Charlottesville  (Junction — connection 
westward  to  Staunton,  etc.)  ; thence  direct  to  Lynch- 
burg. Or,  Kichmond  by  South  Side  road  to  Burke- 
ville  (Junction — intersection  with  Richmond  and 
Danville  road,  southward)  ; thence  direct  by  Appo- 
mattox, and  other  stations,  to 

Lynchburg,  on  the  James  River,  and  the  James 
River  and  Kanawha  Canal — important  tobacco-depot 
and  flourishing  town.  [Most  convenient  railway 
point,  from  which  to  reach,  by  canal-packet  or  car- 
riage, those  great  natural  curiosities,  the  Natural 
Bridge  and  the  (Mountain)  Peaks  of  Otter.']  From 
Lynchburg,  by  Virginia  and  Tennessee  road,  by 
BonsacPs  [stage  connection  to  Natural  Bridge, 
Lexington,  &c.]  ; Big  Tunnel  [passage  of  the  Alle- 
gheny Mountains  ; horse-car  connection  to  Alle- 
gheny Springs]  ; Bristol,  and  other  stations,  to 
Knoxville,  important  town  of  the  State  of  Ten- 
nessee, on  the  Holston  River,  with  the  University  of 


196 


BEORT^TBIP  GUIDE, 


East  Tennessee,  many  railway  connections,  and  much 
popularity  as  a place  of  residence.  Knoxville  to 
Chattanooga,  on  the  Tennessee  river,  near  the 
boundaries  of  Alabama  and  Georgia,  and  one  of  the 
most  important  railway  centres  of  the  south-west ; 
but  additionally  celebrated,  since  the  war,  for  the 
battles  of  Chiclcamauga  and  Lookout  Mountain, 
fought  in  the  immediate  neighborhood.  In  the 
vicinity  of  the  Lookout  (easily  visited  from  Chatta- 
nooga,) is  to  be  found  scenery  of  equal  grandeur  and 
loveliness.  Hotel : the  Crutchfield  House.  Chatta- 
nooga, by  the  Alabama  and  Chattanooga  road,  by 
Tuscaloosa  and  other  important  stations,  to 
Meridian,  railway  town  of  the  State  of  Mississippi, 
[with  connections  east  to  Montgomery,  west  to  Jack- 
son  (capital  of  the  State),  north  to  Memphis,  etc.] 
From  Meridian,  by  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  road,  direct 
to  Mobile  and  New  Orleans,  as  in  Route  No.  10. 


ROUTE  No,  Wi-SOUTHERN  iSEMhSKELETON.) 


BALTIMORE  (bY  WASHINGTON  AND  RICHMOND)  TO 
WELDON,  WILMINGTON,  CHARLESTON, 
SAVANNAH,  THE  FLORIDA 
RESORTS,  ETC. 

Leave  Baltimore,  by  Baltimore  and  Obio,  or  Balti- 
more and  Potomac  route  (see  Koute  No.  9,  p,  171, 
&c.),  to  "Washingtoh  (see  p.  172).  Prom  Washing- 
ton, by  Baltimore  and  Potomac  Railroad,  and  con- 
nections, by  Fredericksburg  (see  p.  185),  Richmond 
(see  p.  186),  Petersburg  (see  p.  189Z),  to 

Weldon,  town  of  some  importance,  of  North  Caro- 
lina. At  Weldon,  connection  by  the  Seaboard  and 
Roanoke  Railroad,  to  Norfolk  and  the  steamboat 
line  on  the  Chesapeake  Bay  to  Baltimore  for  Wash- 
ington and  the  North.  Also,  at  Weldon,  connection 
by  the  Wilmington  and  Weldon  Railroad,  to 

Wilmington,  chief  commercial  city  of  . the  State  of 
North  Carolina,  and  great  naval  store  depot,  on  Cape 
Pear  River  (see  Route  No.  10).  Prom  Wilmington 
by  Plorence  to  Columbia,  capital  of  South  Carolina, 
by  the  Wilmington,  Columbia  and  Augusta  Railway 
(see  p.  191)  ; and  by  brief  connecting  road,  to  Au- 
gusta, Georgia  (see  p.  191.)  Prom  Augusta,  brief 
ride  to  AiJcen,  celebrated  health-resort  of  South  Caro- 
lina, enjoying  remarkable  freedom  from  cold  winds 


1966 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIBE. 


of  the  Atlantic  slope.  From  Augusta  by  the  Cen- 
tral Georgia  Kailroad,  to  Savannah  (see  p.  190).  Or, 
with  return  from  Augusta  or  Columbia  to  Florence, 
rail  on  North-eastern  Eailroad  to  Chaeleston  (see  p. 
189^),  and  by  the  Savannah  and  Charleston  Eailroad 
to  Savannah  (see  p.  190). 

From  Charleston,  for  Florida,  by  boat,  every  Fri- 
day and  Saturday  evening,  touching  at  Savannah. 
Thence  to  Fernandina,  Jacksonville,  St.  John  s River 
ports,  and  to  Palatka.  Or  from  Savannah  by  boat, 
as  in  connection. 

From  Savannah  (all  rail),  rail  on  the  Atlantic  and 
Gulf,  and  Jacksonville,  Pensacola  and  Mobile  roads, 
to  Jacksonville.  Branch  rail,  Jacksonville  to  Fer- 
nandina. 

For  Tallahassee,  St.  Marks,  and  Apalachicola,  rail 
on  Atlantic  and  Gulf  road  from  Savannah  ; or  on 
Jacksonville,  Pensacola  and  Mobile  road,  from  Jack- 
sonville. 

For  Pensacola  (and  for  Mobile),  rail  as  for  Talla- 
hassee, &c. 

For  Cedar  Keys,  rail  on  Florida  road,  from  Fer- 
nandina, or  from  Jacksonville. 

For  St.  Augustine,  daily  morning  boat  up  the  St. 
John’s  Piver  from  Jacksonville,  landing  at  Tocoi— 
thence  St.  John’s  Eailroad,  about  one  hour.  The 
same  steamer,  from  Jacksonville,  for  Mandarin,  Hi- 
hernia,  Magnolia,  Green  Cove  Springs,^  Picolata,  and 
Palatka;  with  smaller  boats  making  trips  further  up 
the  river  to  Dunn’s  Lake,  Lake  George,  &c. 


ROUTE  NO.  12 -WESTERN. 

NEW  YORK  TO  PHILA.DELPHIA,  HARRISBURG, 
PITTSBURG,  CINCINNATI,  ST.  LOUIS,  CHICAGO, 
ETC.,  BY  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 
AND  CONNECTIONS. 

Division  A. 

NEW  YORK  TO  PHILADELPHIA,  OR  MANTUA 

JUNCTION. 

Leave  New  York  (as  by  Eoute  No.  8)  by  the  Penn- 
sylvania road,  by  Jersey  City,  Newark,  Elizabeth,  Rah- 
way, New  Brunswick,  Trenton,  etc.,  to  Philadelphia, 
if  for  stop  at  that  city  ; if  for  through  passage  to 
the  West,  without  stop  at  Philadelphia,  New  York 
by  the  same  towns  to  Mantua  Junction,  where  close 
through-connection  is  made. 

Division  B. 

PHILADELPHIA,  OR  MANTUA  JUNCTION,  TO  AND 
AT  HARRISBURG. 

Leave  Philadelphia  (West  Philadelphia),  or  Man- 
tua Junction,  if  without  stop  at  Philadelphia,  by 
rail,  by  the  Pennsylvania  Eailroad ; by  Downing- 
ton  [connection  northward  for  Wayneshurg']  ; by 
Coatesville  [connection  northward  for  Reading,  south- 
ward for  Wilmington'],  etc.  ; to 

Lancaster^  pleasantly  situated  on  the  Conestoga 
Creek,  in  a fine  agrioultural  section  ; seat  of  Franklin 


198 


snOBT-TBIP  GUIDE, 


and  Marshall  College  ; with  Court  House  and  other 
creditable  buildings,  and  interesting  series  of  Canal 
Locks  in  the  neighborhood,  at  mouth  of  the  creek. 
Was  for  some  years,  at  beginning  of  the  century,  the 
seat  of  government  of  Pennsylvania.  Leading  Ho- 
tels : the  City,  and  Michael’s.  Lancaster,  by  Branch 
Intersection  [connection  northvrard  to  Beading, 
southward  for  Colambiu,  York,  etc.],  Mt.  Joy  and 
Middletown,  to 

HAEKisBXJna,  capital  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania, 
on  the  east  bank  of  the  Susquehanna  river  (origi- 
nally '^Harris’  Ferry’'  over  that  river).  The  most 
notable  building  is  the  Capitol,  on  high  ground, 
with  fine  view  from  the  dome,  with  State  Library, 
Legislative  Chambers,  etc.  Also  should  be  visited, 
the  Court  House ; the  Old  Harris  Mansion  ; and 
some  of  the  extensive  Iron  and  Steel  Works  in  the 
vicinity ; as  well  the  Susquehanna  river  and  some 
of  the  bridges  spanning  it- — one  of  them  very  old, 
and  showing  a remarkably  high  arch.  Principal 
street  ; Front  Street.  Principal  Public  Ground  ; 
Harris  Park.  Prominent  Hotels  ; the  Lochiel, 
Jones  House,  and  Bolton's.  [Important  railway  con- 
nections from  Harrisburg  : by  Lebanon  Valley  road, 
east  to  Lebanon  and  Beading  ; by  Northern  Central 
road,  southeast  to  Baltimore,  etc.  : by  the  same 
road  northward  to  Elmira  and  the  Erie  Eailway  and 
its  connections  : by  Cumberland  Valley  road,  south- 
westward  for  Carlisle,  Chambershurg^  etc.  ; by  Phila- 
delphia and  Erie  road,  northwestward  for  Williams- 
port^ Corry,  Erie  and  Oil  Eegions.] 


noXTTE  NO.  1^^.— WESTERN. 


199 


Division  C. 

nAERlSBURa  TO  AND  AT  PITTSBURG,  WitEELIN'O,  ETC. 

From  Harrisburg,  continuing  by  Pennsylvania 
Central  road  ; by  Lewistoivn  [connection  northward 
for  Milroy^  northeastward  for  S unbury,  etc.]  ; by 
Tyrone  [connection  northeastward  to  Loch  Haven 
and  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie  road,  northwest  to 
Clearfield,  etc.]  ; by  Huntington,  etc.,  to 

Altoona,  at  the  commencement  of  the  ascent  of 
the  Allegheny  Mountains  ; great  locomotive-shop 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Central  Company  ; and  sur- 
rounded by  magnificent  mountain-scenery,  making 
a sojourn  very  pleasant  in  summer.  Hotel  : the 
Logan  Rouse.  [Spur  southward  to  Martinsburg, 
and  stage  thence  to  Bedford  Springs.']  Prom  Al- 
toona should  be  made,  by  daylight,  to  enjoy  the  fine 
scenery,  the 

Baihvay  ascent  of  the  Alleghenies,  with  features 
quite  as  grand  as  most  of  the  Alpine  rail-routes, 
and  double  • power  necessary  in  drawing  up  the 
trains.  An  immense  nearly  .three-quarters 

of  a mile  in  length,  is  passed  through  before  reach- 
ing the  summit,  at 

i Ckesson  (Cresson  Springs),  a popular  summer- 
resort,  on  account  of  its  elevation  and  healthful 
jair.  Hotel  : the  Mountain  House.  [Spur  north- 
ward to  Ebensburg.']  From  Cresson  the  descent  of  the 
Alleghenies  is  made,  without  the  use  of  steam,  the 
' speed  being  regulated  by  br^ke-power ; to  Gonemaugh 
\ hLation;  and  to  Johnstown,  with  the  extensive  Cam- 


200 


BHOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


bria  IronWorks  in  the  neighborhood,  and  heavy  man- 
ufactures. Hotel : the  Scott  House.  From  Johns- 
town, by  Blairsville  [connection  northward  for  In- 
diana, northwestward  to  Freeport  and  points  on  Al- 
legheny Valley  road]  ; by  Oreensburg,  etc.,  to 

PiTTSBUKG,  at  the  confluence  of  the  Allegheny 
and  Monongahela  rivers  (forming  the  commence- 
ment of  the  Ohio)  ; and  on  the  spot  once  occupied 
by  old  Fort  Duquesne  ; with  Braddock’s  Field,  of 
the  French  war,  in  the  near  vicinity.  Very  exten- 
sive manufactures  are  carried  on,  in  Pittsburg,  in 
Allegheny  City  (across  the  Allegheny,  and  connected 
by  fine  bridges),  in  Birmingham  (similarly  situated 
across  the  Monongahela,  with  bridges),  Lawrence- 
ville,  and  other  suburbs — in  iron,  glass,  steel,  brass, 
wooden-ware,  and  many  other  industries.  It  is  also 
a great  coal  and  oil  centre,  and  has  the  smokiest 
atmosphere  in  America. 

In  addition  to  the  Manufactories  and  the  exten- 
sive Railway  Buildings,  other  objects  of  interest 
will  be  found  in  the  Levee  (wharves)  on  the  Monon- 
gahela; the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  boats  loading  there, 
with  many  peculiarities  for  the  stranger ; the  In- 
clined Railway  up  Mount  Washington,  across  the 
Monongahela,  whence  a fine  view  of  the  city  may 
be  commanded,  etc.  Among  prominent  public 
and  other  buildings  will  be  noticed  the  Roman 
Catholic  Cathedral ; Presbyterian  and  Baptist 
Churches  ; Court  House ; Custom  House ; (with 
Post  Office)  ; new  City  Hall ; Mercantile  Library 
Hall^  etc. ; and  in  Allegheny  City,  the  Theological 


nOUTE  NO.  Vi.--WE8TEBN. 


201 


Seminaries,  Western  Penitentiary,  etc.,  and  more 
elegant  residences  of  the  citizens.  There  are  no 
less  than  four  Cemeteries  : the  Allegheny  ; St. 
Mary's;  Hilldale ; and  Mt.  Union.  Leading  Ho- 
tels : the  Monongahela,'  Union,  St.  Charles,  and 
Merchants'. 

(Railway  connections  from  Pittsburg  are  very 
general.  Northward,  by  the  Allegheny  Valley  road, 
to  Venango,  Oil  City,  and  the  Oil  Regions  generally  ; 
eastward  by  route  just  traversed  ; westward,  to  places 
named,  by  the  Pittsburg,  Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis 
and  Pittsburg,  Port  Wayne  and  Chicago  roads  ; 
northwestward  to  Cleveland,  by  Cleveland  and  Pitts- 
burg road  ; and  to  Erie  by  the  Erie  and  Pittsburg 
road  ; southeastward  to  Cumberland,  Harper's  Ferry, 
etc.,  by  the  Pittsburg  and  Baltimore  and  Washing- 
ton road.  There  is  also  steamboat  communication, 
down  the  Ohio  river  to  Wheeling  and  thence  to 
Oincinnaii,  during  the  open  season.] 

Prom  Pittsburg,  by  Cleveland  and  Pittsburg 
road,  a visit  may  be  paid  to 

AVheelino,  West  Virginia,  a large  and  important 
town,  lying  at  a debouchure  of  Wheeling  Creek 
into  the  Ohio  River — with  manufactures  of  the  same 
character  as  those  of  Pittsburg,  only  second  to  them 
in  extent.  Apart  from  its  Manufactures,  the  two 
greatest  points  of  interest  are  the  Wire  Suspension 
Bridge  of  the  National  Road,  with  1,000  feet  of  span  ; 
and  the  new  and  splendid  Bailway  Bridge.  Oil  and 
coal  trade  also  immense,  as  at  Pittsburg.  [Railway 
i connection  southeastward  by  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 


203 


SHOBT^TEIP  QTIIBE, 


road  to  Harpers  Ferry,  Baltimore  and  Washington 
eastward  to  Pittsburg  and  nortiiwestward  to  Cleve- 
land and  Lake  Erie,  by  the  Cleveland  and  Pittsburg 
road.  Or,  by  Baltimore  and  Ohio  road,  from 
Wheeling  by  Belle  Air ; and  Zanesville,  thriving 
and  handsome  town  on  the  Muskingum  Kiver, 
with  immense  water-power  and  fine  railroad-bridge 
— [connection  south  west  ward,  by  Cincinnati  and 
Muskingum  Valley  road,,  to  Cincinnati):  to  NeivarJc, 
Columbus,  etc.  Steamboat  communication  to  Pitts- 
burg, and  down  the  Ohio  to  Cincinnati  during  the 
open  season.  Hempfield  railway  will  connect  di- 
rectly to  Pittsburg  when  completed.] 

Division  D. 

PITTSBURG  TO  ANJL)  AT  COLUMBUS,  OHIO. 

From  Pittsburg,  by  rail,  on  the  Pittsburg,  Cin- 
cinnati and  St.  Louis  road  (or  from  Wheeling  by 
rail  to  same  point)  ; by 

Steubenville,  pleasant  village  on  the  Ohio  river, 
county  seat  of  Jefferson  County,  with  many  manu- 
factures and:  fine  scenery?’  in  the  neighborhood  ; by 
Mingo  Junction  [connection  northwestward  to  Cleve- 
land, eastward  to  Bochester,  etc.]  ; by  Dennison, 
Coshocton,  Dresden  Junction  [connection  south 
to  Zanesville,  etc.]  ; to 

Newark,  handsome  and  thriving  town  on  the 
Licking  river,  withi  extensive  railway  connections  : 
roads  to  Sandusky  and  Lake  Erie,  to  Zanesville  and* 
the  south,  intersecting.  From  Newark  to 

Columbus,  on  the  Scioto  Kiver,  capital  of  the 


HOVTE  m 1%-WBSTEm. 


state  of  Ohio,  and  one  of  the  most  important  towns 
the  State.  It  is  beautifally  laid  out  and  very 
handsomely  shaded  ; Eroadimjf,  its  main  street, 
being  considered  unsurpassed.  The  Capiiol,  on  the 
elegant  public  ground,  Capitol  Square,  has  fine 
<5hambers,  good  sculptures  and  pictures  ,•  and 
there  are,  of  other  public  buildings  of  interest, 
the  City  Hall ; TJ.  8.  Arsenal,  with  fine  high 
grounds  ; State  Penitentiary ; Genital  Ohio  Lunatic 
Asylum  (building-,  in  place  of  that  burned  in  1868)  ; 
Blind  and  Deaf  and  Dumb  Asylums  ; Starling 
Medical  College;  St.  Marys  Female  Seminary,  etc. 
Also  worthy  of  attention  are  the  Holly  Walet' 
Works,  with  steam  raising-power.  Other  Public 
Grounds  than  the  one  already  named,  and  the  fine 
ones  surrounding  most  of  the  public  buildings  : the 
and  Goodale  Parks,  and  those  of  ihie  Franlclin 
Agricultural  Society.  Most  popular  Cemetery  : 
Green  Lawn.  Theatre  : the  Opera  House.  Hotel  : 
the  Hell  House.  [Railway  connections  extensive  : 
eastward  by  the  route  just  traversed  ; northward  by 
the  Cleveland,  Columbus,  Cincinnati,  and  Indian- 
apolis I’oad,  to  Toledo,  G<eceland,  etc.  ; south-west- 
ward io  Cincinnati  (as  see  route  following)  ; south- 
eastward to  Atliens  and  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
road,  etc.] 

Division  E. 

COLUMBUS  TO  AND  AT  CiNCm^TATL 

Prom  Columbus,  by  the  Little  Miami  road  ; by 
London ; by  Xenia^  very  handsome  town,  with 


204 


SnOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


•water-power  and  manufactures  on  the  Little 
Miami  river  [connection  westward  for  Dayton  and 
Richmond];  by  Morrow,  [connection  east  with  the 
Cincinnati  and  Muskingum  Yalley  road]  ; by  Love- 
land, [connection  east  by  the  Marietta  and  Cincin- 
nati road,  for  Marietta,  and  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
road]  ; to 

Cincinnati,  on  the  Ohio  river,  called  the  “Queen 
City,”  principally  built  upon  two  terraces  sloping 
back  from  the  river  ; while  opposite  it,  and  divided 
from  it  by  the  Ohio  river,  are  the  large  towns 
of  Newport  and  Covington,  in  the  State  of  Ken- 
tucky ; with  Newport  Barracks,  important  U.  S. 
military  station,  on  the  river  bank,  near  the  former. 
Cincinnati  has  also  heavy  commerce  and  important 
manufactures. 

Among  the  public  buildings  of  prominence  are 
the  Custom  House  (with  Post  Office  attached),  on 
Fourth  Street  ; the  City  Hall  (with  neat  grounds), 
Plum  Street  ; the  Court  House,  Main  Street ; Cin- 
cinnati College,  Walnut  Street ; St.  Xavier's  College 
(Catholic),  Sycamore  Street  ; Convent  of  Notre  Dame, 
Sixth  Street  ; House  of  Refuge,  north  of  the  city ; 
City  Workhouse,  near  the  latter  ; Cincinnati  Hos- 
pital, Twelfth  Street  ; etc.  Principal  Churches  : 
St.  John's  (Epis.)  ; St.  Paul's  (Meth.  Epis.)  ; First 
Baptist ; St.  Peter's  Cathedral  (Catholic)  ; First 
Presbyterian,  etc.,  though  with  many  others  credit- 
able. Places  of  Amusement  : the  National  and 
Wood's  Theatres ; Pike's  Music  Hall ; Melodeon  ; 
Gymnasium  \ Queen  City  Skating  Rink,  etc.  Prom* 


EOJITE  m,  \2.^WESTEBN. 


205 


inent  Hotels  : the  Burnet,  Spencer,  Gibson,  SL  James, 
Carlisle,  eta 

Public  Grounds  : Eden  Parle,  east  of  the  city, 
elevated  and  with  view.  Fountain  Square,  with 
magnificent  bronze  fountain  lately  presented  by  Mr. 
Henry  Probasco ; City,  Lincoln,  Washington,  and 
Hopkins  Parks.  Cemeteries  : Spring  Grove,  one  of 
the  handsomest  in  the  West,  northwest  of  the  city, 
with  s]Dlendid  avenues  of  approach,  and  a fine  sol- 
diers’ monument ; St.  Bernard,  Wesleyan,  and  others 
minor.  Other  Objects  of  Interest : the  great  Sus- 
pension Bridge  over  the  Ohio,  with  longest  span  in 
the  world  ; the  Licking  Bridge,  also  a suspension, 
and  only  less  remarkable  in  length  ; the  Bailroad 
Bridge  (new)  ; remains  of  entrenchments  thrown  up 
during  the  Confederate  siege  ” ; the  Levee,  along 
the  river,  with  steamboat-landings  and  a very  fine 
idea  of  the  industry  of  the  city  ; steamboat-building- 
yards  ; and  many  of  the  very  extensive  Manufac- 
tories, with  diversified  products. 

[Railway  connections:  eastward,  by  route  just  trav- 
ersed— also,  by  Marietta  and  Cincinnati,  and  Chesa- 
peake and  Ohio  roads  to  Richmond,  etc.  : north- 
eastward, by  the  Little  Miami  and  other  roads,  to 
Cleveland,  Sandusky,  etc. ; northward,  by  Cincinnati, 
Hamilton  and  Dayton  road,  to  Toledo;  northwest- 
ward, by  same  road  and  connections,  to'  Chicago  ; 
westward,  by  Ohio  and  Mississippi  road,  by  Vin- 
cennes to  St.  Louis  and  the  Mississippi  river. 

Also,  steamboat  transit  on  the  Ohio  river,  to  all 
points  on  that  stream,  to  Cairo  and  the  Mississippi] 


SnOET-TEIP  GUIDE. 


Division  F, 

PITTSBURG  TO  AND  AT  ST.  LOUIS. 

Pittsburg  to  Columbus  and  Cincinnati,  as  by 
route  preceding.- 

Leave  Cincinnati  by  tbe  Indianapolis,  Cincinnati 
and  Lafayette  road,-  by  Delhi,  North  Bend,  Valley’ 
Junction  [connection  with  White  Water  Yalley 
Eailroad],  Laivrenceburg,  [connection  with  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  road,,  for  Yincennes^  etc.,]  Morris-,, 
Greensbury,  Sheltyville^  [connection  with  Jefferson- 
ville road,  south  for  Louisville,  etc.,]  to 

Ikdianapolis,  capital  and  largest  town  of  the. 
State  of  Indiana,  lying  on  the  White  river;  in  a very 
fertile  plain,  with  heavy  manufactures,  and  sup- 
plying one  of  the  most  noted  railroad  centres  of  the 
West.  It  is  also  celebrated  for  its  school  system; 
has  an  imposing  but  old  State  House,  on  Washing- 
ton Street;  State  Lunatic  Asylum,  Institute  for  the 
Blind,  United  States  Arsenal,  Northwestern  Chris-^ 
tian  Universilyy  a very  large  Union  Depot,  an  Acad-- 
emy  of  AIusu,  etc.  Prominent  Hotels : Bates  House 
and  Mason  House.  [Railway  connections,  as  before 
indicated,  universal] 

From  Indianapolis,  by  the  St.  Louis,  Yandalia 
and  Terre  Plaute  road,  by  Greencastle,  to 

Terre.  Haute,  very  handsome  town  on  Harrison 
Prairie  and  the  Wabash  river,  and  also  on  the 
Wabash  and  Erie  Canal,  and  with  extensive  railway 
connections.  It  is  degantly  shaded,,  has  many  noble 


ROUTE  NO,  1^.— WESTERN 


205& 


i^^sidences,  St  Mary^s  Seminary  (Catholic),  the  Stale 
Normal  School,  and  a handsome  Opera  House.  It  is 
also  largely  engaged  in  manufactures,  forging,  etc. 
Hotel : the  Terre  Haute  House  (with  a wonderful 
echo  near  it,  excelling  any  other  known  in  the  world 
in  the  number  of  repetitions.) 

Terre  Haute  by  Marshall  and  Greenup,  to  Effing- 
ham [connections  north  to  Chicago,  south  to  Gairo^ 
etc.,  by  branch  of  the  Illinois  Central  road]  ; to 

Vandalia,  on  the  Kaskaskia  river,  thriving  town 
and  once  capital  of  the  State  of  Indiana.  [Connec- 
tions north  to  Bloomington  and  Chicago,  south  to 
Cairo,  etc.,  by  main  line  of  the  Illinois  Central  road.] 
Vandalia,  by  Greenville,  Highland^  etc.,  to  East  St. 
Louis,  and 

St.  Louis.  [See  page  221.] 

Division  G. 

PITTSBURGH  BY  FORT  WAYNE  TO  CHICAGO. 

[See  Koute  13 — pages  209  to  211 ; also  same  route, 
pages  212  to  216,  for 

Chicago.] 


ROUTE  NO.  13 --WESTERN. 

N’EW  YORK  TO  EASTON  (PA.),  HARRISBURO,  PITTS- 
BURG, FORT  WAYNE  AND  CHICAGO  ; BY  THE 
ALLENTOWN  ROUTE. 

Division  A. 

NEW  YORK  TO  EASTON,  HARRISBURG  AND  PITTS- 
BURG. 

Leave  New  York,  by  boats  of  New  Jersey  Central 
Railroad,  from  foot  of  Liberty  Street  to  Gommuni- 
paw  (lower  Jersey  City)  ; thence  by  the  cars  of  that 
road,  by  Bergen  Point,  and  over  Long  Bridge  across 
Newark  Bay  ; to  Elizahethport  (station — at  the  left 
the  town  and  great  coal  depot  of  that  name)  ; and  to 
Elizabeth  [intersection  with  New  Jersey  road,  east- 
ward to  New  Yoke,  and  westward  to  Philadelphia  : 
See  Route  No.  8,  New  York  to  Philadelphia],  Eliza- 
beth, by  other  stations,  to 

Plainfield,  pleasant  village  and  favorite  summer- 
residence,  lying  at  near  the  foot  of  the  Orange 
Mountains,  a minor  spur  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and 
with  a remarkable  eminence  at  a short  distance  to 
the  north,  called  ‘^Washington’s  Rock,”  from  w^hich 
that  general  is  said  sometimes  to  have  watched  the 
movements  of  the  British  forces.  By  Bound-Brooh, 
on  the  Raritan  River,  and  at  the  opening  of  the  Valley 
of  the  same  name,  to 


BOUTE  NO,  lS,--WESTEEJSr. 


207 


Somerville,  county  seat  of  Somerset  County, 
very  handsomely  situated,  witii  fine  quiet  scenery 
in  the  neighborhood,  some  copper  and  iron  mines, 
and  much  general  prosperity.  [Connection  by 
South  Branch  Eoad  to  Flemington  and  Lamberiville.'] 
By  other  stations  to  the 

High  Bridge^  (or  rather  very  long  and  high 
banJcment)  over  the  South  Branch  of  the  Karitan 
Kiver,  with  fine  view  in  crossing,  and  large  Iron- 
Works  in  the  neighborhood,  for  railroad-founding. 
Very  soon  is  reached 

Hampton  Junction  [connection  with  the  Delaware, 
Lackawanna  and  Western  Eailway,  for  the  Delaware 
Water  Gap,  Scranton,  the  Coal  Eegions  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  the  Erie  road  at  Binghampton.]  By 
Bloomsbury  and  other  stations,  to 

Philipsburo,  on  the  New  Jersey  side  of  the  Dela- 
ware, with  heavy  iron-manufactures,  and  three 
bridges  connectiug  it  with  Easton,  on  the  opposite 
side  of  the  river.  Also  with  important  railway  con- 
nections, for  Central  New  Jersey,  Philadelphia,  and 
northward  to  the  Delaware  Water  Gap  and  the 
Coal  Eegions.  Crossing  the  river  by  bridge,  the 
train  reaches 

Easton,  Pennsylvania,  on  the  western  bank  of 
the  Delaware,  at  the  double  junction  of  the  Lehigh 
and  the  Bushkill,  and  one  of  the  most  important  of 
the  coal  and  railway  centres  of  the  two  adjoining 
States,  with  extensive  mills,  distilleries  and  general 
manufactures.  It  is  also  the  seat  (on  an  eminence 


208 


SHORT TEIP  GUIDE. 


known  as  Monnfc  Lafayette,  at  the  east  of  the  town) 
of  Lafayette  College,  a flourishing  and  well-endowed 
institution,  rapidly  growing  in  influence.  [Exten- 
sive railroad  connection,  apart  from  the  line  of  route 
being  traversed  ; as  in  addition  to  that  mentioned  by 
both  the  New  Jersey  Central  and  the  Delaware  and 
Lackawanna  to  New  York,  it  has  also  connection 
northward  to  the  Water  Gap  and  the  Coal  Kegions  ; 
southward  to  Philadelphia  ; the  Lehigh  Valley 
road  northward  to  Pittston  ; the  Lehigh  Canal  in 
the  same  direction  ; and  the  Morris  Canal  through 
the  State  of  New  Jersey  to  Raritan  Bay.] 

Leave  Easton  by  Lehigh  Valley  road  ; by  Bethle- 
hem:, pleasant  town  on  the  Lehigh  river ; seat  of 
Lehigh  University  ; and  long  celebrated  as  the  prin- 
cipal abode  of  the  Moravians,  or  United  Brethren, 
in  the  United  States.  [Connection  southward  with 
North  Pennsylvania  road  for  Philadelphia,  and 
northward  for  Scranton  and  the  Coal  Regions.] 
From  Bethlehem,  by  E.  Penn.  Junction  [connec- 
tion with  East  Pennsylvania  road]  ; to 

Allentown,  handsome  town  on  high  ground 
near  the  Lehigh  river,  with  large  iron  and  other 
manufactures,  and  much  charm  as  a residence. 
Has  Big  Rock  and  several  popular  mineral  springs 
in  the  neighborhood.  Hotel:  the  American.  [Con- 
nections, northward  by  the  Lehigh  Valley  road  to 
the  Coal  Regions  and  the  Erie  road ; westward  by 
present  route  to  Reading,  etc.] 

Allentown,  by  East  Pennsylvania  road,  to 


ROUTE  NO.  Id.— WESTERN 


200) 


Eeading,  large  and  important  manufacturing 
town  Qii  the  Schuylkill  river,  especially  notable  for 
mills,  iron-furnaces  and  railroad  work.  It  has  a 
high  and  handsome  sloping  location,  with  a consid- 
erable eminence,  Penns  Maunt,  near,  command- 
ing fine  view.  It  has  a noble  Court  House  ; two  or 
three  Glimxhes  of  especial  beauty  ; and  Mineral 
Springs  in  the  neighborhood,  with  hotels  of  popu- 
lar resort.  Leading  Hotel  (in  the  town),  the  Man- 
sion House.  [Connection,  northward,  to  Cataiuissa 
and  Hazleton  (Coal  Regions),  and  southeast  to  Phil- 
adelphia by  the  Philadelphia  and  Eeading  road.], 
Eeading  to 

Lebanon,  on  the  Swatara  Creek,,  county  seat  of 
Lebanon  County,  and  a prosperous  town,  with  the 
most  immense  (Cornwall)  Iron  Ore  Beds  in  the 
neighborhood,  known  to  exist  in  the  world  ; also 
Copper  Ore  in  large  quantities,  and  Marble.  From 
Lebanon  to 

Harrisburg.  (For  notes  on  Harrisburg,  see  pre- 
vious Route,  No.  12.) 

[Harrisburg  to  Pittsburg,  as  by  Route  No.  12,, 
preceding ; whether  for  Chicago,  Cincinnati,  or  SL 
iouis.'] 

Division  B. 

PITTSBURG  TO  FORT  WAYNE  AND  CHICAGO. 

[At  Pittsburg,  previous  route,  No.  12,  may  be 
pursued,  from  that  point  to  Columbus  and  Cincm- 
nati,  with  extension  to  SL  Louis;  or  other  lines 


210  ' 


SHORT^TRIP  GUIDE, 


pursued  (see  that  route)  northward  to  the  Lakes, 
southward  to  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  road,  etc.] 
Leaving  Pittsburg,  for  Chicago  or  places  on  that 
line,  by  Pittsburg,  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago  road  ; 
by  Rochester  (small  town  on  the  Beaver  Creek — with 
connection  south  westward,  by  Cleveland  and  Pitts- 
burg road,  to  Wheeling  and  West)  ; by  Homewood 
[connection  northward  for  Newcastle,  etc.]  ; by  Lee- 
tonia  [connection  southward  to  New  Lisbon,  etc.]  ; 
by  Salem,  very  handsome  small  town,  with  fine  sub- 
urbs, and  manufactures  ; to 

Alliance,  important  station  [connection  north- 
ward, by  Cleveland  and  Pittsburg  road,  to  Cleveland  ; 
southward  to  Steubenville,  etc.]  From  Alliance,  by 
Canton  and  Massillon,  handsome  manufacturing 
towns  ; by  Orrville  [connection  northward  to  Akron 
and  Cleveland~]  ; by  Mansfield,  another  handsome 
manufacturing  town  [connections  northward  to  San- 
dusky, southward  to  Zanesville,  southwestward  to 
Dayton,  Hamilton  and  Cincinnati]  ; to 

Crestline,  another  important  railway  town.  [Con- 
nections southward  by  the  Cleveland,  Columbus, 
Cincinnati  and  Indianapolis  road,  to  Columbus ; 
northward  by  the  Sandusky  road  to  Sandusky ; 
northeastward  to  Cleveland  by  the  Cleveland,  Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati  and  Indianapolis  road  ; north- 
westward to  Toledo  and  Detroit  by  same  road  and 
connections].  From  Crestline,  by  Bucyrus,  thriving 
village  on  the  Sandusky  Eiver  ; by  Forest  [connec- 
tions north  to  Cleveland  south  to  ; by 


ROUTE  NO.  1^.--WESTEBN. 


211 


Lima,  manufacturing  village  on  the  Ottawa  river 
[connections  southward  by  Cincinnati,  Hamilton 
and  Dayton  road,  to  Dayton  and  Cincinnati  ; north- 
ward by  the  same  road  to  Toledo  and  Detroit]  ; by 
minor  stations,  to 

Foet  Wayne,  Indiana,  on  the  Maumee  river — 
called  the  ‘‘Summit  City;”  because  it  lies  at  the 
highest  point  of  the  water-shed.  It  is  passed 
through  by  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal,  and  is  an, 
important  railway  centre  as  well  as  a manufacturing 
town  of  promise.  [Connections  : northeastward  to 
Toledo,  Lake  Erie  and  Detroit,  by  Toledo,  Wabash 
and  Western  road;  westward  by  the  same  road  and 
connections,  to  Logansport,  and  thence  to  Peoria 
and  towns  of  Central  Illinois  ; northward  to  the 
Michigan  Southern  road,  at  Waterloo,  etc.]  From 
Fort  Wayne,  by  Columbia:  by  Warsa/w ; by  Ply- 
mouth [connection  southward  to  Indianapolis, 
capital  of  the  State,  by  Indianapolis,  Peru  and  Chi- 
cago road]  ; by  Wanatah  [connection  southward  by 
the  Louisville  and  New  Albany  road,  to  Lafayette 
and  to  Louisville,  Ky.]  ; by  Valparaiso,  to  that 
city  which  has  famished,  both  in  fortune  and  mis- 
fortune, the  best  possible  type  of  American  capaci- 
ties in  either  direction,  and  which  has  been,  and 
m\\  continue  to  be,  quite  as  often  in  men’s  mouths 
any  other  on  the  Western  Continent—. 


^13 


EHOBT^TRIP  GUIDE. 


Ohioago,  Illinois, 

Division  G. 

CHICAOO  AS  IT  WAS,  HAS  BEEN,  AND  IS. 

The  history  of  the  world  furnishes  no  parallel  to 
the  change  between  the  three  conditions  above 
named,  in  connection  with  the  Giant  of  the  West  ’’ 
city  of  Chicago,  an  exaggerated  type  of  the  whole 
continent,  in  the  was,”  the  has  beeii”  and  the  is.’* 

Up  to  the  fall  of  the  eventful  year,  1871,  Chi- 
cago stood,  as  it  had  been  for  thirty  or  forty  years 
growing  up  to  be,  the  actual  Queen  City  of  the 
West,  one  of  the  most  important  of  the  Union,  and 
the  greatest  grain  mart  and  depot  of  the  world,  as 
well  as  one  of  the  most  important  railroad  centres 
of  the  entire  continent.  It  lay  pn  the  western  shore 
of  Lake  Michigan,  at  near  the  southern  boundary  of 
that  Lake,  at  the  entrance  of  the  Chicago  river  into 
it.  It  had  its  first  white  settlement  in  1804,  by  Col. 
John  Kini^ie  ; and  so  late  as  1830  contained  only 
15  houses.  It  was  incorporated  as  a city,  seven 
years  later,  in  1837 — the  population  at  that  time 
being  4,170.  In  1843  this  had  increased  to  7,580  ; 
in  1847  to  16,859  ; in  1850  to  23,269  ; in  1855 
to  80,023 ; in  1860  to  109,263  ; in  1865  to  178,539  ; 
and  in  1870  to  the  round  figures  of  300,000,  while 
the  suburban  population  was  supposed  to  raise  it  to 
350,000. 

The  site  of  the  city  was  admirably  chosen,  on 
ground  sloping  up  from  the  Lake,  and  with  the 


ROUTE  KO.  l^.-^WESTERW. 


213 


Cbicaga  River,  dividing  into  two  branches,  running 
through  the  entire  city,  at  once  adding  to  commer- 
cial convenience  and  healthfulness.  Numerous 
costly  bridges  and  many  tunnels  made  the  con- 
nection across  the  rivers.  The  city  was  divided  into 
20  wards,  with  nearly  800  streets.  The  river  and 
the  ship  canals  afforded  many  miles  of  excellent 
harbor,  to  which  came  vessels  from  all  parts  of  the 
great  lakes,  with  and  for  produce  of  every  description. 
The  grain  warehouses  were  of  such  extent  as  to  ac- 
commodate 8,000,000  to  10,000,000  bushels  ; while 
the  yearly  exportation  had  reached  to  about  60,000,- 
000  to  65,000,000  bushels.  It  had  also  a most  exten- 
sive trade  in  cattle  and  stock,  the  whole  yearly  num- 
ber handled,  reaching  2,500,000  ; besides  provisions, 
lumber,  and  transportation  trade  to  immense 
amounts.  Within  the  last  year  or  two,  on  the  com- 
pletion of  the  Pacific  Railway,  Chicago  had  com- 
menced to  import  her  teas  and  silks  direct  from  In- 
dia, and  was  arranging  a heavy  trade  in  that  direc- 
tion. There  were  several  of  the  largest  and  finest 
railway-depots  on  the  continent,  to  accommodate  its 
immense  connection  as  the  very  largest  of  the  rail- 
way-centres. It  had  streets  among  the  most  ele- 
gant in  the  West,  in  Michigan,  Wabash  and  other 
avenues  : and  many  of  the  houses  of  residents  were 
princely  in  their  luxury.  There  w^ere  more  than 
200  Churches  ; 12  or  15  of  the  largest  and  finest 

of  Hotels,  some  of  them  marvels  of  size  and  cost ; an 
Opera-House  and  5 Theatres  of  goodi  class  ; an  Uni- 


214 


SEOBT-miP  GUIDE. 


versity  ; Medical  Colleges,  splendid  public  Parks 
and  Cemeteries  ; and  a wilderness  of  scientific, 
social  and  benevolent  institutions,  second  to  none 
in  the  Western  World.  In  addition  to  this,  and  f 
feature  unequalled  elsewhere — a Tunnel  had  beer 
constructed  to  a Tower  two  miles  distant  in  thr 
Lake,  whence  the  water-supply  of  the  city  was  de- 
rived. 

Such,  hastily  sketched,  was  the  position  of  Chi- 
cago on  the  8th  of  October,  1871.  On  the  night  of 
that  day,  a fire  broke  out  at  near  the  centre  of 
the  city,  though  in  an  older  and  wooden- portion. 
A fierce  wind  made  vain  all  efforts  for  staying  the 
flames,  which  extended  on  every  side,  and  event- 
ually acquired  such  force  that  buildings  considered 
fire-proof  could  not  resist  the  heat  five  minutes 
when  attacked.  By  the  morning  of  the  10th  the 
city  was  literally  destroyed — the  whole  central  and 
business  part  of  it  entirely  so.  Some  10,000  build- 
ings were  burned  ; 500  to  1,000  persons  are  sup- 
posed to  have  lost  their  lives  ; 50,000  to  75,000  per- 
sons were  rendered  houseless  ; and  the  pecuniary 
loss  was  estimated  to  have  reached  $200,000,000.  • 
Chicago,  the  Queen  of  the  West,  was  no  more — for 
the  time. 

A most  gratifying  spectacle  of  general  benevo- 
lence, however,  was  exhibited,  in  connection  with 
this  great  calamity,  not  only  in  all  the  cities  of 
America,  but  in  those  of  England  and  of  all  Europe  ; 
and  the  extremity  of  suffering  at  once  materially 


ROUTE  NO.  n.— WESTERN 


215 


relieved  by  contributions  from  all  quarters,  which 
not  only  smoothed  the  then  painful  present,  but 
gave  opportunity  and  hope  for  the  future.  Kebuild- 
ing  was  at  once  commenced  with  marvellous 
energy;  and  so  rapidly  was  it  continued,  that  within 
a year  from  the  great  catastrophe,  more  than  two- 
thirds  of  the  marks  of  the  visitation  were  obliterated, 
public  and  private  erections  of  more  than  the 
original  splendor  taking  the  places  of  those  des- 
troyed, and  the  fact  being  made  certain  that  within 
two  years  from  the  fatal  8th  of  October  not  a mark 
of  the  calamity  would  be  visible,  except  in  the 
absence  of  the  trees  and  shrubbery  impossible  to  be 
replaced  within  a limited  period. 

It  may  even  now  be  said,  indeed,  that  Chicago, 
as  a city,  has  entirely  recovered  from  the  shock 
temporarily  prostrating  it,  spite  of  a second  destruc- 
tive fire  in  1874, — supplying  quite  its  previous 
charm  to  the  visitor,  while  an  exceptional  interest 
is  found  in  the  virtual  death  and  marvellous  resur- 
rection of  the  place  of  such  varied  fortunes. 

Among  the  objects  of  greatest  interest  in  what 
the  proud  citizens  call  the  ‘‘  New  Chicago,”  may  be 
named  the  large  and  beautiful 

Lincoln  Park,  lying  on  the  Lake  Shore,  north  of 
the  city,  with  charming  drives  along  the  Lake,  a 
Zoological  Garden,  a Lake,  Fountains,  fine  shade, 
and  all  the  attractions  for  the  corso  and  the  prome- 
nade ; 

Union  Parky  in  the  West  Division,  older  than 
Lincoln  and  more  completely  finished,  with  Lakes, 


f^nORT-miP  GUIDE, 


Fountains,  Zoological  collection,  pagodas,  a music- 
payilion,  and  great  popularity  as  a place  of  promen- 
ade and  for  the  open-air  concerts  given  every  even- 
ing during  the  summer.  There  are  also,  of  public 
grounds,  Lake  Park,  only  partially  improved,  but 
with  wonderful  location,  running  down  tl^e  Lake 
Shore,  south  of  the  city,  to  Hyde  Park  and  Hyde 
Park  House,  favorite  driving  and  bathing  resort, 
at  the  southern  extremity  ; the  South  and  West  Side 
Parks,  one  day  to  be  very  extensive  and  beautiful  ; 
Dearhorn,  Jefferson,  and  other  minor  parks  ; and 
Dexter  Trotting  Park,  in  connection  with  the  great 
Stock  Yards,  at  the  west  of  the  city.  Principal 
Cemeteries,  Graceland,  Rose  Hill,  Calvary  and  Oak- 
woods,  and  the  old  Catholic,  on  the  Lake  Shore, 
near  Lincoln  Park,  with  interesting  marks  of  the 
Great  Fire.  Among  other  leading  objects  of  interest 
are  the 

Great  Stock  Yards,  lying  at  some  distance  west 
of  the  city,  and  among  the  most  extensive  and  com- 
modious in  the  world,  with  Hotel,  Bank,  Telegraph- 
offices,  and  all  other  facilities  (Dexter  Park  in  con- 
nection) ; the 

Water  Works,  with  their  extensive  and  ingenious 
Lake  connection,  unparalleled  on  the  continent ; 
the  many  Bridges,  and  the  costly  Tunnels  for  their 
avoidance ; the  Chicago  River,  its  port,  and  Lake 
shipping  ; the  great 

Grain  Warehouses  and  Elevators,  capable  of  con- 
taining and  handling  more  grain  than  those  of 
other  city  on  the  globe  ; the  very  large  and  fine 


.ROUTE  NO.  1Z.--WESTEIIN. 


Eailway  Depots,  of  tlie  many  and  extensive  roads 
finding  their  centres  or  termini  here  ; the  McCor- 
mick Eeaper  Factory,  largest  in  the  world  (Blue 
Island  and  Western  avenues)  ; Bridge  Building 
Works  of  the  American  Company  (Egan  avenue); 
Union  and  other  Foundries,  Wagon  Factories,  &c.  ; 
and  many  magnificent 

Mercantile  Buildings,  Banking  Houses,  &c.,  in 
which  detail  the  rebuilt  city  far  excels  even  its  am- 
bitious predecessor,  and  rivals  all  others.  The  most 
notable  among  the  new  structures  is  the 

Chamber  of  Commerce,  corner  of  Washington  and 
La  Salle  Streets,  considered  one  of  the  noblest  and 
most  complete  buildings  of  its  class  in  the  world. 
Also  may  be  mentioned  the 

Exhibition  Building,  an  erection  of  size  and  taste, 
standing  on  Michigan  avenue  and  the  Lake  Shore, 
used  for  frequent  exhibitions  and  as  a Rink  in 
winter.  The  Churches  v/ere  many  of  them  des- 
troyed, and  are  not  as  yefc  generally  rebuilt. 

Of  Streets,  the  most  typical  and  best  worthy  of 
observation,  will  be  found  Michigan  and  Wabash 
avenues,  State,  Dearborn,  Clark,  La  Salle,  and  Wells 
streets,  running  parallel  with  the  Lake  Shore  ; and 
Jackson,  Adams,  Monroe,  Madison,  Washington, 
Randolph  and  Lake  streets,  crossing  them  at  right 
angles,  and  extending  across  the  city  from  the  Lake. 

Prominent  Hotels  (most  of  them  built  since  the 
fire  and  finished  with  lavish  cost  and  great  complete- 
ness) : the  Grand  Pacific,  Gardner,  Potter  Palmer, 


2IG5 


SHOBT-miP  GUIDE. 


Brevoort,  Tremont^  &c.  Theatres : Me  Vicker^s^  AiJeen^s^ 
Hooley's,  with  a Grand  Opera  House,  soon  to  be 
erected. 

[Among  the  widely-extended  railway  connections 
of  Chicago,  are  the  following  of  most  importance: 
Northward  to  Milwaukie,  thence  to  Green  Bay,  and 
beyond,  to  the  Lake  Superior  sections,  by  the  Chi- 
cago and  Northwestern  road  and  its  connections  ^ 
north-westward  to  Madison  (capital  of  Wisconsin), 
Baraboo,  Devil’s  Lake,  Eau  Claire,  and  Hudson  ; 
and  to  St.  Paul  and  the  Falls  of  St.  Anthony,  by  the 
same  road  and  its  connections  : westward  to  Clin- 
ton and  Cedar  Bapids  (Iowa),  by  the  Iowa  division  of 
the  same  road;  south-westward  to  Burlington  (Iowa), 
and  the  Mississippi  Kiver,  by  the  Chicago,  Burlington 
and  Quincy  road  : southward  to  St.  Louis,  by  the 
Chicago  and  Alton  road;  southward  to  Cairo  (junc- 
tion of  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  rivers),  and  to  St. 
Louis,  by  the  Illinois  Central  road  ; westward  to 
Omaha,  and  thence  to  Salt  Lake  City  and  San 
Ebancisco,  by  the  Chicago  and  Northwestern, 
Chicago  and  Bock  Island,  and  Chicago,  Burlington 
and  Quincy  routes ; south-eastward  to  Cincinnati, 
by  the  Columbus,  Chicago  and  Indiana  Central 
road  ; eastward  to  Philadelphia  and  New  Yobk 
by  the  Pittsburg,  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago  road, — 
as  also  by  Toledo,  Cleveland  and  the  Lake  Shore 
road — as  also  (with  all  Canadian  cities  and  connec- 
tions) by  Detroit  and  the  Grand  Trunk  Kailway  of 
Canada.  Also,  steamers  on  the  Lakes,  to  all  impor- 
tant points,  in  the  season.] 


ROUTE  NO.  14.~-WE STERN. 


OINCINITATI  TO  LOUISVILLE  (MAMMOTH  CAVE), 

NASHVILLE,  CAIRO,  ST.  LOUIS  AND  CHICAGO. 

Division  A, 

CINCINNATI  TO  LOUISVILLE,  NASHVILLE  AND  ST. 

LOUIS. 

Leave  Cineinnati  by  the  Louisville,  Cincinnati 
and  Lexington  road  (from  Covington — opposite  side 
of  the  river)  ; by  Walton,  Sparta,  Lexington  Junc- 
tion [connection  southward  for  Lexington  and  Ash- 
land,  old  home  of  Henry  Clay,  near  it  ; and,  by 
stage  from  Eminenc-e,  for  Shelbyville]  ; by  Lagrange, 
and  Anchorage  [connection  with  Shelby  road],  to 
Louisville.  (Or,  steamer  down  the  Ohio  from  Cincin- 
nati, in  the  pleasant  season). 

Louisville,  located  on  the  Ohio  river,  at  the 
Falls  and  near  the  entrance  of  Bear-Grass  Creek,  is 
the  largest  and  most  important  city  of  Kentucky. 
It  is  well  located  and  shaded  ; and  the  views  of  the 
Falls,  from  various  points  of  the  city,  are  much  ad- 
mired. The  most  important  trade  of  the  city  is  in 
tobacco,  of  which  it  is  one  of  the  central  marts  : 
also  extensively  in  flour,  provisions,  hemp,  etc.  The 
most  interesting  public  buildings  are  the  City  Hall, 


218 


SEOBT-TBIP  GUIDE, 


Court  House,  Custom  House  (with  Post-office),  Uni- 
versity Medical  College,  Masonic  Temple,  Blind 
Asylum,  the  Cathedral,  St.  PauVs  Church,  etc. 
Principal  Theatre  : the  Louisville,  Leading  Hotels  : 
the  Louisville,  and  National,  Principal  Cemetery  : 
Cave  Hill,  with  many  monuments  of  merit.  At  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river  is  Jeffersonville,  Indiana 
[railway  connection  to  Indianapolis]. 

[It  is  from  Louisville  that  detour  may  be  most 
conveniently  made  to  visit  the 

Mammoth  Cave  of  Kentucky,  one  of  the  most 
extensive  subterranean  passages  in  the  world,  and 
considered  among  the  most  interesting.  Or,  it  may 
be  taken  on  the  way  from  Louisville  to  Nashville,  as 
at  present  to  be  considered]. 

Leave  Louisville  by  the  Louisville  and  Nashville 
road,  to  Cave  City,  whence  stage  or  carriage,  9 miles 
to  the  Cave  (or,  steamer  from  Louisville,  on  the 
Green  Eiver,  to  within  1 mile  of  the  Cave — thence 
on  foot).  A Hotel,  the  Cave  House,  affords  facilities 
for  stoppage,  during  the  exploration,  which  may  be 
brief,  but  must,  for  any  approach  to  thoroughness, 
require  days  of  interest  and  toil,  always  accompanied 
by  a guide,  and  with  lights  and  means  of  relighting, 
without  either  of  which  it  is  not  safe  to  enter,  Poi 
particulars  of  the  chambers,  passages,  and  various 
points  of  interest  in  this  wonderful  cave,  which  is 
believed  to  extend  eight  or  nine  miles  back  from  the 
entrance,  dependance  may  be  made  entirely  upon 
the  capable  and  instructed  guides,  procurable  at  the 


ROUTE  NO.  U.— WESTERN 


219 


hotel  or  the  entrance. , Three  other  Caves — the  In- 
dian, White's,  and  Diamond,  may  be  found  in  the 
vicinity:  the  two  former  with  peculiarly  handsome 
stalactite  and  stalagmite  formations,  miniatures  of 
those  in  the  great  cave. 

From  Cave  City  (after  return  from  the  Cave)  con- 
tinue route  by  Louisville  and  Nashville  road  ; by 
Bowling  Green  ; Memphis  Junction  [connection 
southwest  for  Memphis  and  the  Mississippi  river]  ; 
by  Junction  [connection  northwest  by  Henderson 
road  to  Henderson,  and  Evansville  (Ind.);  to 

Nashville,  Capital  of  the  State  of  Tennessee, 
and  one  of  the  most  important  cities  of  the  middle 
southwest.  It  lies  on  the  Cumberland  river,  on  ele- 
vated ground,  much  of  the  city  lying  nearly  or  quite 
100  feet  above  the  water  level,  and  being  considered 
very  healthy.  The  most  prominent  building,  the 
State  Capitol,  is  considered  one  of  the  finest  in  the 
Union,  having  admirable  legislative  halls,  splendid 
material  of  native  marbles,  a tower.  State  Library, 
etc.  Other  buildings  of  prominence  are  the  Uni- 
versity, the  City  Hall,  Lunatic  Asylum,  Peniten- 
tiary, etc.  Theatres  ; the  Nashville  and  Duffield’s, 
Prominent  Hotels : the  SL  Cloud  and  Stacey, 
Nashville  has  many  handsome  residences  ; and  the 
tone  of  its  society  is  considered  equal  if  not  superior 
to  that  of  any  other  city  of  the  South.  Very  near  it 
may  be  visited  the  Hermitage,  old  seat  of  Andrew 
Jackson.  [Extensive  railway  connections  ; east  to 
Enoxoille ; southeast  to  Stevenson;  southward,  by 


220 


SEOBT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


Nashville  and  Decatur  and  connecting  roads,  to 
Montgomery  (Ala.),  and  thence  to  the  Gulf  Cities  ; 
northward,  by  Evansville  road  to  Vincennes  and 
Terre  Haute  ; south-westward  to  Memphis  by  Nash- 
ville and  North  Western  road,  and  connections  ; 
north-westward  to  St.  Louis,  etc.] 

From  Nashville,  by  North  Western  road,  by  TFizu- 
erley ; Johnsonville ; McKenzie  [connection  south- 
westward,  by  Memphis  and  Louisville  road,  for 
Memphis,  and  for  Little  BocJc  (Arkansas)  ; by  Pa- 
ducah  Junction  [connection  north  to  Paducah^  ; to 
Union  City,  where  connection  is  made  with  the 
Mobile  and  Ohio  road.  By  that  road  to 

Columbus,  on  the  Mississippi  river  ; with  Bel- 
mont, Missouri,  opposite,  connecting  the  route  just 
traversed  with  the  St.  Louis  and  Iron  Mountain 
road  to  St.  Louis. 

From  Columbus  the  Mississippi  maybe  ascended, 
by  boat,  to 

Cairo,  modern  town,  very  low-lying,  on  the  point 
formed  by  the  confluence  of  the  Ohio  and  the  Missis- 
sippi, with  costly  levee  against  inundations  by  the 
river,  and  much  prominence  as  a steamboat  port  of 
the  Mississippi,  vessels  from  and  to  all  ports  stop- 
ping here  to  land  and  receive  passengers  and  freight. 
Has  some  noble  buildings  ; among  the  best,  the 
Custom  House.  [Kailway  connection,  from  Cairo,  or 
from  3Iound  City,  immediately  above,  with  the  Illi- 
nois Central  Koad,  direct  for  Chicago.  Or,  steam- 
boat may  be  taken  for  St.  Louis  or  any  other  point 


ROUTE  NO.  U.---^V’ESTERN. 


221 


on  the  Mississippi.  Or,  steamboat  may  be  taken  for 
Louisville  or  Cincinnati.] 

For  St.  Louis,  from  Bird's  Point  (opposite  Cairo) 
to  Charleston  ; where  the  Sfc.  Louis  and  Iron  Moun- 
tain road  is  taken.  . By  Glen  Allen,  Marqiiand,  and 
other  stations,  to  Bismarclc  (where  pause  should  be 
made,  if  time  allows,  to  visit,  by  a spur  of  the  same 
road.  Iron  Mountain,  Pilot  Knob  and  Ironton,  with 
some  of  the  most  extraordinary  developments  of 
richness  in  iron  mines,  on  the  continent.)  Bis- 
marck, by  Mineral  Point  [spur  to  Potosi]  and  other 
stations,  to  St.  Louis. 

Division  B. 

AT  ST.  LOUIS  ; AND  BY  TWO  ROUTES  TO  CHICAGO. 

St.  Louis,  Missouri,  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
important  cities  of  the  West,  focus  of  mercantile 
supply  for  a wide  extent  of  country,  virtual  Queen 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  often  spoken  of  as  the  point 
for  removal  of  the  National  Capital.  It  lies  on  the 
west  bank  of  the  Mississippi  river,  at  what  is  sup- 
posed to  be  about  half-way  between  St.  Paul,  at  the 
head  of  navigation  on  the  Mississippi,  and  New 
Orleans,  at  the  mouth  of  that  noble  river.  It  occupies 
elevated  ground,  though  uneven  ; has  a very  long  ex- 
tent on  the  river,  and  an  imposing  appearance  from 
it.  It  has  wide  streets,  with  good  shade  ; handsome 
parks  ; substantial  residences  ; and  one  feature  com- 
manding unmixed  admiration,  in  the  Levee  at  which 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


the  most  immense  number  of  steamboats  can 
at  any  time  be  seen  lying,  loading,  discharging, 
arriving  and  departing,  observable  at  any  one  spot 
on  the  globe.  Front  Street,  along  the  Levee,  is  one 
of  the  finest  of  mercantile  and  warehouse  streets  in 
the  Union  ; while  Washington  and  Grand  Avenues, 
and  Fourth  Street,  are  among  the  most  fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St.  Louis  is  singularly  rich  in  Parks  ; the  most 
notable  being  Lafayette,  Hyde,  Laclede  and  Gravois 
Parks,  in  the  outskirts  ; Washington  and  Missouri, 
and  smaller  squares  ; with  Tower  Grove  only  par- 
tially completed,  to  contain  more  than  3,000  acres 
and  rival  the  Fairmount  at  Philadelphia.  The  Fair 
Grounds  are  also  very  beautiful  and  perfect,  as  well 
as  popular,  with  an  Amphitheatre  for  spectators,  esti- 
mated to  accommodate  80,000  to  90,000  persons  ; and 
Shaw's  Gardens  (botanical)  are  the  very  finest  on 
the  continent.  The  Principal  Cemeteries  are  the 
Belief oniaine  and  the  Calvary. 

Among  the  Buildings  best  deserving  attention, 
are  the  Custom  House,  Third  Street  ; the  Court 
House,  Fourth  Street  ; Temple  of  Justice,  Clark 
avenue  ; Arsenal ; Merchants'  Exchange,  Main 
street ; Masonic  Hall,  Market  street  ; and  some  oi 
the  innumerable  Hospitals,  Asylums,  Educational 
Institutions,  and  Homan  Catholic  Convents.  Among 
Churches,  the  Catholic  Cathedral,  Walnut  street, 
takes  the  lead ; followed  by  St.  George's,  (Epis.) 
Locust  street  ; First  Presbyterian,  Fourteenth 


ROUTE  NO.  IL-^WESTERN. 


223 


street ; Church  of  the  3Iessiah,  (Unitarian)  Oliver 
street,  etc.  Theatres:  Be  Bars  Opera  House,  Olym- 
pic  and  Varieties.  Prominent  hotels  : the  Lindell, 
Planters,  Laclede,  &c. 

Other  objects  of  interest  at  St.  Louis  : the  Steel 
Bridge,  not  long  since  completed  across  the  Missis- 
sippi, from  the  Illinois  shore  to  Washington  Ave- 
nue, for  railroad  and  general  use,  and  having  the 
reputation  of  being  one  of  the  world’s  master-works 
in  bridge-erection  ; the  magnificent  Union  Depot, 
accommodating  all  railroads  centering  in  the  cifcy, 
and  being  among  the  largest  and  most  commodious, 
as  well  as  most  important,  on  the  continent, — with 
Tunnel  leading  to  it  from  the  western  end  of  the 
Steel  Bridge ; and  the  City  Water  Works. 

[Connections  from  St.  Louis  : by  rail,  east  to  In- 
dianapolis by  the  St.  Louis  and  Terre  Haute  road, 
and  to  Cincinnati  and  eastward  by  the  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  road  ; southeastward  to  Tennessee  Cities 
by  the  route  just  traversed  ; south  to  New  Orleans 
and  the  Gulf  by  the  Mobile  and  Ohio  road;  west  to 
Jefferson  City,  to  Topeka,  and  other  towns  of  Kansas, 
by  the  Pacific  and  Missouri  road  ; northwestward 
io  St.  Joseph,  Omaha,  and  the  Pacific  Kailroad  for 
Salt  Lake  City  and  San  Francisco,  by  the  same  and 
St.  Joseph  roads ; north  to  Chicago  and  the  Lakes 
and  Canada,  and  south  to  Cairo  and  New  Orleans, 
by  th*e  Illinois  Central  and  Alton  roads.  In  addi- 
tion,steamboat  communication  to  all  navigable  points 
on  the.  Mississippi,  the  Missouri  and  Ohio  riverrS,] 


224 


SUOBT^TBIP  GUIDE, 


Leave  St.  Louis  by  Chicago,  Alton  and  St.  Louis 
road  ; by  Alton,  loftily  located  at  just  above  the 
junction  of  the  Missouri  and  Mississippi  Rivers, 
with  grand  and  notable  scenery  at  that  point,  and 
much  general  charm  in  situation  [connection  east- 
ward to  Indianapolis  by  the  Indianapolis  and  St. 
Louis  road]  ; to 

Spkingfield,  capital  of  the  State  of  Illinois, 
a thriving  and  handsome  town  standing  on  the 
margin  of  a wide  and  fine  prairie.  It  has  a very 
handsome  Capitol,  State  Arsenal,  Court  House,  Cus- 
tom House,  etc.  ; extensive  Water  Works,  on  the  San- 
gamon River ; and  will  always  enjoy  an  additional 
celebrity  as  the  residence  and  burial  place  of  Abra- 
ham Lincoln,  a noble  monument  to  whom  marks  his 
tomb  in  Ridge  Cemetery  Hotel : the  Leland  House, 
[Connection  westward  to  Quincy,  and  eastward  to 
Logansport  and  Fort  Wayne,  by  the  Toledo,  Wabash 
and  Western  road.] 

Springfield  to  Bloomington,  capital  of  McLean 
county,  and  a large  town  of  much  commerce  and 
many  manufactures,  besides  having  the  great  engine- 
shops  of  the  Chicago  and  Alton  Company.  [Con- 
nection southwestward  to  Jacksonville ; west  to 
Pekin  ; southeast  to  C hampaign  and  the  Illinois 
Central  road.]  Tp  Chenoa  [connection  west  to 
Peoria;  east  to  Warsaw  dmdi  Logansport'].  By  other 
stations  to  Joliet,  large  and  thriving  town  on  the 
Des  Moines  river,  with  State  Penitentiary  of  noble 
construction,  immense  fine  building-stone  quarries 


BOTJTE  No,  \L— WESTERN 


225 


near,  valuable  water-power,  and  extensive  trade  and 
manufactures.  [Connection  west  to  Bock  Island, 
by  the  Chicago,  Eock  Island  and  Pacific  road.] 
Joliet  to  Chicago. 


Or,  leave  St.  Louis  by  the  Illinois  Central  road 
(St.  Louis  and  Chicago  Through  Line),  to  East  St. 
Louis  ; thence  to  Greenville,  Vandalia  (see  Division 
F.,  Eoute  12,  pp.  205  A and  B) , Effingham,  Mat- 
toon,  Tolono,  Champaign,  Gilman,  Calumet,  etc.,  across 
one  of  the  richest  ranges  of  the  great  prairie  lands 
of  Illinois,  to 
Chicago. 

(For  notes  on  Chicago,  see  Boute  No.  13,  Division 
C.) 


J^OUTE  No.  15.-N0RTHERN  AND  WESTERN. 
iSEMI’SKELETON.) 


BUFFALO  TO  CLEVELAND  AND  CHICAGO,  BY  LAKE 
SHORE  ROAD. 

Leave  Buffalo  by  Lake  Shore  road ) to  DunlcirTc^ 
on  Lake  Erie,  terminus  of  lower  branch  of  the  Erie 
road  [connection  eastward  to  Salamanca,  for  the  Oil 
Kegions.]  Dunkirk  to 

Ekie,  (Pa.),  on  the  shore  of  Lake  Erie,  with  fine 
harbor  (a  U.  S.  Naval  Station);  Court  House  and 
other  good  buildings  ; extensive  iron  rolling-mills, 
and  the  connection  of  the  Erie  Extension  Canal 
with  the  Ohio  Eiver  and  Beaver  Canal.  Hotel : the 
Eeid  House.  [Connection  southeast  to  Corry  and 
the  Oil  Kegions].  By  Girard  [connection  south- 
ward to  Pittsburg]  ; and  Painesville  to 

Cleveland  (Ohio)  on  Lake  Erie,  with  harbor 
at  mouth  of  Cuyahoga  Kiver,  heavy  lake  shipping 
trade,  much  prosperity  in  business  aspects  ; and  so 
pronounced  a shaded  beauty,  especially  in  the  fine 
elms  lining  its  wide  streets,  that  it  bears  the  name 
of  the  ‘‘  Forest  City.”  It  has  a Medical  College : a 
Marine  Hospital ; several  handsome  Churches;  a 
splendid  Union  Bailway  Depot,  of  great  size  ; Monu- 
mental Park  (with  monument  to  Commodore  Perry); 
Woodlawn  Cemetery ; noble  Water  Works ; and 
many  other  attractions.  [Connections  southeast  to 


ROUTE  NO,  1^,— NORTHERN  AND  WESTERN  227 


Pittsiurg  and  Wheeling ; south  to  Coshocton  and 
Zanesville]  southwest  to  Columbus,,  Cincinnati,,  etc.] 

From  Cleveland,  by  Oberlin  (seat  of  the  celebrated 
“ Oberlin  College/^  which  admits  blacks  as  well  as 
whites) ; by  Monroeville  [connection  northward  to 
Sandusky]  ; by  Clyde  [connection  south  to  CixciK- 
NATi] ; Fremont^  etc.,  to 

Toledo,  on  the  Maumee  Eiver,  near  Lake  Erie, 
with  considerable  lake  trade  (principally  in  grain), 
much  domestic  commerce,  many  handsome  build- 
ings, rapid  progress,  great  educational  facilities,  and 
an  almost  matchless  location  as  a railway  centre. 
Hotels:  Oliver  House,,  Island  Houses  American^ 
and  SL  Charles.  [Conections:  southeast  to  Clyde 
and  (opening)  to  Wheeling ; South  to  Lima,  Dayton 
and  Ciis  ciKKATi ; southwest  to  Logansport,  S2m7ig- 
field  (111),  the  Mississippi  river,  and  St.  Louis; 
northward  to  Detroit  and  the  Canadian  lines ; etc.] 

From  Toledo,  by  the  Michigan  Southern  and 
Northern  Indiana  road  ; by  Adkieist  (Michigan), 
with  water-power ; some  manufactures ; repair-shops 
of  the  railroad- division;  a handsome  Soldiers’  Mon- 
ument, and  many  attractions  as  a residence.  Hotel : 
the  Laiorence  House.  By  Hillsdale;  Uonesville 
[connection  south  to  Fort  Wayn^  ; Sturgis  [con- 
nection north  to  Grand  Haven  and  south  to  Fort 
Wayne'] ; White  Pigeon  [connection  north  to  Kala-, 
mazoo^]  Elhhart  [junction  with  Air-Line  of  same 
road,  to  Toledo]  ; South  Bend  and  Laporte  ; to 

Chicago*  (For  notes  on  Chicago,  and  connec- 
tions, see  previous  route,  No.  13.) 


ROUTE  NO.  16.-N0RTHERN  (SEMI-SKELETON). 

YORK  OR  PHILADELPHIA  TO  THE  LACKA- 
WAKKA  COAL  REGIOKS,  AKD  THE  OIL  CREEK 
OIL  REGIONS. 

York,  by  the  New  Jersey  Central  road  to 
Hampton  Junction  (see  Eoute  No.  13) ; to 
Manunhacliunh  (New  Jersey). 

Or  by  the  Delaware,  Lackawanna  and  Western 
road — Morris  and  Essex  Division  from  New  York: 
from  foot  Barclay  Street  to  Hoboken;  thence  by 
rail,  by  Orange  [connection  to  Newark];  by  Madi- 
son^  location  of  Drew  Theological  Seminary;  by 
Morristown,  thriving  town  of  New  Jersey,  and 
capital  of  Morris  County,  on  the  Whippany  Creek, 
with  handsome  residences,  a ^^Washington’s  Head 
Quarters”  and  other  Eevolutionary  remains;  by 
Boonton^  Bockaway  Dover ^ all  towns  in  the  iron- 

region,  with  extensive  iron  mills  and  foundries ; by 
Chester^  Drakesville,  Stanhope  [connection  by  stage 
or  boat  to  Lake  Hopatcong  and  to  BudJs  Lake]  ; 
by  Waterloo  [connection  north  to  Newton,  by  Sussex 
road]  ; by  Hackettstown,  handsome  town  of  Warren 
County,  with  flouring  mills  and  a Methodist  Epis- 
copal Seminary  of  eminence  [connection  by  stage  to 
Schooley^s  Mountain  (see  Excursions  from  New 
York)  ] ; to  Washington.  At  Washington  connect 


ROUTE  NO.  \Q.--NOBTHERN. 


229 


with  the  Delaware,  Lackawanna  and  Western  road, 
and  by  that  road  to  ManunJcachunk, 

Or,  from  Philadelphia,  by  the  Northern  Pennsyl- 
vania road,  or  the  Belvidere  Delaware  road,  to 
Easton  ; thence  to  Mammkachtmh 
Manunkachunk  to  the  Delaware  Water-Gap  (see 
Excursions  from  New  York).  Water-Gap  to 
Stroudsburg,  (Pa.),  and  by  several  minor  stations 
to 

ScRANTOiT  (Pa.),  important  heavy-manufacturing 
town,  and  great  centre  of  the  coal  operations  of  the 
Lackawanna  district.  In  brief  excursions  from 
Scranton,  locally  directed,  may  be  observed  all  the 
details  of  mining  and  transportation,  of  the  immense 
coal  trade  and  the  iron  trade  accompanying.  [Con- 
nections southwest  to  Pitiston  and  WilJcesbarre\ 
north  to  Great  Bend  and  the  Erie  road ; east  to 
Garbondale,  Honesdale,  etc].  Scranton  to 
Pittston,  another  important  coal  centre.  Pitts- 
ton,  by  Rupert  [connection  southward  with  the 
wildly-grand  Catawissa  road,  for  Reading,  etc.] ; by 
Milton  and  other  stations,  to 
Williamsport,  capital  of  Lycoming  County,  on 
the  Susquehanna  river,  with  much  industry  and 
miscellaneous  business,  and  the  most  extensive 
lumber  trade  of  any  town  in  America.  Among  the 
curiosities  of  the  place,  is  the  Great  Timber  Boom 
in  the  Susquehanna,  capable  of  holding  millions  of 
logs  at  a time ; the  many  saw-mills  and  other  lum- 
hev  works.  There  are  also  extensive  Black  Marble 


230 


SHORT- TRIP  GUIDE. 


Quarries  in  the  neighborhood.  Hotels : the  HerdiCj 
Crawford,  City,  and  American. 

From  Williamsport  by  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie 
road;  by 

Lock  Haven,  another  great  lumber  centre,  also 
with  immense  Timber-Boom,  saw-mills,  etc.,  and 
fine  scenery  in  the  neighborhood.  Hotels : the  Fuh 
ton,  Irving,  and  Montonr.  Lock  Haven,  by  Renovo, 
Emporium,  AVilcox  and  other  stations;  to 

Irvineton,  whence  should  be  taken  the  Oil  Creek 
and  Alleghany  road,  to  Tidioutc,  Oleopolis,  Pithole, 
Oil  City,  Titusville,  or  of  those  great  oil  centres, 
from  which  short  excursions,  locally  directed,  can 
be  made  with  most  profit  and  satisfaction.  Thence 
to  CoRRy,  for  Salamanca  and  the  Erie  road,  going 
east ; or  for  Erie  and  the  Lake  Shore  road,  for  the 
north  or  West 


ROUTE  NO.  17. -CAN AD! AN  AND  WESTERN. 


KIAGARA  FALLS,  BY  HAMILTOX  Al^D  LOXDO^T  TO 

DETKOIT  AKD  CHICAGO,  BY  GREAT  WESTERN 
AKD  MICHIGAN  RAILWAYS. 

Leave  Niagara  Falls  (Suspension  Bridge),  by  rail 
on  the  Great  Western  road  of  Canada;  by  Tliorold 
(crossing  of  the  Welland  Canal  around  the  Falls 
of  Niagara),  to 

St.  CatliarindSy  pleasant  small  town,  favorite  as 
a residence,  and  with  Mineral  Springs  of  much  cele- 
brity. Thence  by  Grimsby ^ lying  near  the  shore  of 
Lake  Ontario,  to 

Hamilton,  on  Burlington  Bay,  at  the  extreme 
western  end  of  the  Lake,  with  very  handsome  coast- 
scenery  in  the  neighborhood  ; a magnificent  harbor, 
with  heavy  lake  trade  and  fine  fishing ; and  the 
town  itself  very  prettily  laid  out,  with  elegant  resi- 
dences and  other  buildings,  well  shaded  and  attrac- 
tive. Very  fine  views  are  to  be  obtained  from  the 
Mountain,  where  also  stands  Dundrum  Castle., 
erected  by  Sir  Allan  McNab,  when  Governor-Gen- 
eral; and  there  are  many  favorite  resorts  in  the 
neighborhood,  among  others  the  Beach,  Oaklands, 
Flamborough  Heights,  etc.  Prominent  Hotels : the 
Anglo-American  and  City.  [Connection  eastward 
{Hamilton  Junction)  with  the  Grand  Trunk  Kail- 


233  ’ snOET-miP  GUIDE. 

way  for  Tovouto  and  all  tlio  Eastern  Canadian  cities  j 
also,  by  boat  on  the  Lake,  for  Toronto  and  th-e  same]. 
Hamilton  to  Dundas,  with  many  manufactures  and 
much  fine  scenery  at  and  near  the  Desjardines 
Canal,  here  commencing;  to  Harrisburg  [connec- 
tion northward  to  Berlin,  Ouelph,  and  the  Grand 
Trunk  road] ; to 

Pahis,  a thriving  town,  with  important  water- 
power and  manufactures,  at  the  junction  of  the 
Grand  and  ISTith  rivers,  with  mineral  springs  and  a 
petrifying  spring  in  the  neighborhood  [connection 
northwestward  to  Goderich  and  Lake  Huron,  and 
southeastward  to  Bunville  and  Buffalo,  by  Gode- 
rich and  Grand  Trunk  road].  Paris  to 

Lohdok,  considered  the  metropolis  of  South 
Western  Canada— with  handsome  location,  streets 
well  laid  out  and  shaded,  costly  buildings,  and  all 
the  attractions  for  residence.  [Connection  north- 
ward to  St,  Mary^ s and  the  Grand  Trunk  road; 
southward  to  Port  Stanley,  on  Lake  Erie,  with  boat 
connection  to  Buffalo].  London,  by  Komolca 
[connection  westward  to  Petrolia  (oil-centre),  and 
Port  Sarnia,  at  the  entrance  of  the  St.  Clair  river 
into  Lake  Huron] ; and  by  Glencoe ; to 

Bothwell,  principal  town  of  the  Canadian  oil- 
regions,  in  the  neighborhood  of  which  those  who 
have  not  visited  the  Pennsylvania  oil-sections,  may 
derive  a veiy  good  idea  of  the  petroleum  w’clls  and 
processes. 

Bothwell  to  Chatham,  with  the  distinction  of  very 


R0UTEN0A1.--GANABIAN AND  WESTERN,  233 


latge  percentage  of  negro  population.  [Connection 
with  Detroit,  by  steamers  down  the  Thames  river 
and  across  Lake  St.  Clair  to  Detroit  river].  Chatham 
by  unimportant  stations  to 

WiiJ^DSOR,  very  old  town  on  the  eastern  side  of  the 
Detroit  river,  with  many  French  peculiarities  and 
but  moderate  prosperity.  From  Windsor,  ferry,  car- 
rying over  cars  on  boats,  to 

Detiioit,  Michigan,  lying  on  the  west  bank  of 
the  Detroit  river,  strait  connecting  Lake  St.  Clair 
with  Lake  Erie.  This  is  the  largest  city  of  the  State ; 
one  of  the  oldest  in  any  of  the  Western  States,  and 
one  of  the  most  wealthy  and  influential  of  all.  The 
city  front  extends  along  the  river  at  great  length, 
■with  most  of  the  location  elevated,  and  the  streets 
well  shaded  and  broken  up  into  many  small  parks 
and  public  grounds.  The  most  important  of  the  lat- 
ter is  the  Grand  Circus,  park  and  promenade,  from 
which  radiate  many  of  the  finest  avenues;  among 
others,  Woodward,  Jefferson,  ejbc.  There  is  also  a 
largo  Plaza,  called  the  Canijms  Martins,  around 
which  are  grouped  many  of  the  finest  buildings  in 
the  citys  Without  the  town,  the  favorite  public  re- 
sorts are  Fort  Wayne,  on  the  river,  three  miles  from 
the  city;  Belle  He,  Grosse  Pointe  and  Grosse  Ile^ 
more  distant.  The  principal  Cemeteries  are  Elm- 
wood  and  Woodlaivn. 

Among  the  prominent  buildings  in  the  city,  are 
the  Michigan  Central  Freight  Depot,  of  immense 
size  and  costly  construction,  with  the  great  Loco- 


234 


BHORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


motive  Roimd  House  and  Grain  Elevator^  near  ifc ; 
the  Custom  House  (with  Post  Office) ; the  Opera 
House;  the  Board  of  Trade  Building,  etc.  The 
most  notable  churches  are  St,  PauTs  (Epis.),  with 
the  peculiarity  of  a roof  without  columns;  Christ, 
St.  Jolin^s  and  Grace  (all  Epis.) ; Fort  Street  Pres- 
hjterian;  (Meth.-Epis.) ; St,  Peter  and  St. 

Paid  (Oath.) ; St.  Anne^s  (Oath.),  with  very  fine 
choir;  etc.  Detroit  has  also  elaborate  Water-works; 
large  manufacturing  and  lake-shipping  interests, 
in  grain  and  provisions,  etc.  Theatre:  the  Opera 
House,  Prominent  Hotels:  The  Russell,  Biddle, 
and  Michigan  Exchange, 

From  Detroit  may  be  visited,  north,  Lalce  St, 
Clair,  with  many  attractive  features  in  scenery;  and 
southward,  the  Put-in-Bay  Islands,  below  the  mouth 
of  the  Detroit  river,  in  Lake  Erie,  near  which  occur- 
red Commodore  Perry’s  victory  in  1813 ; now  famous 
as  bathing  and  fishing  resort,  etc.  [Boat  from  De- 
troit to  Kelly’s  Island,  largest  of  the  group,  every  day 
during  warm  season.] 

[Eailway  connection  from  Detroit : north  to  Port 
Huron,  foot  of  Lake  Huron : northwest  to  Saginaio, 
Wenona,  etc. ; west  to  Kalamazoo,  etc. ; east  by  route 
just  traversed,  and  by  Toledo  and  Lake  Shore  road ; 
west  to  CniCAGO,  etc.,  as  see  route  to  be  pursued.  In 
addition,  it  has  steamboat  communication  on  Lake 
Erie  to  Buffalo  and  other  ports;  and  to  all  ports 
on  Lake  Huron  and  Michigan.] 

Leave  Detroit  by  Michigan  Central  road,  by  Yp- 


ROUTENO,Vll,--CANABIANANDWESTEItK  235 


silantiy  pleasant  small  town  of  Michigan,  seat  of  the 
State  Normal  School ; thence  (along  the  Huron 
Eiver),  to 

Ank  Arbor,  handsome  large  town,  on  elevated 
plateau,  with  fine  shade  and  many  handsome  build- 
ings; and  seat  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  an 
institution  of  wide  influence,  with  varied  courses,  a 
fine  Observatory,  etc.  Hotel:  the  Gregory  House. 
By  Dexter  and  Chelsea  to 

Jackso]^,  large  and  thriving  town,  with  many 
manufactures,  an  important  coal-trade  from  mines 
in  the  immediate  neighborhood,  and  seat  of  the 
Michigan  State  Prison.  [Connections,  northward 
to  LAKSii^'G  (capital  of  the  State);  southward  to 
Adrian  and  Toledo,  etc.]  From  Lansing,  by  Parma, 
on  the  Kalamazoo  river;  by  Albion  (seat  of  Albion 
College,  of  the  Meth.  Epis.  Church) ; by  Marshall 
(large  paper  manufactories,  and  railway  repair- 
shops);  to  Battle  Creek,  manufacturing  town, 
especially  with  extensive  flour-mills  [connections 
north  to  Laksikg,  and  south  to  Soicth  Bend,  etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo,  largest  town  in  the  State,  after  De- 
troit. It  is  a thriving  manufacturing  and  commer- 
cial town,  with  much  shaded  beauty  and  many 
handsome  residences;  and  the  seat  of  a Baptist 
College  and  the  State  Insane  Asylum.  Hotels : the 
Kalamazoo  and  Burdiclc.  [Connections : northwest 
to  Grand  Haven  and  Lake  Michigan ; also  to  Grand 
Rapids;  southeastward  to  Wayne^oic.'l  From. 


SnORT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


236 

Kalamazoo,  by  Lawton  (with  extensive  iron  works) ; 
Nilcs^  small  town  of  commercial  and  industrial  im- 
portance on  the  St.  Joseph  Eiver;  Ncio  Buffalo  and 
Michigan  City  (both  modern  towns,  on  the  immedi- 
ate  shore  of  Lake  Michigan) ; to 
Chicago, 


ROUTE  NO.  18.-N0RTH-WESTERN  iSEMhSKELE- 
TON.) 


CHICAGO  TO  ST.  PAUL  (mIHH.)  AND  FALLS  OF  ST. 

ANTHONY;  WITH  OPTIONAL  RETURN  DOWN 
THE  MISSISSIPPI  OR  BY  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 

Leave  Chicago  by  the  Chicago,  Milwautie  and  Sfc. 
Paul  Eailroad  ; by  Waukegan;  Kenosha  [connection 
west  to  Genoa,  Rockford,  etc.];  Kacine  [connection 
west  to  ‘and  Freeport]',  to  Milwaukie.  (Or 

by  Chicago  and  N.  W.  Eailroad,  or  daily  steamer 
on  the  Lake.) 

Milwaukie,  commercial  capital  of  the  State  of 
Wisconsin,  one  of  the  largest  cities. of  the  northwest, 
considered  very  handsome  and  attractive  as  a resi- 
dence, and  so  healthful  in  reputation,  as  to  have 
originated  the  jest  that ‘^people  are  obliged  to  go 
away  from  Milwaukie,  when  they  wish  to  die ! Ho- 
tels: i\ie  Plajikinton,  Walker,  ^n^Newliall.  [Connec- 
tions, northwest  to  Iloricon,  Portage  City,  etc.; 
southwest  to  Milton,  Janesville,  etc.] 

Leave  Milwaukie  by  the  Milwaukie  and  St.  Paul 
road  ; Waukesha  and  Palmyra,  famed  for  their  min- 
eral springs  and  attractive  resorts  ; by  Watertown 
[connection  north  to  Horicon;  northwest  to  Portage 
City,  etc.];  to 

Madison,  capital  of  the  State,  and  a very  thriving 
and  handsome  town,  with  the  Capitol,  University  of 
Wisconsin,  many  other  local  attractions,  and  the 


238 


8E0BT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


notably-beautiful  Four  Lahes  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood.  [Connections  southeast  to  Chicago, 
by  the  Chicago  and  North-western  road ; and  to 
Plymouth^  Beloit,  etc.,  by  the  Madison  division  of 
the  same  road].  Madison,  by  many  minor  stations, 
to 

Prairie  du  Chien",  important  town  on  the  Mis- 
sissippi river,  with  a considerable  river-trade,  many 
steamboats  making  stoppage,  and  prairies  in  the 
neighborhood,  as  the  name  indicates.  By  ferry 
to 

McGregor,  small  town  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river  ; where  the  route  by  rail  is  continued.  By 
Colmar  [connection  westward  to  Charles  City  and 
the  Missouri  river]  ; to  Austih  [connection  south- 
ward by  the  Burlington  and  Cedar  Rapids  road,  to 
Cedar  Rapids,  Burlington,  and  the  Mississippi];  to 
Ramsey  [connection  west  with  Southern  Minnesota 
road] ; to  Owatona  [connection  west  for  Mankato, 
St.  Peter,  etc.]  ; by  St.  Paul  and  Mendota  Junctions 
[connection  southwest  to  Mankato, 1 etc. ; to 

St.  Paul,  capital  of  Minnesota,  and  the  largest 
town  in  the  State  ; on  the  Mississippi  river,  at  the 
virtual  head  of  navigation ; wi  th  State  Capitol ; State 
Reform  School ; St.  Joseph’s  Academy  (Catholic) ; a 
of  great  length,  over  the  Mississippi ; Carver’s 
Gave  and  Fountain  Gave  in  the  immediate  vicinity, 
etc.  Theatre:  the  Opera  House.  Leading  Hotel: 
the  Merchants’.  [Connections:  north  to  Duluth, 


ROUTE  NO,  IS,— NORTE-  WESTERN,  239 

on  Lake  Superior;  northwest  to Cloud;  west  to 
Breclcenridge;  southwest  to  St,  Peter  and  Manhato; 
southeast  to  Mihuaulde  and  Chicago,  by  route  just 
traversed;  also  southeast  to  Red  Wing,  and  Lake 
Pepin.  Also  by  steamer  to  all  Mississippi  ports, 
St.  Louis  and  New  Orleans.]  It  is  from’ St.  Paul 
that  visit  will  be  paid  (short  ride  by  carriage,  by 
Fort  Snetling)  to  the 

Falls  of  Minnehaha,  very  beautiful  small  fall  of  the 
Minnesota  river,  made  famous  by  Longfellow  in  the 
poem  of  the  same  name,  with  the  Indian  derivation, 

Laughing  Water.^’  Also^will  be  visited,  by  rail 
from  St.  Paul,  the 

Falls  of  St,  Anthony,  and  Minneapolis,  formerly 
St.  Ahthohy,  a few  miles  above.  The  town  is  a 
thriving  one,  at  the  actual  head  of  navigation  of  the 
Mississippi,  with  Slate  University,  and  connection 
by  bridge  with  Minneapolis,  The  Falls,  though 
with  very  mean  surroundings,  are  grand,  especially 
in  the  feature  of  Kapids,  and  show  to  best  advan- 
tage by  moonlight. 

From  St.  Paul  descent  of  the  Mississippi  may  be 
made,  by  steamboat,  by  Red  Wing  (Minn.);  La 
Crosse  (Wis.) ; Prairie  du  Chien  (Wis.) ; Duhuquo 
(Iowa) ; Galena  (111.),  centre  of  the  lead  trade ; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Roch  Island  (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa) ; Nauvoo  (111.),  original  seat  of  the  Mor- 
mons; KeoTcuh  (Iowa);  Hannibal  (Mo.);  Alton 
(111.),  and  many  other  interesting  river  ports,  with 
stoppages,  to  St.  Louis  for  the  South  or  return  east- 
ward. 


240 


BEOUT-miP  GUIDE, 


Or,  northern  route  may  be  taken,  leaving  St. 
Paul  by  the  Tiake  Superior  and  Mississippi  road, 
to 

Duluth,  new  but  important  town  at  the  extreme 
southwest  point  of  Lake  Superior,  with  good  harbor, 
heavy  lake  trade  and  rapidly  increasing  prosperity, 
Hotel : the  Clarh  House.  At  Duluth,  steamer  to  be 
taken  (depending  on  local  direction . for  the  most 
reliable  particulars)  on  Lake  Superior,  to  the  Onto- 
nagon  Copper  Region,  on  the  south  shore  of  that 
Lake ; thence  to  the  Marquette  Iron  Region,  on 
the  same  shore ; thence  to  the  Pictured  Rods,  also 
on  the  same  shore.  Thence  route  may  be  continued, 
through  the  Sault  St.  Marie  (Strait)  into  LaTce 
Huron,  and  to  Bay  City  for  rail  to  Detroit  ; or  to 
Detroit  by  boat  direct ; or  to  Goderich,  for  return 
by  rail  through  Canada;  or  through  the  St.  Clair 
River  and  Lake,  and  the  Detroit  river,  to  Lake  Erie, 
for  Toledo,  Cleveland,  Erie,  or  Buffalo,  on  that 
Lake. 

[Another  popular  route  from  Milwaukie  to  the 
North-West  is  as  follows:  Prom  Milwaukie,  by  the 
Chicago,  Milwaukie  and  St.  Paul  Road,  by  Water-- 
town,  Portage,  Tomah  (connection  to  Grand  Rapids 
and  lumber  region),  Sparta  (noted  mineral  springs), 
Winona  Junction,  over  the  Mississippi  River  at  La- 
crosse, by  fine  scenery  of  Upper  Mississippi,  by 
Winona,  passing  Bed  Wing,  to  Minneapolis  and 
St.  Paul.] 


ROUTE  NO.  19,-OANADIAN. 


NIAGARA  FALLS  TO  TOKOKTO,  OTTAWA,  MONTREAL, 
QUEBEC,  AND  THE  SAGUENAY  RIVER ; BY 
GRAND  TRUNK  RAILWAY,  AND  BOAT- 

CONNECTIONS.  ' 

Division  A 

NIAGARA  FALLS  TO  TORONTO  AND  OTTAAVA, 

Leave  Niagara  Falls  (Suspension  Bridge)  by  Great 
Western  Kailway,  by  Tliorold,  to  St  Catliarine^s  (see 
Route  No.  17) ; and  to 
Hamilton  (also  see  Route  No  17.) 

From  Hamilton,  continuing  by  Toronto  branch  of 
Great  Western  Railway,  at  near  the  upper  coast  of 
Lake  Ontario,  by  Galcville  and  other  stations,  to 
Toronto,  most  populous  city  of  the  Western  prov- 
ince (Ontario),  and  one  of  the  handsomest  in  Am- 
erica, though  excelled  in  size  by  many.  It  lies  on 
the  Northern  shore  of  Lake  Ontario;  is  well  laid  out 
and  finely  shaded ; and  has  one  thoroughfare,  Tonge 
Street j actually  extending  northward  as  an  unbroken 
drive,  the  whole  distance  to  the  foot  of  Lake  Simcoe^ 
some  35  miles.  Among  the  prominent  buildings  is 
the  University  of  Toronto,  a noble  structure  Avith 
lofty  tower,  and  fine  park  surrounding.  Scarcely 
second  is  Osgoode  Hall,  the  law-court  building,  with 


243 


8E0ET-TEIP  GUIDE. 


the  distinction  of  not  only  being  onie  of  the  most 
tasteful  in  the  world  for  legal  purposes,  outside,  but 
one  of  the  most  completely  and  tastefully  arranged, 
within.  There  are  also  the  Exchange^  Provincial 
Lunatic  Asylum^  Trinity  College^  Normal  Scliooly 
etc.,  all  worthy  of  visit.  Of  the  many  Churches, 
three  have  especial  prominence:  the  Cathedral  of  St. 
James  (Epis.) ; that  of  St.  Michael  (Catholic) ; and  the 
(new)  Wesleyan  Church.  Prominent  Hotels:  the 
Rossin  House,  and  the  Queen^s.  Those  who  have 
abundant  leisure,  should  make  the  drive  before 
spoken  of,  to  Lahe  Simcoe,  with  wild  beauty;  those 
with  less  time  will  find  drives  through  some  of  the 
main  avenues,  and  along  the  shore  of  the  Lake, 
amply  repaying  them. 

[Connections  by  rail,  north  to  Lake  Simcoe ; west 
to  Guelph,  Berlin,  and  other  towns  on  the  Grand 
Trunk  road.  Also,  by  boat  with  Niagara  Falls,  by 
Lewiston  and  rail  along  the  Niagara  Kiver.  Also, 
by  daily  boat  along  Lake  Ontario  and  down  the  St. 
Lawrence  Eiver  to  Montheal.  Also,  to  ports  on 
the  New  York  side  of  the  Lake.] 

From  Toronto  by  the  Grand  Trunk  Eailway ; by 
Frenchman! s Bay,  Boiumanville  and  other  stations, 
to 

Port  Hope,  pleasant  little  town,  on  the  Lake,  with 
hill  suburbs  and  some  lake-trade.  [Connection 
northwestward  to  Beaverton,  on  Lake  Simcoe ; and 
with  Lake  ports,  by  boat.]  Port  Hope  to 

Cobourg,  important  station  as  well  as  handsome 


EOVrTE  NO.  1^.— CANADIAN 


243 


town,  with  fair  trade,  a pleasant  residence,  and  the 
seat  of  Victoria  College  (Wesleyan).  [Connection 
northward  to  Peterboro  and  Rice  and  Salmon  Trout 
Lakes.]  Cobourg,  by  Colborne  (not  to  be  con- 
founded with  Port  Colbourn,”  on  the  Great  Western 
road) ; by  Trenton  (on  the  little  river  Trent) ; by 
Belleville.^  pleasant  small  town  on  Moira  river  (actual 
inlet  from  the  Lake) ; by  Napanee,  Collins^  Bay  and 
other  stations;  to 

Kingstok,  very  old  town  at  the  entrance  of  the 
St.  Lawrence  river,  and  once  capital  of  Canada; 
with  very  heavy  fortifications,  in  Fort  Henry  and 
several  other  works;  seat  of  Queen^s  College  Uni- 
versity, the  Regiopolis  Catliolic  College,  Provincial 
Penitentiary.  Hotel : the  British  American.  Cape 
Vincent,  on  the  New  York  shore,  lies  opposite. 
[Steamer  connection  from  Kingston  up  the  Lake  to 
Toronto,  down  the  Lake  to  Montreal  and  other 
ports.  Also,  by  Rideau  Canal,  with  Ottaiva.  From 
Cape  Vincent,  by  rail  to  Watertoion,  and  thence  to 
Rome  and  other  points  on  the  New  York  Central 
road.] 

From  Kingston,  by  Gananoque  and  Mallory 
Town,  to  Brockville,  a town  of  pleasant  location 
and  some  commercial  importance,  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence river  [connection  northward  to  Carleton  Place ^ 
Arnyrior,  etc. ; and  from  Carleton  Place,  by  Canada 
Central  road,  to  Ottawa].  Brockville  to 

Prescott  (Junction),  small  town,  principally  of 
transit  importance,  also  on  the  St.  Lawrence.  [Con- 


244 


8H0BT-TB1P  GUIDE. 


nections,  north  to  Ottawa,  as  see  route  to  be  pur- 
sued ; east  direct  to  Montreal,  continuing  by  Grand 
Trunk  road ; across  the  river  to  Ogdensburg,  on  the 
New  York  side,  whence  connection  south  to  the 
New  York  Central  road  and  towns  on  that  line,  by 
the  Eome,  Watertown  and  Ogdensburg  road,  for 
southward ; or  eastward  by  Ogdensburg  and  Cham- 
plain road  to  Rouse’s  Pointy  Lake  Champlain  and 
St.  Albans  for  all  Eastern  States]. 

From  Prescott,  by  St.  Lawrence  and  Ottawa  road, 
through  a region  comparatively  unbroken,  but  with 
many  features  of  beauty  in  natural  scenery,  to 

Ottawa,  Capital  of  the  Dominion  of  Canada.  It 
lies  on  the  Ottawa  river,  and  on  the  Kideau  Canal^ 
running  to’Lakc  Ontario  at  Kingston.  The  scenery 
in  the  district  is'  somewhat  wild  and  untamed,  but 
very  picturesque ; and  in  the  immediate  neighbor- 
hood may  be  witnessed  some  of  the  most  extensive 
operations  in  the  rafting  and  sawing  of  lumber  and 
timber,  on  the  whole  range  of  the  continent.  The 
Gliaudiere  Great  Falls  (of  the  Ottawa)  lie  within 
the  city  proper,  at  the  west,  are  some  200  feet  in 
width  by  40  in  depth,  and  have  many  features  of 
grandeur;  while  the  jPiifZfe,  handsomer  though 

smaller,  lie  at  the  east.  The  Rideau  Falls,  at  the 
northeast,  and  the  Remoux  and  De  Cheyne  Rapids, 
some  miles  above,  are  all  worthy  of  visit  and 
notice. 

The  feature  of  Ottawa  is  of  course  to  be  found  in 
the  Parliament  Houses  and  government  buildings 


ROUTE  Jsro,  Id.—CAEABIAE, 


245 


connected.  They  are  of  native  stone,  lately 
erected,  at  great  cost,  and  truly  magnificent  in 
size,  design  and  arrangement — promising,  when 
fully  completed,  with  their  grounds,  to  he  worthy 
of  the  Dominion  and  command  great  admiration. 
The  respective  Chamiers  of  the  Senate  and  House 
of  Commons  are  of  the  same  size  as  those  at  West- 
minster Palace,  and  quite  as  handsomely  finished ; 
and  there  is  an  immense  Library,  not  yet  finished, 
to  be  capable  of  accommodating  half  a million  vol- 
umes. They  stand  at  the  height  of  an  elevation 
known  as  Barrack  Hill,”  forming  the  apex  of  the 
higher  ground  on  which  the  Upper  Town  is  built, 
being  divided  from  the  Lower  Town  by  the  Eideau 
Canal  and  its  handsome  stone  bridge.  The  Qaeen^s 
Printing  House,  near  the  Parliament  Houses,  the 
Catholic  Cathedral,  and  other  prominent  buildings, 
demand  attention.  Leading  Hotel : the  Russell 
House.  [Connection  west  to  Carleton  Place  and  the 
Brockville  road ; and  to  Prescott,  Ogdensburg,  etc., 
by  the  route  just  traversed.  Direct  railway  along 
the  Ottawa  river,  to  Moittkeal,  in  course  of  con- 
struction]. 

Division  B. 

OTTAVTA  TO  AKD  AT  MOKTREAL. 

Leave  Ottawa  by  morning  boat  on  the  Ottawa 
river ; with  fine  view,  soon  after  leaving,  of  the 
Rideau  Falls,  on  the  right;  and  not  long  afterwards, 
the  entrance  of  the  Gatineau  River,  tributary  of 


246 


8E0RT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


the  Ottawa,  into  that  river,  the  largest  on  the  Conti- 
nent, after  the  Mississippi  and  the  St.  Lawrence,  and 
very  picturesque  throughout,  though  with  a beauty 
untamed.  Various  minor  landings  are  made,  before 
reaching 

L’Origitval  ; at  which  point,  if  time  allows,  the 
tourist  should  lie  over  for  one  day,  to  visit  the 
Caledonia  Springs^  nine  miles  distant,  the  heal- 
ing qualities  of  which  have  made  them  very  cele- 
brated, with  capacious  hotel,  and  the  presence,  in 
summer,  of  a very  large  number  of  the  best  known 
people  of  fashion  and  condition,  in  the  Dominion. 
Eeturn  to  L’ Original, 

From  L’Original,  whether  with  or  without  hav- 
ing visited  the  Springs,  the  course  is  pursued  by 
boat,  down  the  Ottawa,  to 

GnE^iTYiLLE  (with  Haiolceslury  opposite,  with  large 
saw  mills)  where  the  boat  is  left  and  a land  ride  of 
twelve  miles  taken  (the  Long  Sault  Rapids  making 
navigation  impossible) ; to 
Oarillok,  at  the  lower  end  of  the.  rapids,  where 
another  boat  of  the  line  is  taken.  It  is  worthy  of 
remark  that  from  Ottawa  to  this  point,  the  middle 
of  the  river  has  been  the  dividing  line  between  the 
two  provinces  of  Ontario  (west)  and  Quebec  (east) ; 
but  that  here  the  line  leaves  the  river,  striking 
southward  to  the  St.  Lawrence,  and  the  course  is ' 
taken  entirely  in  that  of  Quebec. 

Among  the  next  prominent  objects  of  interest  fol- 
lowing, is  the  Mountain  of  Rigaud^  looming  high 


ROUTE  If 0.  l^.---CANABIAir. 


247 


on  the  southern  bank,  aboye  the  rough  and  wooded 
shores.  Several  minor  landings  are  made  on  this 
portion  of  the  river,  after  leaving  which  it  expands 
into  the 

Lake  of  the  Tioo  Alountains^  with  the  two  moun- 
tains giving  its  name,  rising  on  either  side,  one  of 
them.  Calvary^  being  held  sacred  by  the  Indians. 
Not  long  after,  is  reached 

St.  Akxe’s,  rendered  so  celebrated  by  Moore,  in 
the  Canadian  Boat  Song.”  At  this  point  Mont 
Royale,  the  height  above  Montreal,  comes  into  view. 
The  boat  is  taken  through  locks,  at  St.  Anne’s,  to 
avoid  the  rapids,  coming  out  into  the 

Lake  SL  Louis,  in  which  the  Ottawa  for  the 
first  time  joins  the  St.  Lawrence.  Landing  from  the 
boat  is  made  at 

Lachike,  where  cars  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Eail- 
Way  are  taken  to 

MoNTRExiL,  the  largest  and  most  prosperous  city 
of  the  British  Possessions  in  North  America ; Me- 
tropolitan See  of  the  English  Church  in  Canada, 
and  seat  of  a Catholic  Bishopric.  It  lies  on  rapidly 
rising  ground,  on  the  island  of  the  same  name,  with 
the  St.  Lawrence  immediately  in  front.  Back  Eiver 
forming  the  sound  behind  it  ; and  the  mountain 
which  gives  it  name.  Mount  Royal,  also  rising 
grandly  at  the  back.  There  are  few  and  unimpor- 
tant fortifications,  {St.  Helenas  Island  being  the 
principal);  but  the  town  has  usually  been  garri- 
soned, being  considered  the  military  key  of  the 


248 


SnORT-TElP  GUIDE. 


Dominion.  The  population  of  Montreal  is  won- 
drously  mixed,  there  being  many  streets,  in  the  higher 
and  newer  parts  of  the  town,  in  which  the  English 
and  Scotch  elements  entirely  predominate,  with 
many  of  the  features  of  an  English  city;  while  in 
the  older  and  lower  parts  of  the  town,  many  of  the 
streets  are  still  called  ^^Eues,’’  and  the  prevailing 
architecture,  language  and  manner  are  all  French? 
of  not  too  refined  an  order.  There  are  now  fine 
quays  along  the  river;  costly  and  elegant  residences 
have  rapidly  increased  in  number,  stretching  back 
towards  Mount  lioyal ; and  the  commercial  impor- 
tance and  prosperity  of  the  Northern  Metropolis 
have  quite  kept  pace  with  its  growing  luxury. 
Among  other  evidences  of  its  prosperity  has  been 
the  establishment  of  the  fine  Allan  line  of  Steamers 
to  Liverpool  and  Glasgow,  coming  to  Quebec  and 
Montreal  during  the  open  season,  and  to  Portland 
in  the  winter. 

First  among  the  edifices  of  Montreal,  comes  the 
CatlioliG  Cathedral  of  Notre  Dame^  standing  on  the 
Place  d^Armes,  in  the  centre  of  the  old  city,  and  so 
large  that  it  is  accredited  with  containing  10,000 
people  without  difficulty.  It  is  Gothic  in  architec- 
ture, with  two  tall  towers,  commanding  a magnifi- 
cent view  from  the  top;  and  within,  it  has  many 
of  the  features  of  European  churches  of  the  same 
faith.  Christ  Church  Cathedral  (Epis.)  and  St. 
Andretd^s  Church  (Episcopal)  rank  next;  and  the 
Church  of  the  Jesuits,  with  some  fine  pictures,  is 


ROUTE  NO,  Vd,— CANADIAN, 


249 


much  visited  and  admired.  Of  public,  commercial  and 
other  buildings  may  be  especially  noted  the  Court 
House,  one  of  the  best  on  the  continent ; the  Bank 
(?/ near  the  Cathedral ; AlcGill  College,  at 
the  foot  of  Mount  Eoyal;  Bonsecours  Market,  on 
the  qua}^,  with  large  dome  and  excellent  internal 
arrangements;  St,  Patrick's  iJaZZ,  Victoria  square; 
the  Albert  Buildings,  same  place ; Dominion  Block, 
McGill  street,  etc.  There  are  three  Nunneries,  always 
exciting  more  or  less  attention  among  visitors,  and 
to  which  admission  is  often  granted;  the  Gray, 
(lately  removed);  the  Black,  Notre  Dame  street ;< 
and  the  Hotel  Dieu,  Notre  Dame  and  Great  SL 
James  Streets  may  be  named  as  the  most  fashionable 
promenades;  and  St,  Paul  Street  as  the  leading 
commercial.  The  principal  Cemetery  is  Alount  Royal, 
on  the  mountain  of  that  name,  around  which,  also, 
is  the  most  fashionable  drive  of  the  city.  There  is  a 
handsome  Nelson  Monument  at  the  Place  Jacques 
Cartier.  Theatre:  the  Montreal,  Leading  Hotels* 
St.  Lawrence  Hall,  the  Ottaiva,  the  Montreal,  etc» 

Many  excursions  of  interest  can  be  made  from 
Montreal,  but  the  most  indispensable  one  is  that 
to 

The  Victoria  Bridge  over  the  St.  Lawrence,  at 
Point  St.  Charles,  order  to  inspect  which  can  be 
obtained  from  the  officers  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Eail- 
way,  near  the  entrance.  It  is  one  of  the  immense 
enterprises  of  later  times,  with  no  less  than  23  spans 


250 


8H0BT-TEIP  GUIDE. 


of  242  feet  each,  a centre  one  of  330  feet, 
and  a total  length  of  two  miles.  It  is  tubular,  on 
the  plan  of  the  great  bridge  oyer  the  Menai  Strait, 
in  Wales;  was  built  by  Eobert  Stephenson  and  A.  M. 
Eoss;  and  opened  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  during  his 
American  visit,  in  August,  1860. 

Another  very  pleasant  excursion,  for  those  reach- 
ing Montreal  by  rail,  is  to  take  rail  to  LacTiine,  and 
thence  return  to  the  city  by  boat  Dcnon  the  Lachine 
Rapids^  with  excellent  idea  thus  obtained  of  that 
feature  of  the  St.  Lawrence. 

[Connections  fiom  Montreal:  westward  to  Otta- 
wa, by  the  route  just  traversed;  eastward  to  Que- 
bec, by  the  Grand  Trunk  road  (from  St.  Lambert)  ; 
southward  to  Rousds  Pointy  and  thence  to  all  points 
in  the  Eastern  and  Middle  United  States,  (from  La 
Prairie).  Westward  by  steamer  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence and  Lake  Ontario,  "to  Toronto  and  leading 
Lake  ports ; eastward  by  steamer  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence, to  Quebec  and  the  farther  East.  By  Allan 
line  of  sea-steamers  to  Halifax,  Liverpool  and 
Glasgow.] 

Division  G. 

MOFfTREAL  TO  AKD  AT  QUEBEC,  WITH  EXCURSIOKS 

Leave  Montreal  (from  Bonaventure  Station),  bj 
train  on  the  Grand  Trunk  Eailway;  across  the 
Victoria  Bridge  at  Point  St  Charles  ; by  St.  Lam- 
bert, St.  Hyacinthe,  and  other  stations,  to 


ROUTE  NO.  1^.--GANADIAN 


251 


Richmokd,  important  railway  station  and  point 
of  intersection.  [Connection,  south-eastward,  by 
Portland  Division  of  the  Grand  .Trunk  road,  to; 
Island  Pond;  and  thence  to  Gorham  for  the  White 
Mountains  and  southward,  or  to  Portland  and 
connections  for  Bosto^t  and  the  east.] 

From  Richmond,  by  the  Quebec  branch  of  the 
Grand  Trunk  road;  by  Arthabasca  [connection 
northward,  by  Bulstrode^  to  St.  Gregoire,  on  the 
St.  Lawrence  river,  and  Three  Rivers  (Canada)]; 
by  Blade  River  and  other  stations,  to 

Point  Levi  [continuation  of  line  eastward,  to 
Riviere  du  Loup'].  From  Point  Levi,  ferry  across 
the  St.  Lawrence,  to 

Quebec,  metropolis  of  the  Province  of  the  same 
name ; important  military  station,  with  very  strong 
fortifications ; and  with  as  important  historical 
interest  as  any  city  on  the  American  continent.  It 
lies  on  the  north  shore  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  with  ex- 
ceedingly picturesque  location,  being  divided  into 
the  Upper  and  Lower  Towns,  with  the  very  strong 
fortifications  of  the  Upper  Town  crowning  the  whole; 
and  the  Citadel  of  Cape  Diamond,  being  considered 
next  in  strength  in  the  world  to  Gibraltar  and 
Ehrenbreitstein.  From  the  city  proper,  the  suburbs 
of  St.  Roch  and  St.  John  extend  along  the  river  St. 
Charles  to  Plains  of  Abraham,  on  the  Heights 
of  the  same  name,  rendered  ever-memorable  by  the 
battle  fought  there  between  the  English  Gen.  Wolfe 
and  the  French  General  Montcalm,  in  1759,  with 


SHOET-TEIP  GUIDE. 


253 

the  death  of  both  the  commanders,  but  the  total  de- 
feat of  the  French,  and  the  final  capture  of  Quebec 
and  destruction  of  the  French  power  in  the  prov- 
ince. The  spot  where  Wolfe  fell,  near  an  old  re- 
doubt at  the  highest  point,  is  pointed  out  to  tourists, 
who  have  even  a more  singular  interest  in  seeing 
the  skull  of  Montcalm,  exhumed  not  many  years 
ago,  now  preserved  in  the  Ursuline  Convent.  The 
joint  Monument  to  Wolfe  and  Montcalm  is  to  be 
found  in  the  Public  Garden,  on  Des  Carrieres  street. 
At  the  foot  of  the  Citadel  is  a tower,  where  the  Am- 
erican General  Montgomery  fell  in  the  assault  on 
Quebec,  in  1775.  Ascent  from  the  Lower  to  the 
Upper  Town  is  made  by  a very  steep  and  winding 
street,  through  the  Prescott  Gate,  by  which  also  the 
fortifications  may  be  reached  on  the  St.  Lawrence 
side.  The  Plains  may  be  entered  by  the  St.  Louis 
Gate,  nearly  opposite.  The  View  from  the  Citadel, 
over  the  city,  the  St.  Lawrence  and  the  opposite 
shore,  is  a truly  magnificent  one  and  not  to  be  omit- 
ted by  any  one  with  an  eye  to  the  picturesque. 

Among  the  most  notable  Buildings  of  Quebec, 
may  be  named  the  Parliament  House  (rebuilt  when 
the  city  was  still  expected  to  remain  the  Capital) ; 
the  very  Artillery  Barracks  ; the  immense  and 
fine  Roman  Catholic  Cathedral ; the  Ursuline  Con 
vent  and  Church,  with  attractive  gardens ; the  En 
glish  Cathedral  (modern  and  noble);  St.  Andreic^s 
Church ; the  very  old  church  of  Hotre  Dame  des 
Victoires,  in  the  Lower  Town ; as  also,  in  the  Lower 


ROUTE  NO,  1^, ^CANADIAN 


253 


Town,  the  Exchange,  Custom  House,  Alarine  Hos- 
pital, Post  Office,  and  many  of  the  most  extensive 
commercial  establishments.  It  is  worthy  of  remark 
that  Quebec,  even  more  than  Montreal,  has  a large 
French  admixture,  and  that  in  some  of  the  quarters 
many  of  the  lower  Parisian  dwellings  and  habits 
may  be  seen  duplicated.  Among  the  principal 
streets  are  St.  Louis  j HAuteidl  (near  the  Espla- 
nade, with  many  fine  residences) ; St  Louis  Road 
(from  the  Gate  of  the  same  name ) ; St  Peter 
(Lower  Town) — commercial.  Principal  Cemetery: 
Mt  Hermon,  elevated  and  handsome.  Leading 
Hotels : the  St  Louis  and  Russell  House. 

[Connections:  south  westward  to  Richmond  and 
Mokteeal,  by  route  just  traversed;  southward  by 
the  same  route,  by  Kichmond,  to  Island  Pond, 
PoRTLAiSTD,  the  White  Mountains,  etc. ; eastward  to 
the  Riviere  du  Loup.  Also,  by  boat  on  the  St. 
Lawrence,  to  Mokteeal,  etc.] 

Of  short  Excursions  from  Quebec,  the  most  im- 
portant are  those  to  the  Falls  of  Moktmoeexci, 
noble  broken  cascade,  with  fine  surrounding  scenery, 
reached  in  drive  from  the  city,  through  Beaujoort 
(seat  of  the  Provincial  Lunatic  Asylum) ; to  Lor  cite, 
a famous  Indian  Village,  very  popular  for  tourists, 
and  with  a world  of  Indian  goods  for  sale ; to  Cape 
Rouge  (‘‘  Carouge  ^^),  with  fine  river  scenery ; to  the 
River  and  Falls  of  the  Chaudiere,  below  the  city  (by 
Point  Levi) ; to  Lalce  St  Charles,  with  fine  scenery 
and  good  angling.  Something  longer  is  that  to  the 


254 


SHOET^TBIP  GUIDE. 


Falls  of  St.  Anne^  which  may,  however,  be  taken  in 
connection  with  those  of  Montmorenci. 

Division  D. 

QUEBEC  TO  EIYIEEE  DU  LOUP  AND  THE  SAGUENAY 
KIYER. 

Leave  Quebec  by  rail,  by  Point  Levi,  along  the 
south  shore  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  by  Cliaudiere 
Junction^  St.  Thomas^  D Islet  and  other  stations,  to 
Riviere  clu  Loup. 

Or,  better,  if  time  will  allow  the  additional  day: 

Leave  Quebec  by  one  of  the  steamers  of  the  Cana- 
dian Navigation  Company  (usual  trips  twice  a week: 
timely  reference  on  this  point  to  be  made  at  the 
hotel  of  stoppage,  at  Quebec.)  First  object  of  inter- 
est, the  large  Island  of  Orleans,  in  the  St.  Law- 
rence immediately  below  the  city,  with  consid(  rable 
prosperity.  The  Falls  of  St.  Anne  referred 

to),  and  Lake  St.  celebrated  for  fine  front- 

fishing,  are  both  passed,  at  some  miles  below,  tt  ough 
of  course  not  visible  from  the  boat.  The  first  land- 
ing is  made  at 

Muerat  Bay,  on  the  north  shore,  pleasan  1;  vil- 
lage and  attractive  watering-place,  much  resorfed  to 
by  Canadian  families,  and  with  good  accomodation. 
Going  on  by  steamer,  an  hour  and  a half  latrr  is 
reached 

PiiYiERE  DU  Loup,  on  the  southern  side  of  the 
now  rapidly-widening  St.  Lawrence — terminus  of 


BOUTE  NO.  n.---GANABIAN. 


255 


the  easternmost  branch  of  the  Grand  Trunk  road, 
[Connection  by  rail,  southwest  to  Cliaudiere  Junc- 
tion, for  Quebec;  or  thence  to  Richmond,  for 
Mo]N'treal,  or  south  to  Island  Pond  for  Portland 
or  the  AYhite  Mountains],  [Prom  Riviere  du  Loup, 
visit  is  paid,  by  stage,  to  the  favorite  watering- 
. place  of 

Cacouna,  with  fine  bathing,  fishing,  and  much 
fashionable  resort.] 

Leaving  Riviere  du  Loup,  again  by  steamer, 
the  St.  Lawrence  is  recrossed,  to  the  entrance  of 
the 

SAGUEi^AY  River,  with  scenery  of  such  grand 
and  stupendous  wildness  as  is  seldom  encountered 
on  either  continent ; the  almost  perpendicular  cliffs 
at  many  points,  and  the  great  height  of  the  border- 
ing hills,  combining  with  the  darkness  of  the  water, 
the  frequent  waterfalls,  and  the  general  aspect  of 
/Wild  desolation,  to  awe  as  well  as  enrapture.  At 
very  near  the  entrance  of  the  river  is  passed  the 
‘Very  old  village  of  Tadoussac;  and  not  long  after, 
the  little  cove  containing  a fishing  station,  called 
' VAnce  a VEau.'  The  next  points  of  interest 
{ reached,  are  the  two  frightful  over-hanging  cliff- 
^ mountains.  Cape  Eternity  and  Cape  Trinity,  be- 
neath which,  from  the  apprehension  that  they  may 
: fall  at  any  moment,  the  tourist  has  no  wish  to  re- 
(imain  for  any  long  period,  while  the  water  seems 
black  as  ink,  from  the  shadows.  Statue  Point  and 
‘ the  Tableau  are  other  points  of  special  interest,  ap- 


256 


SnOET’TRIP  GUIDE. 


proaching  Ha  Ha  Bay,  a beautiful  yillage,  amid  | 
softened  scenery,  where  the  route  terminates.  * 

Eeturn  by  steamer  to  Riviere  du  Loup,  whence 
rail  to  Quebec,  or  to  Chaudiere  Junction  for  pro- , 
ceeding  southward. 


ROUTE  NO,  20 -CANADIAN. 


NIAGARA  FALLS  TO  TORONTO,  MONTREAL  AN1> 
QUEBEC,  BY  STEAMERS;  WITH  DIREC- 
TION TO  OTHER  CITIES  OF  BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leave  Niagara  Falls  (Suspension  Bridge),  by 
train  to  Lewiston^  small  town  on  the  American 
shore  of  the  Niagara  Kiver  (Queenston,  larger 
town,  on  the  Canadian  side,  opposite,  with  monu- 
ment to  the  British  General  Brock,  killed  there  in 
battle  in  1812). 

At  Lewiston  take  Toronto  boat  (twice  daily),  on 
the  Niagara  river,  with  stop  at 
Niagara  (Village),  place  of  embarkation  for 
other  passengers  from  Falls  by  rail  on  the 'American 
side.  Immediately  below  Niagara  are  passed  Fort 
Niagara,  on  American  side,  and  Fort  Massasauga, 
on  Canadian.  Soon  after,  passing  from  the  Eiver 
into  Lake  Ontario,  with  short  sail  to 
Toronto  (See  Koute  No  19). 

At  Toronto  take  Eoyal  Mail  steamer  for  Montreal 
(every  day,  in  connection  with  boat  and  train). 
Several  hours’  sail  along  the  Lake,  with  shore-views, 
principally  north — to 
Kingston.  (See  Eoute  No.  19). 

(Or,  leave  Niagara  by  rail,  as  in  Eoute  No.  19,  to 


258 


8H0BT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Hamilton,  Torojs'to  and  Kingston,  first  taking  boat 
here,  at  very  early  morning  or  afternoon). 

At  Kingston  tlie  Lake  narrows  to  become  yirtu- 
ally  the  St.  Lawrence  Eiver,  though,  still  very  wide, 
and  called  the  Lake  of  the  Thousand  Islands,”  as 
containing  the  celebrated 

Thousand  Islands,  said  to  number  nearly  twice  as 
many,  and  certainly  studding  the  stream  very  thick- 
ly, in  rough-tree-crowned,  wild  and  picturesque 
beauty— there  really  seeming,  at  times,  to  be  diffi- 
culty in  finding  passage  between  them. 

Leaving  the  Lake  of  the  Thousand  Islands,  en- 
tering the  St.  Lawrence  proper,  passing  Ogdenslurg 
on  the  American  side,  and  Prescott,  on  the  Cana- 
dian (connection  to  Ottawa— see  Koute  No.  19),— 
are  soon  entered  the 

Rapids  of  the  St.  Laiorence,  among  the  most  ex 
tended  and  notable  to  be  found  in  any  river  on  the 
globe,  and  some  of  them  startling  to  the  inexpe- 
rienced who  mark  the  rapid  rush  of  the  water  and 
the  sharp  inclination  of  the  boat,  at  the  worst  mo- 
ments; though  the  amount  of  danger  involved, 
with  good  boats  and  the  inevitable  skilful  pilot- 
age, must  be  almost  nothing,  as  accidents  are  liter- 
ally unheard  of.  The  different  Eapids  follow  each 
other  in  the  succession  named  : the  Gallopes  (4) ; the 
Plate ; the  Depleau ; the  Long  Sault ; the  Coteau ; 
the  Cedars  (considered  by  many  the  finest ) ; the 
Cascades;  and  the  Lachine  (shortest  of  all,  but 
more ' sensational  than  any  of  the  others).  Im- 


ROUTE  NO.  2^.— CANADIAN. 


259 


mediately  after  passing  the  Lachine,  is  in  sight,  and 
soon  after  reached, 

Mo^sttreal.  (See  Eoiite  No.  19). 

From  Montreal  (every  evening)  by  boats  of  the 
Richelieu  Company,  making  the  whole  passage  dar- 
ing the  night  (little  interesting  scenery  offering), 
and  landing  in  the  morning  at 

Quebec.  (See  Route  No.  19;  as  also  for  excur- 
sion to  Riviere  du  Loup  and  the  Saguenay  River). 

SKELETON  ROUTES  TO  OTHER  TOW^^S  OR  BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

IIalipax,  Capital  of  Nova  Scotia.  Reached  by 
steamers  of  the  Allan  line,  from  Montreal  or  Port- 
land ; or  by  packet-steamer  or  rail  from  Portland ; 
or  from  St.  John,  N.  B.,  by  steamer  to  Windsor, 
N.  S.,  and  rail  thence  to  Halifax.  Hotels : the 
Waverleyj  Stewards,  Halifax,  and  International 
St.  John,  New  Brunswick.  From  Boston,  by 
steamer,  or  from  Portland  by  rail.  From  Halifax  by 
rail  and  steamer,  by  Windsor,  N.  S.  Hotels : JTatf^ 
erley  and  Stulbs\ 

Fredericton,  Capital  of  New  Brunswick.  From 
Boston,  by  steamer  to  St.  John's,  and  rail,  or  rail 
from  Portland. 

Windsor,  Nova  Scotia.  By  rail  from  Halifax. 
Sidney,  Cape  Breton.  By  boat  from  Halifax,  il 
Shediac,  New  Brunswick.  By  rail  from  St.  John,^ 
N.  B. ; also  by  steamer  from  Quebec. 

Charlotte  Town,  Prince  Edward’s  Island.  By 


8C0 


SnOBT  TRIP  GUIDE. 


rail  from  St.  John,  U.  B.,  to  Shediac,  IN’.  B. ; thence 
boat. 

PiCTOtJ,  Nova  Scotia.  By  rail  from  St.  John, 
N.  B.,  to  Sliediac,  N.  B. ; thence  boat. 

Bathtjest,  New  Brunswick.  By  boat  from  She- 
diac ; also  from  Quebec. 


aOUTE  NO.  2 h FAR^  WESTERN  iSEMhSKELETON.) 

CHICAGO  TO  OltAHA,  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  SAK  FKAK* 
CISCO,  BIG  TREES  AKD  YO-SEMITE  YALLEY. 

Division  A, 

CHICAGO  TO  OMAHA,  BY  OPTIONAL  ROUTES. 

By  Chicago^  Burlington  and  Quincy  road. 

Leave  Chicago  by  the  Chicago,  Burlington  & 
Quincy  E.  E.,  by  Aurora,  on  Fox  Eiver  (connection 
west  to  Freeport  and  Dubuque  via  111.  Central  E.  E. 
— also  by  branches  to  Geneva,  Batavia,  Rockford, 
£c.);  by  Mendota,  seat  of  Mendota  College  and  of 
Wesleyan  Seminary;  by  Princeton,  Galva,  Galesburg 
(connection  east  to  Peoria,  southwest  to  Quincy, 
Hannibal,  and  all  points  in  Texas,  Kansas  and  Col- 
orado); by  Monmouth  to 

Burlington,  on  the  Mississippi  river,  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  important  towns  of  Iowa,  with  fine 
river  scenery,  extensive  commerce,  by  river  and  other- 
wise, seat  of  Burlington  University  (Baptist),  and  a 
great  railway  centre.  [Connections  very  general; 
principally  by  the  Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy 
road  and  its  branches;  and  by  B.  C.  E.  & N.  E’y  to 
Cedar  Eapids  and  all  points  in  Minnesota ; and 
Mississippi  river  may  be  ascended  to  Rock  Island, 
Dubuque,  etc.;  or  descended  to  St.  Louis,  etc.] 


263 


SHORT  TRIP  GUIDE. 


From  Burlington,  still  by  C.  B.  & Q.  R.  R.,  by  the 
important  stations  of  Ottumwa,  [connections  north, 
to  OsJcaloosa,  southward  and  eastward  to  St.  Louis, 
etc.] ; Chariton,  .Osceola,  Creston,  Red  Oak,  Pacific 
Junction,  etc.,  to' 

Council  Bluffs  and  Omaha. 

Council  Bluffs,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Mis- 
souri River.  [Connections  north  to  Sioux  City,  &c,; 
south  to  Nebraska  City  (by  branch),  Lincoln, 
Capital  of  Nebraska,  St.  Joseph,  on  the  Missouri 
River,  &c].  From  Council  Bluffs,  bridge-transfer 
(railroad),  to  Omaha. 

By  Chicago  and  North-  Western  road. 

Leave  Chicago  by  Chicago  and  North-Western 
road,  to 

function  [connection  north-westward  to  Mai>i- 
son;  Avestward  to  Dunleith  and  Dubuque'].  Junc- 
tion, by  Geneva  and  other  stations,  to 

Dixon  [connection  northward  to  Freeport;  south- 
ward to  Bloomington,  Sprinofield,  Alton  and  St. 
Louis].  By  other  stations  to 

Sterling  [connfection  south-westward  to  Rock 
Island];  to 

Clinton,  on  the  Mississippi  River,  entering  the 
State  of  Iowa  [river  connections  north  and  south. 
Connections  to  Dubuque,  McGregor,  Prairie  du 
Chien  and  Lacrosse].  Clinton,  by  various  stations, 
to 

Cedak  Rapids,  railway  centre  on  the  Cedar 
River,  [Connections,  northeast  to  Dubuque  ; north 


ROUTE  21. ---FAR  WESTERK 


to  Waterloo,  Austin  and  St.  Paul  ; south  to  Bur- 
lington  and  Keokuk].  Cedar  Eapids,  by  various 
other  stations,  to 

Marshall,  [connections  northward  to  Alason  City, 
Austin  and  St,  Paul;  southward  to  Ottumwa,  Keo- 
kuk, &c.];  to  Boone,  thriving  town  and  coal  centre? 
to 

Grand  Junction  [connection  north  to  Fort  Bodge\ 
Grand  Junction,  by  many  other  stations,  through 
the  Valley  of  the  Des  Moines,  to 

Missouri  Valley  Junction.  (Minor  connections 
north  to  Sioux  City;  westward  by  California  Junc- 
tion, across  the  Missouri  Eiver  to  Fremont  and  the 
Union  Pacific  road,  for  California  and  the  Pacific 
coast].  By  other  stations  to 
. Council  Bluffs,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Mis- 
souri Eiver.  [See  Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy 
route  over  the  same  distance,  immediately  preced- 
ing.] From  Council  Bluffs,  bridge- transfer  (railroad) 
to  Omaha, 


By  Chicago  and  Rock  Island  road. 

Leave  Chicago  by  the  Chicago  and  Eock  Island 
road  ; by  Englewood  [connections  eastward  to  all 
cities  on  the  Michigan  Southern  and  Lake  Shore 
roads;  southeastward  to  Fort  Wayne,  PiUshurg,  &c.] 
By  other  stations  to 

Joliet,  large  town  on  the  Des  Moines  Eiver,  with 
State  Penitentiary,  extensive  stone-quarries,  &c. 
[Connections,  eastward  to  Michigan  Southern  and 


264 


8H0BT  TEIP  GUIDE. 


Lake  Shore  roads;  south  westward  to  Bloominglon 
and  Springfield;  also  by  canal  with  Chicago].  By 
other  stations  to 

La  Salle,  flourishing  town  and  coal  centre  on  the 
Illinois  river.  [Connections,  north  to  -Mendota  and 
Freeport,  south  to  Bloomington  and  Springfield,  by 
Illinois  Central  road;  also  by  steamer  to  St.  Louis]. 
La  Salle,  by  Bureau,  [connection  southward  to 
Peoria'] ; by  Pond  Greek,  and  other  minor  stations, 
to 

Kock  Island,  important  town  on  the  Mississippi, 
with  extensive  manufactures  and  river  trade.  [Con- 
nections northeast  to  Freeport,  etc.;  southeast  to 
Peoria;  south  to  Alton  and  St.  Louis;  also  by  steam- 
boat to  St.  Louis].  From  Eock  Island,,  by  bridge 
over  the  Mississippi,  to 

Davenport  (Iowa)  large  town  on  the  western 
bank  of  that  river,  with  water  power,  manufactures, 
Griswold  and  other  Colleges,  an  02')era  House,  etc. 
[Connections,  substantially  same  as  Eock  Island]. 
Davenport  to  Wilton,  [connection  southwestward  to 
Muscatine,  Washington,  and  the  Kansas  Pacific 
road;  to  Moscow  [connection,  by  Ashland,  with  Des 
Moines  Valley  road]  ; to 

West  Liberty  [connection  south  to  Burlington; 
nortli  to  Cedar  Papids.,  etc.] ; to 

loica  City,  on  the  Iowa  river,  formerly  capital  of 
the  State,  and  now  with  State  University,  manufac- 
tures, etc.  By  other  stations  to  Grinnell,  seat  of 
Iowa  College  [connections  north  to  Mason  City, 
etc.;  south  to  Ottumwa^  etc.]  By  other  stations  to 


ROUTE  NO.  21. ---FAR  WESTERN 


265 


Des  Moines,  capital  of  tbe  State  of  Iowa,  thriving 
manufacturing  town  and  coal  centre,  at  the  conflu- 
ence of  Des  Moines  and  Raccoon  river,  with  magnifi- 
cent State  House  in  course  of  erection,  [Connec- 
tions, northwest  to  Fort  Dodge  and  Sioux  City; 
southeast  to  Ottumwa,  Keokuk,  etc.]  Des  Moines, 
by  Dexter,  Casey,  Atlantic,  and  other  stations,  to 

Council  Bluffs  and  Omiha.  (See  route  Chicago, 
Burlington  and  Quincy  route  over  the  same  distance, 
lately  preceding.) 

Division  B, 

OMAHA  TO  OGDEN,  SALT  LAKE  CITY,  AND  SAN 
FRANCISCO. 

Omaha,  Nebraska,  on  the  western  side  of  the  Mis- 
souri river,  opposite  Council  Bluffs,  well  located,  and 
unprecedentedly  rapid  in  growth,  though  deriving 
its  principal  importance  from  the  great  Pacific 
transit  through  it,  and  the  commercial  supply  of  a 
wide  section,  making  it  the  central  point  between 
Chicago  and  San  Francisco.  Communication  with 
Council  Bluffs  by  ferry  boat,  and  by  the  magnificent 
iron  bridge  now  crossing  the  Missouri  [Connec- 
tions: (besides  the  routes  just  traversed)  southeast 
to  Ottumwa,  Keokuk,  Burlinglton  and  St.  Louis,  by 
the  Chicago,  Burlington  and  Qaincy;  north  to  Cali- 
fornia Junction  and  Sioux  City;  south  to  St.  Joseph, 
Kansas  City  and  Topeka,  capital  of  the  State  of 
Kansas;  etc.] 

[Before  proceeding  westward  from  Omaha,  on  the 
great  Pacific  route,  a few  observations  are  worthy  of 


266 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


notice.  First,  no  apprehensions  of  the  length  of 
the  road  need  be  entertained,  as  to  anything  more 
than  easily-endnrable  fatigue — the  road,  through- 
out, from  Omaha  to  the  Pacific,  being  thoroughly 
well  laid,  a large  proportion  of  it  straight  and  level, 
and  the  moderate  rate  of  speed  making  the  motion 
smooth  and  easy,  so  that  reading,  writing,  card- 
playing, conversation  or  eating  (if  lunch  is  carried), 
are  all  practicable  and  easy  throughout.  Secmid,  to 
secure  the  full  charm  of  the  route,  berths  in  the 
Pullman  Sleeping  Carriages,  advisable  elsewhere, 
are  almost  indispensable  for  the  night-and-day 
travel  on  the  Union  Pacific  road,  as  ai^e  the  Silver 
Palace  Cars  of  the  same  character  correspondingly 
necessary  beyond  Ogden,  on  the  Central  Pacific 
road.  The  cost  of  using  these  coaches,  with  freer 
room  and  greater  privileges  by  day  and  comfortable 
sleeping-accommodations  by  night,  will  be  found 
but  a trifle  added  to  the  price  of  tickets  (only  $8.0(>, 
Omaha  to  Ogden ; $G.0Q,  Ogden  to  the  Pacific);  and 
no  wiser  additional  outlay  can  be  made,  as  no  more 
complete  luxury  can  be  found  in  any  line  of  travel. 
Third,  the  trains  stop  at  convenient  stations  for 
meals,  which  will  be  found  good  enough  for  all 
practical  purposes,  and  many  excellent ; though 
parties  of  several  persons  will  probably  add  to  their 
comfort  by  taking  lunch-baskets,  prepared  food,  and 
what  drinks  they  may  prefer,  and  having  tables  set 
for  them  in  the  cars,  at  leisure,  by  the  stewards  or 
porters.  Fourth,  at  some  portions  of  the  long  r>de 


ROUTE  No.  2L^FAR  WESTERN 


267 


there  is  always  dust,  and  linen  or  other  dusters  (wraps) 
are  indispensable;  while  the  same  stout  clothing 
needed  nearly  all  the  year  at  San  Francisco  and 
other  places  on  the  immediate  Pacific  coast,  is  often 
found  pleasant  at  that  point  of  the  route  which 
crosses  the  Kocky  Mountains.  Fifths  to  the  intel- 
ligent and  observing,  the  ride  is  by  no  means  monot- 
onous, at  least  on  the  first  crossing — the  infinite 
variety  of  scenery  making  such  monotony  impos- 
sible. The  first  few  hours  from  Omaha  show  the 
Prairies,  in  perfection,  with  an  absolute  level,  fer- 
tility, though  without  wood,  the  Platte  river  on  the 
left,  and  a sea  of  living  green;  the  second  day 
changes  the  prairies  to  the  Plains,  with  less  fertility, 
some  blufi*s,  and  low  river  scenery;  while,  also  on 
the  second  day,  the  snow-crested  Eocky  Mountains 
are  seen,  the  route  of  travel  roughens,  and  the 
mountains  themselves  are  crossed ; to  these  succeed 
the  High  Plains  of  Laramie;  then  the  Desert,  with 
rocky  bluflFs;  then  the  Wahsatch  Mountains,  gener- 
ally snow-crowned,  and  the  grand  scenery  of  Echo 
and  Weber  Canons,  penetrating  through  them,  to 
Ogden  (with  its  detour  of  Salt  Lake  City).  Beyond 
Ogden  occurs,  first^  grand  scenery  on  the  left,  of  the 
Wahsatch,  the  Great  Salt  Lake,  etc.;  then  succeed 
the  Great  American  Desert,  with  its  characteristics 
of  desolation  indicated  by  the  name — the  Valley  of 
the  Humboldt,  with  some  approach  to  fertility- 
followed  by  the  Great  Nevada  Sandy  Desert,  more 
desolate  than  any  preceding,  but  curious  in  its 


268 


• SHORT-miP  GUIDE, 


blufifs  and  rock  formations.  Then  follow  the  noble 
and  wild  scenery  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mountains, 
nearly  always  snow-crowned,  the  tremendous  passes 
over  and  around  the  summits  of  those  mountains,* 
with  nearly  forty  miles  of  snow-sheds,  views  of  the 
great  gold-mining  sections  and  operations,  the  thril- 
ling descent  of  the  Sierras,  to  the  English-looking 
and  fertile  plains  of  California.] 

The  following  table  shows  all  the  stations  between 
Omaha  and  San  Francisco,  on  both  the  Union  and 
Central  Pacific  roads,  with  the  distances  from 
Omaha,  and  the  altitudes  of  all  points  above  sea-'- 
level.  Those  in  capitals  are  the  more  important 
stations;  and  in  notes  following,  and  marked  by 
reference  letters  (a,  5,  c,  etc.)  will  be  found  some  of 
the  notable  features  of  the  route,  the  connections,  etc. 
General  eating-stations  are  designated,  in  the  notes, 
by  the  initials  G.  E.  S.” 


Distances 

from 

OMAHA. 

STATIONS. 

Elevations. 

OMAHA  DEPOT 

966 

4 

. . i Summit  Siding 

1142 

10 

Gilmore  a 

976 

15 

Papillon 

972 

29 

Elkhorn  h 

1150 

35 

Valley 

1120 

47 

Fremont  c - 

1176 

54 

Ketehum 

1270 

62 

Noi  th  Pend  d 

1259 

69 

1359 

ROUTE  NO.  21.— FAR  WESTERN. 


269 


DiEtances 

from 

OMAHA. 

STATIONS. 

Elevations. 

76 

Schuyler 

1335 

84 

Richland 

1440 

92 

Columbus  e 

1432 

90 

Jackson 

1470 

109 

Silver  Creek 

1534 

121 

Clark’s 

1610 

132 

Lone  Tree 

1686 

142 

Chapman’s 

1760 

148 

Lockwood 

1800 

154 

. GRAND  ISLAND  e\ 

1850 

162 

Alda 

1907 

172 

Wood  River 

1974 

183 

Gibbon 

2046 

191 

2106 

201 

Stevenson. 

2170 

212 

Elm  Creek 

2241 

221 

Overton 

2305 

230 

Plum  Creek  g 

2370 

240 

Cayote 

2440 

250 

2511 

260 

2570 

268 

2637 

278 

2695 

285 

2752 

291 

NORTH  PLATTE  i 

2789 

299 

2882 

308 

2976 

315 

Dexter 

3000 

322 

Alkali 

3038 

332 

3105 

342 

3190 

351 

3266 

361 

3325 

369 

3421 

377 

3500 

387 

3702 

897 

3800 

408 

4022 

270 


SnOET-TIilP  GUIDE. 


Distances 

from 

OMAUA. 

STATIONS. 

Elevations. 

1 

1 

414 

SIDNEY  ?c 

4073 

423 

Brownson 

4200 

433 

Potter  . - 

4^370 

442 

Bennett 

4580 

451 

Antelope 

4712 

463 

Biishnell 

4860 

473 

5026 

484 

Egbert 

5272 

496 

Hillsdale  m 

5591 

508 

Archer 

COOO 

516 

CHEYENNE  n 

6011 

523 

Hazard 

6325 

531 

6724 

536 

Granite  Canon 

7298 

542 

Buford 

7780 

549 

Sherman  o 

8242 

558 

.Harney 

7857 

564 

Red  Buttes 

7336 

570 

..Port  Saunders 

7163 

573 

LARAMIE  p 

7123 

581 

Howell 

7090 

587 

Wyoming  

7068 

602 

Cooper’s  Lake 

7044 

606 

Lookout 

7169 

638 

Como 

6680 

645 

Medicine  Bow 

6550 

656 

Carbon  q 

6750 

662 

Simpson. 

6898 

669 

Percy  r 

6950 

675 

Dana 

6875 

680 

St.  Mary’s  

6751 

688 

Walcott 

6800 

690 

6840 

704 

6560 

709 

RAWLINS 

6732 

716 

6821 

723 

600^^ 

730 

ROUTE  NO.  21.— FAR  WESTERN. 


271 


Distances  I 

from  1 

OMAHA.  I 

STATIONS. 

Elevations. 

737 

7030 

744 

Latbam 

6900 

752 

Wash-a*kie 

6697 

761 

Red  Desert 

6710 

775 

Table  Rock 

6890 

785 

Bitter  Creek 

6685 

794 

Black  Buttes 

6600 

798 

Hallville 

6590 

805 

Point  of  Rocks 

6490 

817 

Salt  Wells 

6360 

825 

6300 

831 

6280 

839 

Lawrence 

6200 

845 

GREEN  RIVER  u 

6140 

858 

6340 

867 

6245 

876 

6270 

887 

Church  Buttes  w 

6317 

896 

Hampton 

6500 

904 

Carter  x 

6550 

913 

Bridjrer 

6780 

928 

7123 

937 

6540 

944 

7835 

950 

6790 

614 

6810 

623 

6690 

630 

W^ileox 

7033 

957 

EVANSTON,  Utah  y 

6870 

966 

6879 

975 

Castle  Rock  z 

6290 

982 

5974 

991 

5315 

999 

Weber  Quarry 

5250 

1007 

5130 

1015 

4963 

1019 

4870 

1024 

4560 

272 

xn  • 

p s® 

^ 2 

ft  o 

1032 

1040 

1055 

1073 

3084 

1092 

1105 

1123 

1139 

1153 

1178 

1187 

1197 

1206 

1215 

1227 

1236 

1251 

1259 

1283 

1297 

1307 

1319 

1330 

1339 

1858 

1368 

1379 

1391 

1410 

1434 

1451 

1472 

1492 

1514 

1525 

1541 

1553 


Jti 

a 

a 

> 

S 

4340 

4310 

4294 

4360 

4943 

4600 

4290 

4500 

4821 

4450 

4400 

4600 

4800 

5409 

5964 

6180 

6115 

5650 

5418 

5220 

5100 

5030 

5000 

4930 

4870 

4717 

4665 

4575 

4534 

4449 

4419 

4355 

4354 

4262 

4206 

4100 

3955 

3921 


SHORT- TRIP  GUIDE, 


STATIONS. 


OGDElSr  aa 

Bonneville 

Corinne  bb 

Blue  Creek 

Promontory  cc  , ,, 

Rozel 

Monument  dd..., 

Kelton  ee 

Matlin. , ...... 

Terrace 

Lucin 

Tecoma,  Nevada. . . , 

Montello  ...... 

Loray 

TOANO  ff 

Pequop 

Independence 

Wells  gg 

Tulasco 

Halleck  

Osino  Tih 

.Elko  a 

Moleen 

CAR  LIN  4? 

Palisade 4;*  . ... 

Be-o-wa-we 

Shoshone 

Ar^enta  kk 

Battle  Mountain  kk  f . 

Stone  House 

Golconda 

WINNEMUCCA  IL 

Raspberry 

Humboldt  mm, , . . 

Oreana 

Lovelock’s 

Brown’s 

White  Plains 


ROUTE  NO.  21.— FAR  WESTERN. 


273 


Distances 

from 

OMADA. 

STATIONS. 

Elevations. 

1568 

4098 

1587 

WADSWORlll  nn 

4104 

1602 

Clark’s 

4290 

1614 

Vista 

4400 

4622 

Reno  00 

4525 

1633 

Verdi,  California  pp 

4915 

1648 

.Boca 

5560 

1657 

TRUCKEE  qq 

5866 

167i 

Summit  rr. 

7042 

1684 

Cisco 

5911 

1692 

Emigrant  Gap  ss 

5309 

1697 

Blue  Canon 

4700 

1706 

Alta 

3625 

1700 

Dutch  Flat 

8425 

1711 

Gold  Run  tt 

8245 

1722 

Coif  ax  uu 

8448 

1740 

Auburn 

1385 

1745 

NTewcastle 

920 

1754 

Rocklin 

269 

1758 

189 

1768 

76 

1776 

SACRAMENTO  w 

56 

1803 

Galt 

73 

1824 

46 

1834 

48 

1867 

520 

1893 

148 

1914 

114 

3909 

Oakland  zz 

0 

1914 

.'....SAN  FRANCISCO 

0 

NOTES. 

a.  Gibnore^  entrance  of  the  Pa’'illon  Yalley. 

b.  BUdwrUy  entrance  of  the  Platte  Valley,  and  crossing 
of  the  Elkhorn  river. 

c.  Fremont^  connection  with  the  Chicago  and  Nortb- 
WeBtern  road,  by  California  Junction.  Gi.  E.  S. 


S74 


SnORT^TEIP  QVIDE. 


d.  North  Bend,  with  first  views  of  the  Platte  river  on  t?*e 
left. 

e.  Columbus^  with  bridge  across  the  Platte,  and  railroad 
crossing  the  Loup  Fork  near. 

ef . Grand  Island,  important  station.  G.  E.  S. 

f.  Kearney,  supply  station  for  Fort  Kearney,  in  the  to* 
mediate  neighborhood. 

g.  Plum  Greek,  scene  of  the  Plum  Creek  Massacre  of  rail- 
road employees,  1868. 

h.  McPherson,  supply  station  for  Fort  McPherson  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  river. 

i.  North  Platte,  with  extensive  machine-shop  of  the  rail- 
way company. 

j.  Juleshurg,  with  Fort  Sedgwick  near — the  place  having 
«ome  activity  and  the  reputation  of  being  the  wickedest  in 
the  world,  during  the  railway  building,  but  now  stripped 
and  in  decay. 

k.  Sidney,  important  station,  with  railway  repair-shops^ 
and  Sidney  Barracks,  military  station,  adjoining.  G.  E.  S. 

l.  Pine  Bluffs,  with  singular  rock  scenery  in  the  neigh- 
borhood. 

m. .  Hillsdale,  with  first  views,  near,  of  the  Black  Hills, 
the  snow-crowned  peaks  of  the  Rocky  Mountains ; and 
Pike’s  Peak,  Long’s  and  Spanish  Peaks,  of  the  Colorado 
Mountains,  often  visible  at  the  south-west,  at  the  incredible 
distance  of  170  miles. 

n.  CrEEYENisrE,  principal  station  between  Omaha  and 
Ogden,  with  railway  shops.  Point  of  connection,  by  the 
Denver  Pacific  road,  with  Denver  ; and  thence,  by  the  Kan- 
sas Pacific  road,  with  Topeka,  Lawrence  and  other  Kansas 
towns,  and  St.  Lours.  Also,  by  the  road  to  Denver,  and 
stages  thence,  with  Central  City,  Golden  City,  Pikers  Peak, 
and  other  mountain  and  mining  centres  of  Colorado.  Also, 
central  military  station  of  the  Plains,  G.  E.  S. 

o.  Sherman,  highest  point  of  the  railway  over  the  Rocky 
Mountains,  and  also  highest  railway-station  in  the  world, 
with  altitude  of  8,242  feet. 

p.  Laramie,  important  station,  with  railway  machine- 
shops,  near  the  Korth  Park  on  the  south  and  the  Black  Hills 
on  the  north,  and  very  favorable  for  residence  and  mountain 
rambles.  G.  E.  S. 

q.  Carbon,  with  coal-mines  in  the  neighborhood. 

r.  Percy,  with  fine  views  of  Eik  Mountain. 

s.  SL  Mary's,  with  wild  and  rugged  scenery  in  the  vic^'*'  . 
itv,  and  a crossing  of  the  Laramie  river. 


ROUTE  No.  21.’-FaR  WESTERN. 


275 


t.  Greston,  at  the  summit  of  the  dividing-ridge  of  the 
continent,  though  really  lower  than  Sherman. 

u.  Green  River^  thriving  village,  fording-place  of  the 
old  Overland  Stage  line,  and  with  fine  views  of  the  Uintah 
Mountains  at  the  south,  and  the  Wind  River  Mountains  at 
the  north.  G.  E.  S. 

V.  Bi'yan^  important  station,  and  point  of  connection,  by 
stage,  with  the  Sweet  Water  mining  region  and  the  once 
popular  South  Pass  of  the  Overland  emigration. 

w.  Church  Buttes^  with  singular  rock  formations  in  the 
neighborhood,  giving  it  the  name;  and  the  chief  place  of 
supply  of  the  celebrated  moss-agates  of  the  section. 

X.  Carter^  supply  station  for  Fort  Bridger,  near. 

y.  Emnston,  new  but  thriving  town  of  Utah,  with  repn- 
tation  for  supplying  the  alkali  bread,  of  peculiar  excellence; 
and  the  point  at  which,  when  available,  the  open  “ observa» 
tion  car”  is  attached  to  the  westward-bound  train,  for  favor- 
able views  of  the  snow-crowned  Wahsatch  mountains,  and 
through  Echo  and  Weber  Canons.  G.  E.  S. 

z.  Castle  Rock,  entrance  to  the  grand  rock  scenery  of 
Echo  Canon,  and  of  Weber  Canon,  lollowing,  with  Pulpit 
Rock,  the  Thousand  Mile  Tree,  the  Devil’s  Gate,  Devil’s 
Siide^  and  other  notable  features  of  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able passes  on  the  continent. 

aa.  Ogden,  termination  of  the  Union  Pacific  road,  and 
commencement  of  the  Central  Pacific;  Mormon  town  of 
some  prosperity,  and  with  grand  scenery  at  the  north,  in 
in  Ogden  and  other  Canons.  Also,  point  of  departure,  by  the 
Utah  Central  railroad,  for  Salt  Lake  City  (see  that  detour, 
Division  D,  following),  and  for  northern  points  by  the  Utah 
Northern  road.  G.  E.  S. 

bb.  Corinne,  important  station  near  the  Great  Salt  Lake, 
with  stage  connection  to  the  Lake,  and  by  boat  to  Salt  Lake 
City ; also  stage  connection  to  Virginia:,  Helena,  and  other 
mountain  and  mining  towns  of  Nevada  and  Montana. 

cc.  Proinontory — Promontory  Point,  so  called  from  strange 
rock  protuberances  near  it ; the  spot  where  the  “ last  spike’’ 
of  the  connecting  roads  was  driven  on  the  10th  May,  1869, 
and  where  the  connection  of  the  two  roads  was  expected  to 
be  made,  until  transferred  to  Ogden  by  Act  of  Congress. 

dd.  Monument,  commencement  of  the  Great  American 
Desert. 

ee.  Kelton,  with  connection  by  stage  to  Boise  City,  Rocky 
Bar,  and  other  mining  sections  in  Idaho,  and  thence  to  citief 

of  Oregon. 


SHOUT-TRIP  GVIHE. 


s:o 

ff.  Toano,  important  station,  at  near  the  entrance  to  the 
Humboldt  Valley.  G.  E.  S. 

gg.  Wells,  with  the  Humboldt  Wells  and  their  fertile 
oases  in  the  neighborhood,  and  point  of  stage  departure  for 
Pioche,  Nevada,  and  northern  mines. 

hh.  Osino,  western  termination  of  the  Humboldt  Valley, 
ii.  Elko,  important  station  and  thriving  town  of  Nevada, 
with  stage  and  wagon  connections  to  White  Pine,  Wyoming, 
Cape  District,  and  other  mining  districts. 

jj.  Carlin,  another  important  station,  and  rival  of  Elko. 
G.  E.  S. 

jj*.  Palisade,  connection  with  Eureka  and  Palisade  R.  R., 
and  with  stage  for  White  Pine  district. 

kk.  Armenia,  with  stage  connections  to  Austin  and  Bel- 
mont, and  distributing  trade  to  Reese  river  and  White  Pine 
mining  districts. 

kk.  Battle  Mountain,  G.  E.  S.  Stage  for  Austin  City, 
Nevada. 

11.  Winnemucca,  with  railway  shops  and  mining  trade 
and  stage  connection  to  Boise  City,  Paradise,  Silver  City,  etc. 
Also,  virtual  commencement  of  the  Great  Nevada  Sandy 
Desert. 

mm.  Humboldt,  with  bridge  crossing  of  the  Humboldt 
river,  and  Sink  of  the  Humboldt  visible  at  the  left.  G.  E.  S. 

nn.  Wadsworth,  western  termination  of  the  Great  Nevada 
Desert,  and  commencement  of  ascent  of  the  Sierra  Nevada 
Mountains.  Also,  with  extensive  workshops,  and  with  Pyra- 
mid Lake  at  some  twenty  miles  due  northward. 

oo.  Reno,  important  station,  on  the  Truckee  river,  and 
great  mining  center  of  supplies  and  transportation,  with 
Virginia  & Truckee  R.  R.,  to  Carson  City,  Virginia  City, 
Gold  Hill,  Washoe,  etc. 
pp.  Yerdi,  point  of  entering  California, 
qq.  Truckee,  thriving  town,  with,  numerous  saw  mills 
and  many  characteristics  of  the  early  California  towns. 
Point  of  detour  from  the  railway,  by  stage  to  Lake  Tahoe, 
15  miles  southward  (see  Division  E),  and  to  Lake  Homier, 
at  a short  distance  northward.  Has  fine  mountain  scenery 
in  the  neighborhood,  and  thence  westward  up  the  Sierra, 
though  with  many  interruptions  from  the  snow- sheds.  Not 
far  westward  from  Truckee  are  caught  noble  views  of  Lake 
Donner,  lying  far  below,  to  the  right. 

rr.  Summit,  highest  point  of  the  railway  over  the  Sierra 
Nevada,  almost  always  with  much  snow  in  the  neighbor'- 
hood,  and  surrounded  by  snow  sheds.  G E.  S. 

ss.  Emigrant  Gap,  at  and  beyond  which  may  be  said  to 
commence  the  grand  scenery  of  the  descent  of  the  Sierras, 


ROUTE  NO.  21.— FAR  WESTERN 


21Qa 


of  wliicli  the  two  most  striking  points  are  the  great  Ameri- 
can Canon,  and  Cape  Horn. 

tt.  Gold  Ruriy  in  the  neighborhood  of  which,  from  the 
road,  may  be  surveyed  many  of  the  effects  and  some  of  the 
processes  of  hydraulic  gold-mining  in  California. 

uu.  Colfax y important  station,  and  point  at  which  ceases 
the  very  steep  descent  of  the  Sierras.  G.  E.  S. 

uu*.  Junctioriy  connection  with  Oregon  Division  for  Marys- 
ville, Chico,  Red  Bluff,  and  Redding. 

vv.  Sacramento,  capital  of  California,  lying  on  the  Sa- 
cramento river,  with  a very  handsome  Capitol  not  yet  fin- 
ished, a large  amount  of  trade  by  river  and  otherwise,  the 
Tolo  Bridge  over  the  river.  Central'  Pacific  Railway  WorkSy 
and  many  attractions  as  a residence.  [Steamboat  commu- 
nication down  the  Sacramento  river,  by  Amador y Beniciay 
Vallejo y etc.,  supplying  very  pleasant  transit  to  San  Fran- 
CISCO.]  Connection  with  California  Pacific  R.  R.  G.  E.  S. 

ww.  Stockton y large  town  of  the  San  Joaquin  Valley,  at 
the  head  of  navigation  on  the  San  Joaquin  river,  mining 
emporium,  wheat- center,  and  one  of  the  points  of  departure 
for  the  Big  Trees  of  Calaveras,  the  Yo  Semite  Valley,  etc., 
Stockton  & Copperopolis,  and  Stockton  & Visalia  R.  R's., 
for  Milton  and  Oak  Dale. 

XX.  Lathropy  thriving  town  of  San  Joaquin  Valley,  point 
of  junction  of  the  Visalia  Division  of  the  C.  P.  R.  E.,  and 
another  of  the  favorite  points  of  departure  for  the  Yo 
Semite.  G.  E.  S. 

yy.  Niles y connection  by  branch  rail  to  San  JosCy  pleasant 
town  south-east  of  San  Francisco,  thence  to  the  latter  city 
by  all  rail. 

zz.  Oaklandy  thriving  town  and  favorite  residence,  cele- 
brated for  its  growth  of  live  oaks,  and  as  being  the  site  of 
the  University  of  California.  Terminus  of  the  Central 
Pacific  road,  whence  ferry  to  San  Francisco. 

Division  O. 

SAF  FRANCISCO,  WITH  SHORT  EXCURSIONS. 

San  Francisco,  called  the  “Metropolis  of  the 
Pacific,”  as  well  as  the  “ Golden  City,”  lies  on  the 
western  side  of  the  Bay  of  the  same  name,  with 
entrance  to  the  Pacific  Ocean  through  the  “ Golden 
Gate.”  It  is  immense  in  trade  and  wealth,  with 


27G5 


SHOUT-TRIP  GUIDR 


singularly  varied  and  sometimes-trying  climate,  and 
a dashing  enterprise  unparalleled  elsewhere.  Cali-- 
fornia,  Montgomery,  Clay,  Bush,  Washington,  Kear- 
ney, Stockton  and  Dupont,  are  among  the  principal 
streets ; and  Market  street  divides  them  between 
north  and  south,  as  in  Philadelphia.  Montgomery 
Avenue,  recently  opened,  supplies  one  of  the  finest 
thoroughfares  through  the  city.  Telegraph  Hill,  at 
the  northern  side,  gives  a splendid  view  of  the  city 
and  harbor,  and  many  of  the  distant  mountains. 

Among  the  leading  Public  Buildings  are  the  Z7.  8, 
Mint,  new  and  magnificent,  at  Mission  and  Fifth 
streets;  the  Custom  House  (with  Post  Office),  Mer- 
chants' Exchange,  California  street ; Nevada  Bank ; 
Safe  Deposite  Company's  Building,  &c.  ; New  City 
Hall  (building,  Yerba  Buena  Park);  U.  S.  Marine 
Hospital,  Mission  street ; Roman  Catholic  Orphan 
Asylum,  Market  street;  St  Ignatius  College,  Market 
street,  etc.  Prominent  Churches:  Grace  Church 
(Epis.) ; Rev,  Dr,  Stone's;  St,  Mary's  and  St,  Patrick's 
Cathedrals  (Cath.);  Calvary  Presbyterian;  Fust  Meth- 
odist; First  Baptist;  Jeiuish  Synagogue  Emanuel;  Mar- 
iners' Church,  etc.  Leading  Theatres : the  California, 
and  two  additional,  of  elegance  and  completeness, 
recently  erected.  Chinese  Theatres:  Dupont  street, 
and  Jackson  street.  Leading  Hotels:  the  Occidental, 
Palace,  Cosmopolitan,  Grand,  Lick  House,  &c. 

Other  Features  of  Interest  will  be  found,  The 
Chinese,  whose  head-quarters  in  the  Western  World 
are  at  San  Francisco,  and  in  whose  “ quarter,”  ‘‘  Joss 
House”  or  Temple,  and  Theatre,  much  experience 
may  be  gained;  Woodvjardis  Gardens,  wi!th  very  fine 


noxTTE  m,  21.— iJMij  westebn. 


2765 


collections  in  Natural  History  and  a Hall  for  public 
amusements;  tlie  City  Water  Works,  etc. 

Near  Excursions  will  include  those  to  Lone  Moun- 
tain Cemetery,  with  fine  outlook,  tombs  of  Broderick, 
Col.  Baker,  and  others  ; to  Golden  Gate  Park,  re- 
cently opened,  and  one  of  the  just  prides  of  the  city; 
to  the  Cliff  House  and  Seal  Bock,  with  the  seals  al- 
ways crowning  the  latter  (favorite  drive  or  horse- 
cars,  with  stages  connecting) ; to  the  Ocean  House 
and  Place  Course,  near  the  latter ; to  the  Hunter's 
Point  Dry  Docks;  to  the  Mission  Dolores  (street  car) ; 
to  the  Presidio,  Fort  Point,  etc.,  (drive  or  street  car); 
and  many  others,  locally  directed,  for  longer  sojourn- 
ers. There  are  also  ferries  to  Oakland,  San  Antonio, 
Alameda,  Contra  Costa,  San  Quentin  and  Saucelito, 
[Connections  from  San  Francisco.  By  rail  to 
Saceamento,  Marysville,  Oroville,  Shasta,  (Shasta 
Butte-Mountain)  Vreka  and  other  towns  north  ; to 
Stockton,  San  Jose,  Visalia,  and  other  towns,  and 
New  Almaden  Mines,  south  ; eastward  to  Salt  Lake 
City,  Omaha,  and  the  East,  by  route  just  traversed. 
(Eailway  being  laid,  further  north,  to  Oregon  City, 
PoETLAND,  Vancouver,  etc.)  By  river-steamer  to 
Saceamento.  By  sea-steamer  on  the  Pacific,  to 
Monterey,  St  Luis,  Santa  Barbara,  Acapulco,  and 
other  towns  on  the  Pacific,  southward  ; with  con- 
nection at  Panama  with  the  Panama  Eailway  and 
steamers  on  the  Atlantic  from  Aspinwall  to  New 
Yoek.  Also  by  sea-steamer  north  to  Poetland  and 
other  towns  of  Oregon.  Also  by  sea-steamer  to  the 
Sandwich  Islands,  with  connection  thence  to  Aus- 
TEALiA.  Also  by  Pacific  Mail  steamers  to  Japan 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


21M 

and  Chiita,  with  connections  to  British  Ikdia^ 
the  Peninsular  and  Oriental  steamers  and  overland 
route  to  Egypt,  Mediterranean  and  Europe.] 

Division  D. 

DETOUR  EROM  OGDEH  TO  SALT  LAKE  CITY. 

Leave  Ogden  by  cars  of  the  Utah  Central  Eail way, 
down  the  Great  Salt  Lake  Valley,  with  the  Wahsatch 
Mountains  (a  part  of  them  always  snow-crowned) 
rising  boldly  on  the  left  and  forming  the  eastern 
rim  of  the  valley ; and  the  Great  Salt  Lake,  with 
encircling  mountains  and  bold  islands,  forming  the 
western  boundary.  ’ The  valley  is  very  fertile,  though 
needing  and  receiving  constant  irrigation  on  account 
of  deficient  rain ; and  the  Mormon  farms  and  home- 
steads line  the  eastern  side  of  the  valley,  and  nestle 
under  the  mountains  the  whole  distance.  Passing 
through  the  settlements  of  Kaysville,  Farmington^ 
CentrevilUy  and  Bountiful,  at  36  miles  from  Ogden 
is  reached 

Salt  Lake  City,  lying  at  the  southern  extremity 
of  the  fertile  portion  of  the  Valley,  with  marshy 
ground  extending  for  some  miles  southward  from  it 
and  westward  to  the  lake.  It  is  well  laid  out,  with 
broad  and  well-shaded  streets,  streams  of  water  run- 
ning through  many  of  them,  though  little  that  is 
complinaentary  can  be  said  of  the  houses,  a large 
proportion  of  them  ill-built  of  adobe  or  wood.  A 
full  view  of  the  noble  Wahsatch  Range  is  com- 


nOUTE  No.  21.— FAH  western.  2766 

manded  from  every  portion  of  the  town.  Two 
wagon  roads,  leading  southward  and  eastward  to  the 
mines  and  mountain  settlements,  enter  the  city  at 
the  eastward,  through  Emigrant  and  Parley  Oafions. 
There  is  also  stage  connection  from  the  City,  for 
ProvOy  Fillmore^  San  Bernardino,  and  other  towns 
in  Lower  California,  and  for  StocMon  and  Rush 
Valley  in  the  West.  Salt  Lake  City,  from  its  com- 
mencement, the  home  of  the  Mormon  religion  and 
ascendancy,  is  now  growing  to  be  a great  mining 
exchange,  its  character  becoming  Gentilized  and 
revolutionized. 

Among  the  most  notable  buildings  in  the  city  are 
the  Tabernacle,  an  immense,  oval,  round-roofed 
structure,  with  very  large  organ  and  wonderfully 
good  acoustic  properties,  in  which  the  denomi- 
national services  of  the  Mormons  are  held ; the  Old 
Tabernacle  near  the  other,  and  much  smaller,  for  use 
in  winter ; the  Bee  Hive  and  Lion  Hotcses  of  Brigham 
Young,  standing  near  together,  with  the  Eagle  Gate 
between  them;  the  City  Hall,  a very  creditable 
structure ; the  Theatre,  one  of  the  most  commodious 
in  the  West,  and  noted  for  the  boxes  devoted  to 
President  Brigham  Young’s  extensive  family ; the 
foundations  of  the  Temple,  near  the  Tabernacle ; 
some  of  the  shops,  with  the  Z.  C.  M.  I.”  (Zion’s 
Co-operative  Mercantile  Institution)  on  their  signs, 
showing  the  Mormon  proclivities  of  the  dealers.  The 
principal  business  street  is  Mam  or  East  Temple 
street.  Visits  may  profitably  be  paid  to  Camp 


276/ 


SEOET-TEIP  GUIDE. 


Douglas^  the  U.  S,  Military  Station,  three  miles  from 
the  city,  eastward,  on  a fine  elevated  plateau  under 
the  mountains ; to  the  Cemetery ^ north-east  of  the 
city,  and  remarkable  for  being  without  shade ; to 
the  Tithmg  Store^  where  the  denominational  dues  are 
paid;  to  Ensign  Pealc,  for  fine  views:  to  the  Warm 
Springs^  the  Hot  Springs,  the  Canyons,  etc.,  near 
the  City.  Hotels : the  Walher  (new).  Salt  Lalce  and 
Townsend. 

Eeturn  to  Ogden  for  pursuance  of  route  westward. 

Division  E. 

DETOUR  TO  LAKE  TAHOE. 

. For  this  halt  is  made  at  Truckee  (see  that  point 
in  Division  B) ; and  the  lying  over  of  one  train,  or 
one  day,  will  allow  of  a hurried  visit  to  it,  though 
much  more  time  should  be  consumed. 

From  Truckee  by  stage  fifteen  miles,  along  the 
banks  of  the  bright  little  Truckee  river  the  whole 
distance,  and  over  a very  fair  mountain  road.  An 
object  of  great  interest  is  passed  on  the  way,  and 
should  receive  attention — the  Tahoe  Fisheries,  at 
which,  in  pools,  fine  trout  of  all  sizes  and  ages  may 
be  seen,  while  in  a building  adjoining,  the  whole 
process  of  incubation  is  shown. 

Lake  Tahoe  (often  called  by  Californians  ^^Lake 
Bigler,^^  and  so  officially  named),  is  undoubtedly 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  bodies  of  water  in  any  land, 
as  it  is  the  highest- lying  large  lake  in  the  world.  It 
is  thirty-two  miles  in  length,  by  ten  in  breadth,  and 


ROUTE  NO,  21.— ZAi?  WESTERN  %Ug 

lies  bosomed  in  tlie  snow-clad  Sierras,  wbich  inclose 
it  on  the  east,  south  and  west,  noble  pine  forests 
forming  the  border.  The  water  of  the  lake  is  won-i^ 
drously  clear  and  blue,  so  that,  when  in  repose,  fish 
and  other  objects  can  be  readily  discerned  at  a depth 
of  thirty  or  forty  feet.  It  is  also  very  cold,  but  has 
the  peculiarity  of  never  freezing  in  winter — possibly 
on  account  of  the  depth,  which  has  been  found  to  be 
1,700  feet  in  the  middle. 

There  are  two  small  but  commodious  steamboats 
on  the  lake,  besides  sail  and  row-boats ; and  a variety 
of  excursions,  in  these,  to  Cornelian  and  Emerald 
Bays,  and  other  points  of  interest,  may  be  made ; or 
the  whole  lake  may  be  ridden  around  by  carriage, 
passing  the  same  Bays,  Lake  Valley,  Tahoe  City, 
etc.  Hotel : the  Tahoe  House. 

Return  to  Truckee,  for  pursuing  route  by  rail. 

Lahe  Bonner  (much  smaller  than  Tahoe,  and  seen 
from  the  rail)  may  also  be  reached  from  Truckee  in 
a comparatively  brief  ride  by  carriage. 

Division  F. 

TO  THE  BIG  TREES  AIID  YO-SEillTE  VALLEY. 

For  this  double  visit  (the  two  great  natural  curi- 
osities lying  in  such  directions  that  they  should  be 
taken  in  connection),  several  difierent  routes  offer ^ 
themselves  to  the  tourist.  To  the  Yo-Semite,  with- ' 
out  the  Calaveras  Big  Trees  being  always  considered, 
three  principal  routes  are  in  popular  use,  known  as 


27m 


SHORT^TBIP  GUIDE. 


the  ‘^Big  Oak  Flat/^  the  Coultemlle^^  and  the 

Mai'iposa  routes. 

Big  Oah  Flat  Route. 

The  easiest  route  is  considered  to  he  the  Big  Oak 
Flat,”  the  upper  or  north  route.  For  this,  the  point 
of  departure  is  Stocktok,  and  the  Big  Trees  of  Cala- 
veras lie  very  nearly  on  the  way  to  the  Valley. 

Leave  Stockton  by  cars  of  the  Copperopolis  road, 
to  Peters\  and  (with  change)  to  Milton.  At  Milton 
take  stages  for  Murphy^ s (Hotel,  at  Murphy’s  Camp), 
reached  the  same  night.  Proceed  next  day,  by  stage, 
fifteen  miles,  to  the 

Big  Teee  Geoye  of  Calayeeas,  where  the 
Sequoia  gigantea  may  be  seen  in  their  matchless 
glory,  largest  of  all  the  arboreal  products  of  earth. 
In  the  Mammoth  Grove  proper,  there  are  nearly  100 
trees,  amid  other  trees  that  would  be  gigantic  else- 
where ; the  heights  of  those  standing  ranging  from 
180  to  350  feet,  circumference  from  30  to  93  feet; 
estimated  ages,  from  1,400  to  2,500  years.  Most  of 
the  largest  are  named  after  distinguished  statesmen 
and  generals.  On  the  smoothed  stump  of  one  of  the 
largest,  now  covered  with  a building,  in  front  of  the 
hotel,  sixty  persons  have  danced  in  a set ; and  through 
,the  hollow  remains  of  the  fallen  ‘^Father  of  the 
' Forest,”  believed  to  have  measured  420  feet  in  height, 
tail  men  walk  erect  and  short  ones  ride  on  horse- 
back. The  largest  still  standing  erect,  the  Mother 
of  the  Forest,”  is  dead  and  naked  of  its  salable  bark^ 


ROUTE  NO.  21.--FAR  WESTERN 


270i 


some  portions  of  which  measured  30  inches  in  thick- 
ness. (Hotel,  at  the  Calayeras  Grove,  the  Mammoth 
Grove  House.) 

Six  miles  distant  from  the  Mammoth  Grovo 
(reached  on  horseback). is  the  South  Grove^oi  which 
some  of  the  trees  are  alleged  to  be  larger  than  any 
of  the  others,  while  the  number  reaches  over  1,300. 

Eeturn  to  Murphy's  from  the  Big  Trees,  and  pro- 
ceed thence,  next  morning,  by  stage,  to  Sonora, 
Chinese  Camp,  Garote,  Big  Oah  Flat,  Hardings  and 
HodgdorHs,  to  Hutchings^  (Hotel),  in  the  Valley,  two 
days  being  consumed  in  the  transit  from  Murphy’s, 
with  only  eighteen  miles  of  saddle.  This  brings  the 
now  celebrated 

Yo-Semite  Valley,  on  the  Merced  river,  with 
scenery  alleged  to  be  more  grand  than  any  other  on 
the  globe,  in  many  particulars.  Special  points  of 
interest:  El  Capitan,  gigantic  separated  rock;  the 
Three  Brothers,  also  rocks;  the  Bridal- Veil  Fall, 
940  feet;  the  Royal  Arches,  rocks;  the  Great- Yose- 
mite  Fall,  in  three  leaps  of  1,600,  434,  and  GOO  feet; 
the  North  and  South  Domes,  rocks ; Mirror  LaTce  ; 
and  the  stupendous  but  frightful  view  of  the  whole 
Valley,  from  Inspiration  Point.  (Depend  upon 
guide,  necessary  and  always  in  readiness,  for  route 
and  particulars.)  Hotels  at  the  Valley:  Hutchings\ 
Lydig^s,  and  BlacFs.  Proceed  to  ClarFs,  and  thence 
make  detour,  a few  miles,  to  the 

75ig  Trees  of  Mariposa,  with  no  less  than  427 
of  the  monsters,  varying  from  twenty  to  thirty-four 


SEOET-^TBIP  GUIDE. 


2TQ; 

feet  in  diameter,  and  from  275  to  325  feet  in  height 
— many  of  them  estimated  to  he  1,500  to  2,500  years 
old. 

Eeturn  may  he  made  from  the  Valley,  hy  the  same 
route  hy  which  it  W’as  entered,  with  the  exception  of 
not  returning  to  Murphy’s,  on  the  way  hack  to 
Stockton,  and  thus  shortening  the  ride.  But,  un- 
less special  reasons  offer  for  such  a course,  a greater 
variety  of  scenery  will  he  secured,  hy  adopting  the 
reverse  of  one  of  the  other  following  routes ; or,  if 
the  visitor  has  entered  the  Valley  hy  either  of  the 
following,  the  same  advant^^'es,  with  the  glance  at 
the  Big  Trees,  will  he  secured  hy  coming  out  hy  the 
reverse  of  the  preceding. 

CouUerville  Route. 

For  this  route,  whether  proceeding  eastward  or 
westward,  the  Central  Pacific  road  is  left  at  La- 
THROP,  cars  being  changed  for  Merced.  Stage  from 
Merced  to  CouUerville^  and  to  GoMn^s  Ranch ^ at 
Crane’s  Flat.  From  Gohin’s,  saddle-train  to  Black's^ 
in  the  Valley,  with  same  features  to  he  observed  as 
those  noted  in  the  previous  route,  though  some 
changes  in  the  order  of  visiting  them,  from  different 
points  of  arrival.  This  route  is  considered  to  have 
especial  beauty  in  scenery  along  the  route,  as  much 
of  it  lies  along  the  dividing  ridge  between  the  Tuo- 
lumne and  Merced  rivers,  giving  fine  views  of  the 
Sierra  Xevada,  the  Coast  Eange,  San  Joaquin  Val- 
ley, etc. 


BOUTE  NO.  WESTERN  276A 

Mo,ri;posa  Route. 

This  route,  the  southernmost,  is  identical  with  the 
Coulterville,  in  departure  and  detail,  so  far  as  Mer- 
ced^  by  rail.  Thence  stage  to  Snelling^s^  Hornitos, 
Bear  Valley^  White  and  HatclTs,  and  ClarJc  and 
Moore's.  Thence  into  the  Valley,  by  saddle,  some 
thirty  miles — the  distance  on  horseback  being  great- 
er than  by  any  of  the  other  routes,  but  with  the  ad- 
vantages claimed  of  bringing  both  the  Mariposa  Big 
Trees  and  the  stupendous  view  from  Inspiration 
Point,  into  more  convenient  access. 

Two  additional  routes  have  lately  been  opened, 
known  as  the  Mohelumne  Hill  and  Hamilton's  New. 
For  the  former,  stage  from  Mohelumne  Hill  Station 
of  the  Central  Pacific  road,  to  the  Calaveras  Big 
Trees,  and  thence  to  the  Yo-Semite  Valley  as  by 
the  Big  Oak  Flat  route;  for  the  second,  stage  from 
the  railroad  station  at  Galt^  by  lone  City  and  Val- 
ley, Jackson,  Mokelumne  Hill  and  Railroad  Flat,  to 
the  Big  Trees;  and  thence  to  the  Yo-Semite  as  by 
the  Big  Oak  Flat  route. 

Division  0. 

EXCURSIO][Sr  TO  THE  GEYSERS 

Visit  may  be  paid  to  the  wonderful  steam-springs, 
known  as  The  Geysers,  and  considered  as  - among 
the  greatest  of  California  curiosities— most  conve- 
niently by  the  following  route : 

Steamer  from  San  Francisco  (twice  a day),  or 
from  Sacramento,  to 


2762 


SEOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Vallejo,  (pronounced  Val-lay-o”),  [see  ^^vy./’ 
p.  276a],  important  town  on  the  Straits  of  Carqui- 
nez,  with  Mare  Island  Navy  Yard  in  the  immediate 
neighborhood,  and  terminus  of  the  California  Paci- 
fic Railway.  Thence  rail  on  the  Napa  Valley  Eail- 
way,  by  Napa  City  (stage  to  Sonoma),  St.  Helena 
(stage  to  White  Sulphur  Springs),  and  minor  towns, 
to 

Calistoga  (whence  conveyance  to  Calistoga  Springs, 
Mount  St.  Helena,  the  Petrified  Forest,  etc.)  From 
Calistoga,  Foss’  stages,  daily,  by  Ray’s  Ranch,  God- 
win’s Peak  (with  fine  and  very  extensive  view  over 
Russian  River  Valley,  the  Coast  Range  and  distant 
Pacific),  and  the  picturesque  ridge  of  Hog’s  Back, 
to  the 

'Great  Geyser  Canon  and  Springs,  exhibiting  some 
of  the  most  startling  phenomena  in  nature,  in  the 
wildness  of  the  scenery,  and  the  heat,  varied  mineral 
impregnation,  and  terrific  force  of  outburst,  o£  the 
various  springs  included.  Among  the  most  notable 
exhibitions  are  those  of  the  Witches’  Cauldron,” 
throwing  up  mingled  pitch  and  ink,  with  clouds  of 
steam ; the  Steamboat  Geyser,”  throwing  out  steam 
of  the  most  intense  heat,  with  such  force  as  to  imi- 
tate the  blowing  off  of  the  most  powerful  boiler;  the 

Scalding  Steam  Iron  Bath;”  the  ‘^Mountain  of 
Fire,”  with  hundreds  of  vomiting  fissures ; the  Al- 
kali Lake,”  the  Boiling  Black  Sulphur  Springs,” 
and  many  others  that  can  only  be  intelligently  or 
even  safely  visited  under  capable  guidance — the 


BOUTE  NO.  21— FAB  WE8TEEN. 


276m 


whole  maintaining,  and  well  deserving,  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  alto- 
gether the  most  diabolical,  of  the  natural  wonders  of 
the  continent. 

Division  H. 

RETUKIS'IKG  EASTWARD  PROM  CALIPORKIA. 

Overland  return  from  California  must  necessarily 
be  made,  until  the  completion  of  the  Northern  Paci- 
fic road,  and  that  of  the  California  and  Oregon  road, 
running  northward  to  meet  it  at  Portland — by  the 
same  route  pursued  in  going  westward  to  the  Paci- 
fic, over  the  Central  and  Union  Pacific  roads,  at  least 
so  far  as  Cheyenne,  Wyoming  Territory  ; and  the 
return  ride  will  be  by  no  means  monotonous  or  with- 
out use,  so  many  of  the  points  passed  over  needing 
at  least  a second  observation  to  measure  them  prop- 
erly. 

At  Cheyenne,  however  (see  ^^n,”  p.  274),  much 
additional  variety  may  be  secured  by  taking  the 
Denver  Pacific  road  to 

Denver,  capital  of  Colorado,  as  well  as  its  com- 
mercial centre,  with  much  beauty  in  location,  a 
U.  S.  Branch  Mint,  magnificent  views  of  the  great 
snow-capped  Colorado  mountains  from  the  rail,  the 
city  and  neighborhood,  and  numerous  rail  and  stage 
connections  with  all  the  great  mining-centres  of  the 
territory.  Golden  City,  Central  City,  Boulder  City, 
etc.,  and  with  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  the  South- 
West.  It  is  also  from  Denver  that  excursions  may 


276/1 


mOBT-TEIP  GUIDE, 


best  be  arranged,  to  tbe  famous  Parks  of  Colorado, 
to  tbe  best  points  of  view  of  Pike’s,  Long’s,  the 
Spanish  Peaks,  etc.,  among  the  grandest  mountains 
of  the  central  continent. 

From  Denver  the  route  eastward  maybe  pursued, 
by  the  Kansas  Pacific  road,  by  Kit  Carson,  (Col.) 
Sheridan,  Fort  Hays,  Brookville,  Salina  (on  the 
Smoky  Hill  Fork  of  the  Kansas),  Junction  City 
(connection  with  the  Missouri,  Kansas  and  Texas 
railway,  southward),  Manhattan,  and  other  more-or- 
less  important  towns  of  Kansas — to  Topeka,  capital 
of  that  State,  and  Lawrence,  seat  of  the  State  Uni- 
versity, directly  eastward,  or  by  St.  Joseph  (‘^St 
Joe”)  important  town  of  Missouri,  and  old  starting- 
point  of  the  overland  emigration — to  St.  Louis,  for 
pursuance  of  any  route  eastward,  northward  or 
southward  (see  Eoute  Ko.  14,  p.-  223.) 

[Of  course,  for  the  California-bound  traveller 
finding  himself  previously  at  St.  Louis,  and  desiring 
to  traverse  both  routes,  the  course  of  this  Division 
will  be  reversed  so  far  as  Cheyenne,  and  tlie  route 
thence  eastward  to  Omaha  and  Chicago,  be  taken  on 
tne  return.] 


OFF-ROUTE  AND  MINOR  PLACES. 


[towns  and  other  places  not  indexed  or  mentioned 

IN  ANY  OF  THE  ROUTES,  OR  WITH  OPTIONAL 
ROUTE  HERE  INDICATED.] 

Adrian  fMich.)  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Afton  (N".  Y.)  on  Albany  and  Susquehanna  road,  from 
Albany  or  Binghamton. 

Allentown  (N.  J.)  from  Trenton  or  Bordentown. 

Amenia  (N.  Y.)  Harlem  railroad  from  New  York. 

Amherst  (Mass.)  from  New  London  by  New  London  North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Nangattick  road. 

Antktam  [Battle  Field]  (Md.)  from  Harrisburg  to  Hagers- 
town ; or  from  Harper’s  Ferry. 

Appleton  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Milwaukie. 

Ashley  Falls  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road, 
Aspinwall  (Isthmus,  for  California)  from  New  York  by 
Pacific  Mail  Steamers,  1st  and  15th  of  every  month. 
Ashhurnham  (Mass.)  from  Fitchburg. 

Atchison  (Kansas,)  by  rail  from  Kansas  city,  (see  this  list.) 
Aurora  (N.  Y.)  on  Cayuga  Lake,  (see  this  list.) 

Awn  (N.  Y.)  by  rail  from  Ho  Chester  or  Batavia. 

Bainbridge  (N.  Y.)  on  Albany  and  Susquehanna  road,  from 
Albany  or  Binghamton, 

Bath  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland. 

Bath  (N.  H.)  from  Wells  River. 

Bath  (N.  Y.)  on  Buffalo  Division  of  Erie  road,  from  Batavia 
or  Corning. 

Baton  Bouge  (La.)  by  steamer  from  New  Orleans. 

Beaufort  (S.  C.)  from  Charleston. 

Belfast  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Water\nlle,  (see  this  list.) 


278 


SHOBT-TBIP  GUIDE, 


Bennington  rail  from  Bellows  Falls;  or  from  Chat 

ham  Four  Corners,  (see  this  list.) 

Benicia  (Cal.)  by  boat  from  San  Francisco. 

Bethel  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland  or  Gorham. 

Bethel  (Yt.)  from  White  River  Junction  or  Burlington. 
Bethlehem  (N.  H.)  from  Littleton. 

Beverly  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Salem. 

Bolton  [and  Falls]  (Yt.)  from  Ridley’s  Station,  (see  this  list.) 
Booneville  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  Jefferson  City,  (see  this  list);  or 
from  St.  Louis,  by  boat. 

Booneville  (N.  Y.)  from  Utica. 

Bowdoin  College  (Me.)  at  Brunswick,  (see  this  list.) 

Bradford  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Wells  River  or  White  River 
Junction. 

Brandon  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Rutland  or  Burlington. 

Braintree  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  South  Shore  road. 
Bridgewater  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Old  Colony  road. 

Bristol  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Waterbury,  (see  this  list),  or  Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol  (N.  H.)  from  Concord  by  N.  New  Hampshire  road. 
Bristol  (R.  I.)  by  rail  from  Providence. 

Brookfield^  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 
Brunswick  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland. 

Canaan  (Ot.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Cairo  (N.  Y.)  by  stage  from  Catskill. 

GameVs  Hump  [Mountain]  (Yt.)  by  carriage  from  Ridley’s 
Station,  (see  this  list.) 

Canton  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Providence  or  Boston. 

Carlisle  (Pa.)  by  rail  from  Harrisburg. 

Casey ville  (111.)  by  rail  from  St.  Louis. 

Gastine  (Me.)  by  boat  from  Belfast,  (see  this  list.) 

Garhondale  (111.)  by  rail  from  Cairo. 

Centralia  (111.)  by  rail  from  Cairo  or  Chicago. 

Ghateaugay  Woods  (N.  Y.)  from  Rouse’s  Point,  or  from 
Plattgburg. 


OFF^BOUTE  AND  MINOR  PLAGES.  279 

UliaiJiam  (N.  J.)  by  Morris  and  Essex  road  from  New  York. 
Cliaiham  (N.  Y.)  Harlem  railroad  from  New  York,  or  Boston 
and  Albany  road  from  Boston, 

Cliarlemont  (Mass.)  from  North  Adams. 

Charleston  (S.  C.)  from  New  York  by  steamers  twice  a week 
or  oftener. 

Cheat  River  (W.  Va.)  by  rail  from  Wheeling ; or  from  Harp- 
er’s Ferry. 

Cheshire  (Ct.)  from  New  Haven  by  Northampton  road. 

Chester  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Bellows  Falls. 

Chicopee  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Springfield. 

CMlicothe  (0.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati. 

CirdevUle  (O.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati  or  Zanesville. 
Clarendon  [Springs']  (Yt.)  by  stage  from  Kutland. 

Clarlcshiirg  (W.  Ya.)  by  rail  from  Harper’s  Ferry;  or  from 
Wheeling  by  Grafton. 

Clifton  Springs  (N.  Y.)  on  Auburn  Branch  of  New  York 
Central  road,  from  Syracuse  or  Kochester. 

Coatesville  (Pa.)  from  Philadelphia  by  Pennsylvania  Central 
road. 

Collinsville  (Ct.)  from  New  Haven  by  Northampton  road. 
Cooperstown  (N.  Y.)  by  Susquehanna  road  from  Albany. 
Crawfordsville  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Indianapolis. 

Croolced  Lake  (N.  Y.)  from  Penn  Yan,  (see  this  list.) 

Croton  Falls  (N.  Y.)  Harlem  railroad  from  New  York. 

Dalles  of  St.  Louis  River  (Minn.)  by  rail  from  St.  Paul  or  Du- 
luth. 

Danbury  (Ct.)  from  Norwalk. 

Danielsonville  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  New  London  or  Worcester. 
Deal  (N.  J.)  from  Long  Branch. 

Deerfield  [and  South']  (Mass ) by  rail  from  Northampton,  (see 
this  list.) 

Delaware  (O.)  by  rail  from  Columbus. 

Derby  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Naugatuck  road. 

Dexter  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Bangor. 


280 


EHOET-^TEIP  GUIDE, 


\ 

Dmer  Plains  {N.  Y.)  Ilarlem  railroad  from  New  York. 

Downington  (Pa.)  from  Philadelphia  by  Pcniisylvania  Cen* 
tral  road. 

Eastliavipton  (Mass.)  from  New  Haven  by  Williamsburg 
road. 

Eastpori  (Me.)  by  steamer  from  Boston  and  from  St.  John’s, 
^ N.  B. 

Eatontmjon  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York ; or  New  J ersey  Central  for  Long  Branch. 

Effingham  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Terre  Haute  or  St.  Louis. 

Engleioood  (N.  J.)  from  New  York  by  Northern  New  Jersey 
road. 

Essex  Xunction  (Yt.)  from  Burlington. 

Walls  Village  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Warmingdale  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  (boat  and 
rail)  from  New  York. 

Fitchburg  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Boston. 

FitzwilUam  (N.  H.)  by  rail  from  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Flint  (Mich.)  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Morence  (Mass.)  from  New  Haven  by  Williamsburg  road. 

Flushing  (L.  I.)  from  New  York  by  34th  street  ferry  and 
Flushing  railroad. 

Fond  du  Lac  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Milwaukie  or  Duluth. 

Fort  William  (Canada),  by  boat  from  Duluth. 

Foxhorougli  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Providence  or  Boston. 

Franklin  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Indianapolis. 

Franklin  (N.  H.)  from  Concord  by  Northern  New  Hamp* 
shire  road. 

Freehold  (N.  J.)  from  New  York  by  Pennsylvania,  N.  J. 
Central  or  N.  J.  Southern  roads ; or  from  Long  Branch. 

Galreston  (Texas),  by  steamer  from  New  Orleans. 

Gardiner  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland. 

Gettysburg  (Pa.)  by  rail  from  Harrisburg,  by  York. 

Glassboro  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Camden. 

Gloucester  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Salem. 


OFF- ROUTE  AND  MINOB  PLAGES. 


281 


Unifton  (K  II.)  from  Concord  by  IsT.  New  Hampshire  road 

Great  Barrington  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Iloiisatonic 
road. 

Greenshurg  (Pa.)  from  the  Pennsylvania  Central  road  at 
Blairsville. 

Greenfield  (Mass.)  from  NewIIavenj  by  Northampton. 

Green])ort  (Long  Island),  from  New  York  by  Long  Island 
road. 

Greenwich  (Ct.)  from  New  York  by  New  Haven  road. 

Hackensack  (N.  J.)  by  Erie  road  from  New  York. 

Hadley  (Mass.)  from  Northampton,  (see  this  list.) 

Hagerstown  (Md.)  by  rail  from  Baltimore,  or  Harrisburg  by 
Chambersburg. 

Hamilton  (O.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati. 

Hammondsport  (N.  Y.)  on  Crooked  Lake,  (see  this  list.) 

Hannibal  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  Springfield,  111.;  or  by  rivex 
from  St.  Louis. 

Hanorev  (N.  H.)  from  White  Kiver  Junction. 

Havana  (Cuba)  from  New  York  by  Atlantic  Mail  Steam' 
ers,  every  Thursday ; and  by  Vera  Cruz  Steamers,  everv 
10  days. 

Haydenville,  (Mass.)  from  New  Haven  by  Williamsburg  road 

Ilighgate  Springs  (Vt. ) from  Eouse’s  Point. 

Eingliam  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  South  Shore  road. 

Hinsdale  (Vt.)  opposite  Brattleboro. 

Holmdel  (N.  J.)  by  steamboat  from  New  York  to  Keyport  (see 
this  list,)  thence  by  stage  ; or  N.  J.  Central  E.R. 

Holyoke  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Springfield. 

Honesdale  (Pa.)  by  rail  from  Lackawaxen,  cn  Erie  Road. 

Hoosac  Tunnel  (Mass.)  from  North  Adams. 

Housatonic  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Houston  (Texas)  by  rail  from  Galveston  (see  this  list.) 

Howe's  and  Ball's  Caves  (N.  Y.)  from  Schoharie  (see  this  list.) 

Ipswich  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Salem. 

Isle  Royal  (Mich.)  by  boat  from  Duluth. 


283 


SnORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Ithaca  (N.  Y.)  on  Cayuga  Lake  (see  this  list.) 

Jacksonmlle  (Florida)  from  Savannah. 

Jacksonville  (111.)  by  rail  from  Springfield. 

Jamaica  (Long  Island)  from  New  York  by  Long  Island  road. 
Jefferson  City  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  St.  Louis. 

Jonesboro  (111.)  by  rail  from  Cairo. 

Kane  (Pa.)  from  Ridgeway  or  Iiwineton,  on  Philadelphia  and 
Erie  road. 

Kansas  Gity^  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  St.  Louis,  or  from  Omaha. 
Kearsarge  Mountain  (N.  H.)  from  Concord  by  Northern 
New  Hampshire  road. 

Keene  (N.  H.)  by  rail  from  Fitchburg  or  Bellows  Falls. 
Kenosha  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Chicago. 

Kent  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Keyport  (N.  J.)  by  steamboat  from  New  York,  or  N.  J.  Cen- 
tral rail  from  Matawan. 

KMingtan  Peak  (Vt.)  from  Rutland. 

Knightstown  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Dayton  (0.)  or  Indianapolis. 
Lafayette  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Logansport. 

Lake  Dunmore  (Vt.)  by  stage  from  Brandon  (see  this  list.) 
Lake  Luzerne  (N.  Y.)  from  Saratoga. 

Lake  Pleasant  (N.  Y.)  from  Amsterdam,  New  York  Centra] 
road. 

LaJee  Temisconata  (Canada)  from  Riviere  du  Loup  by  Grand 
Portage  road. 

Lake  Umbagog  (Me.)  frorn  Gorham,  N.  H. 

Lambertville  (N.  J.)  from  Trenton  by  Belvidere  Delaware 
road. 

Lancaster  (O.)  by  rail  from  Columbus  or  Zanesville. 

Lawrence^  (Kansas)  from  Kansas  City  (see  this  list). 
Lawrenceburg  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati. 

Leavenworth  (Kansas),  by  rail  from  Kansas  City  (see  this  lish) 
Lebanon  (N.  H.)  from  White  River  Junction. 

Lee  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Lehigh  Water-Gap  and  Lehighton  (Pa.)  from  Easton  by  Le- 
high Valley  road. 


OFF-ROUTE  AND  MINOR  PLAGES. 


283 


Lcno:c  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Uousatonic  road ; or  from 
Albany  by  Boston  and  Albany  road  to  Pittsfield. 
Lf^'ington  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  Sedalia  and  Jefferson  City  (see 
this  list). 

Litchfield^  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  ISTaugatuck  road. 

Little  Rock  (Ark.)  by  rail  from  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Logan  (0.)  by  rail  from  Columbus. 

London  (0.)  by  rail  from  Springfield. 

Long  Branch  (N.  J.)  from  New  York  by  N.  J.  Central  R.R., 
or  N.  J.  Southern,  boat  and  rail. 

I/adloio  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Bellows  Falls. 

MaNcinaw  (Mich.)  from  Detroit,  by  boat. 

Manchester  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford. 

Manchester  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York. 

Manchester  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Rutland. 

Mansfield  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford  or  Providence. 
Marblehead  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Salem. 

Marietta  (O.)  by  rail  from  Wheeling. 

Martha's  Vineyard  (Mass.)  by  steamer  from  New  Bedford. 
Martinsburg  (W.  Ya.)  by  rail  from  Harper's  Perry. 
Martinsmlle  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Indianapolis. 

MoLSsena  Springs  (Canada),  from  Louisville,  on  the  St.  Law- 
rence, near  Prescott. 

Matawan  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  New  York,  on  New  Jersey 
Central  road  for  Long  Branch  (also  Keyport). 

Mauch  Chunk  (Pa.)  from  Easton  by  Lehigh  Yalley  road. 
Maysrille  (Ky.)  by  rail,  or  the  Ohio  river  from  Cincinnati. 
Meadmlle  (Pa.)  from  Corry,  Oil-Regions. 

Medford  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Lowell  road. 

Middleboro  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Old  Colony  road. 
Middleburg  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Burlington. 

Middletown  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Central  rail  for  Long 
Branch,  from  New  York. 


284 


BRORT-miP  GUIDE. 


Middletown  (Pa.)  from  Harrisburg. 

Milford  (Ct.)  from  New  York  by  New  Haven  road. 

Milford  (O.)  by  rail  from  Columbus. 

Minnesota  Lakes  (Minn.)  from  St.  Paul. 

Missisquoi  Springs  (Vt.)  from  St.  Albans,  by  stage, 

Mitchell  (Incl.)  by  rail  from  Louisville. 

Mound  City  [and  Mowndsl  (111.)  by  rail  from  Cairo. 

Monroe  (Mich.)  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Montpelier  (Vt.]  from  Burlington. 

Mount  Desert  [and  Rock  and  Islanll  (Me.)  by  steamer  from 
Boston,  Portland  or  Bangor. 

Mount  Diablo  (Cal.)  from  San  Francisco,  by  San  Francisco 
and  Oregon  Kailway,  and  connections. 

Mount  Holly  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Camden  or  Burlington. 

Mount  Holy olce  (Mass.)  from  Northampton,  (see  this  list.) 

Mount  Katahdin  (Me.)  by  stage  from  Bangor ; or  partially  by 
rail  from  same  place. 

Mount  Mansfield  (Vt.)  by  carriage  from  Waterbury,  (see  this 
list.) 

Mount  Tom  (Mass.)  from  Northampton,  (see  this  list.) 

Mount  Vernon  (N.  Y.)  from  New  York  by  New  Haven 
road. 

Mount  Vernon  (0.)  by  rail  from  Newark. 

Nantucket  (Mass.)  by  steamer  from  New  Bedford. 

Narragansett  Pier  (R.  I.)  from  Kingston,  on  Stonington  and 
Providence  road. 

Nassau  (New  Providence)  from  New  York,  by  Atlantic  Mail 
steamers,  irregularly. 

New  Britain  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  "Waterbury  (see  this  list)  or 
Providence. 

Newburg  (0.)  by  rail  from  Cleveland. 

Newburg  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Wells  River. 

New  Egypt  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Hightstown,  Mt.  Holly  or 
Burlington. 

New  Milford  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 


OFF-EOITTE  AND  3imOE  PLAGES. 


285 


Ncio  ITonmoiitli  (N.  J.)  from  Mew  York  by  Mew  Jersey  Cen- 
tral road  for  Long  Branch — stage  from  Middletown. 

New  Orleans  (La.)  from  Mew  York  by  steamers,  eveiy  Satur 
day  or  oftener. 

New  Philadelphia  (O.)  by  rail  from  Pittsburg. 

New  Bochelle  (M.  Y.)  from  Mew  York  by  Mew  Haven  road. . 

Newtown^  (L.  I.)  from  Mew  York  bj’’  34th  street  ferry  and 
Flushing  railroad. 

Norfolk  (Ya.)  from  Mew  York  by  steamer,  every  Saturdaj"  oi 
oftener. 

Normal  (111.)  by  rail  from  Chicago. 

North  Adams  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Ilousatonic  road, 
or  from  Boston,  Albany  or  Troy  by  Troy  and  Boston 
roaa. 

North  Derby  (Yt.)  from  Lenoxville,  Canada,  by  Massiwippi 
road. 

Northampton^  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Mew  Haven. 

North  field  (Mass.)  from  Mew  London  by  Mew  London  Morthem 
road. 

Northfield  (Yt.)  from  Burlington. 

Northumberland  (Pa.)  from  Harrisburg  by  Morthern  Centra) 
road. 

Norwich  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  White  River  Junction. 

Oceanport  (M.  J.)  by  Mew  Jersey  Southern  road  from  Mew 
York ; or  from  Long  Branch. 

Oshkosh  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Milwaukie. 

Otsego  Lake  (M.  Y.)  by  Susquehanna  road  from  Albany. 

Otter  Creek  Falls  (Yt.)  from  Yergennes  (see  this  list.) 

Oxford  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland. 

Oxford  (O.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati. 

Owasco  Lake  (M.  Y.)  from  Auburn  (see  this  list.) 

Parkesburg  (Pa.)  from  Philadelphia  by  Penn.  Central  road. 

Parkersburg^  (W.  Ya.)  by  rail  from  Wheeling,  or  from  Colum- 
bus, O. 

Passumpsic  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Wells  River. 

Plmnixville  (Pa.)  from  Philadelphia  by  Reading  road.  . 


SnORT^TEIP  GUIDE. 


Patclwgue  (Long  Island)  from  New  York  by  South  Side  road 

Pemberton  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Hightstown,  or  from  Camden 
Burlington,  or  Long  Branch. 

Penn  Tan  (N.  Y.)  by  Northern  Central  road,  from  Elmira. 

Perth  Amboy  (N,  J.),  from  New  York  byN.  J.  Central,  Long 
Branch  line. 

’ Peru  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Logansport. 

Pittsfield  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road,  or  from 
Albany  or  Boston  by  Boston  and  Albany  road. 

Piedmont  (W.  Va.)  by  Balt,  and  Ohio  road  from  Harper’s 
Ferry. 

Piitsford  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Rutland. 

Piqua  (0.)  by  rail  from  Columbus. 

PMnmlle  (Gt.)  from  New  Haven  by  Northampton  road. 

Pontiac  (111.)  by  rail  from  Chicago. 

Pontiac  (Mich.)  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Port  Uuron  (Mich.)  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Port  Kent  (N.  Y.)  by  boat  on  Lake  Champlain,  going  to  or 
from  Burlington,  Vt. 

Pottsmlle  (Pa.)  from  Reading, 

Poultney  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Rutland. 

Putney  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Bellows  Falls. 

Quincy  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Old  Colony  road. 

Bacquette  Regions  (N.  Y.)  in  connection  with  Adirondacks 
fror^  Crown  Point. 

Ravenna  (0.)  by  rail  from  Cleveland. 

EeadviUe  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Providence  or  Boston. 

Red  Bank  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Central  rail  for  Long 
Branch,  from  New  York  ; or  boat  direct. 

Ricemlle  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York. 

Richfield  Springs  (N.  Y.)  from  Sharon  Springs ; or  fr(*m  Utica 
or  Binghamton  by  the  Utica,  Chenango  and  Susquehan- 
na road. 

Richmond  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Xenia  or  Indianapolis. 

Ridley's  Station  (Vt.)  from  Essex  Junction,  (see  this  list.; 


OFF^ROUTE  AND  MINOR  PLACES, 


287 


Richmond  (Ya.)  from  New  York  by  steamer  every  Saturday 
or  oftener. 

Rio  Janiero  (Brazil)  from  New  York  by  United  States  and 
Brazil  steamers,  23rd  of  every  month. 

Rockville  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford. 

Rockville  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Terre  Haute. 

Royalton  [and  Soutli]  (Yt.)  from  White  River  Junction. 

Sacketfs  Harbor  (N.  Y.)  by  rail  from  Rome,  on  New  York 
Central  road. 

Saginaw  (Mich.)  [and  East]  by  rail  from  Detroit. 

Salem  (Ind ) by  rail  from  Louisville. 

Salem  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Camden. 

Salem  (N.  Y.)  by  Troy  and  Boston  road,  from  Troy. 

Salisbury  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonic  road. 

Salisbury  [East  and  BeacK\  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Salem. 

San  Francisco  (Cal.)  from  New  York  by  Pacific  Mail  steam- 
ers, 1st  and  15th  of  every  month. 

San  Rafael  and  San  Quentin  (Cal.)  by  boat  from  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  horse. 

Sault  Ste.  Marie  (Mich.)  [Rapids  and  Carnal],  by  boat  from  De- 
troit. 

Savannah  (Ga.)  from  New  York  by  steamer  several  times  a 
week.  [Connection  for  Florida  cities.'] 

Schoharie  (N.  Y.)  on  Albany  and  Susquehanna  road,  from 
Albany  or  Binghamton. 

Schuylkill  Haven  (Pa.)  from  Reading. 

Scotch  Plains  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Central  road  from  New 
York 

. Seabrook  (N.  H.)  from  Boston  or  Portsmouth. 

Sedalia  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  St.  Louis. 

Seneca  Lake  (N.  Y.)  on  Auburn  Branch  of  New  York  Cen- 
tral road,  from  Syracuse  or  Rochester. 

Seymour  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Naugatuck  road. 

Shark  River  (N.  J.)  byNew  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York. 


S88 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE 


Shannon  (Vt.)  from  Whit©  Biver  Junction, 

Sheboygan  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Milwaukie. 

SheUmme  N.  H.  from  Gorham. 

Shelburne  Falls  (Mass.)  from  North  Adams. 

Shelby ville  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  Indianapolis. 

Sheffield  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatouic  ’•^ad. 

Sheffield  (Pa.)  from  Ridgeway  or  Irvineton^  on  Philadelphia 
and  Erie  road. 

Shrewsbury  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York  ; or  N.  J.  Central,  Long  Branch  line. 

Skeneateles  (N.  Y.)  on  Auburn  Branch  of  New  York  Central 
road,  from  Syracuse  or  Rochester. 

Sorel  (Canada),  by  steamer  from  Quebec. 

South  Hadley  (Mass.)  by  rail  from  Springfield. 

South  Paris  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland. 

Squall  [Beach]  (N.  J.)  by  New  eJ*Tsey  Southern  road  from 
New  York  to  Shark  River ^ thence  stage. 

Squankum  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  from  New 
York. 

Stafford  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford  or  Providence. 

Stanstcad  (Canada),  from  Newport,  Lake  Memphremagog,  oi 
from  Lennoxville. 

St.  Augustine  (Florida),  from  Savannah,  Ga. 

St.  Gha/rlts  (Mo.)  by  rail  from  St.  LouIb. 

Sterling  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford. 

Stillwater  (Minn.)  from  St.  Paul. 

St.  John  Falls  (Canada),  from  Riviere  du  I^oup  or  from 
Cacouna. 

Si.  J^hnsburg  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Wells  River. 

Stockhridge  [and  West]  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housa- 
tonic  1 oad. 

Stratford  (Ct.)  from  New  York  by  New  Haven  road. 

Si.  Thomas  (W.  I ) from  New  York  by  Brazil  steamers,  2od 
of  ©very  month. 

Sunbury  (Pa.)  from  Harrisburg  by  Northern  Central  road. 


OFF-ROUTE  AND  MINOR  PLAGES, 


289 


Superior  City  (Wis.)  by  boat  from  Detroit  or  Chicago. 
Sutherland  Falls  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  liutland 
Terryville  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Waterbury  (see  this  list)  or  Pro- 
vidence. 

Thetford  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  White  Eiver  Junction. 

Thompson  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  New  London  or  Worcester. 
Thunder  Bay  (Lake  Superior)  by  boat  from  Duluth. 

Tiffln  (O.)  by  rail  from  Sandusky. 

Tolland  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Hartford  or  Providence. 

Tom's  Rixer  (N.  J.)  by  New  Jersey  Southern  road  f’-om  New 
York. 

Topeka  (Kansas)  from  Kansas  city  (see  this  list.). 

Troy  (0.)  by  rail  from  Dayton. 

Urhana  (0.)  by  rail  from  Columbus. 

Valley  Fenye  (Pa.)  from  Philadelphia,  or  from  Heading. 
Yandalia  (Ind.)  by  rail  from  St.  Louis. 

Van  Demenmlle  (Mass.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Housatonio 
road. 

Vera  Cruz  (Mexico),  from  Nev^  York  by  Mexican  mail  steam- 
ers, every  10  days. 

Vergennes  (Yt.)  by  rail  from  Burlington. 

Vicksburg  by  river  from  New  Orleans;  or  rail  from 

Jackson. 

Waltham  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Fitchburg  road. 

Warren  (0.)  by  rail  from  Cleveland. 

Warren  (R.  L)  by  rail  from  Providence. 

Warren  (Pa.)  from  Ridgeway  or  Irvineton,  on  Philadelphia 
and  Erie  road. 

Waterbury  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Nangatuck  road. 
Watertown  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Fitchburg  roado 
Waterrille  (Ct.)  by  rail  from  Waterbury,  (see  tliis  list,)  or 
Providence. 

Waterville  (Me.)  by  rail  from  Portland  by  Augustt . 

Watkins  Glen  (N.  Y.)  from  Elmira,  Erie  road. 

Waukegan  (111.)  by  rail  from  Chicago. 


290 


SHOBT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


Waukesha  (Wis.)  by  rail  from  Milwaukee. 

Wellmlle  (O.)  by  Ohio  river  from  Pittsburg. 

West  Burke  (Vt ) by  rail  from  Wells  River. 

Westfield  (Mass.)  from  New  Haven  cy  Williamsburg  road. 
Westminster  (Vt.)  by  rail  from  Bellows  Falls. 

West  Bandolyh  (Vt.)  from  White  River  Junction  or  Burling- 
ton. 

Weymouth  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  South  Shore  road. 

White  Plains  (N.  Y.)  Harlem  railroad  irom  New  York. 
Wilke-sbarre  (Pa.)  from  Easton  by  Lehigh  Valley. 
Williamshurg  (Mass.)  from  New  Haven  by  W.  road. 
Wdliamstown  (Mass.)  from  Albany,  Troy  or  Boston,  by  Troy 
and  Boston  road. 

WilUston  (Vt.)  from  Essex  Junction. 

Willoughby  Lake  (Vt.)  from  West  Burke,  (see  this  list.) 
Wilmington  (0.)  by  rail  from  Cincinnati. 

Winstead  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Nangatuck  road. 

Woburn  [East]  (Mass.)  from  Boston  by  Lowell  road. 
Wolcotville  (Ct.)  from  Bridgeport  by  Nangatuck  road. 
Woodbury  (N.  J.)  by  rail  from  Camden. 

Woodstock  ( Vt.)  from  White  River  Junction. 

Woodhridge  (N.  J.)  from  Rahway,  by  rail. 

Woonsocket  (R.  I.)  by  rail  from  Providence  or  Worcester. 
Wyandotte  (Kansas,)  opp.  Kansas  city  (see  this  list). 
Wyandotte  (Mich.)  from  Detroit. 

Wyoming  (Minn.)  by  rail  from  St.  Paul.  ^ 

Wyoming  Valley  (Pa.)  from  Scranton,  by  the  Lackawanna 
and  Bloomsburg  road. 

Yankton  (Dacotah),  by  the  Missouri  river  from  Sioux  city. 
Yellow  Springs  (O.)  by  rail  from  Xenia  or  Cincinnati. 

For^*  (Pa.)  by  rail. from  Harrisburg. 


STEAMSHIP  LINES  AND  BANKING-HOUSES, 

STEAMSHIPS  BETWEEN  EUROPE  AND  AMERICA. 

LINES  BY  QUEENSTOWN,  LIVEUPOOL  AND  LONDON. 

Inman  Line.  {Inman  Steamship  Company ^ limited.) 

The  three  leadiDg  vessels  of  this  line,  intended  to  run 
during  the  passenger-season  of  1877,  are  the  Commodore's 
ship,  the  City  of  Berlin,”  one  of  the  largest  in  the  world, 
and  one  of  the  speediest,  if  not  the  very  speediest  afloat, 
while  with  comfort  equalling  and  warranted  by  the  size, — 
the  City  of  Richmond,”  and  “City  of  Chester,”  only  less  in 
tonnage  and  without  other  rivals  as  to  speed  and  comfort, 
while  also  exceptionally  commanded.  With  these  are  still 
associated,  of  course,  when  additional  vessels  are  required, 
the  old  and  new  favorites,  the  “Montreal,”  “Brussels,” 
“Paris,”  “Brooklyn,”  “New  York,”  “London,”  “Ant- 
werp,” &c.,  making  up  a fleet  of  large  numbers  and  great 
capacity.  The  announcement  of  this  line  will  show  the  care 
habitually  taken  to  avoid  northern  latitudes,  icebergs  and 
collisions.  Sailings  from  New  York, on  Saturdays;  from  Liver- 
pool on  Thursdays  ; and  from  Queenstown  on  Fridays.  (For 
Special  announcement  see  oflScial  card  in  its  appropriate  place.) 
Guion  Line.  {Liverpool  and  Great  Western  Steamship  Co.) 

It  has  for  some  time  been  an  admitted  fact,  that  the  Wil- 
liams & Guion  boats,  especially  of  the  later  build,  have  es- 
tablished a high  reputation  for  comfort,  convenience,  and 
sea-worthiness,  and  that  they,  consequently,  deserve  the  pa- 
tronage they  receive.  The  ships  of  this  line  now  number 
the  exceptionally  large  and  powerful  “Montana/'  “Wyo- 
ming,” “ W^isconsin,”  “ Nevada,”  and  “Idaho,”  everyone 
of  which  has  won  commendation  for  sea-going  qualities 
and  comfoit  of  the  first  order,  while  some  of  them  are 
among  the  very  race- horses  of  the  ocean  for  speed.  The 
U.  S.  Mail  Service  has  added  materially,  as  deserved,  to 
the  capacity  and  popularity  of  a commendable  line,  con- 
tinually growing  better,  year  by  year.  Sailings  from  New 
York  on  Tuesdays,  and  from  Liverpool  on  Wednesdays.  (For 
special  announcements  see  oflRcial  card.) 


292 


SnOBT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


National  Line.  {National  Steam  Navigation  Company.) 

With  their  boats  always  large  and  burthensome,  self-in- 
sured, and  sailed  oa  lines  especially  calculated  to  avoid  ice 
and  collisions;  now  the  National  Line  not  only  make  the  well- 
founded  boast  of  employing  the  largest  vessels  in  the  trade, 
but  the  rate  of  speed  has  wonderfully  increased,  and  the 
fleet  can  boast  the  presence  of  some  of  the  speediest  as  well 
as  noblest  vessels  afloat.  This  is  especially  the  case  with  the 

Spain  ” and  the  Egypt,”  closely  followed  by  the  Italy,” 
the  “Greece,”  “Canada,”  “England,”  “France,”  “The 
Queen,”  &c.  ; and  h’gher  commendation  is  seldom  bestowed 
upon  passages  by  any  line,  than  by  old  voyagers,  on  some 
of  the  National  ships  during  late  years.  Sailings  from 
New  York  on  Saturdays;  from  Liverpool  on  Wednesdays  ; 
and  from  Queenstown  on  Thursdays.  From  New  York  for 
London  direct,  every  Saturday. 

White  Star  Line.  {Oceanic  S.  S.  Go.) 

Principal  vessels  employed,  leaving  New  York  on  Satur- 
days and  Liverpool  on  Thursdays,  the  “Britannic,”  “Ger- 
manic,” “Celtic,”  “ Adriatic,”  &c. 

Cunard  Line.  {British  and  North  American  Royal  Mail 
Steam  Packet  Company.) 

Principal  vessels  employed,  leaving  New  York  on  Wed- 
nesdays and  Liverpool  on  Saturdays,  the  “ Scythia,”  “Both- 
nia,” “Russia,”  “Algeria,”  “ Abyssinia,”  &c. 

LINES  BY  LONDONDERRY,  GLASGOW  AND  LONDON. 

Anchor  Line.  {Henderson  Bros.,  New  York:  Handy  side  & 
Henderson,  Glasgow. ) 

Principal  vessels  employed,  leaving  New  York  for  Glasgow 
every  Saturday,  the  “ Devonia,”  “ Circassia,”  “ Anchoria,” 
“Ethiopia,”  “Bolivia,”  “California,”  “Victoria,”  &c.  ; for 
London,  every  alternate  Saturday,  the  “Alsatia,”  “Anglia,” 
“Australia,”  “ Elysia,”  “Utopia,”  &c. 

State  Line  to  Glasgow,  hy  Larne.  {Austin  Baldwin  & Co., 
New  York.) 

Principal  vessels  employed,  leaving  New  York  on  Thurs- 
days, the  “States”  of  “Indiana,”  “Georgia,”  PeuusyL 
vania,”  and  “Virginia.” 


STEAMSHIPS  AND  BANKING-HOUSES.  298 


LINE  BY  HAVRE  AND  PLYMOUTH. 

French  Line.  {Com^iafjnie  Gtnirale  Transatlantique.) 

Principal  vessels  of  this  line,  now  leaving  New  York  for 
Havre,  by  Plymouth,  every  Wednesday,  with  materially  re- 
duced rates,  the  “Pereire,”  St.  Laurent,”  ‘‘Canada,” 
“Labrador,”  “Ville  de  Paris,”  “St.  Germain,”  “Ameri- 
que,”  and  “ France.” 

LINE  BY  SOUTHAMPTON  AND  BREMEN. 

• Bremen  Line.  .{North  German  Lloyd.) 

We  continue  this  year  the  list  of  vessels  engaged  in  the 
North  German  Lloyd  service,  by  which  it  will  be  seen  that 
the  fleet  is  one  of  the  most  extensive  in  the  world,  and  the 
connection  almost  literally  world  wide.  The  “ Rhein,” 
“Main,”  “Donau,”  “Weser,”  “Oder,”  “Neckar,”  “Mosel,” 
and  many  other  vessels  of  this  line,  have  proved  themselves 
first  favorites  as  to  speed  and  sea  going  qualities,  with  excep- 
tionally good  accommodations  and  service,  while  especially 
supplying  a virtual  connection  direct  to  London  (by  South- 
ampton); and  all  the  old  fa<  ilities  will  be  retained  duringthe 
current  year.  Sailings  from  New  York  to  Bremen,  ma 
Southampton,  on  Saturdays,  with  others  from  Baltimore  and 
New  Orleans.  From  Bremen  for  New  York  on  Saturdays, 
with  c dl  at  Southampton  on  Tuesdays. 

STEAMSHIPS  TO  CALIFORNIA,  CHINA,  AND  INDIA. 

LINES  TO  CALIFORNIA  AND  CHINA. 

Pacific  Mail  and  Panama  Transit  Steamship  Sermce. 

This  magnificent  line  now  employs  one  of  the  largf  st  fleets 
in  any  service,  and  among  the  vessels  many  alike  reflecting 
credit  on  American  ship-building,  and  supplying  the  extreme 
of  comfort  in  transit.  Among  the  noblest  of  these  are  the 

City  of  Peking,”  and  “ City  of  Tukio,”  so  much  talked  of 
as  illustrating  the  growth  of  American  enterprise,  with  many 
others  only  less  commanding  in  size  and  appearance.  Among 
the  connections  with  this  California  line,  leaving  foot  of 
Canal  Street  semi-monthly  (see  current  time-tables),  are  those 


294 


SHOBJ-TBIP  GUIDE. 


to  Japan,  China,  Australia,  New  Zealand,  British  Columbia, 
Oregon,  &c  ; and  the  enterprise,  now  managed  hy  Messrs. 
W.  P.  Clyde  & Co.,  nece&sarily  commands  even  more  than 
the  old  confidence. 


BANKING-HOUSES. 

Exchange  may  be  bought,  Letters  of  Credit  taken,  and  all 
other  financial  business  connected  with  European  tours  and 
mercantile  operations,  safely  and  profitably  transacted,  as 
well  as  many  of  the  details  of  correspondence  and  require- 
ments abroad — with  the  following  first  class  houses,  particu- 
lars of  whose  special  lines  will  be  found  in  their  announce- 
ments. 

Brown  Brothers  & Co.,  59  Wall  Street,  New  York,  whose 
very  name  suggests  Liverpool,  Parliament,  British  solidity 
married  to  American  thrift,  the  Bank  of  England,  and  every- 
thing else  connected  with  moneyed  intercourse  between  the 
nations,  and  who  notably  share  in  the  supplying  of  foreign 
credit  as  well  as  keeping  up  the  true  commercial  status 
between  the  continents  ; 

Morton,  Bliss  & Co.,  Broad  Street,  New  York,  in  connec- 
tion with  Morton,  Rose  & Co.,  Bartholomew  Lane,  London, 
who  largely  enjoy,  with  other  leading  houses  named,  the 
confidence  of  the  government  in  the  arrangement  of  its 
financial  concerns  abroad,  and  who  have  long  since  attained 
a leading  place  in  the  corresponding  confidence  and  patron- 
age of  the  traveling  community. 

John  Munroe  cfc  (76>.,  8 Wall  Street,  New  York,  and  No.  4 
Post  Ofldce  Scjuare,  Boston,  who  not  only  effect  exchange  for 
thousands  upon  thousands  of  Europe  bound  travelers,  but 
lay  them  under  obligations  by  care  of  their  letters,  free  use 
of  reading-rooms,  &c.,  at  their  banking-house.  No.  7 Rue 
Scribe,  Paris,  which  has  long  been  and  will  continue  to  be 
one  of  the  homes  of  Americans  in  that  pleasant  city, 
always  holding  its  position  as  the  great  European  resort  of 
Americans. 


AMERICAN  HOTELS  FOR  TRAVELERS, 

AND  SUMMER  RESORTS. 

[In  the  list  of  American  Hotels  following*,  no  attempt  is 
made  at  supplying  a complete  chain  in  any  direction,  though 
such  an  arrangement  may  be  gradually  made  in  following 
years.  Of  the  Hotels,  however,  it  is  necessary  to  say  that 
none  have  place  except  such  as  have  been  personally  tested, 
and  found  well  located  and  capable  of  supplying  excellent 
accommodation;  and  upon  the  special  features  ascribed  to 
each,  the  utmost  dependence  can  be  placed  by  all  interested. 
For  locations,  names  of  proprietors,  &c.,  official  cards  must 
be  referred  to.  It  will  be  observed  that  the  alphabetical 
arrangement  of  places  has  been  adopted,  as  most  convenient 
for  the  traveler,] 

Albany,  N.  Y. — Delavan  House. — Stanwix  Hall. 
Baltimore,  Md. — Mi.  Vernon  House. 

Located  in  the  most  elevated  and  fashionable  part  of  the 
city  and  contiguous  to  the  Union  Depot,  the  Mount  Vernon 
Hotel  is  now  open  for  the  reception  of  guests,  its  appoint- 
ments of  the  most  modern  and  approved  character,  and  its 
tables  furnished  with  every  domestic  and  foreign  luxury. 

Balt.  & Ohio  E.  E.  Hotels. — Deer  Parh,  (&c. 

One  of  the  specialties  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad, 
elsewhere  noticed  as  one  of  the  leading  trunk  lines  of  the 
United  States,  is  to  be  found  in  the  excellent  line  of  Hotels 
at  different  points  of  its  route,  erected,  owned  and  managed 
by  the  Company,  and  having  the  reputation  of  supplying 
the  very  best  of  transient  or  resident  accommodations. 
Among  those  houses  may  be  named  the  ‘‘  Deer  Park  Hotel,’’ 
on  the  summit  plateau  of  Big  Savage  Mountain  (of  the 
Alleghenies,  in  Maryland),  with  great  elevation,  high  repu- 
tation as  a health  resoit,  capital  facilities  for  reaching,  and 


29C 


SnORT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


all  the  advantages;  the  ‘‘Queen  City  Hotel,”  at  Cumber- 
land, Md.;  and  the  “Viaduct  Hotel,”  at  Relay  Station,  near 
Baltimore.  All  are  of  the  best,  in  location  and  manage- 
ment ; and  they  add  in  no  small  degree  to  the  travel  reputa- 
tion of  the  line. 

Berkeley  Springs,  Ya. — The  Pavilion. 

As  elsewhere  noted,  in  the  “ Special  Virginian  Tour,”  the 
Berkeley  Springs  are  among  the  best  known,  as  well  as  the 
oldest  in  Virginia,  having  enjoyed  the  patronage  and  resi- 
dence of  Washington,  Jefferson,  and  many  others  of  the 
old-time  magnates.  Of  this  very  charming  place  the  Pavil- 
ion is  the  centre  and  chief  resort,  offering  airy  rooms,  the 
finest  baths  in  the  world,  and  profuse  Virginia  hospitality,  in 
a mountain-valley  air  equal  to  that  of  Florence.  It  passes, 
this  year,  under  new  management  calculated  to  add  to  its 
well-deserved  popularity. 

Big  Trees  of  Calaveras,  Gal. — Mammoth  Grovt 
Hotel. 

This  house  forms,  with  Sperri/s  Hotel,  Murphy’s,  an  im- 
portant link  in  the  chain  of  California  travel,  to  the  Big 
Trees,  by  the  Big  Oak  Flat  route  to  the  Yo  Semite,  &:c, 

Bostoh. — Parker  House, — American  House. 

Charleston,  S.  C. — The  Charleston  Hotel. 

This  hotel  has  the  reputation  of  being  one  of  the  most 
magnificent  structures  of  its  kind,  on  either  continent,  well 
built,  well  kept,  and  satisfactory  to  travelers  as  well  as  for 
residence. 

Chicago. — Grand  Pacific  Hotel, 

This  house,  with  central  location,  and  under  most  effscient 
and  capable  management,  is  justly  considered  to  be  one  of 
the  most  striking  marks  of  the  wonderful  enterprise  and  re- 


AMEBIGAN  HOTELS, 


297 


cuperative  energy  wliidi  have,  witliin  a short  period,  built 
the  ^‘New  Chicago’’  on  the  site  of  the  great  fire,  and  one 
of  the  evidences  of  the  perfection  to  which  hotel-keeping 
has  reached  in  America. 

Cincinnati,  Ohio. — Burnet  House. 

For  many  years  past,  the  Barnet  has  been  the  house  of 
Cincinnati,  and  among  the  first  in  the  Middle  West ; and 
now  that  it  has  been  thoroughly  renovated  and  refurnished, 
and  is  under  the  control  of  a firm,  the  members  of  which 
have  made  themselves  enviable  reputation  in  management 
elsewhere,  in  some  of  the  very  best  hotels  of  the  Continent, 
the  Barnet  is  fully  maintaining  its  old  status  as  the  best 
located  and  most  desirable  house  in  Cincinnati,  and  even 
adding  materially  to  reputation  and  popularity. 

Delaware  Water-Gap,  Pa.  — KiUaiinny  and 
Water-  Gap  Houses. 

This  side  of  paradise  there  is  not  probably  finer  air  to  be 
found,  than  that  of  the  Penn^lvania  Mountains  of  the  Upper 
Delaware, — as  there  are  few  reaches  of  finer  scenery  than  can 
be  found  in  that  neighborhood.  In  the  midst  of  that  noble 
scenery  are  located  the  Kittatinny  and  Water-Gap  Houses, 
admirable  hostelries,  and  the  former  for  many  years  one  of 
the  favorite  resorts  of  those  who  wish  to  blend  the  Rhine 
and  the  Bavarian  Highlands,  without  crossing  the  Atlantic, 
while  the  latter  is  rapidly  growing  into  corresponding  pub- 
lic favor  and  patronage. 

Detroit,  Mich, — The  Russell  House, 

Beyond  question,  one  of  the  most  admirable  houses  of  the 
North-West,  is  the  Russell,  standing  in  one  of  the  hand- 
somest localities,  as  well  as  in  one  of  the  most  convenient  for 
reaching  from  any  quarter,  that  could  have  been  afforded  by 
the  pretty  little  “ City  of  the  Straits.” 


298 


SHORT- TRIP  GUIDE. 


Lake  GEORGE.—i^c^r?^  William  Henry  Hotel. 

A very  large  and  admirably  kept  summer  hotel,  standing 
on  the  southern  shore  of  the  lake,  commanding  the  finest  of 
views  over  it,  and  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  old  Fort 
George  and  the  other  points  of  historical  interest  of  that 
romantic  section.  One  of  the  most  popular  of  fashionable 
resorts,  for  residence,  and  as  on  the  line  of  travel  northward 
from  Saratoga,  to  Champlain  and  Canada — the  boats  up 
Lake  George,  making  the  connection  to  the  larger  lake  and 
the  north,  taking  their  departure  almost  from  the  very  doors. 
The  reduced  tariff  of  charges  of  this  year,  is  very  attractive 
to  the  world  of  pleasure-seekers.  [Kept  in  connection  with 
the  Arlington,  Washington,  D.  C,,  recognized  as  the  favorite 
house  at  the  Capital.] 

Lake  Tahoe,  Cal. — The  Tahoe  House. 

A very  pleasant  house,  with  a singularly  lovely  location, 
on  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Tahoe,  the  site  commanding  one 
of  the  most  beautiful  lake  views  in  the  wmrld. 

Lexington,  Va. — National  House. 

As  the  seat  of  the  Virginia  Military  Academy,  as  well  as 
the  spot  of  burial  of  Lee  and  Stonewall  Jackson,  Lexington 
presents  many  attractions  to  the  tourist,  apart  from  its  near- 
ness to  Goshen  Pass  and  the  Natural  Bridge ; and  the 
National  is  the  hotel  of  Lexington. 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. — West  End  Hotel. 

The  West  End,  built  within  a few  years  to  meet  the  de- 
mand for  a better  and  more  picturesque  class  of  hotel  build- 
ing on  the  great  bluff  of  Long  Branch,  has  fairly  asserted  its 
pre-eminence  as  the  most  fashionable  of  the  houses  of  that 
unrivaled  summer  gathering-place,  and  under  its  pi;esent 
and  capable  liberal  management  may  take  rank  with  the 
best  hotels  of  the  cities,  while  unexcelled  in  location,  nearest 


AMERICAN  HOTELS. 


299 


to  the  more  eclectic  residences  of  the  Branch.”  Important 
alterations  and  additions,  made  every  season,  make  the  West 
End  continually  even  more  capable  of  accommodating  its 
immense  fashionable  clientelle. 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. — Howland's  Hotel.  ' 

The  oldest  of  the  original  Long  Branch  hotels  now  remain- 
ing*, Howland’s  (very  near  to  the  West  Eni  in  location),  while 
entirely  remodelled,  enlarged  and  handsomely  modernized, 
has  lost  nothing  of  its  old  reputation  as  among  the  most 
charming  of  family  resorts  on  the  coast.  Its  management  is 
always  excellent  in  every  detail  ; and  its  large  clientelle  of 
resident  summer  guests  will  not  find  any  of  its  old  charms 
lacking,  under  the  control  of  proprietors  so  thoroughly  un- 
derstanding the  place,  their  visitors,  and  the  requirements 
of  both. 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. — Morris  Paoilion. 

Another  of  the  old-time  and  always  popular  resorts  of  the 
“Branch”  is  the  Pavilion,  traditional  for  the  solid  comfort 
and  quiet  enjoyment  afforded  to  visitors,  without  any  pre- 
tense at  the  fatigue  of  ultra  fashion. 


Mammoth  Grove,  Cal. — {See  Big  Trees.) 

Montreal,  Canada. — Si.  Lawrence  Hall. — Ottawa 
House. 

Natural  Bridge,  fa. — Natural  Bridge  Hotel. 

The  opinion  has  been  elsewhere  freely  expressed  that  the 
Natural  Bridge  is  one  of  the  grandest  pieces  of  rock- work  ou 
either  Continent  ; and  the  desire  to  visit  this  great  wonder  of 
nsLture  is  enough  to  make  popular  the  Natural  Bridge  Hotel, 
which  lies  beside  it  and  affords  the  only  gate  of  entrance  for 
the  view. 


800 


SHOET-TRIP  GUIDE 


New  York  City. — The  Windsor  Hotel 

This  magnificent  house,  among  the  largest  and  most  per- 
fectly built  in  tho  world,  and  located  on  Fifth  Avenue,  filling 
the  entire  block  between  and  opening  upon  both  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty -seventh  Streets,  is  worthy  the  proud  name 
which  it  bears, as  suggestive  of  much  that  is  royal  and  noble 
in  English  history,  and  may  be  adduced  as  one  of  the  crown- 
ing proofs  of  the  perfection  to  which  hotel-keeping  in  the 
larger  cities  of  America  has  attained.  In  the  management 
are  associated  (as  the  official  card  bears  witness),  those  who 
have  been  eminently  successful  and  popular  in  the  gentle 
art  of  ministering  to  the  comfort  of  the  travel-world  ; and 
years  have  not  been  needed  to  place  it  high  in  confidence 
and  distinguished  patronage. 

New  York  City. — The  Brevoort  House. 

This  house,  of  the  first  fashion,  and  the  peculiarity  of  the 
most  distinguished  English  patronage,  stands  on  Fifth  Av- 
enue, in  the  immediate  neighborhood  of  that  handsome 
public  ground,  Washington  Square,  and  may  be  said  to  have 
an  exceptionally  fine  location,  combining  convenience  to 
places  of  evening  resort  with  quietness  and  all  those  name- 
less pleasant  features  distinguishing  the  true  temporary 
^^home^^  of  the  traveled  from  the  mere  crowded  caravan- 
serai. Every  year  seems  to  add  to  the  charm  of  this  un- 
exceptionable house,  and  the  number  of  its  visitors  of  dis- 
tinction. 

Niagara  i’ALLS. — International  Hotel 

This  large  and  first-class  hotel  offers  peculiar  temptations 
to  tourists,  in  its  possession  of  all  those  modern  luxurious 
improvements  adding  so  materially  to  the  pleasure  of  travel, 
as  well  as  in  its  charming  location,  immediately  over  the 
American  Fall,  at  Prospect  Point,  with  the  bridge  to  Goat 
Island  almost  at  its  doors,  opening  all  the  scenic  wonders  of 
both  Falls  from  that  Island  and  the  Sister  Islands.  Mean' 


AMEBIC  AN  HOTELS, 


301 


■wliile,  especially  adding  to  its  g-eneral  cliarm,  are  the^^Eiv'er 
Parlors/’  extending:  one  hundred  feet  over  the  rapids,  afford- 
ing unequalled  view,  and  luxurious  in  every  detail, — while 
the  lodg-ing:  rooms  connected  with  them  hold  literally  a place 
alone  in  the  charm  of  their  location. 

Niagara  Falls. — Clijton  House. 

The  Clifton,  an  old  and  excellent  house,  familiar  for  many 
years  to  the  people  of  two  continents,  must  ever  be  a favorite 
with  those  who  have  once  known  its  splendid  location,  on 
the  Canadian  side,  at  the  verge  of  the  river,  and  with  the 
whole  marvelous  panorama  of  the  American  and  Horseshoe 
Falls  fully  visible  from  its  broad  piazzas  and  many  windows. 
Meanwhile,  though  on  Canada  soil,  it  habitually  flies  the 
“ Stars-and-stripes” — a fact  well  worth  noting. 

Ottawa,  Can, — The  Russell  House, 

A first-class  hotel  of  large  size  and  good  management, 
located  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Parliament  Houses, 
Government  Buildings,  and  Barrack  Hill,  with  its  fine  views, 
and  indispensable  to  visitors  to  the  Capital  of  the  Dominion, 
of  whom  every  year  necessarily  sees  an  augmented  number, 
as  the  charms  of  its  location  and  coolness  as  a ];)lace  of 
summer-sojourn  become  more  fully  appreciated. 

Philadelphia. — Continental  Hotel. 

One  of  the  largest  and  most  perfectly  appointed  houses  in 
America,  as  well  as  one  of  the  best-known — holding  a pecu- 
liarly central  position,  on  Chestnut  Street,  and  combining 
with  its  large  extent  all  those  modern  improvements  and 
luxuries  which  have  made  the  American  hotel  of  the  best 
class  world-celebrated.  Not  to  have  visited  the  Continental 
is  held  to  be  equivalent  to  not  having  known  the  heart  of 
Philadelphia,  and  consequently  of  having  missed  many  of 
the  most  charming  features  of  the  second  city  of  America. 
During  the  Centennial  year  it  worthily  added  to  its  popu- 


303 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE. 


larity  by  accommodating  all  comers,  apparently  without 
trouble,  and  without  extortion,  even  under  the  temptations  of 
that  tempting  season. 

Poet  LAND,  Me. — The  Falmouth  House, 

San  Francisco,  Cal. — Palace  Hotel — Occidental 
Hotel. 

Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.  — Grand  Union.  — 
United  States. — Congress  Hall. — Clarendon. 

Savannah,  Ga. — The  Screven  House. 

St.  Louis,  Mo. — The  Lindell  House. 

All  the  modern  improvements  have  been  applied  in  the 
construction  of  this  new  and  elegant  house,  one  of  the  larg- 
est as  well  as'one  of  the  leading  hotels  of  the  West.  It  is 
located  on  Washington  Avenue,  now  the  thoroughfare  of 
the  city,  since  the  opening  of  the  Great  Bridge,  and  stands 
on  the  site  of  the  old  house  of  the  same  name,  a favorite 
throughout  the  whole  country,  while  in  no  respect  the  equal 
of  the  present  magnificent  building.  Few  houses,  in  any 
city  of  the  world,  can  so  fully  justify  the  claim  of  the 
Lindell,  to  be  at  once  the  business  and  society  hotel and 
in  certain  features — among  others  its  table,  its  thoroughly 
fire-proof  construction,  and  the  running  of  its  elevators  at 
all  hours  of  the  day  and  night — it  presents  something  unique 
in  hotel  management. 

Toronto,  Ca. — The  Queen's  Hotel. 

One  of  the  best-known  and  most  complete  houses  in  the  Do- 
minion, with  a flattering  and  well-deserved  reputation  as 
one  of  the  best-kept  and  most-  carefully-managed,  as  well  as 
admirably  located  for  visiting  the  Lake  shore  itself,  the 


AMERICAN  HOTELS. 


303 


public  buildin^2^s  and  fine  frrounds  making  Toronto  a place  of 
pleasant  sojourn  for  all  who  once  visit  it.  From  the  Queen’s, 
the  University,  Osgoode  Hall,  and  indeed  all  the  more 
notable  structures  of  the  town,  can  be  reached  at  very  lim- 
ited distances  in  pleasant  foot  excursions.  It  has  also  the 
specialty  of  being  selected  by  Cook  as  the  home  of  the  tour- 
ist. A branch  house,  the  Queen’s  Royal  Niagara,”  is 
charmingly  located  at  the  mouth  of  the  Niagara  River. 

Trenton  Falls,  New  York. — Moore's  Hotel: 

Without  doubt,  one  of  the  most  capitally- located  hotels  on 
the  American  continent,  standing  within  a few  rods  of  the 
matchlessly-beautiful  Falls  of  Trenton,  and  indeed  com- 
manding access  to  them,  as  well  as  supplying  guides  and 
every  essential  for  the  visit.  Has  noble  groves  and  fine  plea- 
sure grounds,  and  a Geological  Museum  of  the  first  extent 
and  value,  besides  being,  as  a place  of  transient  visit  or 
longer  abode,  thoroughly  well  kept,  and  in  every  regard  one 
of  the  most  enjoyable  of  the  pleasure-resorts  of  America. 
Not  lo  have  seen  Trenton  Falls,  and  Moore's,  is  to  have 
omitted  a crowning  experience. 

Washington,  D.  C. — The  Arlington. 

A house  of  high  character  and  first  class  patronage,  seldom 
making  any  announcement  to  the  public,  from  the  fact  that 
that  patronage  is  at  once  assured  and  eclectic,  coru]^  osed  of 
the  most  distinguished  society  of  the  two  continents.  Prob- 
ably as  many  of  the  names  of  people  of  taste  and  fashion  in 
the  world  of  travel,  can  be  found  on  the  books  of  this  house, 
as  of  any  other  in  America.  The  Arlington  is  under  the 
same  capable  management  as  the  Fort  William  Henry  Hotel, 
Lake  George,  elsewhere  mentioned  at  length. 

Watkins  Glen,  N.  Y- — Glen  Park  Hotel. — Lake 
Yiew  House. — Glen  Mountain  House. 


e304 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


West  Point,  N.  Y. — Gozzens'  Hotel. 

One  of  the  most  magnificently  located,  as  well  as  one  of 
the  most  tastefully  built  of  all  American  hotels,  is  Cozzens’, 
at  West  Point,  commanding  the  finest  part  of  the  passage 
through  the  Hudson  Highlands,,  and  often  winning  the  name 
of  the  ‘ 'Eagle’s  Nest”  from  its  height  above  the  river,  while 
really  among  the  easiest  of  summer  resorts,  to  reach  by  boat 
or  rail.  Among  American  retreats  at  once  fashionable  and 
enjoyable,  Cozzens’  holds  a ‘'high  place”  in  fact,  as  well  as 
in  altitude.  It  is  now  in  the  capable  hands  of  new  pro- 
prietors, who  are,  however,  old  hotel-men,  and  who  will  not 
allow  it  to  descend  from  its  position,  in  any  sense. 

Weyer’s  Cave,  Va. — Weyer's  Cave  Hotel 

Tourists  visiting  the  Cave  have  all  comforts,  and  many 
luxuries,  spread  before  them  at  the  Weyer’s  Cave  Hotel, 
where  guides  may  be  procured,  and  where  sojourn  long 
enough  to  thoroughly  "do”  this  great  natural  marvel,  will 
be  found  pleasant  and  profitable. 

Yosemite  Valley,  Cal. — Hutchings'  Hotel. 

Mr.  Hutchings,  best  posted  of  all  the  pioneers  of  the  Great 
Valley,  has  the  hotel  furthest  up  the  Valley  itself,  nearest  to 
most  points  of  interest,  and  simply  indispensable  to  visitors, 
both  for  convenience  and  comfort. 


REMINDERS  FOR  RAMBLERS. 


[See  announcement  cards,  followinnr  at  close  of  volume, 
for  many  particulars  of  value  and  interest — the  main  facts 
(and  facts  only)  bein^r  here  simply  and  hastily  alluded  to  for 
the  general  information  of  travelers.] 

SPECIAL  ROUTES  FOR  TRAVELERS. 

There  is  no  feature  so  notable,  in  American  Travel, 
as  the  great  Californian  Trip,  by  rail,  by  which  such  a won- 
derful space,  involving  the  most  picturesque,  novel  and 
interesting  scenery,  can  be  covered  in  so  few  days,  and  so 
much  added  to  the  previous  stock  of  intelligence  and  expe- 
rience— as  witness  the  official  announcement  of  the  Union 
and  Central  Pacific  Railroads,  following,  and  the  full  par- 
ticulars there  given  of  the  wonderful  combinations  and  con- 
nections of  the  route,  not  only  to  San  Francisco  and  the 
other  Californian  cities  and  places  of  interest,  but  the  Colo- 
rado Mountain  regions  (the  Switzerland  of  America),  the 
great  Mining  sections.  Salt  Lake  City,  &c.,  and,  still  beyond, 
to  Japan,  China  and  the  East. 

The  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  one  of  the  largest  un- 
dertakings of  its  kind  in  the  New  World,  challenges  favor- 
able comparison  with  any  in  the  Old,  for  the  perfection 
of  its  construction,  equipment  and  management;  for  the 
completeness  of  its  service,  and  the  consideration  and  ac- 
commodation it  affords  its  patrons.  Centering  in  Philadel- 
phia, its  colossal  ramifications  connect  New  York  on  the 
one  side,  with  the  extreme  South  and  West  on  the  other; 
and  this  continuity  of  travel  sho>vs  conclusively  the  advan- 
tage of  railway  transit  being  in  the  hands  of  large  and 
responsible  corporations. 


303 


SHORT-TBIP  GUIDE,  * 


The  New  York  and  Philadelphia  New  Line  ” 
affords  a delitjlitful  variation  in  tlie  route  between  the 
above  cities.  It  is  made  up  of  portions  of  the  well-reputed 
old  lines,  the  New  Jersey  Central  and  the  North  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  a new  link  from  Bound  Brook,  in  the  former, 
to  the  River  Delaware;  where  it  forms  a junction  with  a 
new  extension  of  the  latter  road.  This  portion  will  be  a 
first  class  double  track,  stone-ballasted,  built  and  equipped 
with  all  the  latest  improvements,  and  run  with  especial 
regard  to  speed  and  safety.  Its  passengers  during  the  Ex- 
position will  land  conveniently  at  the  Penn.  Depot,  main 
entrance  of  the  grounds,  thus  securing  all  advantages. 

The  North  Pennsylvania  Piailroad,  running  from 
Philadelphia  northwards,  to  the  crossing  of  the  Lehigh 
River  at  Bethlehem,  is  one  of  the  best  equipped  and  ar- 
ranged in  the  State.  It  affords  a most  picturesque  route  of 
travel,  and  connects,  at  this  point,  with  the  Lehigh  Valley 
roads ; passing  through  the  coal  districts  of  the  State  and 
the  historic  Valleys  of  Wyoming,  Susquehanna,  &c.  Scenes 
of  unequalled  beauty  and  originality  are  thus  afforded  to 
the  tourist ; and  Niagara  Falls  are  reached  without  change 
of  cars.  Passengers  by  this  line  are  also  taken  to  the  Main 
Entrance  of  the  Exposition  at  Philadelphia. 

The  card  of  the  New  Jersey  Southern  Railroad,  for 
the  present  season,  shows  that  the  Company  has  now  two 
fast  and  splendid  boats  on  the  line,  to  Sandy  Hook,  in  the 
Jesse  Hoyt  and  Crystal  Wave,  supplying  the  pleasantest  of 
transits  to  the  Hook,  Highlands  of  Navesink,  Long  Branch, 
&c. , and  thence  on  to  Philadelphia  by  that  and  connecting 
roads,  twice  a day,  and  in  “good  form,”  as  our  English 
cousins  say. 

Of  the  more  prominent  roads  of  the  country  the 

Baltimore  and  Ohio  ranks  among  the  first  for  the  excellence 


REMINDERS  FOR  RAMBLERS. 


807 


of  its  management,  the  extent  and  perfection  of  its  equip- 
ment and  accommodation,  and  for  the  magnificent  scenery 
through  which  it  passes.  Connecting  Baltimore  and  Wash- 
ington wuth  the  far  West,  its  wide-reaching  arms  extend  to 
Cincinnati,  St.  Louis,  Chicago,  and  by  its  connections  to  the 
whole  of  the  West,  South,  and  South-West.  From  Harper's 
Ferry,  crossing  the  Allegheny  Mountains  to  the  Ohio  River, 
the  road  goes  through  the  best  of  American  scenery,  illus- 
trating the  Railroad  construction  of  this  country  by  some  of 
its  most  stupendous  works.  As  a pendant,  the  manage- 
ment have  made  arrangements  for  admirable  hotel  accom- 
modations along  the  line,  duly  referred  to  in  the  chapter  on 
American  Hotels. 

The  Great  Atlantic  Coast  Line  Railway  is  one  of  the 
representative  roads  of  America,  connecting  the  Great  North 
with  the  whole  of  the  Southern  Seaboard  States  to  its  ob- 
jective point — Florida.  At  Portsmouth  joining  the  steamship 
lines,  and  at  Weldon  the  Northern  Railroads,  passengers  are 
luxuriously  conveyed  by  the  shortest  direct  route  to  Colum- 
bia, Aiken,  Charleston  and  Savannah.  With  its  connections, 
the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  R.  R.,  &c.,  it  forms  the  special  route  to 
Florida,  whose  just  claims  to  be  considered  the  Italy  of  the 
New  World  are  now  fully  recognized.  For  tourists  and 
others  seeking  this  resort,  especial  and  careful  accommoda- 
tions are  most  complete.  Tickets  to  all  points  can  be  ob- 
tained in  New  York,  Philadelphia,  and  chief  cities. 

The  Chicago  and  North-Western  Railroad  is  at 
once  one  of  the  greatest  and  best-managed  enterprises  of  the 
North-West,  a great  trunk-line  leading  from  Chicago,  by 
IMlton,  Clinton,  Cedar  Rapids,  Boone,  &c.,  to  Council 
Bluffs,  Omaha,  and  connecting  there  with  the  Pacific  roads 
for  California;  also  with  lines  leading  directly  from  Chicago 
by  Kenosha,  Racine,  &c.,  to  Milwaukee;  and  to  Fort  How- 
ard, Green  Bay,  or  direct  connection  to  St.  Paul  and  Lake 


308 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE. 


Superior,  with  numberless  other  ramifications,  of  the  first 
interest  to  travelers,  and  which  only  the  official  announce- 
ment can  fully  explain.  It  is  the  well-founded  boast  of  the 
0.  & N.  W.,  among*  other  things,  that  it  supplies  the  most 
magnificent  Pullman  Drawing  Room  and  Hotel  Cars,  to  be 
found  on  any  line  in  America,  thus  adding  to  the  speed  of 
travel  a luxury  otherwise  unattainable. 

The  Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy  Railroad 
claims,  and  justly,  to  be  among  the  leading  lines  of  the  Con- 
tinent, affords  a favorite  route  from  Chicago  to  Omaha, 
and  thence  by  its  connections  to  San  Francisco  and  the 
Pacific  slope.  Its  equipment  and  careful  consideration  for 
its  patrons  are  unsurpassed;  and  among  the  announcements 
of  the  Company,  that  Pullman’s  palatial  dining  and  break- 
fasting saloon  on  wheels,”  furnishing  "“sumptuous  meals  at 
75  cents  while  traveling  at  the  rate  of  thirty  miles  an 
hour,”  is  the  climax  of  railroad  accommodation — ^is  a fact 
endorsed  and  verified  by  the  many  who  have  partaken  of  it. 

The  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and  St.  Paul  Railway  is 
the  representative  line  of  the  district  through  which  it  runs. 
With  Chicago  north  and  north-westward  it  connects  Mil- 
waukee, and  in  its  immediate  vicinity  the  far-famed  Min- 
eral springs  of  Bethesda,  &c.,  and  a neighborhood  un- 
rivalled for  its  beautiful  scenery  and  as  a summer  resort ; 
thence  westward  to  Madison,  the  State  Capital,  Prairie  du 
Chien,  St.  Paul,  Minneapolis,  the  Falls  of  St,  Anthony,  &c. 
An  alternative  route  through  Portage  City,  by  Lacrosse, 
passes  up  the  valley  of  the  Mississippi  to  Bt.  Paul,  and 
affords  scenic  views  of  unequalled  grandeur  and  beauty. 
The  equipment  and  accommodation  of  this  road  are  unsiur- 
passed. 

The  Clyde  Coastwise  and  Steamship  Lines  now  rank 
among  the  most  prominent  and  numerous  in  America. 
Their  ships  distinguished  alike  for  their  size  and  full  power 


IIEMINDEES  FOR  RAMBLERS. 


809 


no  less  than  for  their  complete  arrangements  for  perfect 
ventilation  and  the  general  wants  of  their  passengers,  they 
supply  the  pleasantest  means  of  transit  to  the  Soiith-Easierii 
States,  Havana  and  other  West  India  ports.  Tourists  on 
those  routes  will  do  well  to  consider  these  advantages.  The 
newly-established  line  to  California,  in  connection,  is  else- 
wdiere  referred  to. 

The  Day  Line  of  Steamers  on  the  Hudson  River, 
from  New  York  to  West  Point,  the  Catskill  Mountains,  &c., 
to  Albany,  supplies  two  of  the  fastest  and  most  commodious 
steamers  in  the  world,  in  the  “ Chauncey  Vibbard  ” and 
‘ Daniel  Drew,’’  carrying  music  on  all  trips,  making  the 
whole  run,  in  either  direction,  by  daylight,  and  affoiding 
opportunities  for  observation  of  the  whole  line  of  Hudson 
River  scenery,  unattainable  by  any  .other  route  or  mode. 
[See  map  of  the  Hudson,  accompanying  announcement.] 

The  People’s  Line  of  Steamers  between  New  York 
and  Albany  affords  another  splendid  Centennial  feature  in 
travel  on  the  Hudson  River ; leaving  either  place  at  evening 
and  arriving  at  the  other  in  the  morning,  in  time  for  all 
railway  connections;  and  supplying  in  the  ‘‘St.  John,” 
“ Drew,”  and  “ Dean  Richmond,”  the  three  noblest  and  most 
luxurious  specimens  of  inland  marine  architecture  on  the 
globe,  with  accommodations  of  perfect  completeness  and 
princely  splendor,  while  still  making  no  heavy  draft  on  the 
purse  in  any  detail  of  service.  [See  Map  of  the  Hudson, 
accompanying  official  announcement  for  connections,  &c.] 

The  Alary  Poivell  (steamer),  running  as  an  after- 
noon boat  from  New  York  to  West  Point,  Newburgh  and 
other  points  on  the  Hudson,  to  Rondont  (Kingston),  shows 
still  another  of  those  “ Prides  of  the  Hudson”  just  referred 
to  ; passing  through  the  Highlands  by  daylight,  and  afford- 
ing the  most  charming  of  views  of  that  splendid  river  scenery; 


310 


SHOBT^TRIP  GUIDE, 


the  boat  herself,  meanwhile,  a beauty,  a favorite  and  a 
celebrity. 

LEA.DING  INSURANCE  COMPANIES. 

The  hints  given  in  one  of  the  earlier  papers  of  this 
volume,  as  to  the  propriety  of  every  traveler  (and  indeed 
every  man),  taking  a reasonable  Life  Assurance,  do  not  lose 
their  force,  year  by  year,  but  rather  add  new;  meanwhile,  the 
American  system  is  the  best  in  the  world,  as  now  admitted  by 
the  highest  authorities  of  both  continents  ; and  in  some  es- 
pecial companies  hereinafter  named,  will  be  found  the  very 
highest  types  of  extensive  business,  reliability  and  useful- 
ness. First  among  these  may  be  named  the  EquitaUe  Life 
Assurance  Society  of  the  United  States,  No.  120  Broadway, 
in  whose  remodelled  building,  now  nearly  completed,  may 
be  found  the  most  perfect  commercial  structure  in  the  world, 
and  one  of  the  most  tastefully  elegant,  while  its  business 
is  among  the  largest  in  the  country  ; and  the  New  York 
Life  Insurance  Company,  No.  346  Broadway,  only  less  ele- 
gantly-lodged than  the  rival  Company,  and  quite  as  com- 
modiously,  while  its  figures  show  the  extent  and  soundness 
of  its  great  beneficial  business.  In  both  these  companies  lies 
an  absolute  matter  of  national  pride,  as  well  as  one  of  im- 
portant knowledge  to  the  intending  investor  in  this  most 
advisable  of  securities. 

In  intimate  connection  with  the  subject  of  Life  In- 
surance, comes  that  of  Accident  Insurance,  in  which  de- 
tail, too,  America  affords  one  of  the  noblest  examples,  in 
the  Travelers'  Insurance  Company,  of  Hartford,  Connec- 
ticut, with  a New  York  centre,  &c.  The  Travelers  has 
been  for  years  doing  a noble  work,  meeting  with  very 
great  and  deserved  success,  and  annually  paying  out  im- 
mense sums  to  the  families  of  those  killed  by  accident, 
or  to  the  disabled  themselves  in  their  day  of  dimin- 


EEMmDERS  FOR  RAMBLERS. 


311 


islied  receipts  and  possible  need.  The  figures  of  business  of 
the  past  year  show  something  of  the  keenness  with  which 
the  American  public  are  waking  to  the  need  and  the  benefit 
of  such  an  institution,  so  indispensable  among  a nation  of 
travelers— and  of  the  amount  which  every  late  year  demands 
irom  this  Company,  to  pay  for  lost  lives  and  injured  bodies. 
This  Company  affords  also  the  ordinary  Life  Assurance  in 
connection,  with  the  best  advantages. 

The  Hanomr  Fire  Insurance  Company,  office,  120 
Broadway,  New  York,  continues  to  offer  the  best  and  most 
reliable  guarantees  against  loss  or  damage  by  the  devouring 
element,  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  of  remembrances  to 
those  who  leave  property  behind  them  when  traveling  ; 
while  a visit  to  the  office  of  the  Company  will  show  the  best 
thing  of  its  kind  in  the  world,  in  appointments  and  manage- 
ment, especially  since  the  late  enlargement  of  space,  ren- 
dered necessary  by  increase  of  business. 

NEW  YORK  CITY  SPECIALTIES. 

At  the  American  Branch  of  the  house  of  Messrs, 
Thomas  Cook  & Son — Cook,  Son  & Jenkins,  261  Broadway, 
all  the  Cook’s  Tourist  Tickets  may  be  obtained,  for  both 
European  and  American  Travel,  and  much  money  saved  in 
going  over  many  routes  on  both  continents,  &c. 

Passports  for  Europe,  as  we  all  know,  are  convenient 
and  profitable,  if  not  always  indispensable — as  they  supply 
identification,  often  save  fees,  &c.  Arrangements  have  been 
made,  by  which  they  can  be  supplied  at  the  very  shortest 
notice,  on  application  at  MorforJs  Travel  Office,  52  Broad- 
way, or  to  James  Taylor,  Passport  Agent,  Notary  and  Com- 
missioner for  all  the  States,  No.  345  Broadway,  corner  of 
Leonard  Street,  New  York  City. 

Intending  passengers  for  Europe  or  tourists  to  any 

part  of  America  can  examine  maps,  trace  out  routes,  obtain 


m 


BIIORT^TBIP  GUIDE. 


any  information  desired,  or  have  passages  secured  by  any  of 
the  best  lines  of  travel,  with  the  advantages  of  the  j^ersonal 
experience  of  an  old  traveler,  at  Morford/s  Tra^d  Office,  62 
Broadway,  New  York — now  open  in  connection  with  the 
management  and  publication  of  the  Short-Trip  Guides’'  to 
Europe  and  America. 

Indispensable  to  those  who  wish  to  lay  out  routes  in 
Europe  and  travel  intelligently  as  well  as  comfortably  and 
economically,  will  be  found  the  companion  volume  to  this — 
“ Morjord’s  Short-Trip  Guide  to  Europe'^’  (editorial  office,.  52 
Broadway),  of  which  a leading  U.  S.  official  said,  lately, 
return'-ng  from  a tour  of  the  Old  World,  and  speaking  to  a 
ship-board  acquaintance  : **  My  party,  in  our  travels  through 
the  British  Islands  and  on  the  Continent,  had  nearly  all  the 
Guide-Books  and  cell  the  American  ; and  it  is  only  justice  to 
say,  that  after  due  examination,  though  using  some  of  the 
larger  and  the  local  Guides,  occasionally,  for  particu’ars  not 
allowed  by  its  limited  space — ice  found  Mo r ford's  the  hook  to 
arrange  routes  and  travel  hy,  and  made  it  our  chief  depend- 
ence throughout.” 

The  Home  Journal^  the  leading  fashion  and  society 
paper  in  America,  and  indeed  holding  a corresponding  place 
in  that  regard  to  the  London  Court  Journal,”  while  it  pos- 
sesses a literary  ability  to  which  the  English  exponents  of 
aristocracy  and  fashion  cannot  pretend,  has  actually  be- 
come a necessity  in  the  higher  walks  of  American  life,  and 
is  beginning  to  exercise  no  small  influence  as  a fashion 
authority  abroad. 

That  the  Mendelssohn  Piano  Company^  of  which  the 
office  is  at  56  Broadway,  New  York  City,  have  in  several  re- 
gards deserved  so  well  of  all  lovers  of  music  and  employers 
of  musical  instruments,  as  to  be  worthy  of  all  the  immense 
popularity  they  have  attainel.  They  have  deserved  well, 
in  all  their  many  improvements  on  and  over  the  ordinary 


REMmDEBS  FOB  BAMBLEBS. 


313 


piano — culminating  in  what  is  undoubtedly  the  best  Upright 
Piano  ever  made^  as  additional  to  their  admirable  Squares 
and  Grands ; and  they  have  deserved  even  better  in  throw- 
ing overboard  the  whole  costly  system  of  agencies,  putting 
themselves  in  immediate  connection  with  buyers,  and  thus 
supplying  $1,000  pianos  at  $450;  $900  at  $400;  $850  at 
$350 ; $650  at  $275,  and  $600  at  $250  1 

That  to  no  mechanician  of  the  day  is  the  art  of  print- 
ing so  much  indebted  as  to  Andrew  Campbell,  head  of  the 
Campbell  Press  and  Manufacturing  Company,  39  Beekman 
street,  New  York,  and  Wythe  avenue  and  Hewes  street, 
Brooklyn.  It  may  be  said  that  Mr.  Campbell,  a thorough 
inventor  as  well  as  machinist,  has  literally  revolutionized 
the  construction  of  printing  presses  and  their  accompani- 
ments, in  doing  away  with  the  heavy,  clumsy  and  needlessly- 
expensive,  and  bringing  into  play  all  the  resources  of  en- 
gineering to  produce  perfect  accuracy  combined  with 
comparative  lightness  and  cheapness  before  unheard  of. 
No  higher  proof  of  the  excellence  of  the  Campbell  Presses 
is  needed,  than  to  say  that  the  best  of  the  splendid  Aldine 
printing  has  been  done  on  them — that  their  work  done  a;fc 
the  Centennial  was  universally  admired — and  that  they,  as 
well  as  the  Rotary  Perfecting  Printing  and  Folding  Ma- 
chines, of  this  manufactory,  received  the  very  highest 
«,wards  of  the  Centennial  Commission, 


PHILADELPHIA  SPECIALTIES. 

Perhaps  the  most  perfect  Drug-and-Fancy-Store  in 
ithe  world,  as  certainly  one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  arrange- 
ment and  most  extensive  in  the  variety  of  articles  embraced 
is  that  of  A.  Z.  Helmbold,  Chestnut  Street,  between  Eighth 
and  Ninth,  and  within  the  Continental  Hotel.  The  dispens- 
ing of  medicines  and  chemical  preparations  is  really  made 
a branch  of  fine  art,  under  such  auspices  as  those  enjoyed 


314 


SHOBT-TRIP  GUIDE, 


by  Mr.  Helmbold,  whose  literal  bazar  is  open  all  night,  and 
who  adds  to'' general  business  the  specialty  of  supplying,  at 
first  hands,  the  well-known  and  popular  Helmbold’s  Prepa- 
ations,  now  almost  indispensable  in  the  medical  world. 

The  Travelers'  Official  Guide^  published  monthly, 
by  the  National  Kailway  Publication  Company,  Philadelphia, 
is  very  correct,  careful,  and  wonderfully  comprehensive,  and 
affords  incomparably  the  best  authority  on  the  Western 
Continent,  as  to  time  of  trains,  connections,  and  every 
information  necessary  for  the  traveler,. 

Messrs.  Claxton,  Eemsen  & HafFelfinger,  the  well- 
known  bool^sellers  of  Market  Street,  announce  the  third 
edition  of  the  audacious  and  successful  Centennial  Novel, 
“7%^  ^ur  of  Monmouth,"^  thus  evidencing  that  there  is  a 
taste  for  historical  romance  in  America,  however  that  fact 
has  been  denied,  at  hbrne  and  abroad.  The  book  is  certainly 
a remarkable  0ne,4ike  the  occasion  in  which  it  originated 


i 

'fJ’/rj 


M 


-Umz 


STEAMSHIP  LINES. 


■y  ... 


-jy- 


8H0RT-TEIP  GUIDE.-^ANNOUIi’ClSMENTS 


INMAN  LINE. 


NEW  YORK 

TO 

LIVERPOOL 
On  Saturdays. 


FROM 

T>IER  45. 

North  River, 

New  York. 


The  Large,  Full-Powered,  Clyde-Built  Steamships, 


Cttt  of  Chester,  Sat.,  May  5. 
CriY  OF  RirUMoND,  Sat.,  May  19, 
City  of  Berlin,  Sat , June  2. 
City  of  Chester,  Sat.,  June  9. 
City  of  Hichmovd,  Sat.,  June  23. 
City  of  Beulin.  Sat.,  July  7. 


City  of  Chester,  Sat.,  July  14. 

C rr  OF  Richmond,  Sat.,  July  28, 
CITY  OF  Berlin,  Sat.,  Aug.  11. 
Cirv  OK  < HESTER,  Sat.,  Aug.  18. 
City  of  Ei  hmond,  Sat.,  Sept.  1. 
&e.,  (fcc.,  &o. 


With  intermediate  and  succeeding  steamers,  as  warranted. 

The  course  laid  down  for  these  steamers,  and  followed  by  them  for  several 
years,  is  fixed  to  pass  Z50  miles  south  of  t’ape  Race.  Although  the  voyage  is 
thus  lengthened  about  loo  miles,  better  weather  is  met  with  and  there  is  much 
greater  freedom  from  fogs  and  floating  ice  and  the  danger  of  navigation  conse- 
quent thereon. 


R^TES  OF  PASSAGE, 

To  Liverpool,  $8o  and  $ioo,  gold.  I From  Liverpool,  $75  and  $90,  gold. 

I (1 5 to  18  Guineas.) 

Round  Trip  Tickets,  $145  and  $175,  gold. 


Steamers  leave  Liverpool  on  Thursdays. 
^ Queenstown  on  Fridays. 

“ “ New  York  on  Saturdays. 


For  further  information,  apply  at  the  Company’s  Oflices  t 


Li'verpooly 

^^uecnstowTiy 

Londorty 

Parisy 

Bostofty 

Philadelpmay 

ChicagOy 

New  York  to 


Wm.  Inman,  22  Water  Street. 

C.  & W.  D.  Seymour  & Co. 

Eives  & Allen,  61  King  William  Street* 

A.  H.  Johnson,  9 Rue  Scribe. 

L.  H.  Palmer,  5 Old  State  House. 

Geo.  a.  Faulk,  105  South  Fourth  Street. 
Francis  C.  Brown,  32  S.  Clark  Street  5 and  in 


JOHN  G.  DALE,  Agent, 

15  Broadway. 


SEOR  T-  TRIP  0 UIBE.  —A  NNO  UECE  MEETS. 


Steamers  Weekly  Between 


/vE]^V  YGRKy  LIVERPOOL  AND  QUEENSTOWN\ 

AND  FORTNIGHTLY  BETWEEN 


NEW  YORK  AND  LONDON  DIRECT. 


Spain,  . , , 4,871  tons, 

Egypt,  • . • 5,089 

Italy,  . . . 4,341  “ 

Holland,  . . • 3,847  “ 

France,  . . 3,676  “ 

Denmark,  , . . 3,724  “ 


England,  . . . 4,896  tons. 

The  Queen,  , . 4,470  “ 

Helvetia,  . , , 3,976  “ 

Erin,  ...  4,040  “ 

Canada,  , , , 4,276  “ 

Greece,  . . . 4,310 


The  above  powerful  British-built  Iron  Steamships,  with  spar  decks, 
and  water-compartments,  THE  LARGEST  IN  THE  TRADE,  during 
the  season  of  1877,  will  form  this  favorite  line,  leaving 

LIVERPOOL,  ....  EVERY  WEDNESDAY, 
QUEENSTOWN,  ....  EVERY  THURSDA  K. 
NEW  YORK,  ....  EVERY  SATURDAY, 
Weekly  and  from  LONDON 
From  the  Company’s  Piers, 

NOS.  44  AND  47,  NORTH  RIVER. 


CABIN  PASSAGE 

To  Liverpool,  Queenstown,  or  London,  $60  and  $70,  according  to  loca* 
tion  of  sleeping  rooms.  All  passengers  have  equal  privileges  in  the 
Saloon.  Return  Tickets  by  London  Steamer,  ^1005  by  Liverpool 
Steamer,  $110  and  |:i20.  For  passage  apply  at  the  Company’s  Offices, 
No,  21  Water  Street^  Liverpool^  and  at 
No,  69  Broadway,  New  York, 

F.  W.  J.  HURST,  Manager. 


ANjVO  uncements. 


“GUION  line; 

IT.  S.  and  Royal  Mail  Steamers. 


SAIliING  FUOM  NEW  YORK  FOR  QUEENSTOWN  AND 
lilVERFOOIi,  EVERY  TUESDAY. 


First-Class  Mail  Steamships 

MONTANA,  - - NEVADA, 

WISCONSIN,  - - IDAHO, 

Wyoming, 

From  Livei-pool  every  Wednesday,  and  Queenstown  every 
Thursday. 

DRFATS  payable  in  all  parts  of  England,  Ireland  and  Scotland. 
FOR  PASSAGE  APPLY  TO  ^ 

WILLIAMS  & GUION; 

29  Broadway. 


SHORT-TRIP  G UIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


STEAMERS  TO  FRANCE  DIRECT. 

General  "Transatlantic 

COMPANY’S 

FIRST-CLASS  STEAMSHIPS, 

Onder  Government  Contract  to  carry  the  Mails  between 

NEW  YORI^T  HAVRE. 

Leaving  New  York  and  Havre  every  Wednesday,  calling  at 

Plymouth. 

PEREtRE,  SAINT  LAURENT,  SAINT  GERMAIN, 

LABRADOR,  VILLE  DE  PARIS,  CANADA, 

AMERIQUE,  -FRANCE. 

Passage  Money  ( J^Fine  included)  Payable  in  Gold,  ’ 

FROM  NEW  YORK,  PLYMOUTH  OR  HAVRE, 

First  Cabin,  $ioo,  Second  Cabin,  $65, 

Third  Cabin,  I35,  Fourth  Class,  $26. 

To  Plymouth,  $25. 

Excursion  Tickets  issued  at  a reduction  of  10  per  cent, 
MEDICAL  ATTENDANCE  FREE  OF  CHARGE. 

American  Travelers  goin^^  to  or  returning  from  the  Continent  of  Eurcype,  by 
taking  this  Line,  avoid  both  transit  by  English  railway  and  the  discomforts  of 
crossing  the_Channel,.  besides  saving  time,  trouble  and  expense.  For  Freight  or 
Passaic  apply  at  the  Office  of 

^ ' LOUIS  DE  BEBIAN,  Agent, 

o ' i . ‘-55  Broadway,  New  York. 


SIIORT-TRIP  GUIDE  --ANNOUNCEMENTS^ 


NORTH  GERMAN  LLOYD. 


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The  Screw  Steamers  of  the  North  German  Lloyd: 


Hheix, 

Uain, 

I)ONAU, 

ifOI.N, 

Nkckau, 

Lkii*z:c, 

'W^'ESKll, 

Kuoxriiixz  Fui 


Hermann, 

Hansa, 

Hanover, 

Frankfurt, 

Strassburg, 

Mosel. 

BaltixUORe, 

Berlin, 

Ohio, 

Bismarck, 

America, 
SDRicii  Wilhelm, 

Oder, 

Habsburg, 

Hoiik:nzolern, 

Hohexstauffer, 

Sauer, 

Braunscuweig, 

N URN BE KG, 

General  Wekder, 


These  Vessels  carry  the  German^  British  and  United  States  Jlfails^ 
and  leave 

Bremen,  for  New  York,  by  Southampton,  every  Saturday. 

‘‘  for  Baltimore,  on  alternate  Wednesdays. 

SouTHAMPi'ON,  for  N ew  York,  every  Tuesday. 

“ for  Baltimore,  on  alternate  Saturdays. 

New  York,  for  Southampton  and  Bremen,  every  Saturday. 

Baltimore,  for  Southampton  and  Bremen,  every  alternate  Saturday. 


The  above  vessels  have  been  constructed  in  the  most  approved  manner; 
they  are  of  3 000  tons,  and  700  horse-power  each,  and  are  commanded  by 
men  of  character  and  experience,  who  will  make  every  exertion  to  pro- 
mote the  comfort  and  convenience  of  passengers.  They  touch  at  South- 
ampton. or  the  outward  trip,  for  the  purpose  of  landing  passengers  for 
England  and  France. 

These  Vessels  take  Freight  to  Bremen,  London,  Hull,  Rotterdam, 
Antwerp  and  Hamburg,  for  which  through  bills. of  lading  are  signed. 

An  experienced' surgeon  is  attached  to  each  vessel.  • 

All  letters  must  pass  through  the  post  office. 

Specie  taken  to  Havre,  Southampton  and  Bremen  at  the  lowest  rates. 

For  Prices  of  Passage,  and  all  further  particulars,  apply  to  NORTH 
GERMAN  LLOYD,  Bremen:  KELLER,  WALLIS  & POSTLE- 
THWAITE,  Southainptonand London:  PHILLTPPS,  GRAVES,  PHIL- 
I.IPPS  & CO. ^ Londoji:  L’HERBETTE,  KANE  &l  CO Havre  and 
Paris:  OELRICHS  & CO.,  Nezv  York  ';  A.  SCHUMACHER  & GO., 
BulUmore:  YA:>.  F.  STOCKMEYER  & CQ.,  AVw  Orleans:  H.  UP‘ 
MAN  & CO, y Havana^ 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


Pacific  MailSteamship  Line 

TO 

CALIFORNIA. 


For  time  of  Leaving  of  the  Magnificent 
Steamships  of  this  Line,  the  Oldest 
and  Most  Reliable  Route  to 
California,  and  all  Ports 
of  the  Pacific, 

From  Pier  Foot  of  Canal  st.,  N.  R./ 

NEW  YORK, 

And  also  for  Rates  of  passage,  made  to  accord  with 
the  times, 

See  Current  and  Weekly  Announcements. 

Close  Connections  made  at  San  Francisco  with  China 
Line  for 

JAPAN,  CHINA  AND  INDIA,  ' 

As  also  for  Ports  of  Oregon,  British  Columbia  and 
the  Northwest. 


For  Freight  or  Passage  pply  to 

WILLIAM  P.  CLYDE  & CO., 

No.  6 Bowling*  Green, 

Or  H.  J.  BULLA Y,  Superintendent^ 

Plei  Foot  Canal  Street^  North  BlTor* 


BANKING  HOUSES. 


. i 

. 


SnOR  T-  TRIP  0 UIDE.  —A  NNO  UNCEMENTS. 


BROWN  BROTHERS  & CO. 

5'9  Wall  Street,  New  York, 

Issue,  against  cash  deposited,  or  satisfactory  guarantee  of  repayment. 
Circular  Credits  for  Travellers,  in  dollars  for  use  in  the'  United  States  and 
adjacent  countries,  and  in  Pounds  Sterling  for  use  in  any  part  of  the 
world. 

These  credits,  bearing  the  signature  ef  the  holder,  afford  a ready 
means  of  identification,  and  the  amounts  for  which  they  are  issued  can 
be  availed  of  from  time  to  time,  and  wherever  he  may  be,  in  sums  to 
meet  the  requirements  of  the  traveller. 

Applications  for  Credits  may  be  made  to  the  above  house  direct,  or 
through  any  first-class  bank  or  banker  in  this  country. 


They  also  issue  Commercial  Credits,  make  Cable  Transfers  of  Money 
between  this  Country  and  England,  and  Draw  Bills  of  Exchange  on 
Great  Britain  and  Ireland.  i 

BROWN,  SHIPLEY  ^ CO., 

Founded  s Coiu't,  Lothbury,  Londojt. 

BROWN,  SHIPLEY  dP  CO., 

Chapel  Slreef,  Liverpool* 

DREXEL,  MORGAN  & CO., 

Wall  Street,  Corner  of  Broad, 

' NEW  YORK, 

DREXEL  & CO.  DREXEL,  IlARJES  & CO. 

34  South  Third  Street,  3,  Rue  Scribe, 

, Philadelphia.  Paris. 

< ISSUE  " . 

COMMERCIAL  AND  TRAVELLING  CREDITS 

Available  in  all  parts  of  the  World. 


TEXEGRAPHIC  TRANSFERS 

TO  AND  FROM  EUROPE,  HAVANA  AND  SAN  FRANCISCO* 


Attorneys  and  Agents  of 

Messrs.  J.  S.  MORGAN  & CO.,  LONDON. 


SHORT-TlilP  GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


MORTON,  BLISS  & CO., 


^ANKEI^S, 


I Broad  Street,  New  York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR  NOTES  and  LETTERS  OF  CREDIT 


For  Travellers ; also 

COMMERCIAL  CREDITS 

available  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 

Negotiate  First-Class  Railway,  City  and  State  Loans,  make 
Telegraphic  Transfers  of  Money,  allow  Interest 
on  Deposits  and  Draw  Exchange  on 

MORTON,  ROSE  6-  CO,,  London, 

HOTTINGUER  ^ CO„  Paris, 

NOPE  CO.,  AmsUrdcm 


John  Munroe  & Company, 


BANKERS, 

No.  8 Wall  Street,  New  York,  and 
No.  4 Post  Office  Souare,  Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR  NOTES  AND  CIRCULAR  LETTERS 
OF  CREDIT  FOR  TRAVELERS, 


ON  THE 

COmOLlDATED  BANK,  LONDON. 

AND  ON 

MUNROE  & COMPANY. 

PARIS. 


EXCHANGE  ON  LONDON  AND  PARIS. 
Mnnev  Pm-rfiferreil.  and  Credits  Obened  bv  Cable. 


INSURANCE  COMPANIES. 


SHOJt  T-  TRIP  G UIDE.—ANNO  UNCEMBNTS. 


HANOVER 


Fire  Insurance  Company, 

OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 

Office,  No.  120  Broadway,  cor.  Cedar  St., 

(Equitable  Life  Assurance  Go’s  Building.) 


Incorporated  1852. 

BENJAMIN  S.  WALCOTT,  President. 
I*  REMSLN  lane.  Secretary. 

C.  L.  ROE,  Asst  Secretary. 


Cash  Assets,  . _ . $1,642,882,59. 


AGENCIES  IN  ALL  THE  PRINCIPAL  TOWNS  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

Eastern  Agency  Department,  - - THOMAS  JAMES,  Actuary, 

Western  and  Southern  Agency  Department,  “ The  Underwriters 

Agency.”  A.  STODDART,  General  Agteni, 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS, 


THE 

EQUITABLE 
im  ASSmAME  SOCIETY 


OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

No.  120  Broadway,  New  York. 


Alf  Cash.  Purely  Mutual.  Annual  Dividends. 


New  Business  among  the  largest  of  any  Company  in  America  or 
Europe.  Average  Annual  Growth  greater  than  any  other  leading 
Company.  Percentage  of  Losses  to  Policies  in  force,  less  than 
any  other.  Percentage  of  Expenses  to  Income,  less  than  the 
average  of  other  New  York  Companies. 

OFFICERS: 

HENRY  B.  HYDE,  Preside7it. 

JAMES  W.  ALEXANDER,  Vice-President. 

SAM^L  BORROWE,  Secretary. 

WILLIAM  ALEXANDER.  AssH  Secretai-y, 

GEO.  W.  PHILLIPS,  i A^f,,^ries 
J.  G.  VANCISE,  \ Actual  les. 

EDWARD  W.  LAMBERT,  M.  D.,  1 ^ 

EDWARD  CURTIS.  M.  D.  '^Medical  Examiners..  i 


AMERICAN  TRAVEL. 


SEOR  T-  TRIP  0 UIDB.—ANNO  UN  CEMENTS. 


The  Great  Trans-Continental  All-Rail 

Unio7t  & Central  Pacific  RotiU 

Via  Council  Bluffs  and  Omaha, 

IS 

22S  ^Ues  the  SHORTEST, 

FROM  THE  ATLANTIC  COAST  TO 

SALT  LAKE  CITY, 

SACRAMENTO, 

SAN  FRANCISCO, 

AND  ALL  POINTS  IN  THE 

SANDWICH  ISLANDS,  JAPAN, 

NEW  ZEALAND,  CHINA, 

AUSTRALIA,  INDIA. 


Shortest  and  Quickest  Route 

To  DENVER,  COL.,  NEW  MEXICO  and  ARIZONA. 


PULLMAN’S  PALACE  DAY  AND  SLEEPING  CARS  are  run  on 
all  Express  Trains,  and  passengers  are  cautioned  that  only  those  who  are 
ticketed  via  Omaha  are  sure  of  securing  berths  to  points  west  of  Cheyenne. 

Double  Berth— Omaha  to  Ogden,  $8 ; Ogden  to  San  Francisco,  $6. 

To  Tourists.,  Pleasure  and  Health  ^Seekers.,  this  Route  offers  unrivaled 
attractions  in  the  beautiful  Platte  Valley ; the  grand  scenery  of  the  Snowy 
Range  ; the  Passage  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  (8,242  feet  above  the  sea)* 
the  Laramie  Plains  ; the  Wahsatch  and  Uintah  Mountains  ; the  wild  ana 
weird  Echo  and  Weber  Canons;  the  Great  Salt  Lake  and  its  Mormon 
City,  surrounded  by  lofty  mountains,  rivers  filled  with  trout,  hunting 
grounds,  medicinal  springs,  etc,;  the  Humboldt  Sink;  the  Sierra  Nevadas- 
the  Palisades;  the  beautiful  mountain  lakes  of  Tahoe  and  Donner,  and 
the  passage  of  Cape  Horn  ; making  a two  thousand  mile  panorama  of 
unequalled  grandeur  and  beauty. 

Through  Tickets  for  sale  by  F.  KNOW  LAND,  General  Agent,  No. 
287  Broadway,  New  York,  and  at  all  principal  ticket  offices  in  the  country 
Members  of  Colonies  and  Excursion  Parties  should  address  the  General 
Ticket  Agent  for  rates  and  arrangements. 

THOS.  L.  KIMBALL, 

GenM  Ticket  Agent,  U.  P.  R.  K.,  Omaha 

T.  H.  GOODMAN, 

G.  P.  A.,  C.  P.  R.  R.jSan  Francisco 

[SEE  NEXT  PAGE.} 


SEOET-TEIP  OUIDE.^  ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


THE 

Union  & Central  Pacific  Line. 

TRIP  AROUND  THE  WORLD. 


From  ATLANTIC  CITIES  to  OMAHA,  (Nebraska),  via  the  Great 
Trunk  Lines  of  Railway, — about  1,400  miles,  in  50  hours. 

From  OMAHA  to  SAN  FRANCISCO,  (California),  via  Union  and 
Central  Pacific  Railroads, — 1,014  miles,  in  4 days  and  6 hours. 

From  SAN  FRANCISCO  to  YOKOHAMA,  (Japan),  by  Pacific  Mail 
Line  Steamers,  and  by  Australian  and  American  Steamships,  4,700  miles, 
in  22  days. 

From  YOKOHAMA  to  HONG  KONG,  (China),  by  Pacific  Mail  or 
Peninsular  and  Oriental  Steamers, — 1,600  miles,  in  6 days. 

From  HONG  KONG  to  CALCUTTA,  (India),  by  Peninsular  and 
Oriental  Steamers, — 3,500  miles,  in  14  days. 

Or  from  San  Francisco  to  Calcutta  via  Australia,  as  follows : 

From  SAN  FRANCISCO  to  HONOLULU,  (Sandwich  Islands),  by 
United  States,  New  Zealand  and  Australia  Mail  Steamship  Line, — 2,110 
miles,  in  10  days. 

From  HONOLULU  to  AUCKLAND,  (New  Zealand),  by  U.  S.,  New 
Zealand  and  Aus.  S,  S.  Line, — 3,800  miles,  in  14  days. 

From  AUCKLAND  to  SYDNEY,  (Australia),  by  U.  S.,  New  Zealand 
and  Aus.  S.  S.  Line, — 1,277  miles,  in  5 days. 

From  SYDNEY  to  MELBOURNE,  (Australia),  by  Peninsular  and 
Oriental  Steamers, — 560  miles,  in  3 days. 

From  MELBOURNE  to  GALLE,  (Ceylon),  by  Peninsular  and  Ori- 
ental Steainers,— t4,67o  miles,  in  21  days. 

, From  GALLE  to  CALCUTTA,  (India),  by  Peninsular  and  Oriental 
Steamers, — 1,315  miles,  in  7 days. 

From  CALCUTTA  to  BOMBAY,  (India),  by  the  East  Indian  and 
Great  Indian  Peninsular  Railways, — 1,400  miles,  in  2 days. 

From  BOMBAY  to  SUEZ,  (Egypt),  by  Peninsular  and  Orient^ 
Steamers, — 3,600  miles,  in  14  days. 

From  SUEZ  to  ALEXANDRIA,  (Egypt),  by  Rail  along  the  Suez 
<^anal, — 225  miles,  in  12  hours. 

From  ALEXANDRIA  to  BRINDISI,  (Italy),  by  Peninsular  and 
. oriental  Steamers, — 850  miles,  in  3 days. 

From  BRINDISI  to  LONDON,  (England),  by  Rail,  via  Paris  or  the 
F jine, — 1,200  miles,  in  3 days. 

From  LONDON  to  LIVERPOOL,  (England),  by  Railway,— apo 
miles,  in  5 hours. 

From  LIVERPOOL  to  ATLANTIC  CITIES,  (America),  by  either  of 
the  Great  Atlantic  S.  S.  Lines, — 3,000  miles,  in  10  days.  ^ 

Total  distance,  23,  589  miles.  Time,  81  days. 

OFFICES: 

No,  287  Broadway^  New  York, 

Cor,  Atth  T&wnsend  Sts.,  Satt  Pfancisco  ; ^and  ' 
Gen€7‘al  Foreign  Agency,  IV,  C,  THOMPSON, 

22  Moorgate  St.,  London, 

•^SEE  PRECEDING  PAGE.!- 


SHORT- TRIP  G UIPR—AHHO  UHGEMHHTS. 


THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

IS  THE  GREAT 


OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

n •■'R  A VERSES  the  most  interesting  portions  of  the  North  American  Con- 
tinent and  unites  by  unbroken  tracks  all  the  principal  Cities  on  the  Atlantic 
Coast  ’.n  the  Great  Lakes  and  in  the  Mississippi  Valley. 

THROUGH  TRAINS 

arc  run  between  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore  and  Washington,  in  the 
East,  and  Buffalo,  Niagara  Falls,  Erie,  Cleveland,  Toledo,  Chicago,  St.  Louis, 
Cincinnati  and  Louisville,  in  the  North,  West  and  South-west. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

IS  THE 

Best  Constructed  Railway  on 
the  American  Continent 

ITS  MAIN  LINES  are  laid  with  a DOUBLE  TRACK  OF  STEEL  RAILS, 
secured  on  Oak  Ties  imbedded  in  broken-stone  ballast,  which  renders  them 
impervious  to  the  action  of  frosts  or  freshets,  and  prevents  annoyance  from  dust. 
Ail  bridges  are  of  iron  or  stone. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

RUNS  THE 

Most  Perfect  Rolling  Stock  in  the  World. 

ITS  ENGINES  are  models  of  mechanical  excellence,  and  its  Passenger  Cars 
are  unequalled  for  comfort,  elegance  and  strength.  Superior  Hotels  and 
Eating  Houses  are  provided  at  all  essential  points. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

ENFORCES  UPON  ITS  EMPLOYES 

STRICT  COURTESY  AND  POLITENESS, 

IN  THEIR  INTERCOURSE  with  the  public,  and  uses  every  effort  to  sccurt 
the  comfort  and  contribute  to  the  enjoyment  of  its  patrons. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

RUNS  TRAINS  FOR  GREATER  DISTANCES, 
without  stoppage,  than  any  other  line  in  the  world. 

THE  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD 

li  acknowledged  to  be  among  the  most  successful  and  beneficial  enters 
prises  of  the  century. 

{See  current  Time  Tablets) 


8II0RT-TRTP  GUIDE-- AJSfmUNGEMRFTS. 


Baltijnore  and  Ohio  Railroad, 

THE 

GREAT  NATIONAL  ROUTE, 

THE  SHORTEST  ROUTE 

•FROM 

BALTIMORE  AND  WASHINGTON 

TO 

Pittsburg,  Cincinnati,  Columbus,  Chicago,  Indianapolis, 
St.  Louis,  Kansas  City,  Denver,  St.  Joseph,  Omaha, 
San  Francisco,  Louisville,  Nashville,  Memphis, 
Vicksburg,  New  Orleans,  Mobile,  Galves- 
ton, and  all  the  leading  cities  of  the 
West,  South-West  and  the 
North-West, 


The  Route  passes  through  splendid  scenery  of  the  Potomac  Ri-ver,  Alle- 
gheny and  Cheat  Mountains^  West  Eirginia^  Ohio^  ^c. 


DOUBLE-TRACK,  STEEL-RAIL  AND  STONE-BAL- 
LASTED ROAD. 


Magnificent  Day  Passenger  Cars,  Pullman  Drawing  Room 
Day  and  Sleeping  Coaches,  through  to  Cincinnati, 
Chicago,  St.  Louis  and  Pittsburg,,  without  change. 


The  Great  Public  Thoroughfare  between  the  South,  South  East,  West, 
and  North- Wesu 


L M.  OOLEvGen’l  Ticket  Agt.,  THOS.  P.  B AEET, 

£.  R.  DORSET,  Asst.  G.  T.  A.,  Western  Passenger  Agent, 


BALTIMORE.  Cincinnati. 

F.  W,  RANKIN,  Eastern  Passenger  Agent, 

31  <5  Broadway,  New  York, 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS, 


CNi:.XFOMNTN, 


THE  CHICAGO  & NORTH-WESTERN  RAILWAY 
Embraces  under  one  manag’ement  the  Great  Trunk  Railway  Lines 
of  the  WEST  AN1&  NOMTM-WEST.  Its 

OMAMA  AN©  CAIilFOMNIA  EINE 
Is  the  shortest  and  best  Route  for  all  points  in  Northern  Illinois, 
Iowa,  Dakota,  Nebraska,  Wyoming,  Colorado,  Utah,  Nevada,  Cali- 
fornia, Oregon,  China,  Japan  and  Australia.  Its 
CMICA€^©,  ST.  PAUE  AN©  MINNEAP<[>IiIS  EINE 
Is  the  short  line  for  Northern  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota,  and  for 
Madison,  St.  Paul.  Minneapolis,  Duluth  and  all  points  in  the  great 
Northwest.  Its 

CMICACIO  AN©  MULWAPMEE  EINE 
Is  the  old  Lake  Shore  Route,  and  is  the  only  one  passing  through 
Evanston,  Lake  Forest,  Highland  Park,  Waukegan,  Racine,  Ke- 
nosha to  Milwaukee. 

Fullmaxa.  Palace  Sleeping’  Cars 

are  run  on  all  through  trains  on  all  divisions  of  this  road. 

This  is  the  ONLY  LINE  running  these  cars  between  Chicago  and 
St.  Paul,  Chicago  and  Milwaukee,  or  Chicago  and  Winona. 

UNRIVALLED  ! 

PUIiliMAN  PALiATIAiL  ©KAWING-KOOM 

HOTEL  Oj^ES. 

These  celebrated  Cars  are  run  over  the  Chicago  <&  North-Western 
Railway,  AKiONE,  between  Chicago  and  Omaha. 

No  otlser  road  riiias  tliiis  or  any  otlaer  form  of  Motel 
Car  !l>etweesa  CSaicago  and  Omalaa. 

This  Line  of  Hotel  Cars  was  built  expressly  for  the  Chicago  & North- 
Western  Railway’s  CAf,iIF01SNIA  liSNE,  and  runs  over  it 
daily  each  way  between  C MIC  A GO  and  COUNCBIj  BEXIFFS. 

No  expense  has  been  spared  in  the  construction  of  these  Cars,  the 
Company  being  cletemnined  to  excel  all  former  productions,  and  pre- 
sent to  the  Traveling  Public  a line  of  Hotels  on  Wheels,  that  ivill  em- 
brace all  the  Magnificence,  Comfort  and  Luxury  of  the  best  Hotels  in 
the  country. 

Through  Tickets  via  this  Route  can  be  procured  at  all  Ticket 
Offices  in  the  United  States  and  Canadas. 

New  York  Office,  No.  415  Broadway  ; Boston  Office,  No.  5 State 
Street ; San  Francisco  Office,  No.  4,  New  Montgomery  Street ; Chi- 
cago Ticket  Offices. 

For  rates  or  information  not  attainable  from  your  home  ticket 
agents,  apply  to 

W.  H.  Stennett,  Marvin  Hughitt, 

Gen.  Pass.  Ag’t,  Chicago.  Gen.  Man’g.,  Chicago 


SHORT-TRIP  OUIBB—  ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


HOW  TO  GO  WEST! 

TAKE  THE 

CHICAGO,  BnELMTON  MMCY  E.  B. 

THE  FAVORITE  ROUTE 

To  ALL  POINTS  in  the  WEST  and  SOUTH- 
WEST. The  ONLY  LINE  between 

CHICAGO  AND  OMAHA 

running  PULLMAN’S  DINING  CARS,  PAL- 
ATIAL DINING  AND  BREAKFASTING 
SALOONS  ON  WHEELS. 

Sumptuous  Meals  for  75  cents,  at  thirty  miles  per  hour,  is  the  travel- 
ing climax  of  this  progressive  age,  introducing  novelty,  and  adding  pleas- 
ure as  well  as  comfort  to  the  usual  tedium  of  a long  journey. 

THROUGH  DAY  and  SLEEPING  COACHES  by  this  route,  with- 
out change,  BETWEEN  CHICAGO  and  OMAHA  and  CHICAGO  and 
.KANSAS  CITY. 

TRAVELERS  destined  to  Burlington^  Council  Bluffs^  Omaha.,  Lin- 
coln., Denver.  Salt  Lake^  Sacramento.,  San  Francisco.  Quincy.,  Hannibal., 
St,  Joseph.  Atchison.  Leavenworth,  Lawrence.  Kansas  City,  Topeka,  or 
points  in  the  Indian  Territory  and  Tejcas,  should  consult  their  safety, 
comfort  and  pleasure,  by  orocuring  their  tickets  via  C.  B.  & Q,  (^‘THE 
BURLINGTON  ROUTE,”)  for  sale  at  all  ticket  offices. 

For  rates  on  Freight  and  further  information,  apply  at  the  Company’s 
Offices ; 

BOSTON — 222  Washington  Street. 

NEW  YORK — 317  Broadway. 

CHICAGO — 59  South  Clark  Street,  and  Union  Depot. 
LIVERPOOL,  England — 16  South  Castle  Street. 
LONDON  “ — 13  Queen  Victoria  Street. 

W.  B.  STRONG, 

Gen'l  Sugt,  Chkagt. 

E.  P.  RIPLEY, 

GerCl  Eastern  Agent ^ New  York  and  Boston. 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


BOUND  BROOK  ROUTE, 


NEW  YORK  and  PHILADELPHIA. 


Fast  Time!  Elegant  Cars ! SmoJtli  Track ! Ne  Smoke  nor  Dust! 

Are  the  special  tie*)  of  this  Route. 


SEVEN  DAILY  THROUGH  TRAINS 

With  Parlor  and  Sleeping  Cars^ 

Between  Philadelphia  and  New  York, 

TPY.  TI-IE  ISTEIW  X.INIL  I 


Passenger  Depot  in  New  York  : Central  E.  E.  of  New  Jer- 
sey, foot  of  Liberty  Street,  North  Eiver, 

Passenger  Depot  in  Philadelphia:  North  Penna.  E.  R., 
Third  and  Berks  Sts. 

F.  H.  SAYLOR,  Gen.  Manager. 


NORTH  PENNSYLVANIA  RAILROAD. 


THIS  SHORT  AND  FAVORITE  ROUTE 

FROM  PHILAliELPfflA  TO  NIAGARA  FALLS, 

Passing  through  the  beautiful  Lehigh,  Wyoming  and  Susquehanna 
Valleys,  contains  some  of  the  most  picturesque  scenery  in  the  coun- 
try, Passengers  have  privilege  of  visiting  en  route  such  celebrated 
places  of  resort  as  Bethlehem,  Mauch  Chunk,  Switchback,  Wilkes- 
barre,  Scranton,  Ithaca,  Geneva,  Auburn,  Seneca  Lake,  Rochester, 
Buffalo,  Clifton  Springs,  &c. 

EXCURSION  TICKETS  AT  REDUCED  RATES, 
to  all  principal  Watering  Places  in  the 

NORTHERN  STATES  and  CANADA. 

First-class  equipment.  Parlor  and  Sleeping  Cars,  smooth  track  and 
entire  freedom  from  dust  and  smoke,  are  the  specialties  of  this  route. 

PASSENGER  DEPOT  IN  PHILADELPHIA, 

Corner  of  THIRD  and  BERKS  STS. 

Ticket  Offices,  S.  E.  cor.  Fifth  and  Chestnut  Streets, 
732  Chestnut  St.,  cor.  %th  St.,  and  1351  Chestnut  St., 
corner  of  Broad.  ELLIS  CLARK,  Gen.  Agent. 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS, 


EW  |I 


ERSEY 


OUTHERN 


RAILEOAD  LINE. 


Tine  only  Line  between  New  York  and  Pliiladelpliia. 

VIA  LONG  BRANCH  AND  THE  SEA  SHORE. 


Monmouth  Park, 
Toms  River, 
TVarktown, 

Barn  EG  AT. 
Forked  River, 
Tuckerton, 


Favorite  Route  for 

Long;  Branck, 
Ocean  Grove, 
Beacli  Haven, 


Highlands, 
Skabihgiit, 
:Monmolth  Beach, 
Red  Bank, 
Eaiontown, 

Bricks  BURG. 


The  fast  and  favorite  Steamer 

"JESSE  HOYT.” 


The  magnificent  floating  palace 


Five  tripii  per  day,  during  tlie  pleasure-season. 

(See  daily  papers  and  bills,  for  time-tables.) 


Depot  in  New  York,  Pier  8,  N.  R , foot  of  Rector  Street ; in  Philadel 
pbia,  foot  Market  Street,  and  700  & 732  Cbestnut  Street. 

W.  S.  SNEDEN,  General  Manager, 

CHAS.  P.  IfloFADDIN,  Gen.  Ticket  Ascent. 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


'r  H E 

ATLANTIC  CO/STLINM^ILWAY. 

IDZIREOT  ISO'CT'I’E 

TO 

FLORIDA,  NEW  ORLEANS  AND  THE  SOUTH. 

THE  QUICKEST  ROUTE  TO 

Columbia,  Aiken,  Augusta,  Charleston,  Savannah, 
Jacksonville,  Macon,  Coiumbus,  Montgomery, 
Mobile,  New  Orleans,  South-West  Georgia, 

AND  ALL.  ATLANTIC  COAST  LINE  CITIES. 

64  hours  to  New  Orleans  and  14^  hours  quicker  to  JACK- 
SONVILLE, Florida,  than  any  other  railway  line  between 
the  NOR'IH  AND  SOU'IU. 

Pullman  Sleeping  Cars  on  all  night  trains,  and  Parlor  Cars 
by  day.  Baggage  checked  through  to  destination. 

TICKETS  GOOD  UNTIL  USED. 

Through  Tickets  via  this  Line,  chairs,  berths  and  sections  in 
parlor  and  sleeping  cars  secured,  and  all  information,  given  in 

NEW  YORK, 

At  Atlantic  Coast  JLine  Office,  229  Broadway,  Opposite 
New  Bost  Office, 

261,  315,  526  Broadway:  No,  1 Astor  House;  at  the  offices  of  the  New  York 
Transfer  Co.,  944  Broadway,  and  at  offices  of  Pennsylvania  R.  R.  Co.,  foot  of 
Cortlandt  and  besbrosses  Sts. ; Dodd’s  Express,  No.  4 Court  St.,  Brooklyn. 
IN  JERSEY  CITY,  JPennsylvania  Bailroad  Depot. 

IN  PHILADELPHIA, 

700  Chestnut  St. ; 838  hes'nut  St. : S.  E.  cor.  B oad  and  Chestnut  Sts.,  and  at 
Philadelphia, Wilmington  dc  Baltimore  R.  R.  Depot,  cor.  Broad  and  Prime  Sts. 
IN  OALTlf^ORE, 

At  Atlantic  Coast  Bine  Office,  No.  9 German  Street, 

W.  H.  FITZGERALD,  Agent. 

S E.  cor.  West  Baltimore  and  Calvert  Sts  ; N.  E.  cor.  West  Baltimore  and 
Calvert  Sts. ; 157  Baltimore  ."^t. ; at  Camden  Station,  Baltimore  A'  Ohio  R.  R. ; 
Baltimore  & Potomac  R.  R. ; also,  at  Niagara  Falls,  Canandaigua,  Elmira, 
Syracuse,  Buffalo,  and  all  intermediats  points  on  Northern  Central  R.  R. 

IN  WASHINGTON, 

602  Pennsylvania  Ave. ; cor.  Sixth  St.  and  Pennsylvania  Ave. ; cor.  Thirteenth 
St.  and  Pennsylvania  Ave. ; Depot  Alexandria  & Fredericksburg  Railway;  on 
board  Potomac  Steamers,  foot  of  Seventh  St. 

IH  RICHJVIOND, 

Apply  at  office  of  Richmond  & Petersburg  R.  R..  or  at  Garber  A Co.’s,  No.  826 
Main  St.,  and  Exchange  Hotel. 

A.  POPE,  Gen^l  Pass,  and  Ticket  Ag’ent. 


UJSTGEMEJSrrS, 


m [JltMi.  MllMlffi  k ST.  Pit  MIlflY 

Is  the  Great  Through  Line! 

CHICAGO-NORTHWEST, 


Wisconsin,  uortnern  Iowa,  Minnesota,  DaKota,  ManitoOa  and  tlie  Blacit  Hills, 

And  is  the  only  Company  owning  a line  of  Railway 

— FKOM— 


It  is  also  tie  OILY  EAlLTOJ  COMPANY  Oy  wnose  Line 
•n-iiaLOTTonEs:  - . ■ x o xs:  ass  t js 


ARB  OK  CAN  BE  ISSUED 

Yia  CHICAGO  and  MILWAUKEE, 

TO— 

Watertown,  Sparta,  La  Crosse, YViiiona,  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis! 
or  Madison,  Prairie  du  Cliien,  McGregor,  Charles  City, Mason 
City,  Anstin,  Owatonna,  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis. 

Tielcets  to  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  by  this  road  are  good  either  via 
Madison,  McGregor,  Owatonna  and  Faribault,  or  via  Watertown, 
Sparta,  La  Crosse  and  Winona. 


It  is  the  ONLY  RAIL  ROUTE  to  these  celebrated  SUMMER 
RESORTS  and  Business  Centres,  viz  : 

PEV7AXTKEE,  HAETLAND,  NASHOTAH,  OGONOMOWOC,  Port- 
age, ICILBOTJRN  CiTY,  Tomah,  WAUKESHA,  PALMYRA, 
Whitev/ater,  Broihead,  Monroe,  Edgerton,  Lone 
Rock,  Roscobel,  Horicon,  Beaver  Dam, 

Fox  Lake,  Waupun,  Berlin  and  Winneconne  in  Wisconsin ; 
Calmar,  Deccrah  and  Algona,  in  Iowa ; Wabasha,  Read’s 
Landing,  Lake  City,  FRONTEHAC,  Red  Wing, 
Hasting'S,  Faribault,  Farmington,  PRIOR 
LAKE  and  Glencoe,  in  Minnesota. 

Watering  Places  and  Summer  Resorts  in  Capitals. 

CHtCAGO  Bkpot,  corner  Canal  and  West  Madison  Sts.  Horse  Cars 
and  Stage  Lines  for  all  parts  of  the  city  constantly  passing. 

Chicago  Cut  Office,  61  and  63  Clark  St. 

Palace  Sleeping  Cars  and  Day  Coaches,  with  Westinghouse’fl 
Improved  Automatic  Air-Brake  on  all  through  trains. 

S.  S.  MERRILL,  A.  V.  H.  CARPENTER, 

General  Manager.  Gen.  Pass,  and  Ticket  Agent. 

JHO.  C.  GAULT, 

Asst.  General  Manager. 


SHOE  T-  TRIP  0 HIDE— ANNO  UN  CEMENTS. 


IS'Z'T’. 


HUDSON  RIVER 

BY 

DAYLIGHT. 


Albany  and  New  York 

DAY  LINE 

©F 

STEAMBOATS. 

The  fast,  commodrous  and  favorite 
steamers, 

VIBBARD/’ 

AND 

“DANIEL  DREW,” 

LEAVING  NEW  YORK 

FROM  FOOT  OF  VESTRY  ST., 

Pier  39  North  River, 

AND  ALBANY 

FROM  FOOTOF  HAMILTON  ST. 

DAILY,  SUNDAYS  EXCEPTED, 


tifne.,  see  Ne^v  York  daily- 
fapers.l 


Landing  at  tho  Prircipal  Points  on  thsi 
Hudson  Eiver. 

Affords  the  best  mode  of  enjoying 
THE  UNSURPASSED  SCfJNEUY, 
And  of  reaching  the  . 
Catskill  Mountain  tiousi;, 

And  all  points  West  by 
N.  Y.  CENTRAL  R.R. 

ISAAC  L.  welsh. 

General  Ticket  Agents 

Nkw  York. 


ANNO  UNGEMENT8. 


AFTERNOON  BOAT 


FROM 

NEW  TORN  TO  WEST  POINT,  NEWBOOG,  POUGNKEEPSIE, 

RONDOUT  AND  KINGSTON. 


THE  SPLENDID  AND  FAVORITE  STEAMER 


MAR  Y POIVELL 

Leaves  New  York,  every  afternoon  at  3.30,  from  VESTRY 
STREET  PIER,  for  WEST  POINT,  NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE,  RONDOUT  and  KINGSTON  ; 
landing  at  CORNWALL^  MILTON^  and  other  popular 
places ; passing 

Through  the  Highlands  by  Daylight, 

and  affording  unequalled  facilities  for  reaching  the  places 
named,  and  enjoying  the  noble  scenery  of  the  Hudson. 

d^^This  always  magnificent  Steamer,  just  refitted  at  great 
cost,  and  with  large  additional  power,  is  now  the  type 

FLOATlNd  PALACE  OF  AMERICAN  RIVERL. 

Returning,  leaves  Rondout  every  morning  at  5.30  A.  M., 
reaching  New  York  at  10.30. 


8H0BT  TBIP  GUIDE.-^ ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


^UQti€e  sp-rs 


r.  ALBANS 


Isse^iJc. 
fy^GTCW 

^TgeTi7ie\ 

fitting- 
Pitt 

RUTLAND 


PEOPLE’S  LINE 

OF 

STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

New  York  and  Albany. 

Rooms  heated  by  steam  during 
the  cool  months. 

New  York  to  Albany.^ 

STEAMERS 


DREW, 


D.  RICHMOND, 


Monday^  Tuesday., 

Wednesday.,  Thursday., 

Friday.,  Saturday  y 

From  Pier  41,  North  River, 
(Near  Jersey  City  Ferry,  Desbrosses  Street.) 

AT  6:00  P.  M. 

Connecting  with  Trains  of  New 
York  Central,  Albany  & Susque- 
j hauna,  Rensselaer  & Saratoga,  and 
K Boston  & Albany  Railways ; and 
oMitve.  Lake  Champlain  Steamers. 

j Ticket.-,  at  the  Office  on  the 

. i Wharf;  also  at  Dodd’s  Express  Of- 
T fices,  944  Broadway,  New  York,  and 
/ I No.  I Court  Street,  Brooklyn. 

Passengers  leaving  Wash- 
ington at  8.00  A.  M.,  Baltimore  at 
Q.25  A.  M.,  Philadelphia  at  1.30 
P.  M.,  arrive  in  New  York  at  5.15 
P.  M.,  in  time  to  connect  as  above, 

Albany  to  N'ew  York^ 

STEAMERS 


DEEW, 


Tuesday  y 

Thursday  y 
Saturday  y 


D.  EICHMOND, 

Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday  y 

From  Steamboat  Landing, 

AT  8:15  P.  M., 

On  arrival  of  Trains  Irom  North 
and  West. 

Cars  from  Saratoga  and  the  North 
go  to  the  boats. 

^^^Tickets  to  Philadelphia,  Bal- 
timore, and  Washington  City,  for 
sale  on  the  Boats. 

Hudson  River  Railroad  Tickets 
taken  for  passage,  including  State 
Room  Berth. 

S.  E.  MAYO, 

GerCl  Pass.  Agt.,  New  York. 


AMERICAN  HOTELS. 


ANNO  UNGEMENTS. 


WINDSOR  HOTEL,  Fifth  Avenue, 

FORTY. SIXTH  and  FORTY-SKVENTH  STREETS,  New  York  City. 
One  of  the  most  elegant,  costly  and  perfect  Hotels  in  America. 

HAWK,  WAITE  & WETHERBEE,  Proprietors. 


BREVOORT  HOUSE, 

FIFTH  AVENUE, 

Near  WASHINGTON  SQUARE, 

NEW  YORK. 


A quiet  Hotel,  with  a Restaurant  of  peculiar  excel- 
. lence. 

Its  patrons  are  of  the  best  familiee  of  this  country  and 
Europe. 


C.  C.  WAITE, 

Resident  Proprietor^ 


SEOR T-  TRIP  G UIDE.—AENO  UNGEMMNTS. 


WEST  END  HOTEL, 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. 
PRESBURY  HILDRETH,  Proprietors. 

GEO.  G.  PRESBURY,  JR.  D.  M.  HILDRETH. 


SEORT-TBIP  GUIDE.— ANEOUECEMENTS. 


HOWLAND’S  HOTEL, 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. 


HENRY  HOWLAND  & SON, 

Managers. 

One  of  the  oldest  established  houses  on  the  Long 
Branch  shore ; recently  rebuilt  with  all  modern  im- 
provements ; and  for  many  years 

/ F1I|ST  FAY0I|ITE  /S  A FAMILY  HOTEL. 


Coaches  at  all  Trains  during  the  Season. 


PAVILION  HOTEL, 

Long  Branch,  N.  J. 


SAMUEL  C.  MORRIS,  Proprietor. 


This  House  is  situated  on  the  margin  of  the  Atlan- 
tic Ocean,  embracing  a front  of  over  two  hundred 
and  fifty  feet. 

Families  wishing  to  spend  the  season  at  a watering 
place  can  be  accommodated  in  the  most  comfortable 
manner  and  on  moderate  terms. 

Particular  attention  paid  to  the  comfort  ot  Ladies. 


COACHES  AT  ALL  TRAINS. 


SIIORT.TRIP  OUIDS--ANNOUNOEMENTS. 


COZZENS’  HOTEL, 

West  Point.  N.  Y. 

GOODSELL  BROTHERS,  Proprietors. 

Coaches  will  await  the  arrival  of  every  Train  and  Steam. 
BOAT  at  COZZENS’  DoCK  TO  CONVEY  PASSENGERS 
TO  THE  Hotel 

Passengers  via  Hudson  River  R.  R.  should  stop  at 

GARRISON’S  STATION, 

AND  TAKE  FERRY  BOAT  TO  COZZENS’  LANDING. 


Hotel  entirely  refitted  and  redecorated. 

PRICES  REDUCED  TO  ACCORD  WITH  THE  TIMES. 


KITTATINNY  HOUSE. 

Delaware  Water-Gap, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

The  original  and  favorite  house  at  the  Water-Gap,  with  a 
charming  location,  every  comfort  and  convenience,  and  a 
summer  list  of  visitors  averaging  three  thousand. 


WATER-GAP  HOUSE. 

More  modern  house,  erected  in  1S72,  on  ground  still 
higher  than  the  Kittatinny,  and  commanding  unequalled 
views  of  the  fine  natural  scenery  of  the  Gap. 

Z.  IV,  BRODHEAD  BRO,y  Proprietors, 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


THE 


CONTINENTAL  HOTEL 

PHILADELPHIA . 


J.  E.  KINGSLEY  & CO.,  Proprietors. 

One  of  the  largest  and  most  magnificent  Hotels  in 
America,  located  on 

CHESTNUT  ST,  COR.  NINTH, 

At  the  actual  centre  of  the  city  and  convenient  to  places 
of  amusement  and  all  points  of  interest.  Has  500  rooms ; 
passenger  elevator ; two  great  lines  of  telegraph  to  all 
points ; every  variety  of  carriage  facility ; is  passed  by 
street  cars,  and  offers  every  attention,  alike  for  the  hurried 
visits  of  the  tourist  or  for  more  leisurely  residence. 


SlIO  U T-  TRLF  G UIDE.—ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


LA  PIERRE  HOUSE, 


BROAD  ST,  NEAR  CHESTNUT,  PHILADELPHIA. 

].  B.  BUTTERWORTH,  Proprietor. 

Passenger  Lift,  Telegraph  Office,  and  all  modern  improvements 
and  luxuries. 

MOUNT  VERNON  HOTEL, 

8 1 West  Monument  Street, 

BALTIMORE. 

Conducted  on  the  European  Plan. 


This  superb  edifice,  located  in  the  most  fashionable 
part  of  the  city,  is  now  open  for  the  reception  of  guests. 
Its  appointments  are  of  the  most  approved  character, 
and  the  tables  arc  supplied  with  every  luxury  this  and 
foreign  markets  afford.  It  has  heretofore  been  patron- 
ized extensively  by  European  travellers,  as  well  as  by 
men  of  eminence  and  distinction  of  this  country. 


8U0RT-TRIP  G TJIBE—ANNO  UNGEMEFTS. 


THE  ARLINGTON, 


WASHI}mTOJ<!,  (D.  C. 

Admitted  to  be  the  most  thoroughly  enjoyable  of  all 
the  hotels  of  the  National  Metropolis,  in  location,  ar- 
rangement and  management. 

T.  ROESSLE  & SON, 

Owners  and  Proprietors. 
IN  CONNECTION,  THE 

Fort  William  Henry  Hotel, 

LAKE  GEO<RQE,  Ef.  Y. 

This  magnificent  house  is  located  at  the  most  beauti- 
ful spot  on  the  shore  of  Horicon  ” ( the  site  of  old 
Fort  William  Henry);  is  fitted  with  all  modern  conven- 
iences, and  has  accommodation  for  nine  hundred  persons. 

Open  June  1st,  1877,  with  Reduced  Terms. 

To  Boarders  for  tite  Season,  $15  00,  $17.50  and  $21.00 
per  week,  accordintr  to  location  of  rooms  ; 
Transient  Guests,  $4.00  per  day.. 


A NJVO  UAfCKMKNrs. 


MOORE’S  HOTEL. 


TRENTON  FALLS, 


New  York. 


This  first-class  hotel  is  located  immediately  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  these,  the  handsomest  Falls  in  America,  and 
among  the  finest  in  the  World  ; and  from  it  every  facility  is 
to  be  obtained  for  viewing  them  to  advantage. 

M.  MOORE,  Proprietor. 


ANNOUNCEMENTS, 


Largest  and  most  pleasantly  situated  of  any  at  Niagara ; 
nearest  to  the  Falls,  and  the  only  one  containinir  all  modern 
improvements.  New  RIVER  PARLORS  extending  100 
feet  over  the  Rapids,  and  commanding  unequalled  view. 

OMNIBUSES  AND  POETERS  AT  ALL  TEAINS. 

Railroad,  Steamboat  and  Telegraph  Offices  in  the  Hotel. 
Peices  Reduced  to  Suit  the  Times.. 


INTERNATIONAL  HOTEL, 

T<r iagara.  Falls, 


SnOBT-TEIP  GUIDE— ANNOUJSfCEMEJSTS, 


THE 

RUSSELL  HOUSE, 

DETROIT, 

Michigan. 

WITBECK,  CHITTENDEN  & CO., 

Prop7'ietors, 

This  House,  handsomely  as  well  as  conveniently  situ- 
ated in  the  most  eligible  portion  of  the  admittedly  beau- 
tiful City  of  the  Straits,”  enjoys  the  reputation  of 
being  one  of  the 

HOTEL  ATTRACTIONS  OF  THE  NORTH-WEST, 

And  the  peculiarity  of  being  visited  by 

People  oj  Distinction,  American  and  Foreign, 

To  a degree  seldom  equalled  elsewhere. 


All  Modern  Conveniences  and  Elegancies 


SnORT-TRIP  6 UWE.— announcements. 


T M E 


GRAND  PACIFIC  HOTEL, 

CHICAGO,  ILLINOIS, 

U.  S.  A. 


One  of  the  largest  (’naving  aver  500  rooms),  best  arrangeef, 
finest  ventilated  and  most  elegantly  furnished  Hotels  in 
America.  Has  all  the  different  safeguards  against  £re, 
which  makes  it 

PRACTICALLY  FIRE  PROOF. 

With  a froniage  east,  south,  west  and  north  of  over 
i,cx)o  feet. 

Prices  according  to  location?  of  roomSy  but  on  moderate  scale  t® 
accord  with  the  times. 

l,OHN  B.  DRAKE  & CO.,  Fropndors. 


LAieEST 


A XAO  (r\(A^JlfXX7  S. 


CITY 


8H0B  T-  TRIP  O UIDE—ANNO  UNCEMENT8. 


THE  LINDELL  HOTEL. 


BUSINKSS  and  society  HOTKL  OF 
Sc-  XjOYTis,  JVJLissoYLiri- 
GRISWOLD,  CLEMENT  & SCUDDER,  Proprietors. 


SHOE  T-  THJl  ’ a [TIDE.  —A  NNO  UN  CEMENTS. 


CLIFTON  HOUSE, 


Niagara  Falls. 

{Canada  Side,) 


COLBURN  & McOMBER,  Proprietors. 


Has  advantages  over  all  others,  in  the  unequaled  view 
of  the  Falls  and  Rapids,  to  be  obtained  from  the  windows 
and  piazzas  of  the  Hotel. 

Rooms  cn  suite  or  singly,  Superior  accommodations 
for  families  spending  the  season.  Transient  board  at 
reasonable  terms.  Commutation  Tickets  for  passing  over 
the  New  Suspension  Bridge,  immediately  adjoining. 

Attendance  excellent,  and  rates  moderate. 


THE 


Russell 


OTTAWA, 


Canada. 


This  Hotel  is  the  largest  and  only  first-class  house  in  the  city. 
It  is  fitted,  furnished  and  kept  as  an  unexceptional  first-class 
Hotel,  combining  modern  elegance,  comfort  and  economy.  It 
has  ample  accommodation  for  five  hundred  guests,  and  is  delight- 
fully and  centrally  situated,  being  in  close  proximity  to  the  Parlia- 
ment Buildings,  the  Post  Office,  and  all  the  points  of  interest. 


.1 NNO  VNCIOJKJST 


One  of  the  Largest  Hotels  in  the  Dominion  of  Canada,  and  the  most 
eonvenient  to  the  Great  Western,  Union  and  Korthern  Rail  way  Stations, 
Steamboat  Pieis,  and  the  business  portion  of  the  city.  Stands  on  Front 
Street,  between  Bay  and  York  ; has  every  modern  convenience,  accom- 
modation for  500  guests;  Lawn,  Croquet  Grounds,  &c.;  has  received  the 
Grand  Duke  Alexis,  Lord  Dufferin  (Governor-General),  and  many 
ether  distinguished  persons ; and  is  selected  by  Cook  for  reception  of 
liis  tourists  in  Canada. 


SEORT-TRIP  GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


Natural  Bridge  Hotel, 

ROCKBRIDGE  CO,,  VIRGINIA, 


A.  LEAR,  Superintendent. 


This  commodious  and  well-situated  Hotel  is  in  the  immediate  neighbor- 
hood of  that  unparalleled  luonder  of  naUtre,  the  NATURAL  BRIDGE^ 
admitted  to  be  among  the  grandest  of  the  rock-works  of  the  continent 
and  far  superior  to  the  world-famed  Giant’s  Causeway  of  Ireland. 

The  Hotel  offers  comfortable  accommodations  for  loo  guests,  and  oflfers 
a.pleasant  Summer  Home  for  families. 

Connections  to  the  Bridge  and  Hotel,  by  stage  from  Goshen  Depot  of 
the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  Railroad ; by  stage  from  Bonsack’s,  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  Railroad ; by  stage  from  Gilmore’s  Mill,  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  Canal,  from  Lynchburg  and  Richmond. 


Pavilion  Hotel, 

BERKELEY  SPRINGS, 

West  Virginia. 


JOHN  T.  TREGO,  Proprietor. 


The  Pavilion  is  the  leading  house  of  this  old  and  justly  celebrated' 
Bathing  and  Watering  Place;  is  large,  commodious  and  well  kept,  and 
supplies  the 

PLE/S/NTEST  SUMMER  RESORT  VIRGINIA. 

The  most  extensive  and  perfectly  arranged  Medicinal  Baths  in 
America,  connected  with  t^e  Hotel. 

Accessible  by  stage-ride  of  miles,  from  Sir  John’s  RuN.sta* 
tion  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  Railroad,  from  Baltimore,  Washington 
or  the  West.  ‘ 


/ nU 


AMERICAN  SPECIALTIES. 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


jl^ooK,  ^ojs  ^ Jejskin^, 

TOURIST  OFFICE. 

Ko*  2B1  Broadway^  Hsw  York  City* 


Excursion  Tickets  for  all  Routes  in  America,  (mcluding  California^ 
with  Salt  Lake  City,  Yosemitk  Valley,  the  Geysers,  &c., 
and  all  the  wonderful  scenery  of  Colorado)  ; to 

ALL  POINTS  OF  INTEREST  IN  THE  AVEST  AND  SOUTH 
THE  AVHITE  MOUNTAINS, 

AND 

ALL  POINTS  OF  INTEREST  IN  THE  EAST  AND  NORTH 

AT 

Rates  heloio  those  Otherwise  Attainable, 

AND  WITH 

Combinations  and  Privileges  Peculiar  to  their  Arrangements, 

TICKETS  TO  AND  THROUGH  EUROPE  AND  THE  EAS7, 
WITH  OCEAN-CROSSING  BY  ALL  LINES  OF 
STEAMERS,  AND  AT  MARKED  REDUC-^ 

TIONS  FROM  ORDINARY 
RATES. 


“Cook’s  Excursionist,’’ published  monthly,  price  10  cents,  with 
nearly  one  thousand  specimen  Tours  and  Combinations. 


Branch  Offices  : Boston,  197  Washington  St.  ; Philadelphia,  1251 
Chestnut  St.  ; AVashington,  820  F St.  ; San  Francisco,  3 New  Mont^ 
gomerySt.  ; New  Orleans,  35  Carondelet  St. 


THOMAS  COOK  &.  SON,  Ludgate  Circus  London. 


AA'JVO  UNCEMRNTS. 


A.  CAMPKEILIL,  PresidcBut. 

A.  F.  BROWN,  JNO.  R.  CAMPBELL.  J.  L.  BROWER,; 

'I'reasiu'er.  ^acretary,  u4,s•6*^.  Sec'^y 

Campbell  Printing  Press 

AND 


MANUFACTURING  COMPANY. 


OFFICE, 

No.  39  Beekman  Street^  Neio  York. 


FACTORY, 

Wythe  Atenue,  Ileioes  and  Penn  Streets, 
Brooklyn,  E.  D.,  N.  Y. 


JIANUFACTUREKS  OF 

Rotary  Perfecting  Printing  & Folding  Machines, 

ALSO 

Cylincler*  l?x*esses 

pon 

Book,  Ncwsiiiaper,  J'ob,  Color  tA  Wood-Cut  PriBitiisgo 


The  Campbell  Presses  are  Endorsed  by  the  Leading 
Printers  and  Publishers  in  the  United  States. 


Highest  Award  at  the  Philadelphia  Centennial, 


§ENI>  FOB  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE. 


SHOR  T-  TRIP  6 UIDE—A  NN  0 UNCEMER'  TS. 


1846.  THIRTY-SECOND  YEAR.  1877. 

THE 

HOME  JOURNAL, 

ENLARGED  AND  IMPROVED, 


Best  Literary  and  Society  Paper  in 
America.’’ 

Its  leading*  departments  comprise  Editorials  on  topics  of  fresh  interest; 
Brilliant  Romances,  and  Portraitures  of  American  Life  ; Editorial  Re- 
views of  new  events  in  the  world  of  Belles-Lettres,  Painting,  Sculpture, 
Science,  Music,  and  the  Drama  ; Original  Essays  ; Ample  Excerpts  from 
the  best  European  Writers  ; t picy  Letters  from  Correspondents  in  all 
the  great  Capitals  of  the  World;  Copious  Extracts  from  New  Books; 
and  racy  accounts  of  sayings,  happenings  and  doings  in  the  Beau 
Monde  ; embracing  the  very  freshest  matters  of  interest  in  this  country 
and  in  Europe— the  whole  completely  mirroring  the  wit  and  wisdom,  the 
humor  and  pathos,  the  news  and  sparkling  gossip  of  the  times. 

SUBSCRIPTION. 

Subscribers  will  receive  back  numbers  when  desired^ 

FREE  OF  POSTAGE, 


The  Home  Journal  alone,  one  copy,  one  year $3.00 

I copies,  one  year 6.#o 

6 “ “ “ 9.00 


TERMS  FOR  CLUBS; 

The  Home  Journal  and  any  $4  periodical  (either  Harper’s  Magazine, 
Harper’s  Weeklv,  Harper’s  Bazar,  Atlantic  Monthly,  Scribner’s 
Monthly,  The  Galaxy,  LippincoU’s  Magazine,  Appleton’s  Journal, 
Frank  Leslie’s  Ladies’ Journal,  Frank  Leslie’s  Illustrated  Newspaper, 
Blackwood’s  Magazine,  Westminster  Review,  or  anv  of  the  English 
Quarterlies  republished  here)  will  be  sent  for  $5.2?,  the  full  price  being 
{7.  St.  Nicholas  for  $4.50;  full  rates,  |6.oo.  Littell’s  Living  Age  for 
$8  .75  ; full  price,  $n. 

Subscriptions  will  take  date  immediately,  or  at  any  time  subscribew 
prefer.  Address  the  proprietors  and  publishers, 

MORRIS  PHILLIPS  & CO., 

No.  3 Park  Place,  New  York, 


ANAV  UNCEMENTS. 


THE  HIGHEST  HONORS 

AT  THE 

CENTENNIAL  EXHIBITION. 

The  Judges  unanimously  recommended  the 

MENDELSSOHN  PIANOS 

FOR  THE 

DIPLOMA  OF  HONOR  AND  MEDAL  OF  MERIT, 

Placing  them  in  the  Front  Rank  without  a Superior. 

PRICES  REL.OW  COMPETITION, 

FOR  STRICTLY  FIRST-CLASS  INSTRUMENTS. 

$600  for  $250.  $650  for  $275. 

$700  for  $300.  $750  for  $325. 

$800  for  $350.  $900  for  $400. 

$1,000  for  $450. 
iVO  COMMISSIONS  TO  AGENTS. 

NO  DISCOUNTS  TO  TEACHERS. 

NO  DEVIATION  IN  PRICE. 
THE  MENDELSSOHN 

GRAND,  SQUARE  AND  UPRIGHT  PIANOS 

contain  valuable  patents  and  improvements  never  before  introduced. 

Mathushek’s  New  Patent  Duplex  Overstrung  Scale 

is  the  greatest  advance  in  the  history  of  Piano  making,  producing 
the  most  astonishing  power,  richness  and  depth  of  tone,  and  a sus- 
taining singing  qucdity  never  before  attained,  being  a “ Grand  Piano 
IN  A Square  Case.” 

THE  MENDELSSOHN  UPRIGHTS 

are  the  finest  in  America. 

They  are  pronounced  the  “Pianos  of  the  Future.” 
Manufactory  and  Warerooms : 

Nos.  490,  492,  494,  496  and  498  West  Fifty-seventh  St., 
Nos.  858,  860,  862,  864,  868  and  870  Tenth  Avenue. 
PIANOS  SENT  ON  TRIAL. 

Illustrated  and  Descriptive  Catalogue  mailed  free. 
MENREESSOHN  PIANO  CO., 

Business  Office, 

No.  56  BROADWAY,  N.  Y. 


SHORT-TRIP  U VIDE— ANNO  UNCEMENTS. 


THE 

SPUR  OF  MONMOUTH; 

OR, 

Washington  in  Arms. 


A Historical  and  Centennial 

ROMANCE  OF  THE  REVOLUTION 


From  Personal  Recollections  and  Documents  never 
before  made  Public, 

By  an  Ex-Pension  Agent. 

Tliird  Edition.  IN  ow  Tteady  I 
BY 

CLAXTON,  REMSEN  & HAFFELFINGER, 
Publishers  and  Booksellers, 

624  to  628  Market  Street, 


PHILADELiaJIA. 


SHORT-  TRIP  a UIDE.  —ARNO  UNCEMESTTS. 


HELMBOLD’S 

TEMPLE  OE  PHARMACY, 

CONTINENTAL,  HOTEL, 

PHILADELPHIA,  PENNA. 

PRESCRIPTIONS 
Carefully  compounded  with  Pure  Drugs  and  Chemicals. 

IMPORTER  OF 

French,  German  and  English  Perfumery, 
Soaps,  Pomades,  Toilet  Articles,  &c. 

COMPLETE  LINE  OF  LADIES’  REQUISITES. 
Principal  Agent  of 

ATKINSON’S,  LUBIN’S  AND  LETGHFORD’S  PERFUMERY. 

Sole  Agent  for 

GOLDEN  HAIR  FL  UID, 

L’AUREOLINE  DE  ROBARE. 

Patronage  of  the  public  is  respectfully  solicited, 

ALBERT  L.  HELM  BOLD. 


Principal  Depot  for  tHe  sale  of  Helmbold’s  Genuine 
Preparations  • 

Helmbold s Extract  Buchuy 

‘‘  Extract  Sarsaparilla. 

‘‘  Improved  Rose  Wash  & Catawba  Pflls. 


OPEN  ALL  NIGHT. 


SHORT-TRIP  GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 


Travelers’  Official  Guide 

OF  THE 

RAILWAYS  & STEAM  NAVIGATION  LINES 

IN  THE 

UNITED  STATES  &.  CANADA. 


The  only  Guide  recognized  by  the  United  States  Government,  and 
sailroad  officers,  as  the  standard  authority  for  time,  distances,  and  other 
statistics  relative  to  railroads. 

MOISTTHIuY, 

under  the  auspices  of  the  General  Ticket  Agents’  Association,  and 
sold  by  all  news  agents  and  periodical  dealers  throughout  the  United 
States  and  Canada  ; also,  at  the  various  railroad  depots  and  on  trains. 
This  is  the  best  advertising  medium  in  the  country,  and  from  its  large 
circulation,  affords  unusual  advantages  to  merchants  and  manufacturers. 

I^niCE  PJEB,  COPY,  50c.;  PER  YE^R,  $4.00. 

For  further  particulars,  as  to  prices  of  advertising,  &c.,  application 
should  be  made  to  the 

NATIONAL  RAILWAY  PUBLICATION  CO., 

233  South  Fifth  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa, 


“Official  Time-Tables.” 

A New  Monthly  Publication  of  about  200  Pages, 

CONTAINING,  IN  A CONDENSED  FORM,  TiME-TaBLES 

of  the  Railway  and  Steam  Navigation 
Lines  of  the  United  States  & Canada. 


The  afternoon  trains  are  distinguished  from  the  morning  trains  by  the 
use  of  a peculiar  style  of  type  for  each.  Telegraph  Stations  are  desig- 
nated, and  the  population  of  each  place  noted.  A short  description  of 
each  city,  giving  its  business  interests,  lists  of  hotels,  &c.,  is  also 
incorporated. 

A new,  handsome,  and  accurate  colored  railway  map  is  bound  in  each. 
PRICE  25  CENTS  PER  COPY. 

NATIONAL  RAILWAY  PUBLICATION  CO. 

PHILADELPHIA— 233  South  Fifth  Street, 


CHICAGO — 96  Dearborn  Street* 


ANNO  UNCEMENTS, 


ZELL’S 

ENCYCLOPEDIA. 


Price,  complete,  - - - $37.50. 

Also  Sold  in  Nos,  at  50c,  each. 


The  shape  of  the  book,  type,  plan  of  the  work,  &c.,  have 
been  made  to  produce  the  greatest  amount  of  matter  in  the 
smallest  space,  and  at  the  lowest  cost.  The  amount  of 
printed  matter  is  equal  to  that  of  the  largest  Encyclopedia 
published  by  an  American  firm.  While  every  essential 
fact  and  date  is  included  in  each  article,  yet  every  subject 
is  so  condensed  that  our  Encyclopedia  has  five  times  as 
many  articles  as  the  most  voluminous  ones. 

This  gives  not  only  the  convenience  of  compactness, 
but  enables  you  to  make  references  in  so  short  a time 
that  you  are  tempted  to  look  them  up  when  your  interest 
is  aroused,  and  they  are  thus  fastened  in  your  mind. 

B.  W.  BOND, 

No.  5 Beekman  St.f 


NEW  YORK  CITY. 


4 


.'.V 


I: 


ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

NEW  YORK  BUREAU 

FOR 

MINING  INFORMATION, 

No.  6o  BROADWAY, 

{Over  AmeHcan  Mining  and  Stock  Exchange.)  New  York. 


This  Bureau  has  been  established  to  supply  a daily  increasing 
want  of  the  Mining  Interest  of  America.  It  has  reliable  Corres- 
pondents in  all  the  Mining  localities,  and,  while  encouraging  these 
great  interests,  will  fearlessly  expose  all  attempts  to  deceive  the 
public  with  worthless  investments  in  this  class  of  property. 

Tlxe  JSdlTLtrLg  JEleco~rci, 

OP  THE 

NEW  YORK  BUREAU  FOR  MINING  INFORMATION, 

Price  $3.00  j)er  Annum,  in  advance, 

will  be  the  official  mouthpiece  of  the  Bureau,  and  will  be  published 
every  Thursday.  Subscribers  to  The  Mining  Record  will  be  en- 
titled to  all  the  privileges  of  the  Bureau.  Reliable  Assays  of  all 
kinds  of  Ore  will  be  made  when  ordered,  and  Experts  will  be  pro- 
vided to  examine  Mines  and  Mining  Property. 

All  communications  will  meet  with  prompt  response.  For  fur- 
ther particulars,  address 

ALEX.  KOBT.  CHISHOLM, 

Manager. 

iV.  B.  —Liberal  arrangements  made  with  relidble  Cor- 
respondents and  Experts,  % 


i 


b 


. 4‘ 

■11*',. 


